CN217030808U - Store hydrogen system - Google Patents
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- CN217030808U CN217030808U CN202123393594.1U CN202123393594U CN217030808U CN 217030808 U CN217030808 U CN 217030808U CN 202123393594 U CN202123393594 U CN 202123393594U CN 217030808 U CN217030808 U CN 217030808U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model provides a hydrogen storage and release system, which comprises a hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen storage and release unit and a hydrogen utilization unit, wherein the hydrogen production unit is used for producing hydrogen, the output end of the hydrogen production unit is connected with the input end of the hydrogen storage and release unit, and the hydrogen storage and release unit is used for receiving the hydrogen conveyed by the hydrogen production unit and sucking the hydrogen to store or release the hydrogen; the input end of the hydrogen using unit is connected with the output end of the hydrogen storage unit and used for consuming hydrogen. The utility model can determine the capacity configuration of the hydrogen storage and release unit according to the scale of demand and the characteristics of the hydrogen storage material, and simultaneously realizes the absorption of hydrogen source, the storage of hydrogen and the release of terminal hydrogen by dividing the hydrogen storage and release system into different hydrogen storage and release modules, thereby meeting the production demand with economic capacity configuration.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy and fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen storage and discharge system.
Background
In hydrogen energy applications, on-demand storage and release of hydrogen is a significant issue affecting the safety and cost of using hydrogen. The most widely used gas-state hydrogen storage at present has the problems of poor safety and low hydrogen storage density, the explosion danger and the storage tank with an ultra-large volume can greatly increase the occupied area and the management cost in large-scale hydrogen energy storage application, the hydrogen gas is not completely released by the gas hydrogen storage tank, certain hydrogen gas allowance loss can be caused, and the release speed is slowed down due to the reduction of the residual pressure of a gas cylinder in the later stage of the hydrogen release process.
The hydrogen storage and release by utilizing the hydrogen absorption and release reaction of the liquid organic matter and the solid metal alloy are the hot directions of the current hydrogen storage research, and the hydrogen storage products of the liquid organic matter and the solid metal alloy are stable compounds under normal pressure, so that the safety of hydrogen storage is greatly improved, and especially when the hydrogen storage is applied in the industries of energy sources, power generation and the like, the safety advantage is more important. However, the coupling of liquid organic matter and solid metal hydrogen storage with the front-end hydrogen production and terminal hydrogen energy utilization requirements in the industry at present lacks research and understanding, and lacks design and operation schemes of a hydrogen storage and release system capable of guiding actual production and operation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve at least one technical problem in the related art to a certain extent, and the embodiment of the utility model provides a hydrogen storage and release system.
In view of this, according to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a hydrogen storage system, including a hydrogen storage unit including a plurality of hydrogen storage modules connected in parallel; the hydrogen storage and release module comprises a reactor provided with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and a hydrogen storage and release material is arranged in the reactor and used for absorbing or releasing hydrogen; the hydrogen inlet is connected with the input end of the hydrogen storage and discharge unit, and the hydrogen outlet is connected with the output end of the hydrogen storage and discharge unit.
In some embodiments, flow regulating valves are respectively arranged on the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet.
In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage system further comprises:
the output end of the hydrogen production unit is connected with the input end of the hydrogen storage and discharge unit and is used for producing hydrogen and outputting the hydrogen to the hydrogen storage and discharge unit; and
and the input end of the hydrogen using unit is connected with the output end of the hydrogen storage and discharge unit and is used for consuming hydrogen.
In some embodiments, when the average hydrogen desorption speed of the hydrogen storage and desorption material is less than the average hydrogen absorption speed thereof, the number of the hydrogen storage and desorption modules is two, and the mass m of the hydrogen storage and desorption material in each hydrogen storage and desorption module0＝q/w1；
Wherein q is the average hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen unit, and the unit is kg/h; w is a1The average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage and release material is given in kgH2/kg/h。
In some embodiments, the hydrogen production capacity Q of the hydrogen production unitP＝q*w1/w2；
Wherein q is the average hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen units, and the unit is kg/h; w is a1The average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage and release material is given in kgH2/kg/h；w2Is the average hydrogen absorption speed of the hydrogen storage and release material and has the unit of kgH2/kg/h。
In some embodiments, when the average hydrogen discharge rate of the hydrogen storage material is not less than the average hydrogen absorption rate, the number of the hydrogen storage modules is
N＝[(w1/w2+1)*A]]；
The mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage module is m0＝q/w1/A；
Wherein m is1/Nm0<α；minA＝<m1/Nm0>；
Wherein w1The average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage and release material is given in kgH2/kg/h；w2Is the average hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage and release material, and has the unit of kgH2Per kg/h; a is an integer and represents that the demand of hydrogen is met when A modules perform hydrogen discharge simultaneously; []Is an upward rounding value;<>is a rounded down value; q is the average hydrogen using flow rate of the hydrogen using unit, and the unit is kg/h; m is1Is the minimum value of the sum of the masses of the hydrogen storage materials in the hydrogen storage unit; alpha is the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen storage and release material and the actual valueThe mass deviation of the hydrogen storage and discharge material is 5-10%.
In some embodiments, the total mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage unit is m-N m0；m0Mass of the hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage module; wherein N is the number of the hydrogen storage and release modules in the hydrogen storage and release unit.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen storage and discharge system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
The device comprises a hydrogen production unit 1, a hydrogen storage unit 2, a hydrogen utilization unit 3, a hydrogen storage module 4, a hydrogen inlet 5, a hydrogen outlet 6, a reactor 7 and a flow regulating valve 8.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, according to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen storage system is provided, which includes a hydrogen production unit 1, a hydrogen storage unit 2, and a hydrogen utilization unit 3, wherein the hydrogen production unit 1 is configured to produce hydrogen, an output end of the hydrogen production unit 1 is connected to an input end of the hydrogen storage unit 2, the hydrogen storage unit 2 is configured to receive the hydrogen delivered by the hydrogen production unit 1, and the hydrogen is temporarily stored by sucking in the hydrogen; the input end of the hydrogen unit 3 is connected with the output end of the hydrogen storage unit 2 for consuming hydrogen; when the hydrogen using unit 3 consumes the hydrogen gas, the hydrogen storage and discharge unit 2 releases the hydrogen gas for use in the hydrogen using unit 3.
Wherein the hydrogen storage unit 2 comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage modules 4 connected in parallel; the hydrogen storage and discharge module 4 comprises reactors 7 provided with hydrogen inlets 5 and hydrogen outlets 6, namely a plurality of reactors 7 are connected in parallel, and the hydrogen inlet 5 of each reactor 7 is connected with the output end of the hydrogen production unit 1; the hydrogen outlet 6 of each reactor 7 is connected to the input of the hydrogen using unit 3. Advantageously, each of the straight pipes of the hydrogen inlet 5 and the hydrogen outlet 6 is provided with a flow regulating valve 8, which can regulate the flow of hydrogen on the pipeline or regulate the on-off state of the pipeline.
The reactor 7 is provided with a hydrogen storage and release material, and the hydrogen storage and release material can absorb or release hydrogen at a certain temperature and pressure according to a certain amount of hydrogen storage and release material arranged in the reactor 7. Optionally, the hydrogen storage and release material is an organic liquid or a solid hydrogen storage alloy with hydrogen storage and release capacity.
It should be noted that the mass of the hydrogen storage material of the hydrogen storage unit 2 and the number of the hydrogen storage modules 4 are determined according to the properties of the hydrogen storage material, such as the hydrogen storage density, the hydrogen absorption rate, the hydrogen desorption rate, and the demand of the hydrogen unit 3.
In some embodiments, when the average hydrogen desorption rate of the hydrogen storage material is less than the average hydrogen absorption rate thereof, the number of the hydrogen storage modules 4 is two, and the mass m of the hydrogen storage material in each hydrogen storage module 40＝q/w1；
Wherein q is the hydrogen flow rate when the hydrogen unit 3 is used for averaging, and the unit is kg/h; w is a1Average hydrogen release rate in kgH for hydrogen storage and release material2/kg/h。
The thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of a specific hydrogen storage and release material are the performances of the hydrogen storage and release material, namely: density d of hydrogen storage and desorption1(wt%), average hydrogen desorption rate w1(kgH2Kg/h and the average hydrogen absorption rate w2(kgH2/kg/h); density d of hydrogen storage and desorption1Average hydrogen desorption rate w1And average hydrogen absorption velocity w2The data can be provided by the material producer, or byPCT test, etc.
According to the performance of the hydrogen storage and release material, the hydrogen storage and release material is divided into two types, wherein the average hydrogen release speed is less than the average hydrogen absorption speed; the other is that the average hydrogen releasing speed is larger than or equal to the average hydrogen absorbing speed; the number of the hydrogen storage modules 4 in the hydrogen storage system and the total amount of the hydrogen storage material provided in the hydrogen storage unit 2 are different for different hydrogen storage materials.
When the average hydrogen discharging speed of the hydrogen storage and discharge material is less than the average hydrogen absorption speed, the hydrogen storage and discharge material can store enough hydrogen for the hydrogen unit 3, so that the number of the hydrogen storage and discharge modules 4 can be two, the hydrogen using requirement of the hydrogen unit 3 can be met when each hydrogen storage and discharge module 4 releases hydrogen independently, and the mass m of the hydrogen storage and discharge material in each hydrogen storage and discharge module 40＝q/w1，
Hydrogen production capacity Q of Hydrogen production Unit 1P＝q*w1/w2；
Wherein q is the hydrogen flow rate when the hydrogen unit 3 is used for averaging, and the unit is kg/h; w is a1Is the average hydrogen discharge speed of hydrogen storage and discharge material, and has the unit of kgH2/kg/h；w2Is the average hydrogen absorption rate of hydrogen storage and release material, and has a unit of kgH2/kg/h。
The method for storing and releasing hydrogen by using the system when the average hydrogen releasing speed of the hydrogen storage and release material is less than the average hydrogen absorbing speed comprises the following steps:
calculating the period T of the hydrogen storage and release module 4 for releasing the hydrogen
T＝m0*d1/w1；
Wherein m is0Mass, w, of hydrogen storage material for a single hydrogen storage module 41Average hydrogen release rate in kgH for hydrogen storage and release material2/kg/h；d1The density unit of the hydrogen storage and release material is wt%;
in a period T, a hydrogen storage and release module 4 saturated by hydrogen releases hydrogen for the hydrogen unit 3; over a plurality of periods T, two hydrogen-saturated hydrogen storage and discharge modules 4 release hydrogen gas to the hydrogen using unit 3 in sequence.
Specifically, at the time when T is equal to 0, all the hydrogen storage and release modules 4 are in a hydrogen saturation state, a period T of hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage and release modules 4 is calculated, and one hydrogen storage and release module 4 releases hydrogen to the hydrogen using unit 3 within a time period from 0 to T; in the next period T, namely the T-2T time period, another hydrogen storage and release module 4 releases hydrogen for the hydrogen unit 3, and in this time period, the previous hydrogen storage and release module 4 which releases hydrogen absorbs the hydrogen output by the hydrogen production unit 1 until the hydrogen is saturated.
Adjusting the charging speed to make the average hydrogen absorption speed of the hydrogen storage material equal to the average hydrogen discharge speed of the hydrogen storage material even if the charging speed is equal to w1The filling time of each module is t;
t＝m0*d1/w1＝T。
the period in which the T hydrogen storage module 4 releases hydrogen; m is a unit of0Mass of hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage and discharge module 4; density d of hydrogen storage and desorption1(wt％)；w1Is the average hydrogen discharge speed of hydrogen storage and discharge material, and has the unit of kgH2/kg/h。
Therefore, in a period T, only one hydrogen storage and release module 4 saturated with hydrogen releases hydrogen for the hydrogen unit 3, and simultaneously, the other hydrogen storage and release module 4 absorbs the hydrogen output by the hydrogen production unit 1 when the hydrogen is unsaturated until the hydrogen is saturated; over a plurality of periods T, two hydrogen-saturated hydrogen storage and discharge modules 4 release hydrogen gas to the hydrogen using unit 3 in sequence.
In some embodiments, when the average hydrogen discharge rate of the hydrogen storage material is not less than the average hydrogen absorption rate, indicating that the hydrogen storage material cannot store a sufficient amount of hydrogen for the applicable hydrogen unit 3, the hydrogen storage material in the plurality of reactors 7 is required to release hydrogen gas to the applicable hydrogen unit 3 at the same time, and thus, the hydrogen storage material in the plurality of reactors 7 is required to release hydrogen gas to the applicable hydrogen unit 3 at the same time
The number of the hydrogen storage and discharge modules 4 is
N＝[(w1/w2+1)*A]]；
The mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage and release module 4 is m0＝q/w1/A；
Wherein m is1/Nm0<α；minA＝<m1/Nm0>；
Wherein m is1＝(w1/w2+1)*q/w1
w1Is the average hydrogen discharge speed of hydrogen storage and discharge material, and has the unit of kgH2/kg/h；w2The average hydrogen absorption rate of hydrogen storage and discharge material is given in kgH2Per kg/h; a is an integer and represents that the demand of hydrogen can be met when A modules are simultaneously subjected to hydrogen discharge; []Is an upward rounding value;<>is a rounded down value; q is the hydrogen flow rate when the hydrogen unit 3 is used on average, and the unit is kg/h; m is1Is the minimum value of the sum of the masses of the hydrogen storage materials in the hydrogen storage unit 2; alpha is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen storage and release material and the actual mass of the hydrogen storage and release material, and the value is 5-10%.
The total mass of the hydrogen storage and release material in the hydrogen storage and release unit 2 is m ═ N × m0；m0Mass of hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage and discharge module 4; wherein N is the number of hydrogen storage modules 4 in the hydrogen storage unit 2.
The method for storing and releasing hydrogen by the system when the average hydrogen releasing speed of the hydrogen storage and release material is not less than the average hydrogen absorbing speed comprises the following steps:
dividing the hydrogen storage and release modules 4 into k groups, wherein k is [ N/A ]; wherein A is an integer and represents that the demand of hydrogen utilization can be met when A modules are simultaneously subjected to hydrogen discharge; n is the number of hydrogen storage and discharge modules 4; [] Is a rounded down value;
calculating the period T of releasing hydrogen of each group of A hydrogen storage and release modules 4;
T＝m0*d1/w1；
wherein m is0Mass, w, of hydrogen storage material for a single hydrogen storage module 41Average hydrogen release rate in kgH for hydrogen storage and release material2/kg/h；d1The density unit of the hydrogen storage and release material is wt%;
in a period T, a group of A hydrogen storage and discharge modules 4 saturated by hydrogen release hydrogen for the hydrogen unit 3 at the same time; the hydrogen storage and release modules 4 sequentially release hydrogen gas to the hydrogen using units 3 in a plurality of periods T.
Specifically, at the time when t is 0, all the hydrogen storage and release modules 4 are in a hydrogen saturation state, the plurality of hydrogen storage and release modules 4 are divided into k groups, each group is a,
k ═ N/a ]; wherein A is an integer and represents that the demand of hydrogen utilization can be met when A modules are simultaneously subjected to hydrogen discharge; n is the number of hydrogen storage and discharge modules 4; [] Is a rounded down value;
wherein the first group is numbered 1.. A; a second group is numbered a +1.. 2A; ........... kth group is numbered kA +1, …, kA + n;
calculating the period T of releasing hydrogen of each group of A hydrogen storage and release modules 4;
T＝m0*d1/w1；
a group of A hydrogen storage and release modules 4 has a hydrogen absorption period t ═ m0*d1/w2Wherein m is0*d1/w2＝w1/w2T；
Wherein m is0Mass, w, of hydrogen storage material for a single hydrogen storage module 41Average hydrogen release rate in kgH for hydrogen storage and release material2/kg/h；w2The average hydrogen absorption rate of hydrogen storage and discharge material is given in kgH2/kg/h；d1The density unit of the hydrogen storage material is wt%.
The first group of hydrogen storage and release modules 4 releases hydrogen to the hydrogen using units 3 within the time of 0-T; in the next period T, i.e. the T-2T period, the first group of hydrogen storage and release modules 4 releases hydrogen to the hydrogen using unit 3, and in this period, the first group of hydrogen storage and release modules 4 releasing hydrogen absorbs hydrogen output by the hydrogen producing unit 1 until hydrogen is saturated.
During the (s-1) T-sT (1< s < k), the s-th group of hydrogen storage modules 4 releases hydrogen for the hydrogen unit 3, and during the time period, the s-1 group releasing hydrogen and the previous groups of hydrogen storage modules 4 in an unfilled state absorb the hydrogen output by the hydrogen production unit 1 until the hydrogen is saturated.
It should be noted that, when the number of the kth group of hydrogen storage modules 4 is less than a within the (k-1) T-kT time, the number of the hydrogen storage modules 4 of the first group is 1, 2, etc. from kA +1, … kA + n until the number of the hydrogen storage modules 4 of the first group is a, hydrogen is released to the hydrogen using unit 3 at the same time.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "an embodiment," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A hydrogen storage and release system is characterized by comprising a hydrogen storage and release unit, a hydrogen storage and release unit and a hydrogen release unit, wherein the hydrogen storage and release unit comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage and release modules which are connected in parallel; the hydrogen storage and release module comprises a reactor provided with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and a hydrogen storage and release material is arranged in the reactor and used for absorbing or releasing hydrogen; the hydrogen inlet is connected with the input end of the hydrogen storage and discharge unit, and the hydrogen outlet is connected with the output end of the hydrogen storage and discharge unit.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein flow regulating valves are respectively arranged on the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising
The output end of the hydrogen production unit is connected with the input end of the hydrogen storage and release unit and is used for producing hydrogen and outputting the hydrogen to the hydrogen storage and release unit; and
and the input end of the hydrogen using unit is connected with the output end of the hydrogen storage and discharge unit and is used for consuming hydrogen.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein when the average hydrogen desorption rate of the hydrogen storage and desorption material is less than the average hydrogen absorption rate thereof, the number of the hydrogen storage and desorption modules is two, and the mass m of the hydrogen storage and desorption material in each hydrogen storage and desorption module is0＝q/w1；
Wherein q is the average hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen unit, and the unit is kg/h; w is a1Is the average hydrogen discharge speed of the hydrogen storage and discharge material and has the unit of kgH2/kg/h。
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the hydrogen production capacity Q of the hydrogen production unitP＝q*w1/w2；
Wherein q is the average hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen units, and the unit is kg/h; w is a1Is the average hydrogen discharge speed of the hydrogen storage and discharge material and has the unit of kgH2/kg/h；w2Is the average hydrogen absorption speed of the hydrogen storage and release material and has the unit of kgH2/kg/h。
6. The system of claim 3, wherein the number of the hydrogen storage and release modules is equal to or greater than the average hydrogen absorption speed of the hydrogen storage and release material when the average hydrogen release speed is not less than the average hydrogen absorption speed
N＝[(w1/w2+1)*A]]；
The mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage module is m0＝q/w1/A；
Wherein m is1/Nm0<α；minA＝<m1/Nm0>；
Wherein w1The average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage and release material is given in kgH2/kg/h；w2Is the average hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage and release material, and has the unit of kgH2Per kg/h; a is an integer and represents that the demand of hydrogen utilization is met when A modules perform hydrogen discharge simultaneously; []Is an upward rounding value;<>is a rounded down value; q is the average hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen consumption unit, and the unit is kg/h; m is a unit of1Is the minimum value of the sum of the masses of the hydrogen storage materials in the hydrogen storage unit; alpha is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen storage and release material and the actual mass of the hydrogen storage and release material, and the value is 5-10%.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the total mass of said hydrogen storage material in said hydrogen storage unit is m-N m0；m0Mass of the hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage and discharge module; wherein N is the number of the hydrogen storage and release modules in the hydrogen storage and release unit.
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