CN217127005U - Advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater - Google Patents
Advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN217127005U CN217127005U CN202220741578.2U CN202220741578U CN217127005U CN 217127005 U CN217127005 U CN 217127005U CN 202220741578 U CN202220741578 U CN 202220741578U CN 217127005 U CN217127005 U CN 217127005U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste water treatment, concretely relates to rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system. The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater comprises an electrolytic tank, electrolytic electrodes in the electrolytic tank are arranged in parallel, a positive electrode of a power supply is connected with an anode plate, a negative electrode of the power supply is connected with a cathode plate, the electrolytic tank is communicated with the bottom of a separation tank, and a ceramic flat membrane is immersed in the separation tank; the ceramic flat membrane is connected with a water producing pump; the bottom of the electrolytic cell is provided with a perforated pipe which is connected with an ozone generator; powder catalyst is filled between the polar plates. The utility model has the advantages of scientific and reasonable design, easy operation is convenient, has more efficient denitrogenation and decarbonization ability, has apparent economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste water treatment, concretely relates to rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system.
Background
Rare earth is a name of 'industrial vitamin', and is now an extremely important strategic resource. The rare earth element oxide refers to 15 lanthanide element oxides with atomic numbers of 57 to 71 in the periodic table of elements, and 17 element oxides of scandium and yttrium with similar chemical properties to the lanthanide elements. Rare earth can produce a large amount of radioactive waste water in the production process, and because the radioactive waste water contains different harmful substances, the waste water can reach the standard and be discharged after being treated for many times.
In the prior art, lime is generally adopted for deep defluorination after neutralization, radioactive elements and fluoride ions of wastewater after defluorination can generally reach the emission index, but nitrate (total nitrogen) and organic matters (total organic carbon) still exceed the emission, so how to carry out deep treatment on the defluorination wastewater to ensure that the Total Nitrogen (TN) and total organic matter (TOC) contents of the wastewater reach the emission index of the first-class A is a great problem restricting the rare earth extraction industry.
The most adopted process for removing TN and TOC of the low-salt wastewater is a biological method, but the content of chloride ions in the rare earth extraction wastewater reaches 40000mg/L, and the rare earth extraction wastewater belongs to typical high-chloride wastewater, so that the low-salt wastewater cannot be treated by the biological method and only can be treated by an advanced oxidation process. As most of the total nitrogen in the rare earth extraction wastewater is nitrate nitrogen, the removal of the nitrate nitrogen must adopt a catalytic reduction process to reduce the nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen so as to remove the total nitrogen, and the removal of organic matters needs a catalytic oxidation process to mineralize the organic matters into carbon dioxide and water so as to remove the total organic carbon. While the process with both catalytic oxidation and catalytic reduction is only an electrocatalytic device.
The working principle of the traditional electrolysis process is as follows: the anode is subjected to direct oxidation reaction to directly oxidize organic substances via the catalyst coating or to generate oxidizing substances such as H by electrolysis 2 O 2 Hypochlorous acid, O 3 Etc. oxidizing the organic matters; the cathode is subjected to direct reduction reaction or the treatment object is reduced by means of hydrogen generated by the cathode.
For the rare earth extraction wastewater, the following problems exist in the conventional electrolysis process:
firstly, the oxidation of organic matters has the defects that the specific surface area of an anode plate is small, so that the oxidation efficiency is low, and the formed oxidizing substances are low in decomposition rate and cannot be secondarily utilized to the maximum extent;
and for the reduction problem of nitrate nitrogen, the specific surface area of the cathode is small, and the conventional cathode materials such as iron and carbon electrodes have weak hydrogen storage capacity, so that the efficient reduction reaction cannot be provided.
Therefore, the existing electrocatalysis process has certain disadvantages, and the denitrification and decarburization treatment effects on the rare earth extraction wastewater are still limited.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the not enough among the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system, its design scientific and reasonable, easy operation is convenient, has more efficient denitrogenation and decarbonization ability, has apparent economic benefits.
The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater comprises an electrolytic tank, electrolytic electrodes in the electrolytic tank are arranged in parallel, a positive electrode of a power supply is connected with an anode plate, a negative electrode of the power supply is connected with a cathode plate, the electrolytic tank is communicated with the bottom of a separation tank, and a ceramic flat membrane is immersed in the separation tank; the ceramic flat membrane is connected with a water producing pump; the bottom of the electrolytic cell is provided with a perforated pipe which is connected with an ozone generator; powder catalyst is filled between the polar plates.
Preferably, the power supply is dc.
Preferably, a conductive copper bar is arranged on a circuit for connecting the anode of the power supply and the anode plate.
Preferably, a circuit for connecting the negative electrode of the power supply and the negative plate is provided with a conductive copper bar.
Preferably, the anode plate is a foamed titanium mesh, a coating is arranged on the foamed titanium mesh, and the coating material is IrO 2 、RuO 2 And Ta 2 O 5 A mixture of (a).
Preferably, the cathode plate is a copper foam net, a coating is arranged on the copper foam net, and the coating material is palladium oxide.
Preferably, the distance between the anode plate and the cathode plate is 3-10 cm.
Preferably, the ceramic flat membrane is an ultrafiltration membrane, and the average pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.1 micron.
Preferably, the powder catalyst carrier is powder activated carbon, and the effective catalytic component is the compound of oxides of copper, zinc, cobalt, manganese and tin according to different proportions.
The powder catalyst is in a suspension state under the action of ozone gas, and preferably, the adding amount of the powder catalyst is 10-80% of the volume of the electrolytic cell.
The anode plates and the cathode plates are at least one group, and the anode plates and the cathode plates are alternately arranged in parallel.
One side of the electrolytic tank is provided with a water inlet.
The utility model discloses combine electrocatalytic oxidation, electrocatalytic reduction, ozone catalytic oxidation and hydrogen peroxide solution catalytic oxidation etc. organically, maximum efficiency's performance system denitrogenation and decarbonization effect.
Wastewater to be treated enters the electrolytic tank from the water inlet according to a certain flow, partial organic matters in the wastewater are subjected to direct catalytic oxidation reaction on the surface of the anode under the action of a direct current electric field, and simultaneously, a large amount of H is generated by the cathode due to the existence of high dissolved oxygen 2 O 2 Enters the wastewater, and carries out synergistic oxidation on organic matters and intermediate products generated by partial electrolytic oxidation under the catalytic action of a powder catalyst together with ozone introduced into a perforated pipe to achieve the decarbonization effect with maximum efficiency(ii) a Meanwhile, a large amount of hydrogen generated by the cathode serves as a reducing agent, nitrate nitrogen is subjected to catalytic reduction reaction under the catalysis of palladium-copper alloy, most of nitrate nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen, the formed ammonia nitrogen is oxidized by hypochlorous acid generated by anodic chlorine evolution reaction, and nitrogen overflow is formed, so that the denitrification effect with the maximum efficiency is achieved. After the treated wastewater and the powder catalyst enter the separation tank, solid-liquid separation is carried out under the separation action of the ceramic flat membrane, clear liquid flows out from a product water pump, and the powder catalyst flows back to the electrolytic tank for recycling.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
(1) the electrolytic anode plate and the electrolytic cathode plate with high specific surface area and the selected effective components of the catalytic coating have higher removal efficiency on organic matters and total nitrogen;
(2) the introduction of ozone not only can accelerate the generation of a larger amount of hydrogen peroxide by the electrolytic cathode plate to participate in oxidation, but also is a strong oxidant, and forms a synergistic system of multiple catalytic oxidations together with electrocatalysis, so that the electrolytic cathode plate has high-efficiency decarburization capability;
(3) the palladium-plated copper foam is used as a cathode, so that the reduction capability of hydrogen is utilized to the maximum extent, and the denitrification reaction rate is improved;
(4) the powder catalyst is easy to fluidize, so that various catalytic oxidation reactions are smoothly carried out, the mass transfer inside and outside the powder catalyst is faster, and the powder catalyst has higher catalytic efficiency;
(5) the ceramic flat membrane is used as a separation part for water and the catalyst, so that the repeated utilization rate of the catalyst can be ensured, and the suspended matters in the effluent can meet the strict discharge index requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a power source; 2. an ozone generator; 3. a water inlet; 4. a cathode plate; 5. an anode plate; 6. an electrolytic cell; 7. a powdered catalyst; 8. a perforated pipe; 9. a ceramic flat membrane; 10. a separation tank; 11. a water producing pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, a rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system comprises an electrolytic cell 6, wherein electrolytic electrodes in the electrolytic cell 6 are arranged in parallel, the positive pole of a power supply 1 is connected with an anode plate 5, the negative pole of the power supply 1 is connected with a cathode plate 4, and the rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system is characterized in that: the electrolytic tank 6 is communicated with the bottom of the separation tank 10, and the ceramic flat membrane 9 is immersed in the separation tank 10; the ceramic flat membrane 9 is connected with a water producing pump 11; the bottom of the electrolytic cell 6 is provided with a perforated pipe 8, and the perforated pipe 8 is connected with the ozone generator 2; the powder catalyst 7 is filled between the polar plates.
The power supply 1 is of a direct current type.
And a conductive copper bar is arranged on a circuit for connecting the anode of the power supply 1 with the anode plate 5.
And a conductive copper bar is arranged on a circuit for connecting the negative electrode of the power supply 1 and the negative plate 4.
The anode plate 5 is a foamed titanium mesh, a coating is arranged on the foamed titanium mesh, and the coating material is IrO 2 、RuO 2 And Ta 2 O 5 A mixture of (a).
The cathode plate 4 is a foamed copper net, a coating is arranged on the foamed copper net, and the coating is made of palladium oxide.
The ceramic flat membrane 9 is an ultrafiltration membrane, and the average pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.1 micron.
The carrier of the powder catalyst 7 is powder activated carbon, and the effective catalytic component is the compound of oxides of copper, zinc, cobalt, manganese and tin.
The powder catalyst 7 is in a suspended state under the action of ozone gas.
The anode plates 5 and the cathode plates 4 are provided with 3 groups, and the anode plates 5 and the cathode plates 7 are alternately arranged in parallel.
A water inlet 3 is arranged on one side of the electrolytic tank 6.
Wastewater to be treated enters an electrolytic tank 6 from a water inlet 3 according to a certain flow, partial organic matters in the wastewater are subjected to direct catalytic oxidation reaction on the surface of an electrolytic anode plate 5 under the action of a direct current electric field, and simultaneously, a large amount of H is generated by the electrolytic cathode plate 4 due to the existence of high dissolved oxygen 2 O 2 Enters the wastewater, and carries out synergistic oxidation on organic matters and intermediate products generated by partial electrolytic oxidation under the catalytic action of the powder catalyst 7 together with ozone introduced into the perforated pipe 8 so as to achieve the decarbonization effect with the maximum efficiency; meanwhile, a large amount of hydrogen generated by the electrolytic cathode plate 4 serves as a reducing agent, nitrate nitrogen is subjected to catalytic reduction reaction under the catalysis of palladium-copper alloy, most of nitrate nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen, the formed ammonia nitrogen is oxidized by hypochlorous acid generated by anodic chlorine evolution reaction, and nitrogen overflow is formed, so that the denitrification effect with the maximum efficiency is achieved. The treated wastewater and the powder catalyst 7 enter a separation tank 10 and then are subjected to solid-liquid separation under the separation action of a ceramic flat membrane 9, clear liquid flows out from a product water pump 11, and the powder catalyst 7 flows back to the electrolytic tank 6 for recycling.
Example 1
Adopt rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system handle a certain rare earth smelting plant waste water in Shandong:
wherein the electrolytic anode plate 5 adopts a sponge titanium-based electrode, and the surface catalytic component is IrO 2 、RuO 2 、Ta 2 O 5 The mass ratio of the mixture to the mixture is 2:1:1, the distance between polar plates is 5 cm, and the current density is 20mA/cm 2 The adding concentration of ozone is 30mg/L, and the adding amount of the powder catalyst 7 is 20 percent of the volume of the electrolytic cell 6; the hydraulic retention time of the wastewater was 30 minutes.
The TOC of inlet water is 105mg/L, TN is 68mg/L, and the chloride ion content is 32000 mg/L;
the TOC of effluent is 9mg/L, TN is 5mg/L, the content of chloride ions is 21000mg/L, and the power consumption per ton of water is 8 Kw.h.
Example 2
Adopt rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system handle a certain tombarthite smelting plant waste water in the west of the river:
wherein the electrolytic anode plate 5 adopts a sponge titanium-based electrode, and the surface catalytic component is IrO 2 、RuO 2 、Ta 2 O 5 The mass ratio of the mixture to the anode is 1:1:1, the distance between the polar plates is 10 cm, and the current density is 40mA/cm 2 The adding concentration of the ozone is 50mg/L, and the adding amount of the powder catalyst 7 is 6 bodies of the electrolytic tank40% of product; the hydraulic retention time of the wastewater was 60 minutes.
The TOC of inlet water is 621mg/L, TN is 251mg/L, and the chloride ion content is 46000 mg/L;
the TOC of effluent is 11mg/L, TN is 6mg/L, the content of chloride ions is 26000mg/L, and the power consumption per ton of water is 12 Kw.h.
Example 3
Adopt rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system handle certain rare earth smeltery waste water of internal Mongolia:
wherein the electrolytic anode plate 5 adopts a sponge titanium-based electrode, and the surface catalytic component is IrO 2 、RuO 2 、Ta 2 O 5 The mass ratio of the mixture to the mixture is 1:1:1, the distance between polar plates is 7 cm, and the current density is 50mA/cm 2 The adding concentration of the ozone is 100mg/L, and the adding amount of the powder catalyst 7 is 80 percent of the volume of the electrolytic cell 6; the hydraulic retention time of the wastewater was 90 minutes.
The TOC of inlet water is 1123mg/L, TN is 566mg/L, and the chloride ion content is 28000 mg/L;
the TOC of effluent is 12mg/L, TN is 9mg/L, the content of chloride ions is 13000mg/L, and the power consumption per ton of water is 15 Kw.h.
Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the technical field of the present invention is equivalent to the changes and improvements made in the actual range of the present invention, which should be attributed to the patent coverage of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a rare earth extraction advanced wastewater treatment system, includes electrolysis trough (6), electrolysis electrode parallel arrangement in electrolysis trough (6), and power (1) positive pole is connected with anode plate (5), and power (1) negative pole is connected its characterized in that with cathode plate (4): the electrolytic tank (6) is communicated with the bottom of the separation tank (10), and the ceramic flat membrane (9) is immersed in the separation tank (10); the ceramic flat membrane (9) is connected with a water producing pump (11); the bottom of the electrolytic cell (6) is provided with a perforated pipe (8), and the perforated pipe (8) is connected with the ozone generator (2); powder catalyst (7) is filled between the polar plates.
2. The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power supply (1) is of a direct current type.
3. The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a conductive copper bar is arranged on a circuit connecting the anode of the power supply (1) and the anode plate (5).
4. The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a conductive copper bar is arranged on a circuit for connecting the negative electrode of the power supply (1) and the negative plate (4).
5. The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anode plate (5) is a foamed titanium net, and a coating is arranged on the foamed titanium net.
6. The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the negative plate (4) is a foamed copper net, a coating is arranged on the foamed copper net, and the coating is made of palladium oxide.
7. The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the anode plate (5) and the cathode plate (4) is 3-10 cm.
8. The advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ceramic flat membrane (9) is an ultrafiltration membrane, and the average pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.1 micron.
9. The advanced rare earth extraction wastewater treatment system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: one side of the electrolytic tank (6) is provided with a water inlet (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220741578.2U CN217127005U (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220741578.2U CN217127005U (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Advanced treatment system for rare earth extraction wastewater |
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