CN217134665U - Antenna device for realizing circular polarized wave - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves, including: the short circuit surface is a metal surface; the excitation end comprises a first excitation end and a second excitation end, the first excitation end and the second excitation end are arranged on the signal layer, the first excitation end outputs a first excitation signal, and the second excitation end outputs a second excitation signal; the conductive cylinder array comprises a plurality of conductive cylinders which are parallel to each other, the conductive cylinders extend along a direction perpendicular to the short circuit surface, the plurality of conductive cylinders and the short circuit surface enclose a first cavity, and a first end of the conductive cylinder array is in contact with the short circuit surface; the first excitation end and the second excitation end are at least partially arranged in the first cavity, so that a first excitation signal output by the first excitation end and a second excitation signal output by the second excitation end can interact with the short circuit surface to generate circularly polarized waves, and the circularly polarized waves are transmitted towards the second end part of the conductive cylinder array.

Description

Antenna device for realizing circular polarized wave

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves.

Background

Since the reflected wave is inverted when the circularly polarized wave is incident on a simple symmetrical object (such as a plane, a sphere, etc.), the circularly polarized wave has good rain and fog interference resistance, and the circularly polarized wave has strong ability to penetrate through an ionized layer and is not influenced by a Faraday effect generated by an earth dipole magnetic field, so that the circularly polarized wave is widely applied in a plurality of fields.

Common modes for realizing circular polarization include a single feed technology, a double feed technology and a circular polarizer, wherein the single feed technology commonly uses a corner cut, a patch surface slot or other modes for adding perturbation to realize circular polarization, such as a circular polarization corner cut patch antenna, the antenna has a simple structure and is easy to realize, but the bandwidth is narrow and is not suitable for application of a broadband, and in order to improve the bandwidth range, a laminated structure is commonly adopted, but the processing difficulty is increased; in the double-feed technology, two orthogonal signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees are applied by two ports, so that circular polarization can be realized in a wider frequency band, but the technology needs a more complex feed network and is more difficult to realize in a millimeter wave band; the circular polarizer technology is to convert linearly polarized electromagnetic waves into circularly polarized waves by using a circular polarizer in the transmission process, and the commonly used circular polarizer and medium polarizer which use metal patterns are used for the circular polarizer, wherein the metal pattern polarizer is easy to realize, but the loss is large, the medium polarizer is complex to process, the frequency band is higher, the processing is more difficult, and the circular polarizer is difficult to use in millimeter wave bands.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an antenna device for implementing a circularly polarized wave, comprising:

the short circuit surface is a metal surface;

the excitation end comprises a first excitation end and a second excitation end, the first excitation end and the second excitation end are arranged on the signal layer, the first excitation end outputs a first excitation signal, and the second excitation end outputs a second excitation signal;

the conductive cylinder array comprises a plurality of conductive cylinders which are parallel to each other, the conductive cylinders extend along a direction perpendicular to the short circuit surface, the conductive cylinders and the short circuit surface enclose a first cavity, and a first end of the conductive cylinder array is in contact with the short circuit surface;

the first excitation end and the second excitation end are both at least partially arranged in the first cavity, so that a first excitation signal output by the first excitation end and a second excitation signal output by the second excitation end can interact with the short circuit surface to generate circularly polarized waves, and the circularly polarized waves propagate towards the second end of the conductive cylinder array.

According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal have a phase angle difference, an excitation end included angle is formed between the first excitation end and the second excitation end, and the phase angle difference is equal to the excitation end included angle.

According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the short-circuited surface is a copper clad layer.

According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the conductive cylinder is a via, the first end, the inner wall, and the second end of the via are provided with metal layers, and the first end of the via is in contact with the short-circuit surface.

An antenna device implementing a circularly polarized wave according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a waveguide having a first end connected with a second end of the conductive cylinder array such that the circularly polarized wave transmitted via the conductive cylinder array can be radiated via the waveguide.

According to the antenna device for realizing the circularly polarized wave of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the waveguide is a cavity structure, and the shape of the first end of the waveguide is the same as the shape of the second end of the conductive cylinder array, so that the cavity of the first end of the waveguide is the same as the shape of the first cavity surrounded by the conductive cylinder array.

The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a multilayer circuit board including at least one signal layer, at least one ground layer, and at least one insulating medium layer, wherein the short-circuit surface is disposed on a certain ground layer, the excitation end is disposed on a certain signal layer, and the excitation end and the short-circuit surface are disposed on different layers of the multilayer circuit board.

According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer where the excitation end is located is disposed on the surface layer of the multilayer circuit board, and the multilayer circuit board forms an excitation end exposed region.

According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer where the excitation end is located is disposed in the middle layer of the multilayer circuit board, and the multilayer circuit board forms an excitation end exposed region.

According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and/or one or more ground layers are disposed between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the short-circuited surface, and a region surrounded by the conductive cylinder array between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the short-circuited surface is removed or is completely corroded to be an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and/or one or more ground layers are disposed between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the waveguide portion, and a region surrounded by the conductive cylinder array between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the waveguide portion is removed or is completely corroded to be an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna apparatus for realizing circularly polarized waves further includes a four-port coupler, a first port and a fourth port of the four-port coupler are respectively connected to a transmitting end and a receiving end of the radar radio frequency transceiver module, a second port of the four-port coupler is connected to the first excitation end, a third port of the four-port coupler is connected to the second excitation end, and the four-port coupler can generate the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal based on a microwave signal transmitted by the radar radio frequency transceiver module.

According to the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the four-port coupler performs gain processing on the echo signals received by the first excitation end and the second excitation end.

According to an antenna apparatus for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the four-port coupler is a dual-branch directional coupler.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a partial structural diagram of an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is another partial structural diagram of the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a conductive cylinder of an antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conductive cylinder array and a waveguide portion of an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-port coupler of an antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

110 signal layer

111 first excitation end

112 second excitation terminal

113 signal transmission line

120 short circuit surface

130 insulating medium

140 conductive cylinder array

141 conductive cylinder

150 waveguide part

160 multilayer circuit board

170 four-port coupler

1000 implement an antenna device for circularly polarized waves.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only the portions relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict. Technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

Unless otherwise indicated, the illustrated exemplary embodiments/examples are to be understood as providing exemplary features of various details of some ways in which the technical concepts of the present disclosure may be practiced. Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated, features of the various embodiments may be additionally combined, separated, interchanged, and/or rearranged without departing from the technical concept of the present disclosure.

The use of cross-hatching and/or shading in the drawings is generally used to clarify the boundaries between adjacent components. As such, unless otherwise noted, the presence or absence of cross-hatching or shading does not convey or indicate any preference or requirement for a particular material, material property, size, proportion, commonality between the illustrated components and/or any other characteristic, attribute, property, etc., of a component. Further, in the drawings, the size and relative sizes of components may be exaggerated for clarity and/or descriptive purposes. While example embodiments may be practiced differently, the specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two processes described consecutively may be performed substantially simultaneously or in reverse order to that described. In addition, like reference numerals denote like parts.

When an element is referred to as being "on" or "on," "connected to" or "coupled to" another element, it can be directly on, connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. However, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element, there are no intervening elements present. For purposes of this disclosure, the term "connected" may refer to physically, electrically, etc., and may or may not have intermediate components.

For descriptive purposes, the present disclosure may use spatially relative terms such as "below … …," below … …, "" below … …, "" below, "" above … …, "" above, "" … …, "" higher, "and" side (e.g., "in the sidewall") to describe one component's relationship to another (other) component as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, operation, and/or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below … …" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "below". Further, the devices may be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" and variations thereof are used in this specification, the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof are stated to be present but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof. It is also noted that, as used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and other similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as degree terms, and as such, are used to interpret inherent deviations in measured values, calculated values, and/or provided values that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

Fig. 1 is a partial structural diagram of an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is another partial structural diagram of the antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to the present disclosure. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a conductive cylinder of an antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conductive cylinder array and a waveguide portion of an antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-port coupler of an antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Hereinafter, an antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

An antenna device 1000 for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:

the short-circuit surface 120, the short-circuit surface 120 is all a metal surface;

a first excitation terminal 111 and a second excitation terminal 112, wherein the first excitation terminal 111 and the second excitation terminal 112 are disposed on the signal layer 110, the first excitation terminal 111 is configured to output a first excitation terminal signal and the second excitation terminal 112 is configured to output a second excitation signal;

the conductive cylinder array 140, the conductive cylinder array 140 includes a plurality of conductive cylinders 141 parallel to each other, the conductive cylinders 141 extend along a direction perpendicular to the short-circuit surface 120, the plurality of conductive cylinders 141 and the short-circuit surface 120 enclose a first cavity, and a first end of the conductive cylinder array 140 contacts the short-circuit surface 120;

the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are at least partially disposed in the first cavity, so that the first excitation signal output by the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation signal output by the second excitation end 112 can interact with the short-circuit surface 120 to generate a circularly polarized wave, and the circularly polarized wave propagates toward the second end of the conductive cylinder array 140.

The first cavity is preferably a cylindrical space region, the first cavity may also be an elliptic cylindrical annular space region, and may also be a rectangular parallelepiped space region, and those skilled in the art may adjust the shape of the conductive cylinder array 140 to form first cavities of different shapes, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first cavity described above is a cylindrical spatial region and the array of conductive cylinders 140 is an array of cylindrical conductive cylinders.

According to the antenna apparatus 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves according to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 all extend into the first cavity described above.

For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the present disclosure, it is preferable that the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are both metal wires. The first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are preferably made of a metal copper material, and those skilled in the art can adjust the materials of the first excitation end and the second excitation end, which all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

The first and second excitation signals output by the first and second excitation terminals 111 and 112 of the antenna apparatus 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the present disclosure interact with the short-circuit plane 120 to generate circularly polarized waves.

Wherein the shorting plane 120 may be grounded to serve as a ground plane, or the shorting plane 120 is disposed on the ground plane.

For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal have a phase angle difference, and an excitation end angle (i.e., a spatial geometric angle) is formed between the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112, and the phase angle difference is equal to the excitation end angle.

The first excitation signal and the second excitation signal are both electromagnetic wave signals (microwave signals). According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal have the same signal amplitude.

Preferably, the phase angle difference and the excitation end included angle are both 90 degrees.

According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the short-circuiting surface 120 described above is a copper clad layer.

In the antenna device 1000 for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to each of the above embodiments, the conductive cylinder 141 is preferably a via, the first end, the inner wall, and the second end of the via are each provided with a metal layer (preferably a copper clad layer), and the first end of the via is in contact with the short-circuited surface.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the conductive cylindrical body 141 of the antenna device 1000 for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 3, the conductive cylinder is a via, the main body of the conductive cylinder is made of a non-conductive material, a via is formed in the main body to form the via, and copper is coated on the first end surface, the inner wall, and the second end surface of the main body.

With the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the above-described respective embodiments, it is preferable that the first cavity described above is provided with the insulating medium 130 (microwave signal transmission medium).

Wherein the insulating medium 130 is disposed between the short-circuit surface 120 and the signal layer 110, and the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 described above at least partially extend into the insulating medium 130.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the insulating medium 130 is also preferably disposed within the vias of the via body, and/or in the peripheral space of the conductive barrel array 140.

According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the conductive cylinders 141 of the conductive cylinder array 140 are insulated from each other, the conductive cylinders 141 may be in close contact with each other, or a predetermined gap may be provided, and the insulating gap may be filled with the insulating medium 130.

With the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of each of the above embodiments, it is preferable that a waveguide 150 is further included, and a first end of the waveguide 150 is connected to a second end of the conductive cylinder array 140, so that circularly polarized waves transmitted via the conductive cylinder array 140 can be emitted via the waveguide 150.

Those skilled in the art can adjust the type, shape, material, etc. of the waveguide part 150 in the light of the technical solution of the present disclosure, and all fall into the protection scope of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1, according to the antenna device 1000 for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the waveguide 150 has a cavity structure, and the shape of the first end (the lower end in the figure) of the waveguide 150 is the same as the shape of the second end (the upper end of the conductive cylinder array 140 in the figure) of the conductive cylinder array 140, so that the cavity of the first end of the waveguide 150 is the same as the shape of the first cavity surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 and the short-circuiting surface 120.

Referring to fig. 1, according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the cavity of the first end (i.e., the lower half) of the waveguide 150 is parallel to the first cavity enclosed by the conductive cylinder array 140 and the short-circuiting surface 120.

Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of the conductive cylinder array 140 and the waveguide part 150 of the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves. Referring to fig. 1 and 4, preferably, the wall of the waveguide 150 has a thickness, and the inner diameter dimension of the wall of the first end of the waveguide 150 is larger than the inner diameter dimension of the conductive cylinder array 140 and smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the conductive cylinder array 140, so that the waveguide 150 is stacked on the conductive cylinder array to achieve the connection of the waveguide 150 with the conductive cylinder 141, and thus the connection of the waveguide 150 with the short-circuiting surface 120 through the conductive cylinder 141.

Preferably, the second end (the illustrated upper end) of the waveguide 150 of the present disclosure is in a horn shape, and referring to fig. 1, the outer wall surface of the waveguide 150 is a cylindrical surface, the lower portion of the inner wall surface of the waveguide 150 is a cylindrical surface, and the upper portion is a circular table surface, so as to form the waveguide 150 in a horn-shaped structure.

For the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the antenna device further includes a multilayer circuit board 160, and the multilayer circuit board 160 includes at least one signal layer, at least one ground layer, and at least one insulating medium layer, wherein the short-circuit surface 120 is disposed on a certain ground layer, the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are disposed on a certain signal layer, and the excitation end (including the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112) and the short-circuit surface 120 are respectively disposed on different layers of the multilayer circuit board 160.

According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing a circularly polarized wave of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer 110 where the first and second excitation ends 111 and 112 are located is disposed on the first circuit board layer of the multilayer circuit board 160, the short-circuiting surface 120 is disposed on the second circuit board layer of the multilayer circuit board 160, and a portion of the second circuit board layer surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 is filled with a metal layer (preferably a copper-clad layer) to form the short-circuiting surface 120.

According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves according to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer 110 where the first excitation terminal 111 and the second excitation terminal 112 are located is disposed on a surface layer (shown as an upper surface layer) of the multilayer circuit board 160, and the multilayer circuit board 160 forms an excitation terminal exposure region.

In this embodiment, the signal layer 110 is disposed on the surface layer of the multilayer circuit board 160, referring to fig. 1, the outer edge of the first end of the waveguide 150 is connected to the multilayer circuit board 160, and the inner edge of the first end of the waveguide 150 is in contact with the conductive cylinder array 140, so that one or two openings (two openings are preferably configured in the present disclosure, and fig. 2 shows two openings) are opened at the corresponding positions of the waveguide 150 corresponding to the signal transmission lines 113 for connecting the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112, so that the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 enter the first cavity described above.

In the antenna apparatus 1000 for implementing circularly polarized waves according to this embodiment, it is required to ensure that media (insulating media) are all the rest of the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 located in the first cavity are located, except for the two excitation ends and the two corresponding signal transmission lines, and meanwhile, the portions between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 are also all media (insulating media), as shown in fig. 1, the two excitation ends on the first circuit board layer and the portions between the two corresponding signal transmission lines and the short-circuit surface 120 (excitation end exposed regions) are filled with microwave signal propagation media (insulating media), so that microwave signals (the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal) transmitted by the two excitation ends on the signal layer 110 can pass through the media (insulating media) to reach the short-circuit surface 120, and act with the short-circuit surface 120 to generate circularly polarized waves. However, the region between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 may be hollowed to have a hollow structure.

According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves according to another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal layer 110 where the first and second excitation terminals 111 and 112 are located is disposed at an intermediate layer of the multilayer circuit board 160, and the multilayer circuit board 160 forms an excitation terminal exposure region.

In the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves according to the present embodiment, the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located is disposed in the middle layer of the multilayer circuit board 160, and an opening does not need to be formed at a corresponding position of the waveguide portion 150 corresponding to the signal transmission line 113 for connecting the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112.

In this embodiment, it is also required to ensure that the rest of the signal layer 110 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 located in the first cavity are media (insulating media) except the two excitation ends and the two corresponding signal transmission lines, and the part between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 is also media (microwave signal transmission media), so that the microwave signals (the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal) transmitted by the two excitation ends on the signal layer 110 can pass through the media to reach the short-circuit surface 120, and interact with the short-circuit surface 120 to generate circularly polarized waves. However, the region between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 may be hollowed to have a hollow structure.

According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and/or one or more ground layers are disposed between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located, and a region surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 between the signal layer 110 and the short-circuit surface 120 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located is removed (e.g., hollowed out to form a hollow structure) or is completely corroded to form an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

According to the antenna device 1000 for realizing circularly polarized waves in accordance with the still another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more insulating dielectric layers, one or more signal layers and/or one or more ground layers are disposed between the signal layer 110 and the waveguide portion 150 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located, and a region surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 between the signal layer 110 and the waveguide portion 150 where the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 are located is removed (e.g., hollowed out to form a hollow structure) or is entirely etched to form an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

For the antenna device 1000 for implementing circularly polarized waves according to each of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the antenna device further includes a four-port coupler 170, a first port and a fourth port of the four-port coupler 170 are respectively connected to a transmitting end and a receiving end of a radar radio frequency transceiver module (not shown), a second port of the four-port coupler 170 is connected to the first excitation end 111, a third port of the four-port coupler 170 is connected to the second excitation end 112, and the four-port coupler 170 can generate a first excitation signal and a second excitation signal based on a microwave signal transmitted by the radar radio frequency transceiver module.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second port of the four-port coupler 170 is connected to the first excitation terminal 111 via the signal transmission line 113, and the third port of the four-port coupler 170 is connected to the second excitation terminal 112 via the signal transmission line 113.

The radar rf transceiver module may be disposed on the multi-layer circuit board 160, or may be disposed on another circuit board other than the multi-layer circuit board 160.

According to the antenna apparatus 1000 for implementing circularly polarized waves in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the four-port coupler 170 described above performs gain processing on the echo signals received by the first excitation end 111 and the second excitation end 112 to generate gain-processed echo signals for the radar radio frequency transceiver module to use.

According to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the waveguide part 150 is closely attached to the surface of the multilayer circuit board 160, and is used for transmitting the generated circularly polarized wave to the outside and receiving the echo signal generated after the circularly polarized wave meets the object to be measured.

The waveguide part 150 may be provided with screw holes, the multilayer circuit board 160 is provided with holes, and the multilayer circuit board 160 and the waveguide part 150 are fixedly connected by screws. Other connection methods may be used by those skilled in the art to connect the waveguide 150 and the multilayer circuit board 160, and are within the scope of the present disclosure.

Preferably, the signal transmission line 113 and the four-port coupler 170 described above are both disposed on the signal layer 110 described above.

Preferably, the two excitation terminals, the two signal transmission lines, and the four-port coupler of the circular polarized wave implementing antenna device 1000 of the present disclosure are formed of metal wires.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, the space surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 is provided with two openings (or one opening may be provided), so that the two excitation ends and a part of the transmission line enter the space surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140 through the openings, and the two excitation ends are surrounded by the conductive cylinder array 140.

The operation of the four-port coupler 170 of the antenna device 1000 for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to fig. 5.

In fig. 5, the end a is a first port, the end B is a second port, the end C is a third port, and the end D is a fourth port.

The microwave signal sent by the radar radio frequency transceiver module can be frequency-modulated continuous wave, and the frequency range of the microwave signal can be 24-200 Ghz.

The distance between the first and second excitation ends 111 and 112 and the short-circuited surface 120 needs to be matched to the frequency of the microwave signal.

The four-port coupler 170 operates as follows:

when the signal is input from the A terminal, the D terminal is an isolation terminal, the B terminal outputs 1/2 signal, the C terminal outputs 1/2 signal, the amplitude of the signal output from the B terminal is the same as that of the signal output from the C terminal, but the phase difference of the signals output from the B terminal and the C terminal is 90 degrees.

When the signal is input from the terminal D, the terminal A is an isolated terminal, the terminal C outputs 1/2 signals, the terminal B outputs 1/2 signals, the amplitude of the signals output by the terminal C and the terminal B is the same, but the phase difference of the signals output by the terminal C and the terminal B is 90 degrees.

When signals are input from the terminal B, the terminal C is an isolation terminal, the terminal A outputs 1/2 signals, the terminal D outputs 1/2 signals, the amplitudes of the signals output by the terminal A and the terminal D are the same, and the phase difference between the signals output by the terminal A and the terminal D is 90 degrees.

When the signal is input from the terminal C, the terminal B is an isolation terminal, the terminal D outputs 1/2 signals, the terminal A outputs 1/2 signals, the amplitudes of the signals output by the terminal D and the terminal A are the same, but the phase difference between the signals output by the terminal D and the terminal A is 90 degrees.

According to the present disclosure, a transmitting end of a radar radio frequency transceiver module is connected to an end a of a four-port coupler 170, a receiving end of the radar radio frequency transceiver module is connected to an end D of the four-port coupler 170, an end B and an end C are respectively connected to two excitation ends (a first excitation end and a second excitation end), and two microwave signals having the same signal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees are emitted from the two excitation ends perpendicular to each other to form a circularly polarized beam and are transmitted to the outside through the waveguide portion 150 described above. The specific principle is as follows:

when a signal is input from the A terminal, the signal input from the A terminal to the D terminal is the sum of the signals from the A terminal to the D terminal directly and through the B → C → D channel, because the A → D channel is different from the A → B → C → D channel by odd number of 1/2 wavelengths, the phases are opposite, and the sum is 0, so the signal input from the A terminal to the D terminal is 0.

When signals are input from the A terminal, the B terminal outputs signals, namely the A terminal directly reaches the B terminal, and the A passes through the sum VB (A → B) of two paths of signals D → C → B.

When a signal is input from the A terminal, the C terminal outputs a signal of the sum VC (A → C) of the two signals A → B → C and A → D → C.

The four port coupler 170 ensures that the signals VB (A → B) and VC (A → C) are of the same amplitude and 90 out of phase.

When the transmitted circularly polarized wave meets the object to be measured, an echo signal is formed, is also transmitted through the waveguide part 150, is received by the end B and the end C of the four-port coupler 170, and is output to the receiving end of the radar radio frequency transceiver module from the end D, so that the signal gain is realized. The specific principle is as follows:

when two signals with 90-degree phase difference are input at the terminal B and the terminal C, namely the terminal B inputs VB '(0 degree), the terminal C inputs VC' (90 degrees), and the amplitudes of the VB '(0 degree) and the VC' (90 degrees) are the same. In the case where V (0 °) is input to the B terminal alone, and VC '(90 °) is not input to the C terminal, the a terminal outputs VA' (α +0 °), α being the phase delay; the D terminal outputs VD' (α +90 °).

In the case where VC' (90 °) is input to the C terminal alone, and V (0 °) is not input to the B terminal, VD "(α +90 °) and VA" (α +180 °) are output from the D terminal.

Therefore, when VB ' (0 °) is input to the B terminal, VC ' (90 °) is input to the C terminal, and the magnitudes of VB ' (0 °) and VC ' (90 °) are the same, the a terminal output is VA ' (α +0 °) + VA "(α +180 °) is 0; the D-side output is VD' (α +90 °) + VD "(α +90 °) to 2 × V (α +90 °). I.e. a gain of the signal is achieved.

The antenna device for realizing the circularly polarized wave can be used for millimeter wave bands, and is simple in structure, easy to process, small in loss and high in gain.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/mode," "some embodiments/modes," "example," "specific example" or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/mode or example is included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to be the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/aspects or examples and features of the various embodiments/aspects or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically limited otherwise.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of illustration of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other variations or modifications may occur to those skilled in the art, based on the foregoing disclosure, and are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (14)

1. An antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave, comprising:

the short circuit surface is a metal surface;

the excitation end comprises a first excitation end and a second excitation end, the first excitation end and the second excitation end are arranged on the signal layer, the first excitation end outputs a first excitation signal, and the second excitation end outputs a second excitation signal; and

the conductive cylinder array comprises a plurality of conductive cylinders which are parallel to each other, the conductive cylinders extend along a direction perpendicular to the short circuit surface, the conductive cylinders and the short circuit surface enclose a first cavity, and a first end of the conductive cylinder array is in contact with the short circuit surface;

the first excitation end and the second excitation end are both at least partially arranged in the first cavity, so that a first excitation signal output by the first excitation end and a second excitation signal output by the second excitation end can interact with the short circuit surface to generate circularly polarized waves, and the circularly polarized waves propagate towards the second end of the conductive cylinder array.

2. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 1, wherein the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal have a phase angle difference, an excitation end included angle is formed between the first excitation end and the second excitation end, and the phase angle difference is equal to the excitation end included angle.

3. The antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to claim 1, wherein the short-circuited surface is a copper clad layer.

4. The antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to claim 1, wherein the conductive cylinder is a via body, and the first end portion, the inner wall portion, and the second end portion of the via body are each provided with a metal layer, and the first end portion of the via body is in contact with the short-circuiting surface.

5. The antenna device for realizing a circularly polarized wave according to any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a waveguide, a first end of the waveguide being connected with a second end of the array of conductive cylinders, such that the circularly polarized wave transmitted via the array of conductive cylinders can be launched via the waveguide.

6. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 5, wherein the waveguide has a cavity structure, and the first end of the waveguide has the same shape as the second end of the array of conductive cylinders, so that the cavity of the first end of the waveguide has the same shape as the first cavity surrounded by the array of conductive cylinders.

7. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 5, further comprising a multilayer circuit board including at least one signal layer, at least one ground layer, and at least one insulating medium layer, wherein the short-circuiting surface is provided on a certain ground layer, the excitation terminal is provided on a certain signal layer, and the excitation terminal and the short-circuiting surface are provided on different layers of the multilayer circuit board.

8. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 7, wherein the signal layer on which the excitation terminal is located is provided on a surface layer of the multilayer circuit board, and the multilayer circuit board forms an excitation terminal exposed region.

9. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 7, wherein the signal layer on which the excitation terminal is located is provided in an intermediate layer of the multilayer circuit board, and the multilayer circuit board forms an excitation terminal exposed region.

10. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and/or one or more ground layers are disposed between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the short-circuited surface, and a region surrounded by the conductive cylinder array between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the short-circuited surface is removed or is completely corroded to be an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

11. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein one or more insulating medium layers, one or more signal layers and/or one or more ground layers are disposed between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the waveguide portion, and a region surrounded by the conductive cylinder array between the signal layer where the first excitation end and the second excitation end are located and the waveguide portion is removed or is completely corroded to be an insulating medium for transmission of microwave signals.

12. The antenna apparatus for implementing circularly polarized waves according to claim 1, further comprising a four-port coupler, wherein a first port and a fourth port of the four-port coupler are respectively connected to a transmitting end and a receiving end of the radar rf transceiver module, a second port of the four-port coupler is connected to the first excitation end, a third port of the four-port coupler is connected to the second excitation end, and the four-port coupler is capable of generating the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal based on a microwave signal transmitted by the radar rf transceiver module.

13. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 12, wherein the four-port coupler performs gain processing on the echo signals received by the first and second excitation ports.

14. The antenna device for realizing circularly polarized waves according to claim 12, wherein said four-port coupler is a two-branch directional coupler.

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