CN217158528U

CN217158528U - Single battery, battery module and electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN217158528U
Application number: CN202220709228.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒宽金; 谭余沐; 李子建; 贺孝武; 何巍; 刘金成
Original assignee: Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-29
Filing date: 2022-03-29
Publication date: 2022-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery cell, battery module and electric motor car, wherein, battery cell includes casing, apron subassembly and electric core, and the casing is provided with the opening with outside intercommunication, and apron subassembly shutoff is in the opening, and electric core setting is in the casing, and the casing includes the first side of the adjacent battery cell of orientation and the second side of personally submitting the contained angle setting with first side, and the second side is the contained angle setting with the plane at opening place, and the sealed pressure relief device that is provided with on the second side. The utility model discloses a single cell sets up pressure relief device on the second side of casing, and the excrement is direct from the casing blowout when the pressure release, can avoid the excrement to directly strike other spare parts of casing inside, and the excrement is difficult for blockking up the escape way and influences single cell's security moreover.

Description

Single battery, battery module and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery technology field especially relates to a battery cell, battery module and electric motor car.

Background

With the rapid development of lithium ion battery technology, lithium ion batteries are widely used in various power supply fields, such as electric vehicles and the like.

At present, the electric automobile mainly uses square aluminum shell batteries, a single battery generally needs to be firstly assembled into a battery module, and a plurality of battery modules are assembled into a battery after being added with some parts. The single battery in the prior art generally has a safety pressure relief device disposed on the cover plate, and the safety pressure relief device performs pressure relief in a direction perpendicular to the cover plate. When the pressure is released, the excrement of the single battery directly impacts parts inside the battery easily, secondary damage is caused to the parts, and the excrement channel is blocked easily to influence the safety of the battery.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the utility model provides an aim at: the utility model provides a single cell, its simple structure can avoid excrement direct impact casing inside spare part and guarantee that the excrement excretes smoothly when the pressure release.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a another aim at: the battery module is simple in structure, long in service life and good in safety performance.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a still another aim at: the electric vehicle is simple in structure, the battery module is longitudinally decompressed, and safety performance is good.

To achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect, a single battery is provided, which comprises a shell, a cover plate assembly and a battery cell, wherein the shell is provided with an opening communicated with the outside, the cover plate assembly is blocked at the opening, the battery cell is arranged in the shell, the shell comprises a first side face and a second side face, the first side face and the second side face are adjacent to each other in the direction, the first side face and the second side face are arranged at included angles, the second side face and a plane where the opening is located are arranged at the included angles, and a pressure relief device is arranged on the second side face in a sealing mode.

As a preferable scheme of the single battery, the pressure relief device is an explosion-proof valve, and the explosion-proof valve is welded or bonded with the shell.

As a preferred scheme of the single battery, the pressure relief device is a notch explosion-proof valve which is formed on the shell in a punching mode.

As a preferable aspect of the unit cell, the size of the first side surface is larger than the size of the second side surface.

In a preferable embodiment of the battery cell, the wall thickness of the case is 0.1mm to 0.3 mm.

As a preferable mode of the single battery, the case is formed by integrally bending a metal plate, the metal plate has a first end and a second end connected after bending, and the first end is welded to the second end.

As a preferable scheme of the single battery, the first end and the second end are welded to form a welded joint, and the welded joint is disposed on an opposite surface of the first side surface or the second side surface on which the pressure relief device is disposed.

As a preferable scheme of the single battery, the metal plate is made of steel, aluminum alloy or aluminum material.

In a second aspect, a battery module is provided, which comprises a plurality of single batteries according to any one of the above technical solutions.

In a third aspect, an electric vehicle is further provided, and the electric vehicle includes the above battery module, and the pressure relief device of the single battery in the battery module faces the bottom of the electric vehicle.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect does: through setting up pressure relief device on the second side of casing, the second side is not parallel with the plane at apron subassembly place and is not towards adjacent battery cell, when battery cell takes place the thermal runaway and carries out the pressure release, the pressure release direction is not the direction of perpendicular to apron subassembly, the inside electrolyte of casing, excrement such as gas can directly spray to the outside of casing through pressure relief device on the casing, other spare parts of the inside of excrement can not the direct impact casing, avoid causing secondary destruction to battery cell, and battery cell pressure release is smooth and easy, can avoid excrement jam escape way, thereby influence battery cell's security.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the single battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a housing; 11. an opening; 12. a first side surface; 13. a second side surface; 14. welding a seam; 2. a cover plate assembly; 3. a pressure relief device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects achieved by the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation of the first and second features not being in direct contact, but being in contact with another feature between them. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, each battery cell includes a casing 1, a cover plate assembly 2 and a battery cell (not shown in the figure), the casing 1 is provided with an opening 11 communicated with the outside, the cover plate assembly 2 is plugged in the opening 11, the battery cell is arranged in the casing 1, the casing 1 includes a first side surface 12 facing to an adjacent battery cell and a second side surface 13 arranged at an included angle with the first side surface 12, the second side surface 13 is arranged at an included angle with a plane where the opening 11 is located, and a pressure relief device 3 is hermetically arranged on the second side surface 13. Through setting up pressure relief device 3 on the second side 13 of casing 1, and second side 13 is not parallel with the plane that apron subassembly 2 is located and is not towards adjacent battery cell, when battery cell takes place the thermal runaway and carries out the pressure release, the inside electrolyte of casing 1, excrement such as gas passes through pressure relief device 3 direct injection to the outside of casing 1, the pressure release direction is not the direction of perpendicular to apron subassembly 2, other spare parts of the inside of casing 1 can not directly be assaulted to the excrement, cause secondary destruction to battery cell when avoiding the pressure release, and battery cell pressure release is smooth and easy, can avoid excrement to block up drainage channel, thereby influence battery cell's security.

In the present embodiment, the second side surfaces 13 are disposed at the top and bottom of the housing 1, i.e., the second side surfaces 13 are disposed oppositely in the longitudinal direction, and the two first side surfaces 12 are disposed oppositely in the transverse direction.

Preferably, the second side 13 provided with the pressure relief device 3 is arranged at the bottom of the casing 1, the pressure relief device 3 is arranged on the second side 13 at the bottom of the casing 1, and excrement can be discharged more smoothly under the action of gravity, so that the discharging effect is better.

Preferably, the size of the first side 12 is larger than the size of the second side 13, i.e. the first side 12 is a wide face and the second side 13 is a narrow face. Pressure relief device 3 sets up on the leptoprosopy of casing 1, when battery module is assembled into to the battery cell, can be convenient for set up more battery cells, improves battery module's space utilization to improve battery module's energy density.

In particular, the pressure relief device 3 is an explosion-proof valve. In this embodiment, be provided with a plurality of mounting holes on the lateral wall of casing 1 bottom, all sealing weld has explosion-proof valve in every mounting hole, can play the effect of safe pressure release when guaranteeing casing 1's leakproofness.

In other embodiments, the explosion-proof valve can also be sealingly affixed in the mounting hole of the housing 1 by means of an adhesive.

In another embodiment, the vent valve is a scored vent valve that is press molded directly onto the second side 13 of the housing 1. The explosion-proof valve and the shell 1 are of an integral structure, and the shell 1 is better in sealing performance.

Further, the thickness of the metal plate is 0.1mm to 0.3mm to form the shell 1 with the wall thickness of 0.1mm to 0.3 mm. Through integrative back weld forming's of buckling casing 1 of metal sheet, the metal sheet thickness is exactly the wall thickness of casing 1, and casing 1 can design thinly under the proof strength, makes casing 1's inner space bigger relatively to promote casing 1's inner space utilization, casing 1's weight is littleer moreover, can alleviate battery cell's total weight.

Specifically, the housing 1 is integrally formed by bending a metal plate, the metal plate has a first end and a second end connected after bending, the first end and the second end are welded, and then the housing 1 with the opening 11 is formed by fine cutting.

Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the casing 1 has a welded seam 14 after welding, and the welded seam 14 is arranged in a staggered manner with respect to the second side 13 where the pressure relief device 3 is arranged, that is, the welded seam 14 is arranged on the side where the pressure relief device 3 is not arranged on the casing 1, so that the pressure relief device 3 is not overlapped with the welded seam 14, thereby improving the strength of the casing 1, and simultaneously facilitating the fixation of the pressure relief device 3 and ensuring the sealing performance of the casing 1.

In this embodiment, the weld seam 14 is provided on the second side 13 without the pressure relief device 3.

Preferably, the housing 1 is made of steel, aluminum alloy or aluminum material. This design can reduce the manufacturing cost of the housing 1 while satisfying the design requirements of the housing 1.

The specific manufacturing process of the shell 1 comprises the following steps:

step S10, providing a metal plate, wherein the metal plate is provided with a first end and a second end, the metal plate is bent for multiple times, and the first end and the second end are abutted to form a square shell to be welded; wherein the first end and the second end are abutted to form a gap to be welded.

Step S20, aligning the first end and the second end, and welding the gap to be welded;

step S30, finely cutting the welded metal plate to form a shell 1 with an opening 11;

and step S40, providing the explosion-proof valve, forming a mounting hole at the bottom of the molded shell 1, and welding the explosion-proof valve into the mounting hole.

This embodiment still provides a battery module, including the battery cell of a plurality of this embodiments, and the first side 12 of two adjacent battery cell's casing 1 laminates each other, and second side 13 is towards the bottom of battery module, and the battery cell of battery module can directly be outside along vertically discharging the excrement when the pressure release to the battery module, can not destroy other spare parts of adjacent battery cell and battery module, and the long service life of battery module, the security performance is good.

The embodiment also provides an electric vehicle, which comprises the battery module, wherein the pressure relief devices 3 of the single batteries in the battery module face to the bottom of the electric vehicle. Through all facing the bottom of electric motor car with pressure relief device 3, outside can directly discharging the excrement battery module when battery cell carries out the pressure release, the bottom of electric motor car promptly can not block up the pressure release passageway and cause the secondary to destroy to the battery module, and the security performance is good.

In the description herein, it is to be understood that the terms "upper" and the like are used in a descriptive sense and based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for convenience in description and simplicity of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, configuration and operation in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description herein, references to the description of "an embodiment" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

The technical principle of the present invention is described above with reference to specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without any inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a single battery, includes casing, apron subassembly and electric core, the casing is provided with the opening with outside intercommunication, apron subassembly shutoff in the opening, electric core sets up in the casing, its characterized in that, the casing include the first side of adjacent battery of orientation and with the second side that the contained angle set up is personally submitted to the first side, just the second side with the plane at opening place is the contained angle setting, the sealed pressure relief device that is provided with on the second side.

2. The battery cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure relief device is an explosion-proof valve welded or bonded to the housing.

3. The battery cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure relief device is a scored explosion-proof valve stamped and formed on the housing.

4. The cell defined in claim 1, wherein the first side is larger in size than the second side.

5. The cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wall thickness of the case is 0.1mm to 0.3 mm.

6. The cell defined in claim 1, wherein the housing is integrally formed by bending a metal plate, the metal plate having a first end and a second end connected after bending, the first end being welded to the second end.

7. The single battery according to claim 6, wherein the first end and the second end are welded to form a welded joint, and the welded joint is staggered from the second side surface where the pressure relief device is arranged.

8. The cell defined in claim 6, wherein the metal plate is steel, aluminum alloy, or aluminum.

9. A battery module comprising a plurality of the unit batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the battery module according to claim 9, wherein the pressure relief devices of the single batteries in the battery module face to the bottom of the electric vehicle.