CN217034413U - Multiplexing pupil expanding waveguide and AR glasses - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide and AR glasses, which are used for expanding a pupil of an image light source of the AR glasses, wherein the waveguide comprises a first incident grating, a second incident grating and a pupil-expanding grating; the first incident grating and the second incident grating are respectively arranged on two sides of the pupil expanding grating; the first incident grating and the second incident grating are used for synchronously receiving the image light source, synchronously converting the image light source into first incident light and coupling and synchronizing the first incident light to the pupil expanding grating; the pupil expansion grating converts the incident first incident light into second incident light, and performs transverse pupil expansion on the second incident light to increase the transverse range of the observable image. By implementing the utility model, the waveguide light effect is improved, and the problem of poor AR image effect is solved; the rectangular grating enables the light source to be multiplexed, the high-luminous-efficiency pupil expanding technology is achieved, and AR experience is improved.

Description

Multiplexing pupil expanding waveguide and AR glasses

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of AR, in particular to a multiplexing pupil expanding waveguide and AR glasses.

Background

The AR augmented reality technology is a near-eye display system, and a pixel picture on a display forms a far virtual image through a series of optical imaging elements and projects the far virtual image into human eyes. AR glasses require a perspective (see-through) to see both the real outside world and virtual information, so the imaging system cannot be in front of the line of sight. In order to achieve the effect, one more optical element or one more group of optical elements or devices are needed to be added to integrate the virtual information image and the real world scene in an overlapping mode, namely augmented reality.

The existing products or technologies for realizing AR mainly include: 1 free-form surface technology; 2 an optical prism; 3, holographic film; 4 optical waveguide technology. Among them, the optical waveguide scheme is most promising in terms of difficulty and cost in optical effect, appearance form, and mass production. The core principle of the optical waveguide is that the optical waveguide couples an image into a glass substrate, and then the light is released in a special mode after being transmitted to a specific position in front of eyes along a lens by utilizing the principle of total reflection. Whereas conventional optical waveguide technologies are divided into geometric optical waveguides and diffractive optical waveguides. The geometrical optical waveguide has a low overall yield due to its complicated manufacturing process, which results in a difficult and costly mass production. Thus, the main flow direction is a diffractive light waveguide.

Because the interpupillary distances between two eyes of human eyes are different in reality, the distance difference between people of different sexes and ages is large and can reach nearly 30 mm. The near-eye imaging system image is generally not large, and the exit pupil beam is generally about 5mm in diameter due to the limitation of the size, weight and volume of the AR glasses device. Due to different distances between the two pupils of different eyes, the difference between the pupils can reach 30 mm at most, which may cause that some users can only observe the incomplete picture or even can not observe the picture completely.

In order to solve the problem of pupil distance difference, a pupil expanding technology is provided, and an array is added in the front section of the glasses, for example, a semi-transparent mirror array is used for a geometric waveguide, so that a plurality of exit pupils are formed, namely, a plurality of exit pupils are duplicated along the array direction, and the original viewing position with the diameter of 5mm is expanded to a larger distance in the array direction according to different arrays (the distance is determined according to an actual mirror array).

The existing pupil expanding technology adopts a geometric waveguide technology, the size is large, although the total light exit area is increased by a plurality of exit pupils copied in the pupil expanding technology, the brightness of a picture light source is greatly reduced, and the AR visual effect is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The existing pupil expanding technology greatly reduces the light efficiency while increasing the light emergent area, and influences the AR visual experience.

Aiming at the problems, the multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide and the AR glasses are provided, and the rectangular grating is multiplexed by the first image light source, the second image light source, the first incident grating and the second incident grating, so that the waveguide light effect is improved, and the problem of poor AR image effect is solved; the rectangular grating enables the light source to be multiplexed, the high-luminous-efficiency pupil expanding technology is realized, and AR experience is improved; the surface relief diffraction grating is adopted, so that the volume is small, and the mass production and yield are good.

In a first aspect, a multiplexed pupil expanding waveguide for expanding a pupil of an image light source of AR glasses, comprises:

a first incident grating;

a second incident grating;

a pupil expanding grating;

the first incident grating and the second incident grating are respectively arranged on two sides of the pupil expansion grating;

the first incident grating and the second incident grating are used for synchronously receiving an image light source, synchronously converting the image light source into first incident rays and coupling and synchronizing the first incident rays to the pupil expanding grating;

the pupil expansion grating converts the incident first incident light into second incident light, and performs transverse pupil expansion on the second incident light to increase the transverse range of the observable image.

In a first possible implementation manner, in combination with the multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide of the present invention, the first and second incident gratings are rectangular gratings.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner and the second possible implementation manner of the present invention, in a second possible implementation manner, the pupil expansion grating is a rectangular grating.

With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the present invention, in a third possible implementation manner, the periodic structures of the first incident grating, the second incident grating and the pupil expanding grating are the same.

With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the present invention, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the first incident grating, the second incident grating, and the pupil expansion grating are diffraction gratings.

With reference to the fourth possible embodiment of the present invention, in a fifth possible embodiment, the first entrance grating, the second entrance grating, and the pupil expanding grating all use surface relief gratings, and the multiplexed pupil expanding waveguide is disposed on a glass substrate of the AR glasses.

In a sixth possible implementation manner of the multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide according to the present invention, the first entrance grating and the second entrance grating are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the rectangular grating, respectively.

A second aspect, AR glasses, comprising:

the multiplexed pupil expanding waveguide of the first aspect;

a first image light source;

a second image light source;

the multiplex pupil expanding waveguide is symmetrically arranged on the left glasses and the right glasses, the first image light sources are symmetrically arranged on the left glasses frame and the right glasses frame, and the second image light sources are arranged at the middle nose support positions;

the first image light source and the second image light source are used for synchronously emitting the same image light to the first incident grating and the second incident grating.

The multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide and the AR glasses have the following technical effects:

firstly, a first image light source, a second image light source, a first incident grating and a second incident grating are arranged to multiplex a rectangular grating, so that the waveguide light effect is improved, and the problem of poor AR image effect is solved;

secondly, the light source is multiplexed by the rectangular grating, the high-luminous-efficiency pupil expanding technology is realized, and the AR experience is improved;

thirdly, the surface relief diffraction grating is adopted, so that the volume is small, and the mass production performance and the yield are good.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a first schematic of a multiplexed pupil expanding waveguide of the present invention;

figure 2 is a second schematic of a multiplexed pupil expanding waveguide of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of AR eyeglasses according to the present invention;

the names of the parts designated by the numbers in the drawings are as follows: 100-multiplexing pupil expanding waveguide, 110-first incident grating, 120-second incident grating, 130-expanding pupil grating, 140-human eye, 101-first light, 102-second light, 210-first image light source, 220-second image light source.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the utility model, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Other embodiments, which can be obtained by persons skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The existing pupil expanding technology greatly reduces the lighting effect while increasing the light emergent area, and influences the AR visual experience.

In order to solve the above problems, a multiplexed pupil-expanding waveguide 100 and AR glasses are proposed.

In a first aspect, a multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide 100, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a first schematic diagram of the multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide 100 of the present invention, which is used for expanding a pupil of an image light source of an AR glasses, and includes a first incident grating 110, a second incident grating 120, and a pupil-expanding grating 130; the first incident grating 110 and the second incident grating 120 are respectively disposed at two sides of the pupil grating 130; the first and second incident gratings 110 and 120 are used for synchronously receiving the image light source, synchronously converting the image light source into a first incident light and coupling the first incident light to the pupil expanding grating 130; the pupil expansion grating 130 transforms the incident first incident light into a second incident light, and performs a lateral pupil expansion on the second incident light to increase the area of the light incident on the human eye 140.

Generally, the AR glasses include two lenses, the multiplexed pupil expanding waveguide 100 in this application, symmetrically disposed on the two lenses of the AR glasses.

Preferably, the first incident grating 110 and the second incident grating 120 are rectangular gratings; the pupil grating 130 is a rectangular grating.

Preferably, the periodic structures of the first and second incident gratings 110 and 120 and the pupil grating 130 are the same.

The first incident grating 110 and the second incident grating 120 are light coupling gratings, the rectangular grating is a coupling grating, and the periodic structure of the coupling grating is the same as that of the coupling grating, so that the same shape of the image observed by each exit pupil is ensured.

The rectangular grating is multiplexed by the arrangement of the first image light source 210, the second image light source 220, the first incident grating 110 and the second incident grating 120, so that the waveguide light effect is improved, and the problem of poor AR image effect is solved;

the first incident grating 110 and the second incident grating 120 couple image light into the waveguide, the first light 101 is totally reflected in the waveguide, the first light 101 is coupled to a rectangular grating on the surface of the waveguide, the rectangular grating converts the incident first light 101 to obtain a second light 102, and the second light 102 is expanded to increase the area of the light emitted to human eyes 140.

The first incident grating 110, the second incident grating 120, and the pupil expansion grating are diffraction gratings. The rectangular grating enables light sources to be multiplexed, a high-luminous-efficiency pupil expanding technology is realized, and AR experience is improved; the surface relief diffraction grating is adopted, so that the volume is small, and the mass production and yield are good.

Preferably, the first incident grating 110, the second incident grating 120 and the pupil expanding grating are surface relief gratings, and the multiplexing pupil expanding waveguide 100 is disposed on a glass substrate of the AR glasses.

Preferably, the first incident grating 110 and the second incident grating 120 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the rectangular grating, respectively.

Multiplexing a rectangular grating principle:

referring to fig. 2 and fig. 2, which is a second schematic view of the multiplexed pupil-expanding waveguide 100 of the present invention, the first and second incident gratings 110 and 120 couple image light into the waveguide to convert the image light into the first light 101, the first light 101 is totally reflected in the waveguide, a portion of the first light 101 is released by diffraction each time it encounters a rectangular grating on the surface of the glass substrate to enter the eye, and the remaining portion of the first light continues to propagate in the waveguide until it next hits the rectangular grating on the surface of the waveguide, so as to realize a one-dimensional pupil expansion of the multiplexed pupil-expanding waveguide 100.

The rectangular grating has a structure with a much larger area than the first incidence grating 110 and the second incidence grating, and the first light is converted into the second light 102 after passing through the rectangular grating, and the second light 102 is expanded into M X1 pupils (i.e., a one-dimensional array in the X direction).

In a second aspect, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the AR glasses of the present invention, which includes a multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide 100, a first image light source 210, and a second image light source 220; the multiplexing pupil expanding waveguide 100 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right glasses, the first image light source 210 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right glasses frame, and the second image light source 220 is arranged at the middle nose support position; the first image light source 210 and the second image light source 220 are used for synchronously emitting the same image light to the first incident grating 110 and the second incident grating 120.

The first and second incident gratings 110 and 120 couple image light into the waveguide, the first light 101 is totally reflected in the waveguide, a part of light is released into the eye by diffraction each time the first light 101 encounters a rectangular grating on the surface of the glass substrate, and the remaining part of light continues to propagate in the waveguide until the next time the light strikes the rectangular grating on the surface of the waveguide, so that the one-dimensional extended pupil of the multiplexed extended pupil waveguide 100 is realized.

The implementation of the multiplexing pupil-expanding waveguide 100 and the AR glasses of the utility model has the following technical effects:

firstly, a first image light source 210, a second image light source 220, a first incident grating 110 and a second incident grating 120 are arranged to multiplex rectangular gratings, so that the waveguide light effect is improved, and the problem of poor AR image effect is solved;

secondly, the arranged rectangular grating enables light sources to be multiplexed, a high-luminous-efficiency pupil expanding technology is realized, and AR experience is improved;

thirdly, the surface relief diffraction grating is adopted, so that the volume is small, and the mass production performance and the yield are good.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A multiplexed pupil expanding waveguide for expanding a pupil of an image light source of AR glasses, comprising:

a first incident grating;

a second incident grating;

a pupil expanding grating;

the first incident grating and the second incident grating are respectively arranged on two sides of the pupil expanding grating;

the first incident grating and the second incident grating are used for synchronously receiving an image light source, synchronously converting the image light source into first incident rays and coupling and synchronizing the first incident rays to the pupil expanding grating;

the pupil expanding grating converts the incident first incident light into second incident light, and performs transverse pupil expanding on the second incident light to increase the transverse range of the observable image.

2. The multiplexed pupil waveguide of claim 1 wherein the first and second entrance gratings are rectangular gratings.

3. The multiplexed pupil waveguide of claim 2 wherein the pupil grating is a rectangular grating.

4. The multiplexed pupil waveguide of claim 3 wherein the first and second entrance gratings have the same periodic structure as the pupil grating.

5. The multiplexed pupil waveguide of claim 4 wherein the first entrance grating, the second entrance grating, and the pupil grating are diffraction gratings.

6. The multiplexed pupil waveguide of claim 5 wherein the first, second and pupil gratings are surface relief gratings and the multiplexed pupil waveguide is disposed on a glass substrate of AR glasses.

7. The multiplexed pupil waveguide of any one of claims 2 to 6 wherein the first and second entrance gratings are symmetrically disposed on either side of the rectangular grating.

8. AR eyewear, comprising:

the multiplexed pupil expanding waveguide of claim 7;

a first image light source;

a second image light source;

the multiplex pupil expanding waveguide is symmetrically arranged on the left glasses and the right glasses, the first image light sources are symmetrically arranged on the left glasses frame and the right glasses frame, and the second image light sources are arranged at the middle nose support positions;

the first image light source and the second image light source are used for synchronously emitting the same image light to the first incident grating and the second incident grating.

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