Autonomous solar photovoltaic power generation device
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, concretely relates to autonomous solar photovoltaic power generation device.
Background
With the development of the times, clean energy is more and more favored by people, so that the application of solar energy is more and more common, such as a solar power station, a solar water heater, a solar automobile, a solar storage battery and the like. Photovoltaic power generation is the primary means of solar energy utilization at present.
Photovoltaic power generation is a technology of directly converting light energy into electric energy by using the photovoltaic effect of a semiconductor interface. The solar energy power generation system mainly comprises a solar panel (assembly), a controller and an inverter, and the main components of the system are electronic components. The solar cells are connected in series and then are packaged and protected to form a large-area solar cell module, and then the photovoltaic power generation device is formed by matching with components such as a power controller and the like.
Research shows that the traditional photovoltaic panel has many defects: most of the solar panels are fixed, but the irradiation angle of the sunlight is constantly changed, and the photovoltaic panels cannot be always perpendicular to the sunlight, so that the efficiency of the photovoltaic panels for receiving energy is greatly reduced; the photovoltaic board is generally installed in adverse circumstances such as desert, and outdoor environment often accompanies with the bad weather of wind and rain and appears, and the surface of photovoltaic board receives the erosion of rainwater grit hail easily to lead to life to subtract weak point.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide an autonomous solar photovoltaic power generation device can improve the utilization ratio to solar energy, increase of service life.
The utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides an autonomous solar photovoltaic power generation device, the on-line screen storage device comprises a base, rotary platform has set firmly on the base, rotary platform has first motor through the coupling joint, upper portion has set firmly the support column, photovoltaic power generation subassembly has set firmly on the support column, it includes the mounting bracket with support column fixed connection, it is connected with several dwang to rotate on the mounting bracket, the symmetry is provided with several photovoltaic power generation boards on the dwang, one side of dwang has set firmly driven gear, the second motor has set firmly on the mounting bracket, second motor output end has set firmly drive gear, mounting bracket one side has set firmly the extension platform, be provided with the drive rack on the extension platform, the drive rack is connected with drive gear, driven gear meshing respectively, still include the controller, the controller respectively with first motor and second motor electric connection.
By adopting the technical scheme, the controller drives the rotating platform to horizontally rotate around the self axis through controlling the first motor, the controller drives the rotating rod to rotate in the vertical direction around the self axis through controlling the second motor through the gear rack transmission mechanism, the photovoltaic power generation plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rotating rod, and then the angle of the photovoltaic power generation plates to the direction can be controlled through controlling the first motor and the second motor.
Further, still including installing rainwater sensor, wind direction sensor, light sensor and the controller on the mounting bracket, the controller respectively with rainwater sensor, wind direction sensor and light sensor electric connection. The rain sensor is used for monitoring whether rain falls and the rainfall amount, the wind direction sensor is used for monitoring wind speed and wind direction, the illumination sensor is used for monitoring an illumination angle and transmitting information to the controller, the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel is adjusted in real time by monitoring the illumination intensity and angle, so that the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel is always perpendicular to illumination, the maximum light receiving area is ensured, and the efficiency of receiving energy by the photovoltaic cell panel is improved; when rainy weather is monitored, the controller controls the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate 180 degrees from the initial state until the light receiving surface faces downwards horizontally, so that the light receiving surface can be prevented from being exposed in rainwater and corroded by the rainwater; when the monitored wind power reaches a set wind speed value, the controller controls the first motor and the second motor to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel in real time so as to ensure that the photovoltaic power generation panel is always parallel to the wind direction, reduce the windward area of the photovoltaic power generation panel, prevent sand carried by strong wind from impacting the front side of the photovoltaic power generation panel, and prolong the service life of the photovoltaic power generation panel.
The weather forecast system further comprises a weather forecast service end, a locator and a weather receiving terminal, wherein the locator is electrically connected with the weather forecast service end and the weather receiving terminal respectively, and the weather receiving terminal controller is electrically connected with the weather receiving terminal. The locator is used for locating the geographic position to which the tracking device belongs and sending a request to the weather forecast server according to the geographic position, the weather receiving terminal receives weather information corresponding to the geographic position sent by the weather forecast server, and the controller carries out early warning prompt and controls the tracking adjusting device to stop tracking when judging that the weather situation is a special weather situation according to the weather information, so that the safety of the solar photovoltaic power generation device and the stability of a power generation system are guaranteed.
Furthermore, the system also comprises a timer which is electrically connected with the controller.
The photovoltaic power generation system further comprises a storage battery pack and an inverter, wherein the storage battery pack is connected with the control device and used for storing electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel and supplying power to the direct current load, the control device is used for preventing the storage battery pack from being overcharged and overdischarged, and the inverter is connected with the control device and used for converting direct current into alternating current and then supplying power to the alternating current load.
Preferably, still be equipped with the spacing of being used for fixed transmission rack on the extension platform, spacing is C style of calligraphy structure, comprises two relative parallel arrangement's roller and connecting rod, and the roller is located the both sides of transmission rack respectively. The derailment of the transmission rack is avoided.
Preferably, the extension platform and the mounting frame are of an integrally formed structure.
Preferably, the both sides of mounting bracket run through to correspond and are provided with the mounting hole, and the dwang runs through to be installed in the mounting hole.
Furthermore, the number of the four light sensors is four, the four light sensors are uniformly distributed at four ends of the mounting frame, and the four light sensors have different received light intensities, so that the signals transmitted to the single chip microcomputer are different; the controller acquires signals collected by each optical sensor, processes and calculates the signals, and then accurately judges the direction of stronger light.
To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the height angle and the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic cell panel are adjusted by controlling the first motor and the second motor, so that the photovoltaic cell panel is always perpendicular to the illumination incidence direction, the maximum light receiving area is ensured, the efficiency of receiving energy by the photovoltaic cell panel is improved, the utilization rate of solar energy is greatly improved, the photovoltaic power supply of a power load is realized by the controller according to the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic cell panel, and the electric energy consumption of a power grid is reduced.
2. When rainy weather is monitored, the controller controls the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate 180 degrees from an initial state until the light receiving surface faces downwards horizontally, so that the light receiving surface can be prevented from being exposed in rainwater and corroded by the rainwater; when the monitored wind power reaches a set wind speed value, the controller controls the first motor and the second motor to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel in real time so as to ensure that the photovoltaic power generation panel is always parallel to the wind direction, reduce the windward area of the photovoltaic power generation panel, prevent sand carried by strong wind from impacting positively, prevent the photovoltaic power generation panel from being damaged and prolong the service life of the photovoltaic power generation panel.
3. The locator is used for locating the geographic position to which the tracking device belongs and sending a request to a weather forecast server according to the geographic position, the weather receiving terminal receives weather information corresponding to the geographic position sent by the weather forecast server, and when the controller predicts a special weather situation in advance, the controller gives an early warning prompt and controls the tracking adjusting device to stop tracking, so that the safety of the solar photovoltaic power generation device and the stability of a power generation system are ensured.
4. Compare with single light sensor response light change, the utility model discloses a four light sensors that distribute around photovoltaic power generation subassembly carry out the comprehensive calculation, do benefit to and derive more reliable computational result for to the angular adjustment of photovoltaic power generation subassembly.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a front view of an autonomous solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of an autonomous solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the driving rack and the limiting frame of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a control block diagram of the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic power generation panel according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a control block diagram of the photovoltaic power supply system of the present invention;
reference numerals
The device comprises a base 1, a rotating platform 2, a first motor 3, a support column 4, a mounting frame 5, a rotating rod 6, a photovoltaic power generation plate 7, a driven gear 8, a second motor 9, a driving gear 10, an extension platform 11, a transmission rack 12, a rainwater sensor 13, a wind direction sensor 14, a light sensor 15, a limiting frame 16, a roll shaft 17 and a connecting rod 18.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that a product of the present invention is usually placed in when used, and are only for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
An autonomous solar photovoltaic power generation device comprises a base 1, wherein a rotary platform 2 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, the rotary platform 2 is connected with a first motor 3 through a coupler, the bottom of the first motor 3 is fixedly connected with the base 1 through a fixing block, a supporting column 4 is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the rotary platform 2, a photovoltaic power generation assembly is fixedly arranged on the supporting column 4, the photovoltaic power generation assembly comprises a mounting frame 5 fixedly connected with the supporting column 4, the mounting frame 5 is of a hollow frame structure, the bottom of the mounting frame 5 is fixedly connected with the supporting column 4, 3 pairs of mounting holes are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the upper portion of the mounting frame 5 in a penetrating manner, a rotating rod 6 is arranged in the mounting holes in a penetrating manner, the rotating rod 6 is rotatably connected with the mounting frame 5, 6 photovoltaic power generation plates 7 are symmetrically arranged on each rotating rod 6, a driven gear 8 is fixedly arranged on one side of the rotating rod 6, and a second motor 9 is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 5, second motor 9 output shaft is surely connected with drive gear 10, and 5 one sides of mounting bracket have set firmly extension platform 11, are provided with drive rack 12 on the extension platform 11, drive rack 12 is connected with drive gear 10, 8 meshing of driven gear respectively, still includes the controller, the controller respectively with first motor 3 and 9 electric connection of second motor, the controller is through controlling first motor 3, drive rotary platform 2 around self axle center horizontal rotation, the controller is through controlling second motor 9, through rack and pinion drive mechanism, drive dwang 6 is rotatory in vertical direction around self axle center, photovoltaic power generation board 7 symmetry sets up in dwang 6 both sides, and then can realize controlling photovoltaic power generation board 7 just to the angle of direction through controlling first motor 3 and second motor 9.
In this embodiment, still including installing rainwater sensor 13, wind direction sensor 14, illumination sensor 15 and the controller on mounting bracket 5, the controller respectively with rainwater sensor 13, wind direction sensor 14 and illumination sensor 15 electric connection. The rain sensor 13 is used for monitoring whether the rain falls and the rainfall amount, the wind direction sensor 14 is used for monitoring the wind speed and the wind direction, the illumination sensor 15 is used for monitoring the illumination angle and transmitting information to the controller, the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 is adjusted in real time by monitoring the illumination intensity and the angle, the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 is always perpendicular to the illumination, the maximum light receiving area is ensured, and the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell panel for receiving energy is improved; when it is monitored that the weather is rainy, the controller controls the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 to rotate 180 degrees from the initial state until the light receiving surface faces downwards horizontally, so that the light receiving surface can be prevented from being exposed in rainwater and corroded by the rainwater; when the monitored wind power reaches a set wind speed value, the controller controls the first motor 3 and the second motor 9 to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 in real time, so that the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 is always parallel to the wind direction, the windward area of the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 is reduced, sand carried by strong wind is prevented from being impacted on the front side, and the service life of the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 is prolonged.
The weather forecast system further comprises a weather forecast service end, a locator and a weather receiving terminal, wherein the locator is electrically connected with the weather forecast service end and the weather receiving terminal respectively, and the weather receiving terminal controller is electrically connected with the weather receiving terminal. The locator is used for locating the geographic position to which the tracking device belongs and sending a request to the weather forecast server according to the geographic position, the weather receiving terminal receives weather information corresponding to the geographic position sent by the weather forecast server, and the controller carries out early warning prompt and controls the tracking adjusting device to stop tracking when judging that the weather situation is a special weather situation according to the weather information, so that the safety of the solar photovoltaic power generation device and the stability of a power generation system are guaranteed.
In this embodiment, the electronic device further includes a timer, and the timer is electrically connected to the controller.
In the embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation system further comprises a storage battery pack and an inverter, wherein the storage battery pack is connected with the control device and used for storing electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 and supplying power to the direct current load, the control device is used for preventing the storage battery pack from being overcharged and overdischarged, and the inverter is connected with the control device and used for converting direct current into alternating current and then supplying power to the alternating current load.
In this embodiment, in order to avoid the derailment of the transmission rack 12, a limiting frame 16 for fixing the transmission rack 12 is further arranged on the extension platform 11, the limiting frame 16 is of a C-shaped structure and is composed of two roll shafts 17 arranged in parallel and a connecting rod 18, and the roll shafts 17 are respectively located on two sides of the transmission rack 12.
In this embodiment, the extension platform 11 and the mounting frame 5 are integrally formed.
In this embodiment, the controller is a single chip microcomputer, and preferably an ARM32 chip.
In this embodiment, the optical sensor is a photo resistor.
In this embodiment, the first motor 3 and the second motor 9 are horizontal stepping motors.
In this embodiment, the electric devices such as the storage battery, the single chip microcomputer, the inverter, and the timer may be integrated in a single housing and disposed at a suitable position of the device, which is not limited to this embodiment.
In this embodiment, protective cases are covered above the first motor 3, the second motor 9 and the rack-and-pinion transmission mechanism to prevent electrical components from being corroded by rainwater.
In the present embodiment, the base 1 is a disc base, preferably made of stainless steel, fixed on the ground, on the roof or at any other suitable position, and serves as a support, and fixes the base 1 of the whole photovoltaic power generation device, thereby ensuring the installation stability of the device.
When the weather forecast system works, weather conditions are judged in advance through the weather forecast server, the locator and the weather receiving terminal, and when the weather conditions are judged to be special weather conditions, early warning prompt is given and the tracking adjusting device is controlled to stop tracking; when the weather condition is normal, the illumination intensity is monitored through the illumination sensor 15, the illumination tracking function of the device is started, the change of sunlight is sensed, and the solar cell panel is enabled to be always at the current optimal light receiving angle. Specifically, the four light sensors receive different illumination intensities, so that the signals transmitted to the singlechip are different; the single chip microcomputer acquires signals acquired by each optical sensor, processes and calculates the signals, judges the direction of stronger light, outputs electric signals to the first motor 3 and the second motor 9, and adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate 7 in real time to ensure that the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation plate 7 is always perpendicular to the light to ensure the maximum light receiving area; when it is monitored that rain falls, the controller controls the second motor 9 to adjust the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 to rotate 180 degrees from the initial state until the light receiving surface faces downwards horizontally, so that the light receiving surface can be prevented from being exposed in the rain and corroded by the rain; when the monitored wind power reaches a set wind speed value, the controller controls the first motor 3 and the second motor 9 to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 in real time so as to ensure that the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 is always parallel to the wind direction, reduce the windward area of the photovoltaic power generation panel 7 and prevent sand carried by strong wind from impacting the front side.
It should be noted that the rotating platform 2 is a known prior art, has a hollow structure, and has one end connected to a servo motor or a stepping motor through a coupling, has the advantages of high rigidity, high rotation precision and high repeated positioning precision, and is suitable for the device to realize the horizontal rotation of the support column 4; photovoltaic power generation system and theory of operation are also known technique in this field, do not the utility model discloses a protection point is for realizing the concrete mechanical structure of illumination tracking function, so do not do too much explanation to its principle of generating electricity.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.