CN217131266U - Air chamber of circulating fluidized bed boiler and circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses plenum and circulating fluidized bed boiler of circulating fluidized bed boiler, this plenum includes: a housing having an air inlet side and an air outlet side; the air distribution plate is arranged in the shell and provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, the first surface faces the air inlet side, and the second surface faces the air outlet side; the air guide pipe is arranged on the air distribution plate, the first end of the air guide pipe is positioned on the air inlet side, the second end of the air guide pipe is positioned on the air outlet side, and the second end is provided with a first air outlet; the hood is arranged on the air distribution plate, is positioned on the air outlet side, is sleeved outside the second end of the air guide pipe and is provided with a second air outlet; the movable baffle is arranged between the second end of the air guide pipe and the blast cap; and the driving mechanism is arranged in the shell and is connected with the movable baffle plate, and the driving mechanism drives the movable baffle plate to move so as to adjust the air inflow of the air chamber. The air inlet quantity can not be controlled by the scheme.

Description

Air chamber of circulating fluidized bed boiler and circulating fluidized bed boiler

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of boilers, and particularly relates to an air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler and the circulating fluidized bed boiler.

Background

The circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts a clean coal combustion technology with the highest industrialization degree, adopts fluidized combustion, has the biggest difference with the bubbling fluidized bed combustion technology that the running wind speed is high, strengthens heterogeneous reaction processes such as combustion, desulfurization and the like, can expand the boiler capacity to a large capacity acceptable for the power industry, well solves the basic problems of thermology, mechanics, materials and the like and the engineering problems of expansion, abrasion, over temperature and the like, and becomes an advanced technology for utilizing the energy of the difficult-to-combust solid fuel.

The air chamber of the existing circulating fluidized bed boiler is provided with an air cap which is used as an air distribution element, the performance of the air cap has great significance for the safe operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, but the air cap cannot control the air inflow, and the air inflow can be influenced when the air flow in an air guide pipe fluctuates, so that the excessive air coefficient of a main combustion area cannot meet the requirement of low-nitrogen combustion, the fluidization quality of the boiler is finally influenced, and the boiler is not favorable for long-period stable and safe operation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The purpose of the embodiment of the application is to provide an air chamber of a circulating fluidized bed boiler and the circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the problem that the air inflow cannot be controlled can be solved.

In order to solve the technical problem, the present application is implemented as follows:

the embodiment of the application provides a plenum of circulating fluidized bed boiler, it includes:

a housing having an air inlet side and an air outlet side;

the air distribution plate is arranged in the shell and provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, the first surface faces the air inlet side, and the second surface faces the air outlet side;

the air guide pipe is arranged on the air distribution plate, the first end of the air guide pipe is positioned on the air inlet side, the second end of the air guide pipe is positioned on the air outlet side, and the second end is provided with a first air outlet;

the hood is arranged on the air distribution plate, is positioned on the air outlet side, is sleeved outside the second end of the air guide pipe and is provided with a second air outlet;

the movable baffle is arranged between the second end of the air guide pipe and the blast cap;

the driving mechanism is arranged in the shell and connected with the movable baffle plate, and the driving mechanism drives the movable baffle plate to move so as to adjust the air inflow of the air chamber.

The embodiment of the application also discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises a boiler body, an ignition device and an air chamber, wherein the air chamber is communicated with the boiler body, the ignition device is arranged in the air chamber, and the air chamber is the air chamber.

In the embodiment of the application, the movable baffle is arranged in the air chamber and can move, so that at least one part of the second air outlets of the hood can be shielded, and when the position of the movable baffle is different, the second air outlets shielded by the movable baffle are also different, so that the air inflow of the air chamber can be adjusted, and the long-period stable and safe operation of a boiler is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of the plenum at different locations, respectively, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a plenum as disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism and a transmission assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

100-wind chamber, 110-shell, 120-wind distribution plate, 121-second surface, 122-chute, 130-wind guide pipe, 131-first wind outlet, 140-wind cap, 141-second wind outlet, 142-fixed block, 150-movable baffle, 151-accommodating groove, 160-driving mechanism, 161-driving source, 162-driving gear, 163-driving rack, 164-first driving shaft, 165-second driving shaft, 170-transmission assembly, 171-box, 172-first transmission shaft, 173-first conical driving gear, 174-second conical driving gear, 175-first conical driven gear, 176-second conical driven gear, 177-second transmission shaft, 178-first driven spur gear, 179-second driven spur gear, 180-threaded fasteners, 190-support blocks;

200-furnace body;

300-ignition means.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, "and/or" in the specification and claims means at least one of connected objects, a character "/" generally means that a preceding and succeeding related objects are in an "or" relationship.

The following describes in detail the plenum of the circulating fluidized bed boiler provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present application discloses a plenum 100 of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which includes a housing 110, an air distribution plate 120, an air guide duct 130, a hood 140, a movable baffle 150, and a driving mechanism 160.

The housing 110 is a main structure of the plenum 100, which can provide a mounting base for other components, and the housing 110 has an air inlet side and an air outlet side, where the air inlet side refers to a side where air enters the plenum 100, and the air outlet side refers to a side where air exits the plenum 100 and enters the furnace body 200.

The air distribution plate 120 is disposed in the housing 110, the air distribution plate 120 has a first surface and a second surface 121 opposite to each other, the first surface faces the air inlet side, and the second surface 121 faces the air outlet side. That is, the air distribution plate 120 can divide the inner cavity of the housing 110 into two parts, one part is located at the air inlet side, and the other part is located at the air outlet side.

The air guide duct 130 is used for guiding air into the plenum 100, the air guide duct 130 is disposed on the air distribution plate 120, a first end of the air guide duct 130 is located at the air inlet side, and a second end of the air guide duct 130 is located at the air outlet side, so that the air can flow from the air inlet side to the air outlet side. The second end of the air duct 130 is provided with a first air outlet 131, and the air in the air duct 130 can reach the air outlet side through the first air outlet 131. Alternatively, the first air outlet 131 may be disposed in a plurality in the circumferential direction of the air guiding pipe 130, and the first air outlet 131 may also be disposed in a plurality in the axial direction of the air guiding pipe 130.

The hood 140 is disposed on the wind distribution plate 120, the hood 140 is located on the wind outlet side, the hood 140 is sleeved outside the second end of the wind guide tube 130, the hood 140 is provided with a second wind outlet 141, and the second wind outlet 141 is communicated with the first wind outlet 131, so that the air flowing out of the first wind outlet 131 can flow out through the second wind outlet 141, and the air can further enter the furnace body 200. Alternatively, the second air outlet 141 may be provided in plurality in the circumferential direction of the hood 140, and the second air outlet 141 may also be provided in plurality in the axial direction of the hood 140.

The movable baffle 150 is disposed between the second end of the air duct 130 and the hood 140, that is, one surface of the movable baffle 150 faces the first air outlet 131, and the other surface of the movable baffle 150 faces the second air outlet 141. Alternatively, the ends of the flapper 150 may be spaced apart, i.e., the flapper 150 may be a non-annular structure, and in other embodiments, the flapper 150 may also be an annular structure. The driving mechanism 160 is disposed in the housing 110, the driving mechanism 160 is connected to the movable baffle 150, and the driving mechanism 160 drives the movable baffle 150 to move to adjust the amount of air taken from the plenum 100. When the driving mechanism 160 drives the movable baffle 150 to move, the movable baffle 150 can shield at least a part of the second air outlet 141 of the hood 140, and when the position of the movable baffle 150 is different, the second air outlet 141 shielded by the movable baffle 150 is also different (specifically, the second air outlet 141 at different positions, and the second air outlets 141 at different positions may have different sizes, or the second air outlets 141 at different numbers), so that the air inflow of the plenum 100 can be adjusted, which is favorable for the long-period stable and safe operation of the boiler. In addition, the movable baffle 150 can prevent impurities from entering the wind chamber 100, further contributing to the long-term stable and safe operation of the boiler.

As described above, in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the hood 140, the second outlets 141 may be provided in plural, so that the movable baffle 150 may move in the circumferential direction of the hood 140, thereby achieving the purpose of shielding different second outlets 141 to adjust the air intake amount, but because the height of the hood 140 is limited, the number of the second outlets 141 arranged in the axial direction of the hood 140 is small, and the number of the second outlets 141 that can be shielded by a single movement of the movable baffle 150 is limited, so that the adjustment effect of the structure on the air intake amount is not ideal. Therefore, in other embodiments, a direction in which the inlet air side extends toward the outlet air side may be defined as a first direction, and the first direction may be parallel to the axial direction of the air guide duct 130 and the hood 140. In the first direction, the hood 140 is provided with a plurality of second outlet ports 141, and the driving mechanism 160 drives the movable flap 150 to move in the first direction. This embodiment enables the movable baffle 150 to shield more second air outlets 141 when moving a single time, thereby improving the adjustment effect of the air intake amount.

If there is a gap between the flap 150 and the inner surface of the hood 140, the flap 150 cannot block the second outlet 141, so that a small amount of air still can flow out through the second outlet 141 blocked by the flap 150, and thus the amount of intake air cannot be accurately adjusted. Based on this, the movable baffle 150 can be attached to the inner surface of the hood 140, so that the movable baffle 150 can substantially completely block the second air outlet 141 which needs to be blocked, thereby more accurately adjusting the air inflow. Meanwhile, a gap is formed between the movable baffle 150 and the outer surface of the air guide tube 130, so that the movable baffle 150 does not shield the first air outlet 131, and air can flow out through the first air outlet 131 more smoothly. In addition, after the arrangement, the air inlet amount can be controlled only by controlling the degree of the movable baffle 150 shielding the second air outlet 141, and the influence of the first air outlet 131 on the air inlet amount does not need to be basically considered, so that the control of the air chamber 100 can be simplified.

The driving mechanism 160 may be provided at any position of the plenum 100 as long as the driving mechanism 160 can drive the flapper 150. In view of the fact that the flapper 150 is disposed between the duct 130 and the hood 140, the driving mechanism 160 may be disposed between the duct 130 and the hood 140 in order to simplify the driving mechanism 160. Optionally, the second end of the air guiding pipe 130 has an outer top surface, and the driving mechanism 160 is disposed on the outer top surface, because there is no other component between the outer top surface of the air guiding pipe 130 and the movable baffle 150, the outer top surface is closer to the movable baffle 150, and the movable baffle 150 and the driving mechanism 160 are not blocked by other components, so as to facilitate the setting of the driving mechanism 160, and at the same time, the driving path can be shortened, so as to improve the transmission efficiency.

In an alternative embodiment, the driving mechanism 160 may include a driving source 161, a driving gear 162 and a driving rack 163, the driving rack 163 is disposed on the movable baffle 150, the driving gear 162 is connected to the driving source 161, and the driving gear 162 is engaged with the driving rack 163, so that the driving source 161 can drive the driving gear 162 to rotate, and the driving gear 162 further drives the driving rack 163 to move, thereby moving the movable baffle 150. Alternatively, the driving source 161 here may be a motor or other devices that can output driving force, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. Compared with transmission modes such as belt transmission and the like, the mode of transmitting acting force by the driving gear 162 and the driving rack 163 has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, high transmission precision, long service life and the like.

The driving rack 163 may be provided at an end of the flapper 150 or at an inner surface of the flapper 150. In other embodiments, the inner surface of the movable baffle 150 is provided with an accommodating groove 151, the driving rack 163 is disposed in the accommodating groove 151, the driving gear 162 is located in the accommodating groove 151, and the driving gear 162 is in limit fit with the accommodating groove 151. The arrangement can utilize the space of the movable baffle 150 to arrange the driving rack 163, so that the driving rack 163 does not occupy extra space, thereby improving the structural compactness of the plenum 100; on the other hand, the receiving groove 151 may be in limit-fitting engagement with the driving gear 162 to assist in limiting the position of the driving gear 162, so that the driving gear 162 rotates more stably to drive the flapper 150 to move more effectively, while reducing noise.

The accommodating groove 151, the driving rack 163 and the driving gear 162 may be only arranged in one group, but in order to improve the stability of the movable baffle 150 when moving and prevent the movable baffle 150 from being stuck, the accommodating groove 151, the driving rack 163 and the driving gear 162 may be arranged in two groups, and the two groups of accommodating groove 151, the driving rack 163 and the driving gear 162 are arranged in the radial direction of the hood 140, so that the two groups of driving rack 163 and the driving gear 162 can simultaneously apply more uniformly distributed acting force to the movable baffle 150, thereby achieving the aforementioned effects. Further alternatively, the driving mechanism 160 further includes a first driving shaft 164 and a second driving shaft 165, the first driving shaft 164 and the second driving shaft 165 are both connected to the driving source 161, and the first driving shaft 164 and the second driving shaft 165 are respectively connected to the two sets of driving gears 162. That is, the first driving shaft 164 and the second driving shaft 165 may be simultaneously driven to rotate by the same driving source 161 without providing a plurality of driving sources 161, and thus this scheme may reduce components included in the plenum 100, thereby reducing the cost of the plenum 100.

In order to prevent the first driving shaft 164 and the second driving shaft 165 from being suspended to affect the effective driving of the movable baffle 150, the supporting blocks 190 may be disposed on both the first driving shaft 164 and the second driving shaft 165, and the supporting blocks 190 may abut against the outer top surface of the air guiding duct 130, so that the supporting blocks 190 may stably support the first driving shaft 164 and the second driving shaft 165, and prevent the first driving shaft 164 and the second driving shaft 165 from shaking and failing to effectively drive the movable baffle 150 to move.

In order to simultaneously drive the first and second drive shafts 164 and 165 to rotate by the same drive source 161, the plenum 100 may further include a transmission assembly 170, and the transmission assembly 170 may include a housing 171, a first transmission shaft 172, a first tapered driving gear 173, a second tapered driving gear 174, a first tapered driven gear 175, a second tapered driven gear 176, a second transmission shaft 177, a first driven spur gear 178, and a second driven spur gear 179. The case 171 is disposed on the outer top surface of the second end of the air duct 130, the driving source 161 is disposed on the outer surface of the case 171, the first transmission shaft 172 and the second transmission shaft 177 are both disposed in the case 171, the first tapered driving gear 173 and the second tapered driving gear 174 are both disposed on the first transmission shaft 172, the first tapered driven gear 175 is engaged with the first tapered driving gear 173, the first tapered driven gear 175 is disposed at one end of the first driving shaft 164, a portion of the first driving shaft 164 is disposed in the case 171, the second tapered driven gear 176 is engaged with the second tapered driving gear 174, the second tapered driven gear 176 is disposed on the second transmission shaft 177, the first driven spur gear 178 is disposed at one end of the second transmission shaft 177, and is located outside the case 171, the second driven spur gear 179 is engaged with the first driven spur gear 178, and the second driven spur gear 179 is provided at one end of the second drive shaft 165. The driving source 161 can drive the first transmission shaft 172 to rotate, the first transmission shaft 172 drives the first conical driving gear 173 and the second conical driving gear 174 to rotate at the same time, the first conical driving gear 173 and the second conical driving gear 174 drive the first conical driven gear 175 and the second conical driven gear 176 to rotate respectively, the first conical driven gear 175 drives the first driving shaft 164 to rotate, the second conical driven gear 176 drives the second transmission shaft 177 to rotate, the second transmission shaft 177 drives the second driven spur gear 179 to rotate through the first driven spur gear 178, so as to drive the second driving shaft 165 to rotate.

When the flapper 150 is provided with the receiving groove 151, one end of the first driving shaft 164 may pass through the open side of the receiving groove 151 and be connected to the driving gear 162.

The hood 140 can be directly fixed on the grid plate 120 by fasteners, but the arrangement needs a plurality of fasteners to connect different positions of the hood 140 and the grid plate 120, so that the disassembly and assembly operation of the hood 140 is too complicated. In order to solve the problem, a sliding groove 122 may be disposed on the second surface 121 of the wind distribution plate 120, the sliding groove 122 is an annular groove, the sliding groove 122 is provided with an opening, and a limiting block is disposed on the outer surface of the hood 140, and may enter the sliding groove 122 through the opening and be in limiting fit with the sliding groove 122. When the hood 140 is installed, the limiting block and the opening can be aligned firstly, then the limiting block enters the sliding groove 122 through the opening, and then the hood 140 can be rotated, so that the limiting block is in limited fit with the sliding groove 122, and the hood 140 can be connected with the grid plate 120. The reverse operation is only required when the hood 140 is removed, and the details are not repeated herein. Thus, the hood 140 can be attached and detached only by performing a simple rotation operation, thereby simplifying the attaching and detaching operation of the hood 140.

If the connection between the hood 140 and the grid plate 120 is realized only by the cooperation of the above-mentioned stopper and the chute 122, once the hood 140 slides relative to the grid plate 120, the separation of the hood 140 from the grid plate 120 is likely to occur. Therefore, further, the second surface 121 of the grid plate 120 is further provided with a threaded hole, the outer surface of the hood 140 is further provided with a fixing block 142, and the threaded fastener 180 penetrates through the fixing block 142 and is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole, thereby securely and fixedly connecting the hood 140 and the grid plate 120. The threaded hole, the fixing block 142 and the threaded fastener 180 can be only one, so that the installation requirement of the hood 140 can be met, the installation operation of the hood 140 is not complicated, and meanwhile, the connection reliability of the hood 140 and the wind distribution plate 120 can be improved.

The embodiment of the application also discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises a boiler body 200, an ignition device 300 and an air chamber 100, wherein the air chamber 100 is communicated with the boiler body 200, the ignition device 300 is arranged on the air chamber 100, and the air chamber 100 is the air chamber 100 in any embodiment.

While the present embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments described above, which are meant to be illustrative and not restrictive, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A plenum for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising:

a housing (110), the housing (110) having an air inlet side and an air outlet side;

the air distribution plate (120), the air distribution plate (120) is arranged in the shell (110), the air distribution plate (120) is provided with a first surface and a second surface (121) which are opposite, the first surface faces the air inlet side, and the second surface (121) faces the air outlet side;

the air guide pipe (130) is arranged on the air distribution plate (120), the first end of the air guide pipe (130) is located on the air inlet side, the second end of the air guide pipe (130) is located on the air outlet side, and the second end is provided with a first air outlet (131);

the hood (140) is arranged on the wind distribution plate (120), the hood (140) is located on the wind outlet side, the hood (140) is sleeved outside the second end of the wind guide pipe (130), and the hood (140) is provided with a second wind outlet (141);

the movable baffle (150) is arranged between the second end of the air guide pipe (130) and the blast cap (140);

the driving mechanism (160) is arranged in the shell (110), the driving mechanism (160) is connected with the movable baffle (150), and the driving mechanism (160) drives the movable baffle (150) to move so as to adjust the air inflow of the air chamber.

2. The plenum of claim 1, wherein the direction in which the inlet air side extends toward the outlet air side is a first direction in which the hood (140) is provided with the second plurality of outlet air ports (141), and the driving mechanism (160) drives the movable baffle (150) to move in the first direction.

3. The plenum of claim 1, wherein the flapper (150) is attached to an inner surface of the hood (140) with a gap between the flapper (150) and an outer surface of the duct (130).

4. The plenum of claim 1, wherein the second end of the air-guide duct (130) has an outer top surface, the drive mechanism (160) being disposed on the outer top surface.

5. The plenum of claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism (160) comprises a driving source (161), a driving gear (162), and a driving rack (163), the driving rack (163) being provided to the flapper (150), the driving gear (162) being connected to the driving source (161), the driving gear (162) being engaged with the driving rack (163).

6. The plenum of claim 5, wherein the flapper (150) is provided with a receiving slot (151), the drive rack (163) is disposed in the receiving slot (151), the drive gear (162) is located in the receiving slot (151), and the drive gear (162) is in limit fit with the receiving slot (151).

7. The plenum of claim 6, wherein the receiving groove (151), the driving rack (163), and the driving gear (162) are provided in two sets, the two sets of the receiving groove (151), the driving rack (163), and the driving gear (162) are arranged in a radial direction of the hood (140), the driving mechanism (160) further comprises a first driving shaft (164) and a second driving shaft (165), the first driving shaft (164) and the second driving shaft (165) are connected to the driving source (161), and the first driving shaft (164) and the second driving shaft (165) are connected to the two sets of the driving gear (162), respectively.

8. The plenum of claim 1, wherein the second face (121) of the air distribution plate (120) is provided with a sliding groove (122), the sliding groove (122) is provided with an opening, and the outer surface of the hood (140) is provided with a stopper, and the stopper enters the sliding groove (122) through the opening and is in limit fit with the sliding groove (122).

9. The plenum of claim 8, wherein the second face (121) of the air distribution plate (120) is further provided with a threaded hole, the outer surface of the hood (140) is further provided with a fixing block (142), and a threaded fastener (180) passes through the fixing block (142) and is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole.

10. A circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising a furnace body (200), an ignition device (300) and a plenum, wherein the plenum is communicated with the furnace body (200), the ignition device (300) is arranged in the plenum, and the plenum is the plenum of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images