CN217156249U - Measuring equipment for adhesive strength of cohesive soil and metal surface - Google Patents
Measuring equipment for adhesive strength of cohesive soil and metal surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN217156249U CN217156249U CN202220945816.1U CN202220945816U CN217156249U CN 217156249 U CN217156249 U CN 217156249U CN 202220945816 U CN202220945816 U CN 202220945816U CN 217156249 U CN217156249 U CN 217156249U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a measuring device for the adhesive strength between cohesive soil and metal surface, which comprises an earthing pressure loading device, a cutter head twisting device, a tunneling simulation device, a sensing device and a soil bin; the earthing pressure loading device comprises an earthing pressure loading plate; the cutterhead twisting device comprises a cutterhead, a loading rod and a twisting motor, and the tunneling simulation device comprises a lifting table which is arranged at the lower part of the soil bin and can drive the soil bin to lift; the sensing device comprises an axial force sensor and a torque sensor, and the axial force sensor and the torque sensor are both arranged on the loading rod. The utility model discloses can realize the measurement to cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength, realize the simulation of blade disc developments rotation tunnelling cutting soil sample in soil sample through earthing pressure loading device, blade disc torsion device and tunnelling analogue means cooperation, obtain tangential and normal direction adhesion strength between blade disc and the soil sample under different earthing pressure and the different tunnelling degree of depth.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of ground and underground space engineering, concretely relates to measuring equipment of cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength.
Background
The adhesion strength of the soil and metal interface is mainly based on the property that viscous wet soil is attached to the surface of a soil-contacting solid, and the research on the adhesion strength of the soil and metal interface at home and abroad begins in the field of agricultural machinery. The method mainly comprises the steps that when the shield machine penetrates through a viscous stratum, viscous soil scraps formed by cutting of a shield cutter head are gathered into blocks and adhered to the cutter head, and the blocks are gradually hardened and formed into block mud cakes along with the increase of the temperature of the cutter head, so that the penetration degree of a cutter is reduced to generate eccentric wear, even a cutter edge and a soil discharge device are blocked, the shield torque is too large, the cutter is worn, and the shield tunneling efficiency is influenced.
In order to reduce the influence of cohesive soil blockage on shield tunneling, modifiers such as foaming agents, dispersing agents and the like are commonly used in engineering to treat shield muck so as to achieve the purpose of reducing adhesion, and the improvement effect can be quantitatively evaluated by measuring the adhesion strength of muck before and after the modifier treatment, so that the treatment scheme is improved and optimized. At present, two modes of direct measurement and indirect measurement are mainly used for evaluating the adhesion strength of a soil and metal interface, the test for indirectly measuring the adhesion comprises a stirring test, a pressure cross plate shearing test, a disc rotation test and the like, and the test for directly measuring the adhesion comprises an inclined sliding test, an improved direct shearing test, a drawing test and the like.
Due to the complex shield tunneling working condition, the existing measuring equipment cannot be fully designed and consider all influence factors of the actual tunneling process, and in addition, the existing measuring equipment for measuring the tangential and normal adhesion strength of soil and metal surfaces is not uniform with evaluation indexes, for example, the test equipment related to patent application documents CN106996844A and CN112730231A respectively evaluates the adhesion strength of cohesive soil through soil block sliding displacement and soil sample adhesion quality, while the equipment of patent application document CN106092808A realizes pressurization through a weight and lever system, but the controllable soil pressure range is fixed and the equipment volume is large, thereby increasing the influence on the operation. The equipment and the standard capable of evaluating the soil adhesion more accurately are provided, and are one of key links for improving the shield construction efficiency.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that it is not enough to above-mentioned prior art to provide a cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength's measuring equipment, this equipment is through containing earthing pressure loading device, blade disc torsion device, the tunnelling analogue means, sensing device and the measurement to cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength is realized in the soil storehouse that can supply the dress soil sample, through earthing pressure loading device, the simulation that dynamic rotation tunnelling cutting soil sample of blade disc in soil sample is realized in blade disc torsion device and the cooperation of tunnelling analogue means, obtain under different earthing pressure and the different tunnelling degree of depth tangential and normal direction adhesion strength between blade disc and the soil sample.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: a measuring device for the adhesive strength of cohesive soil and a metal surface is characterized by comprising an earth covering pressure loading device, a cutter head twisting device, a tunneling simulation device, a sensing device and a soil bin for bearing a soil sample;
the earthing pressure loading device comprises an earthing pressure loading plate capable of applying earthing pressure to the soil sample; the cutter disc twisting device comprises a cutter disc, a loading rod and a twisting motor, wherein one end of the loading rod is connected to the twisting motor, and the other end of the loading rod is connected with the cutter disc; the tunneling simulation device comprises a lifting platform which is arranged at the lower part of the soil bin and can drive the soil bin to lift; the sensing device comprises an axial force sensor and a torque sensor, wherein the axial force sensor and the torque sensor are both arranged on the loading rod.
The equipment for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface is characterized in that the earthing pressure loading device further comprises an air cylinder which can drive the earthing pressure loading plate, the air cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, the earthing pressure loading plate is detachably arranged in the soil bin, and the earthing pressure loading plate is positioned between the piston rod and the soil sample; the cylinder set up in on the soil storehouse, the quantity of cylinder is 2.
The measuring equipment for the adhesive strength of the cohesive soil and the metal surface is characterized in that the earthing pressure loading device further comprises a control valve, a cylinder pressure gauge and an air pump, the air pump is communicated with the cylinder, the control valve and the cylinder pressure gauge are arranged on a pipeline communicated with the air pump, and the cylinder pressure gauge is located between the air pump and the control valve.
The equipment for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface is characterized in that the soil covering pressure loading plate is provided with a plurality of air holes.
The measuring equipment for the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface is characterized in that the torsion motor is a variable-frequency torsion motor, and the axial force sensor is a vibrating wire type axial force sensor.
The device for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface is characterized by further comprising a lifting control device, wherein the lifting control device comprises a threaded lead screw, a variable frequency motor and a speed reducer electrically connected with the variable frequency motor, one end of the threaded lead screw is installed on the variable frequency motor, and the other end of the threaded lead screw is connected to a lifting platform.
The measuring equipment for the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface is characterized by further comprising a power supply electrically connected with the torsion motor and the variable frequency motor.
Foretell measuring equipment of cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength, its characterized in that, measuring equipment still includes the steel support body, the soil storehouse set up in steel support body middle part, the motor that twists reverse install in steel support body upper portion just right the soil storehouse, the tunnelling analogue means is located steel support body bottom just is located under the soil storehouse.
The measuring equipment for the adhesive strength of the cohesive soil and the metal surface is characterized in that through holes for allowing the loading rods to penetrate through are formed in the soil bin and the covering soil pressure loading plate.
The measuring equipment for the adhesive strength of the cohesive soil and the metal surface is characterized in that the soil bin comprises a bin body and a bin cover plate, wherein a protruding portion is arranged at the edge of the bin cover plate, and a concave portion matched with the protruding portion is formed in the bin body.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantage:
1. the utility model discloses a cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength's measuring equipment is through containing earthing pressure loading device, the blade disc torsion device, the tunnelling analogue means, sensing device and the soil storehouse that can supply the dress soil sample realize the measurement to cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength, through earthing pressure loading device, the simulation of blade disc rotation device and tunnelling analogue means cooperation realization blade disc dynamic rotation tunnelling cutting soil sample in the soil sample, obtain under different earthing pressure and the different tunnelling degree of depth tangential and normal direction adhesion strength between blade disc and the soil sample.
2. Preferably, the utility model discloses a two cylinders and earthing pressure loading plate exert earthing pressure to the soil sample, can effectively avoid the bias voltage.
3. Preferably, the earthing pressure loading device further comprises a control valve, a cylinder pressure gauge and an air pump, the control valve, the cylinder pressure gauge and the air pump are used for switching between pressure increasing and pressure reducing of the cylinder, and the applying requirements of different earthing pressures are met.
4. Preferably, the soil covering pressure loading plate is provided with air holes, so that air in the soil sample is exhausted when soil covering pressure is applied to the soil sample through the air holes, and the test precision and accuracy are improved.
5. Preferably, the torsion motor is a variable-frequency torsion motor, so that stable output of the motor can be effectively realized, and the working condition requirement of a long-term test is met.
6. Preferably, the soil storehouse is including the storehouse apron that is provided with the protruding portion and the storehouse body that is provided with the concave recess, and the cooperation through protruding portion and concave recess realizes the mortise-tenon joint formula of storehouse apron and storehouse body and is connected, and the fastening nature is higher.
7. Preferably, the lifting control device comprises a variable frequency motor and a speed reducer electrically connected with the variable frequency motor, the transmission torque of the threaded lead screw can be effectively increased, the upper structure and the soil sample can be more stably supported, and the lifting platform can be uniformly lifted by matching with the threaded lead screw.
8. The utility model discloses the principle is reliable, has very high popularization and application and worth.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the measuring equipment for the adhesive strength between the clay and the metal surface of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a casing pressure loading plate.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure and connection of the covering pressure loading device.
Description of the reference numerals
1-soil sample; 11-a bin body; 12-a bin cover plate;
21-a soil covering pressure loading plate; 22-a cylinder; 23-a control valve;
24-cylinder pressure gauge; 25, an air pump; 231 — an air inlet;
232-exhaust port; 26-air holes; 31-a cutter head;
32-a loading rod; 33-a torsion motor; 41-lifting platform;
42-threaded lead screw; 43-variable frequency motor; 44-speed reducer;
51-axial force sensor; 52-torque sensor; 6-a steel frame body;
7-through hole.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a device for measuring adhesive strength between cohesive soil and a metal surface, which includes a covering pressure loading device, a cutter head twisting device, a tunneling simulation device, a sensing device, and a soil bin for holding a soil sample 1;
the earthing pressure loading device comprises an earthing pressure loading plate 21 which can apply earthing pressure to the soil sample 1; the cutter disc twisting device comprises a cutter disc 31, a loading rod 32 and a twisting motor 33, one end of the loading rod 32 is connected to the twisting motor 33, and the other end of the loading rod 32 is connected with the cutter disc 31; the tunneling simulation device comprises a lifting platform 41 which is arranged at the lower part of the soil bin and can drive the soil bin to lift; the sensing device comprises an axial force sensor 51 and a torque sensor 52, and the axial force sensor 51 and the torque sensor 52 are both mounted on the loading rod 32.
The cutter head 31 can extend into the soil sample 1; the torque sensor 52 may be a NF604 type dynamic torque sensor available from feichino smart technologies ltd.
The utility model discloses a soil storehouse that contains earthing pressure loading device, blade disc torsion device, tunnelling analogue means, sensing device and can supply to hold dress soil sample realizes the measurement to cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength, realizes the blade disc through earthing pressure loading device, blade disc torsion device and the cooperation of tunnelling analogue means and digs the simulation of dynamic rotation tunnelling cutting soil sample in soil sample, obtains under different earthing pressure and the different tunnelling degree of depth tangential and normal direction adhesion strength between blade disc and the soil sample.
In the apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface of the embodiment, the casing pressure loading device further includes an air cylinder 22 capable of driving the casing pressure loading plate 21, the air cylinder 22 includes a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, the casing pressure loading plate 21 is detachably disposed in the soil bin, and the casing pressure loading plate 21 is located between the piston rod and the soil sample 1; the air cylinders 22 are arranged on the soil bin, and the number of the air cylinders 22 is 2. The cylinder 22 is an SC series piston rod standard cylinder 22 purchased from Ten thousand pneumatic Limited, Leqing. The bias voltage can be effectively avoided by applying the soil sample 1 with the soil covering pressure by the two air cylinders 22 and the soil covering pressure loading plate 21.
In the equipment for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface of the embodiment, the earthing pressure loading device further comprises a control valve 23, an air cylinder pressure gauge 24 and an air pump 25, the air pump 25 is communicated with the air cylinder 22, the control valve 23 and the air cylinder pressure gauge 24 are both arranged on a pipeline communicated with the air cylinder 22 and the air pump 25, and the air cylinder pressure gauge 24 is positioned between the air pump 25 and the control valve 23. The air pump 25 is a small centrifugal compression air pump, and is purchased from the Linyi Huiwu hardware-mechanical-electrical company Limited; the control valve 23 may be a manual switching valve; the control valve, the cylinder pressure gauge and the air pump can be used for switching the pressure increase and the pressure reduction of the cylinder, and the application requirements of different soil covering pressures are met. The control valve 23 is provided with an air inlet 231 and an air outlet 232.
In the apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface of the embodiment, the covering soil pressure loading plate 21 is provided with a plurality of air holes 26, and the number of the air holes 26 is plural. Preferably, the soil covering pressure loading plate is provided with air holes, so that air in the soil sample is exhausted when soil covering pressure is applied to the soil sample through the air holes, and the test precision and accuracy are improved.
In the apparatus for measuring the adhesion strength between the clay and the metal surface of the present embodiment, the torsion motor 33 is a variable frequency torsion motor, and the axial force sensor 51 is a vibrating wire axial force sensor. The axial force sensor 51 is preferably a vibrating wire type axial force sensor, so that certain uneven load influence can be eliminated while the precision and the sensitivity are ensured, and the linear stability of a digital signal is high; the axial force sensor 51 is purchased from Kaihou surveying Instrument, Inc. of Tangshan. As preferred, the utility model provides a twist reverse motor 33 is the frequency conversion and twists reverse the motor, can effectively realize exerting oneself steadily of motor, satisfies the operating mode requirement of long-term test.
In the equipment for measuring the adhesive strength between the clayey soil and the metal surface, the tunneling simulation device further comprises a lifting control device, the lifting control device comprises a threaded lead screw 42, a variable frequency motor 43 and a speed reducer 44 electrically connected with the variable frequency motor 43, one end of the threaded lead screw 42 is mounted on the variable frequency motor 43, and the other end of the threaded lead screw 42 is connected to the lifting table 41. The reducer 44 is an asynchronous alternating current gear reducer motor, and is purchased from shenzhen, xingchang electromechanical limited company. The speed reducer 44 can effectively increase the transmission torque of the threaded lead screw, and more stably support the superstructure and the soil sample.
In the apparatus for measuring the adhesion strength of the clay to the metal surface of the present embodiment, the apparatus further includes a power supply electrically connected to both the torsion motor 33 and the inverter motor 43.
In the cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength's of this embodiment measuring equipment, measuring equipment still includes steel support body 6, the soil storehouse set up in 6 middle parts of steel support body, twist reverse motor 33 install in 6 upper portions of steel support body just right the soil storehouse, the tunnelling analogue means is located 6 bottoms of steel support body just are located under the soil storehouse.
In the equipment for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface, the soil bin and the covering soil pressure loading plate 21 are both provided with through holes 7 for the loading rods 32 to pass through.
In the cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength's of this embodiment measuring equipment, the soil storehouse includes storehouse body 11 and storehouse apron 12, storehouse apron 12 edge is provided with the protruding portion, seted up on the storehouse body 11 with protruding portion complex recess. The cooperation through protruding portion and concave recess realizes that the mortise-tenon joint formula of storehouse apron 12 and storehouse body 11 is connected, and the fastening is higher.
Adopt the utility model discloses carry out cohesive soil and metal surface adhesion strength's measuring method, including following step:
step one, preparing a sample according to a preset clay proportion and water content, and sealing and standing the sample for 24 hours to obtain a cohesive soil sample; the clay proportion can be the mass ratio of montmorillonite to kaolin, and the mass can be 1:3, 1:1 or 3: 1; the water content is the water content when the consistency index is 0.6, and the consistency index I c The calculation formula is as follows:
I c ＝(ω L –ω n )/(ω L –ω P )
wherein, I c Is the consistency index, omega P To limit of plastic, omega L Is the liquid limit, omega n Is a preset water content;
adding a dispersant solution with the mass concentration of 10% into the cohesive soil sample, stirring, sealing and standing for 1-5 hours to obtain a soil sample 1;
step three, the soil sample 1 is loaded into a soil bin in a layered mode, the cutter head 31 is buried into the soil sample 1, and the height of the cutter head 31 from the upper portion of the soil sample 1 is 1/5 of the total height of the soil sample 1;
placing the soil covering pressure loading plate 21 on the soil sample 1, screwing the bin cover plate 12 on the bin body 11, starting the air pump 25, setting the control valve 23 to be in an air inlet mode, applying 10kPa forward pressure for 10s to the soil body to discharge air between the soil covering pressure loading plate 21 and the soil sample 1, and then applying constant soil covering pressure for 5min according to preset soil covering pressure;
step five, starting a torsion motor 33 and a variable frequency motor 43, driving the cutter head 31 to rotate at a constant speed by the torsion motor 33 to cut the soil sample 1, and simultaneously lifting the soil bin by a lifting platform 41 to drive the cutter head 31 to tunnel in the soil sample 1 to a preset tunneling depth;
step six, stopping the variable frequency motor 43, recording the reading of the torque sensor 52, drawing a torque-time curve of the cutter head 31, and calculating the tangential adhesion strength alpha by using the following formula τ In which α is τ The tangential adhesive strength of the clay sample and the surface of the cutter head 31 is expressed in kPa, T is the torque of the cutter head 31 and is expressed in KN.m, D is the diameter of the cutter head 31 and is expressed in m;
step seven, stopping the torsion motor 33, adjusting the control valve 23 to be in an exhaust mode, closing the air pump 25, taking out the covering soil pressure loading plate 21, cleaning the soil sample 1 on the cutter head 31, starting the variable frequency motor 43, descending the soil bin by the lifting platform 41, recording the maximum value of the tensile force shown by the axial force sensor 51, and calculating the normal adhesion strength alpha according to the following formula n In which α is n The normal adhesion strength of the clay sample and the surface of the cutter head 31 is expressed in Kpa, N is the maximum value of the tensile force measured by the axial force sensor 51, KN is expressed in the unit, and D is the diameter of the cutter head (31) and m is expressed in the unit;
step eight, driving the soil bin to descend to the bottom by using the lifting platform 41, stopping the variable frequency motor 43, and cleaning the soil bin and the cutter head 31;
step nine, repeating the step three to the step eight to obtain tangential adhesive strength and normal adhesive strength at different earthing pressures and different tunneling depths; the casing pressure may be 50kPa, 100kPa, 200kPa or 300kPa and the depth of penetration may be at samples 1/5, 2/5, 3/5 or 4/5.
The above, only be the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, it is not right the utility model discloses do any restriction, all according to utility model technical entity to any simple modification, change and the equivalent structure change of doing above embodiment, all still belong to the utility model discloses technical scheme's within the scope of protection.
Claims (10)
1. A measuring device for the adhesive strength of cohesive soil and a metal surface is characterized by comprising an earth covering pressure loading device, a cutter head twisting device, a tunneling simulation device, a sensing device and a soil bin for containing a soil sample (1);
the earthing pressure loading device comprises an earthing pressure loading plate (21) capable of applying earthing pressure to the soil sample (1); the cutter disc twisting device comprises a cutter disc (31), a loading rod (32) and a twisting motor (33), one end of the loading rod (32) is connected to the twisting motor (33), and the other end of the loading rod (32) is connected with the cutter disc (31); the tunneling simulation device comprises a lifting platform (41) which is arranged at the lower part of the soil bin and can drive the soil bin to lift; the sensing device comprises an axial force sensor (51) and a torque sensor (52), wherein the axial force sensor (51) and the torque sensor (52) are both arranged on the loading rod (32).
2. The apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength of the cohesive soil to the metal surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing pressure loading device further comprises an air cylinder (22) for driving the casing pressure loading plate (21), the air cylinder (22) comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, the casing pressure loading plate (21) is detachably arranged in the soil bin, and the casing pressure loading plate (21) is positioned between the piston rod and the soil sample (1); the air cylinders (22) are arranged on the soil bin, and the number of the air cylinders (22) is 2.
3. The apparatus for measuring the adhesion strength of cohesive soil and a metal surface according to claim 2, wherein the covering pressure loading device further comprises a control valve (23), a cylinder pressure gauge (24) and an air pump (25), the air pump (25) is communicated with the cylinder (22), the control valve (23) and the cylinder pressure gauge (24) are both arranged on a pipeline through which the cylinder (22) is communicated with the air pump (25), and the cylinder pressure gauge (24) is arranged between the air pump (25) and the control valve (23).
4. The apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength of the clay to the metal surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the covering pressure loading plate (21) is provided with a plurality of air holes (26), and the number of the air holes (26) is plural.
5. The apparatus for measuring the adhesion strength of the clay to the metal surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the torsion motor (33) is a variable frequency torsion motor, and the axial force sensor (51) is a vibrating wire axial force sensor.
6. The apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength between the clayey soil and the metal surface according to claim 1, wherein the tunneling simulation device further comprises a lifting control device, the lifting control device comprises a threaded lead screw (42), a variable frequency motor (43) and a speed reducer (44) electrically connected with the variable frequency motor (43), one end of the threaded lead screw (42) is mounted on the variable frequency motor (43), and the other end of the threaded lead screw (42) is connected to the lifting platform (41).
7. The apparatus for measuring adhesion strength of cohesive soil to a metal surface according to claim 6, further comprising a power supply electrically connected to both the torsion motor (33) and the variable frequency motor (43).
8. The apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a steel frame (6), the soil bin is disposed in the middle of the steel frame (6), the torsion motor (33) is mounted on the upper portion of the steel frame (6) and faces the soil bin, and the tunneling simulation device is located at the bottom of the steel frame (6) and below the soil bin.
9. The apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil chamber and the covering pressure loading plate (21) are provided with through holes (7) for the loading rods (32) to pass through.
10. The apparatus for measuring the adhesive strength between the cohesive soil and the metal surface according to claim 1, wherein the soil bin comprises a bin body (11) and a bin cover plate (12), a protruding portion is arranged on the edge of the bin cover plate (12), and a recess portion matched with the protruding portion is formed on the bin body (11).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117890394A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-16 | 中铁七局集团第三工程有限公司 | Device and method for detecting mud cake of shield cutter head |
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2022
- 2022-04-23 CN CN202220945816.1U patent/CN217156249U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117890394A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-16 | 中铁七局集团第三工程有限公司 | Device and method for detecting mud cake of shield cutter head |
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