CN217062509U

CN217062509U - Antenna

Info

Publication number: CN217062509U
Application number: CN202220198099.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 迟礼东; 骆云龙; 杨洋; 亚历克斯·漆; 漆一宏
Original assignee: Pontosensi Co ltd
Current assignee: Pontosensi Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-25
Filing date: 2022-01-25
Publication date: 2022-07-26
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-25

Abstract

The utility model relates to a millimeter wave detection field, concretely relates to antenna with two-way radiation ability contains end fire antenna and side fire antenna, end fire antenna and side fire antenna set up on same PCB board, the main polarization direction of end fire antenna with contained angle between the main polarization direction of side fire antenna is 80 ~ 100. The utility model discloses a set up end-fire antenna and side-fire antenna simultaneously on a PCB board, realize that two directions are launched and are received simultaneously, saved a PCB board and one set of control system, practiced thrift the manufacturing cost who realizes the two-way detection of two-way detection especially orthogonal direction's millimeter wave radar system greatly.

Description

Antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a millimeter wave detection field, concretely relates to antenna with two-way radiation ability.

Background

Millimeter wave detection is a very promising novel detection mode, and compared with ultrasonic detection and infrared detection, the millimeter wave detection has the characteristics of high accuracy, difficulty in being shielded by obstacles and the like, and is easy. Millimeter wave radar, as the name implies, is a radar technology that utilizes millimeter waves having a wavelength of 10mm to 1mm and a frequency of 30-300 GHz. The radar spectrum in the industrial application field is 60-64 GHz, and the automobile application field is 76-81 GHz. Since the wavelength of the signal is shorter at these frequencies, the size of the radar antenna is also smaller. The small volume of the radar, coupled with advanced antenna technologies such as package antennas (AoP) and PCB antennas (AoPCB), has become widely used in automotive navigation, building automation, healthcare and industrial applications. Millimeter wave (mmWave) radar emits electromagnetic waves, and any object in its path reflects the signal back. By capturing and processing the reflected signals, the radar system can determine the range, velocity, and angle of the object. Millimeter-wave radar can provide millimeter-scale accuracy in object distance detection, and thus is an ideal sensing technology for human biological signals. In addition, the millimeter wave technology can also carry out non-contact continuous monitoring on patients and ordinary users (such as the elderly needing monitoring), so that doctors, patients and ordinary users are convenient. In order to meet the wider application requirements and realize large-scale deployment, the current mainstream development trend of the millimeter wave radar is low cost.

Usually, the millimeter wave radar antenna is realized by adopting a PCB (printed Circuit Board), and the advantages of mature processing technology and controllable quality are achieved. Among the prior art, on the one hand only involves one-way millimeter wave radar antenna usually, set up one set of millimeter wave radar system promptly on a PCB board, carry out one-way detection, on the other hand, in involving two directions and carrying out millimeter wave radar detection's application, technical staff in the art utilizes prior art, need set up two sets of millimeter wave radar system, correspondingly need two PCB boards, two processors, especially need two sets of millimeter wave array antenna, for example, the utility model "two-way multilane traffic monitoring device based on 77GHz millimeter wave radar" patent that publication number is CN209044871U has just used forward millimeter wave radar and reverse millimeter wave radar. Since the millimeter wave PCB is expensive to manufacture, the use of existing technology will undoubtedly double the cost of the overall system.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art and involve two directions and carry out millimeter wave radar system problem with high costs in the application that millimeter wave radar surveyed, provide an antenna that has two-way radiation ability.

In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

an antenna comprises an end-fire antenna and a side-fire antenna, wherein the end-fire antenna and the side-fire antenna are arranged on the same PCB, and an included angle formed between a main polarization direction of the end-fire antenna and a main polarization direction of the side-fire antenna is 80-100 degrees.

According to the invention, the endfire antenna and the broadside antenna are arranged on the PCB at the same time, and the main polarization directions of the endfire antenna and the broadside antenna form an included angle of 80-100 degrees, so that the antenna can realize the transmission and the reception in the broadside direction and the broadside direction through the same PCB, a PCB and a set of control system are saved, and the manufacturing cost of a millimeter wave radar system for realizing bidirectional detection, especially the bidirectional detection in the orthogonal direction is greatly saved.

Preferably, the end-fire antenna transmits and/or receives along a direction parallel to the plane of the PCB, and the side-fire antenna transmits and/or receives along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the PCB.

Preferably, the end-fire antennas are connected in parallel to form an end-fire antenna array, and the side-fire antennas are connected in parallel to form a side-fire antenna array.

Preferably, the end-fire antenna is of the type vivaldi antenna, yagi antenna, quasi-yagi antenna or log periodic antenna.

Preferably, the side-emitting antenna is of the type of a loop slot antenna, a loop antenna or a patch antenna.

Based on the same inventive concept, an antenna apparatus is provided, which includes a power divider and an antenna according to any of the above descriptions, and the rf signals input to the power divider are output to the endfire antenna and the broadside antenna, respectively.

Preferably, the power divider is a wilkinson power divider.

Based on the same inventive concept, an antenna device is provided, which includes a radio frequency switch and one of the antennas described above, wherein both the incident port of the endfire antenna and the incident port of the broadside antenna are connected to the radio frequency switch, and the radio frequency switch is used for switching the endfire antenna and the broadside antenna.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the utility model discloses a set up end-fire antenna and side-fire antenna simultaneously on a PCB board, the end-fire antenna with the main polarization direction of side-fire antenna is 80 ~100 contained angles, and the preferred 90 contained angles that are makes the utility model discloses an antenna can realize transmitting and receiving in the both-way transmission of side-fire direction and end-fire direction through same PCB board, through preferred embodiment, transmits simultaneously and receives in perpendicular to PCB board place planar direction (being the side-fire direction) and be on a parallel with PCB board place planar direction (being the end-fire direction), has saved a PCB board and one set of control system, has practiced thrift the manufacturing cost who realizes the two-way detection of two-way detection especially orthogonal direction's millimeter wave radar system greatly.

2. The utility model discloses a realize the function of end-fire antenna and side-fire antenna simultaneously on a PCB board, can make the space of two-way millimeter wave antenna more planar, the preparation size of millimeter wave radar system is done littleer, saves space.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art orthogonal bi-directional millimeter wave radar system.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna of embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna of embodiment 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between an antenna and a power divider or an rf switch according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 7 is the antenna pattern of example 1.

Fig. 8 is a graph of the antenna gain of example 1.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of adjusting isolation using active decoupling.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of adjusting the isolation using a high-resistance surface method.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of adjusting isolation using a distance method.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of adjusting antenna beam and gain by adding parasitic elements.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and embodiments. However, it should not be understood that the scope of the above subject matter is limited to the following embodiments, and all the technologies realized based on the content of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

In this embodiment, a one-transmitting-two-receiving bidirectional radiation antenna is taken as an example, and transmission and reception detection needs to be performed in a direction perpendicular to the ground and a direction parallel to the ground. As shown in fig. 1, according to the method in the prior art, two sets of millimeter wave radar systems are required, and particularly, two sets of millimeter wave array antennas are required, which is implemented by using two PCBs.

The present embodiment provides a dual-transmit-receive, orthogonal, and bidirectional radiation antenna, as shown in fig. 2, which includes an end-fire antenna and a side-fire antenna, where the end-fire antenna and the side-fire antenna are disposed on the same PCB, and an incident port of the end-fire antenna and an incident port of the side-fire antenna are both connected to a power divider, and the power divider is configured to distribute electric power to the end-fire antenna and the side-fire antenna.

The quadrature two-way wherein, indicates that two directions of two-way radiation are 90 contained angles, as shown in fig. 3, side shot direction and end shot direction promptly, the utility model discloses in, can divide into side shot antenna array, end shot antenna array according to the directional of radiation direction and the relation of antenna. The side-firing antenna array is an antenna array in which the maximum radiation direction points to the array axis or the array surface vertical direction. An end-fire antenna array is an antenna array in which the maximum radiation direction points in the direction of the array axis. The antenna array with the maximum radiation direction pointing to other directions is an antenna array which is not side-fire or end-fire. The side-fire and end-fire directions are further explained by taking an antenna realized by a PCB as an example, and the side-fire direction is a direction vertical to the plane of the PCB, namely a direction parallel to the z axis of a coordinate axis; the endfire direction is parallel to the plane of the PCB, i.e., perpendicular to the z-axis.

Because the influence of factors such as manufacturing process, perhaps because the needs of specific application, the utility model discloses the contained angle of side shot direction and end shot direction probably is not standard 90, and the scope of contained angle can also appear is 80 ~100 between the condition, when the scope of contained angle is between 80 ~100, the homoenergetic realizes the utility model discloses a purpose, realization both-way detection or communication.

In this embodiment, the incident port of the side-fire antenna and the incident port of the end-fire antenna are connected to the power divider, and the transmission signal is simultaneously distributed to the end-fire transmission antenna and the side-fire transmission antenna through the power divider, and at this time, the two antennas simultaneously operate, so that the transmission antennas have the capability of simultaneously radiating in the side-fire direction and the end-fire direction, and the operating mode is a simultaneous operating mode, which is higher in efficiency.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a realize the transmission and the receipt of end-fire direction and side-fire direction on same PCB, saved a PCB board and one set of control system, showing the manufacturing cost who has reduced radar system.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, a 24GHz single-transmitting and double-receiving radar scheme is disclosed, in which an antenna includes an end-fire antenna and a side-fire antenna, and an incident port of the antenna is connected by using a power divider; the end-fire antenna is Vivaldi antenna, and the side-fire antenna is WHEMS antenna. The end-fire antenna comprises an end-fire transmitting unit and an end-fire receiving unit, and the side-fire antenna comprises a side-fire transmitting unit and a side-fire receiving unit. The transmitting antenna formed by the two antennas of the end-fire transmitting unit and the side-fire transmitting unit has the capability of transmitting electromagnetic waves in the end-fire direction and the side-fire direction simultaneously; the two antennas of the end-fire receiving unit and the side-fire receiving unit respectively receive reflected echoes of the two antennas of the end-fire transmitting unit and the side-fire transmitting unit in an end-fire direction and a side-fire direction.

Electromagnetic waves transmitted by the end-fire transmitting unit towards the end-fire direction are reflected by the barrier and received by the end-fire receiving unit (Vivaldi antenna); the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the side-transmitting unit in the side-transmitting direction is reflected by an obstacle and received by a side-transmitting receiving unit (WHEMS antenna). Therefore, the radar detection function in the bi-orthogonal direction is realized on the single PCB.

As shown in fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b), in another embodiment, the power divider may be replaced by a radio frequency switch, an incident port of the endfire antenna and an incident port of the broadside antenna are both connected to the radio frequency switch, and the radio frequency switch is configured to switch the endfire antenna and the broadside antenna, so as to implement time-division multiplexing of the endfire antenna and the broadside antenna, where this mode is a time-division operating mode. In the time-sharing working mode, a transmitting signal passes through the radio frequency switch and is distributed to the end-fire transmitting antenna and the side-fire transmitting antenna at different moments, and in the mode, the single path has higher gain.

Meanwhile, the working mode is suitable for a millimeter wave radar system with large link margin and high efficiency requirement; the time-sharing working mode is suitable for millimeter wave radar application with narrow link margin.

In order to let the utility model discloses a two-way antenna reaches the optimal effect in radar system, the utility model provides a following preferred design parameter:

when devices such as a power divider or a radio frequency switch are not accessed, the isolation between the incident port of the end-fire antenna and the incident port of the side-fire antenna is larger than 15 dB; the reason for setting the isolation degree to be more than 15dB is that in order to make the end-fire antenna and the side-fire antenna independent from each other and reduce coupling, otherwise, the radio frequency switch cannot normally play a role in switching the radiation direction; the power divider cannot function for normal power distribution. The antenna port isolation degree of more than 15dB is usually realized by the distance between two antennas of more than one wavelength, and other methods can be adopted to improve the antenna isolation degree and meet the requirements of more than 15dB, such as a high-resistance surface method, an active decoupling method and the like. The vivaldi antenna in this embodiment is port isolation achieved by increasing the distance, and the WHEMS antenna is high port isolation achieved by a surface wave self-suppression technique.

When a power divider or a radio frequency switch or other devices are not accessed, the gain of the end-fire antenna in the side-fire direction is smaller than the gain of the side-fire antenna in the side-fire direction by a first difference X, and/or the gain of the side-fire antenna in the end-fire direction is smaller than the gain of the end-fire antenna in the end-fire direction by a first difference X ≧ 5 dB. The identification degree of the orthogonal bidirectional radar in the orthogonal bidirectional direction can be increased by setting according to the condition, otherwise, the bidirectional orthogonal cannot play a due role, when the radio frequency switch is connected, the system can play an effect of orthogonal bidirectional time-sharing work, and a working side-fire antenna/end-fire antenna cannot cause interference to an end-fire antenna/side-fire antenna which does not work. To satisfy this condition, the beam and gain of the antenna can be changed by adding a director, a parasitic element, a reflector, and the like.

In other embodiments the type of end-fire antenna may be a vivaldi antenna, a yagi antenna, a quasi-yagi antenna, or a log-periodic antenna.

The type of broadside antenna may be a loop slot antenna, a loop antenna, or a patch antenna in other embodiments.

The power divider has a filtering function, and is preferably a Wilkinson power divider.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, it can be seen from the transmitting antenna patterns and the gain results that the orthogonal bidirectional radar antenna with one transmitting, two receiving and mixed side-transmitting end-transmitting of the present embodiment has good bidirectional radiation characteristics in both end-transmitting and side-transmitting directions.

The invention provides one specific implementation mode of various implementation modes for the active decoupling method, the high-resistance surface method, the distance method and the increase of parasitic units:

an active decoupling method, as shown in fig. 9, is a method for realizing isolation between an end-fire part and a side-fire part in an orthogonal dual-polarized transmitting antenna by using an active decoupling method, and the method realizes cancellation of coupling interference signals by constructing a 180-degree phase difference on a connecting line of the end-fire part and the side-fire part, thereby realizing high isolation.

The distance method, as shown in fig. 10, is a method for achieving isolation between an end-fire portion and a side-fire portion in an orthogonal dual-polarized transmitting antenna by increasing the distance. It is well known that electromagnetic waves are rapidly attenuated as the distance increases. The method achieves high isolation by increasing the distance between the end-fire and side-fire sections.

As shown in fig. 11, the high resistance surface method is a method for realizing isolation between an end-fire part and a side-fire part in an orthogonal dual-polarized transmitting antenna by using the high resistance surface method. The method realizes high isolation by adding a high-resistance surface between the end-fire part and the side-fire part to inhibit and attenuate coupled signals.

The parasitic element is added, as shown in fig. 12, in a method for adjusting the beam and gain of the antenna by adding the parasitic element, and the beam and gain of the antenna are adjusted by adding the parasitic element of metal or medium around the antenna, so as to satisfy the condition that the gain of the endfire antenna in the broadside direction is less than at least 5dB than the gain of the endfire antenna in the broadside direction, or the gain of the endfire antenna in the endfire direction is less than at least 5dB than the gain of the endfire antenna in the endfire direction.

Example 2

The difference between the embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the number of end-fire antennas is multiple, and the end-fire antennas are connected in parallel to form an end-fire antenna array; the number of the side-emitting antennas is multiple, and the side-emitting antennas are connected in parallel to form a side-emitting antenna array, so that the multiple-emitting and multiple-receiving functions are realized on one PCB, the requirements of different application environments are flexibly met, and the performance of an antenna system is improved.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a communication apparatus including a bidirectional radiation antenna as described in embodiment 1, the orthogonal bidirectional radar antenna being configured to perform transmission/reception detection in a direction perpendicular to the ground and to perform transmission/reception detection in a direction parallel to the ground.

The embodiment also provides a monitoring auxiliary device, which comprises the communication device, and the applicable frequency ranges comprise 24GHz and 30 GHz-300 GHz.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The antenna is characterized by comprising an end-fire antenna and a side-fire antenna, wherein the end-fire antenna and the side-fire antenna are arranged on the same PCB, and an included angle between a main polarization direction of the end-fire antenna and a main polarization direction of the side-fire antenna is 80-100 degrees.

2. An antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the endfire antenna transmits and/or receives in a direction parallel to the plane of the PCB and the broadside antenna transmits and/or receives in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the PCB.

3. An antenna according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of end-fire antennas are connected in parallel to form an end-fire antenna array, and a plurality of side-fire antennas are connected in parallel to form a side-fire antenna array.

4. An antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the endfire antenna is of the type vivaldi antenna, yagi antenna, quasi-yagi antenna or log periodic antenna.

5. An antenna as claimed in claim 4, wherein the broadside antenna is of the slot-loop, slot, loop or patch type.

6. An antenna device comprising a power divider and an antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rf signals input to the power divider are output to the endfire antenna and the broadside antenna, respectively.

7. The antenna apparatus of claim 6, wherein the power divider is a Wilkinson power divider.

8. An antenna arrangement comprising a radio frequency switch and an antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the incident port of the endfire antenna and the incident port of the broadside antenna are both connected to the radio frequency switch, and wherein the radio frequency switch is arranged to switch between the endfire antenna and the broadside antenna.