CN217078658U - Step energy dissipation and aerated spillway - Google Patents
Step energy dissipation and aerated spillway Download PDFInfo
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- CN217078658U CN217078658U CN202120361373.7U CN202120361373U CN217078658U CN 217078658 U CN217078658 U CN 217078658U CN 202120361373 U CN202120361373 U CN 202120361373U CN 217078658 U CN217078658 U CN 217078658U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a step energy dissipation and aeration spillway, which comprises a bottom plate and a side wall of the spillway, wherein a convex stilling bank is arranged on the bottom plate of the spillway according to a certain distance, the section of the stilling bank adopts a trapezoidal structure, the included angle between the upper surface of the stilling bank and the bottom plate of the spillway is alpha, the alpha is between 90 and 120 degrees, the included angle between the lower surface of the stilling bank and the bottom plate of the spillway is beta, and the beta is between 100 and 150 degrees; the stilling grooves are arranged between the stilling ridges, and when the downdrain water flow is subjected to energy dissipation by the stilling ridges, the downdrain water flow is discharged into the stilling grooves to form energy dissipation water cushions in the stilling grooves. The bottom plate of the spillway is provided with the stilling ridges and the stilling grooves, the number of the stilling ridges and the stilling grooves is flexibly set according to engineering requirements, energy dissipation can be continuously carried out on a discharged water body, the energy dissipation rate of the spillway is greatly improved, the flow velocity of water at the outlet of the spillway is reduced, the engineering quantity of outlet energy dissipation facilities and the engineering quantity of bank slope support on two banks are reduced, the scouring of a downstream riverbed is reduced, and the engineering investment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a ladder energy dissipation and aerify spillway belongs to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering technical field, is applicable to the design and the construction of gravity dam body spillway or flexible dam bank limit spillway among the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering.
Background
In hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, to high-speed rivers of letting down, for alleviateing the washing away of the natural river course behind the dam, guarantee the safety of dam main part, mainly adopt three kinds of energy dissipation modes to carry out the energy dissipation to rivers of letting down: trajectory energy dissipation, underflow energy dissipation and surface flow energy dissipation. The trajectory bucket energy dissipation means that a trajectory bucket is arranged at the tail end of a water outlet structure, so that water flow is ejected towards the downstream, partial energy is eliminated through the diffusion, turbulence and aeration of jet flow in the air, and then the water flow falls into a river channel far away from the bucket and dissipates energy in a water cushion formed by a scouring pit and a certain tail water depth; the underflow energy dissipation means that a stilling basin is arranged at an outlet of a lower discharge water flow to promote the water flow to generate hydraulic jump in a limited range, and energy is consumed through internal friction, aeration and impact of the water flow; the surface flow energy dissipation means an energy dissipation mode of picking the main flow of the downward-discharging rapid flow to the water surface, and eliminating the residual energy through the surface diffusion of the main flow, the bottom rolling and the surface rolling. Three energy dissipation modes are respectively characterized and applicable: the trajectory bucket energy dissipation is suitable for projects with good downstream terrain and geological conditions; the underflow energy dissipation is suitable for projects with limited downstream topography conditions, poorer erosion resistance of riverbeds at riverbanks, shallower downstream water level and larger water level amplitude; the surface flow energy dissipation is only suitable for projects with medium and low water heads, deeper downstream tail water and smaller water level amplitude.
The spillway outlet is usually connected by adopting a flip bucket or a stilling force, and then the spillway outlet is arranged in the downstream river channel, so that no matter which energy dissipation mode is adopted in the spillway outlet, the flow speed at the spillway outlet is reduced, and the key points of reducing the structure size of the flip bucket or the stilling basin, reducing the scouring depth of the downstream river bed, and reducing the shoreside slope support range and the engineering quantity are achieved. In the engineering, for reducing spillway water body discharge velocity, adopt step spillway usually, be about to smooth overflow surface design for the step form, the roughness of multiplicable bottom plate on the one hand makes rivers discharge the in-process along journey ability loss increase, reduces the energy dissipation pressure of spillway export, and on the other hand the step can carry out the aeration of certain degree to bottom rivers, reduces and exempts from cavitation erosion and destruction, guarantees the safe operation of spillway. However, the step design of the conventional step spillway (see fig. 2) is mainly a mode that one step is reduced along with the height of the spillway, and the water flow energy loss is increased only by the steps, but when the width of the spillway is limited and the single-width flow is large due to large discharge, the requirements of flood discharge and energy dissipation on the on-way water head loss and the energy dissipation rate of the conventional step spillway are hardly met, and the steps also lose aeration effect, so that the on-way wall surface of the spillway is damaged by cavitation erosion.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a ladder energy dissipation and aerify spillway to the not enough of prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
a step energy dissipation and aerated spillway comprises a bottom plate and side walls of the spillway, wherein a convex force-dissipating bank is arranged on the bottom plate of the spillway according to a certain distance, the section of the force-dissipating bank is of a trapezoidal structure, the included angle between the upstream surface of the force-dissipating bank and the bottom plate of the spillway is alpha, alpha is between 90 and 120 degrees, the included angle between the downstream surface of the force-dissipating bank and the bottom plate of the spillway is beta, and beta is between 100 and 150 degrees; a plurality of stilling grooves with trapezoidal sections are arranged between the stilling ridges, and when the downdraft water flow is subjected to energy dissipation by the stilling ridges, the downdraft water flow is discharged into the stilling grooves to form water cushions.
In addition, the outer sides of the side walls at two sides of the spillway are provided with ventilation shafts, and the bottoms of the ventilation shafts are provided with air inlets. The air inlet hole is arranged close to the downstream side of the stilling ridge, and autonomous aeration can be carried out on the bottom of the spillway.
This spillway has set up dynamic relief bank and dynamic relief groove on the bottom plate, can carry out the ladder energy dissipation to the body of sluicing in succession, improve the energy dissipation rate of spillway self greatly, reduce the velocity of flow of spillway exit, improve the adaptation scope of spillway to the volume of sluicing, reduce the engineering volume of export energy dissipation facility, reduce the engineering investment, and simultaneously, this spillway has set up ventilation shaft and inlet port on the side wall, through the quantity of rational arrangement ventilation shaft and inlet port, can be to the abundant air entrainment of spillway rivers, avoid spillway structure to produce cavitation erosion and destroy, guarantee the safety of spillway structure.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following effect has:
(1) the bottom plate of the spillway is provided with the stilling ridges and the stilling grooves, the number of the stilling ridges and the stilling grooves is flexibly set according to engineering requirements, energy dissipation can be continuously carried out on a discharged water body, the energy dissipation rate of the spillway is greatly improved, the flow velocity of water at the outlet of the spillway is reduced, the engineering quantity of outlet energy dissipation facilities and the engineering quantity of bank slope support at two banks are reduced, the scouring of a downstream riverbed is reduced, and the engineering investment is reduced.
(2) The side walls at two sides of the spillway are provided with the ventilation vertical shafts and the air inlet holes, the downward-discharging water flow in the spillway chute can be fully aerated by reasonably arranging the number of the ventilation vertical shafts and the air inlet holes, a large amount of air is forced to be mixed into the water flow under the turbulent action of high-speed water flow, the phenomenon of mixing of air and water is formed, the aeration concentration of a water body is ensured, cavitation damage to the bottom plate and the side walls of the spillway is avoided, and the safety of the structure is ensured.
(3) The energy dissipation rate of the spillway is improved, the spillway can adapt to larger discharge flow in a limited width, the adaptation range of the spillway to the discharge flow is enlarged, and the problem that the project quantity of the spillway is increased due to the fact that the width of the spillway is increased for reducing the flow speed of outlet water flow under the condition of large flow is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional step spillway.
The labels in the figures are: 1-bottom plate, 2-side wall, 3-stilling ridge, 4-stilling groove, 5-ventilation vertical shaft, 6-air inlet hole and 7-step.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present application refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is implemented as follows: set up convex sill 3 that disappears according to certain distance on spillway bottom plate 1, sill 3 that disappears adopts trapezium structure, and its height, width isotructure size are in order to confirm according to spillway bottom plate 1 width and side wall 2 height, can adjust according to the engineering actual conditions is nimble, when letting out single wide flow great down, sill 3 sizes should corresponding increase to increase sill 3's energy dissipation effect. The included angle between the upstream surface of the stilling ridge 3 and the spillway bottom plate 1 is alpha, the alpha is between 90 and 120 degrees, the included angle between the downstream surface of the stilling ridge 3 and the spillway bottom plate 1 is beta, and the beta is between 100 and 150 degrees.
The dynamic relief bank 3 arranges that the interval is calculated through hydraulics or physical model test according to engineering actual conditions confirms, form dynamic relief groove 4 naturally between the dynamic relief bank 3, after the rivers of sluicing are absorbed by dynamic relief bank 3 energy, sluicing to in the dynamic relief groove 4, form the water blanket in the dynamic relief groove 4, rivers impact the water blanket and played the better energy dissipation effect than traditional step spillway, thus, carry out the ladder energy dissipation through a plurality of dynamic relief banks 3 and dynamic relief groove 4 that set up on spillway bottom plate 1, constantly consume and kill the rivers energy of sluicing down, improve the energy dissipation effect of rivers on journey, thereby avoid spillway to cause to erode the destruction to the low reaches river course.
According to the spillway velocity of flow circumstances of sluicing down, arrange spillway both sides side wall 2 outside in the great position of velocity of flow and set up the vertical shaft 5 of ventilating in, the vertical shaft 5 bottom of ventilating sets up inlet port 6, inlet port 6 is close to 3 downstream sides of dynamic away ridges and arranges, can carry out autonomic air entrainment to spillway bottom, under the turbulent action of high-speed rivers, force a large amount of air to mix in the rivers, form the phenomenon of gas, the double-phase mixing of water, guarantee the concentration of aerifing of water, avoid spillway bottom plate 1 and side wall 2 to take place cavitation erosion and destroy, guarantee the safety of structure.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. Step energy dissipation and aeration overflowSpillway, bottom plate (1) and side wall (2) including spillway, its characterized in that: the bottom plate (1) of the spillway is provided with a convex force-eliminating bank (3) according to a certain distance, the section of the force-eliminating bank (3) adopts a trapezoidal structure, the included angle between the upper side surface of the force-eliminating bank (3) and the bottom plate (1) of the spillway is alpha, and alpha is 90 DEG o ～120 o The included angle between the downstream surface of the stilling ridge (3) and the bottom plate (1) of the spillway is beta, and the beta is 100 o ～150 o To (c) to (d); form between the sill that disappears (3) and disappear power groove (4), let down the rivers receive the energy dissipation of sill that disappears (3) after, let down in groove (4) that disappears, form the energy dissipation water cushion in groove (4) that disappears, constantly kill and let down the rivers energy, improve the energy dissipation effect of rivers along the journey.
2. The stepped energy dissipation and aeration spillway of claim 1, wherein: and the outer sides of the side walls (2) at two sides of the spillway are provided with ventilation vertical shafts (5), and the bottoms of the ventilation vertical shafts (5) are provided with air inlets (6).
3. The stepped energy dissipation and aeration spillway of claim 2, wherein: the air inlet holes (6) are arranged close to the downstream side of the stilling sill (3) and can be used for automatically aerating the bottom of the spillway.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120361373.7U CN217078658U (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Step energy dissipation and aerated spillway |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120361373.7U CN217078658U (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Step energy dissipation and aerated spillway |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217078658U true CN217078658U (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120361373.7U Active CN217078658U (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Step energy dissipation and aerated spillway |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN217078658U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-02-08 CN CN202120361373.7U patent/CN217078658U/en active Active
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