CN217011567U - Box type refrigeration equipment and data center - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides box formula refrigeration plant and data center belongs to refrigeration technology field, if belong to for cloud ware heat dissipation field. The box type refrigeration equipment comprises an air heat exchanger and a plurality of air conditioning units; each air conditioning unit comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, wherein the compressor is respectively connected with the condenser and the evaporator through pipelines, and the condenser is connected with the evaporator through a pipeline; the air heat exchanger comprises a hot air outlet and a cold air outlet, a plurality of condensers are positioned at the hot air outlet, and a plurality of evaporators are positioned at the cold air outlet; the plurality of condensers are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the hot air outlet, and/or the plurality of evaporators are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the cold air outlet. By the method and the device, energy consumption of the data center can be reduced.

Description

Box type refrigeration equipment and data center

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to box type refrigeration equipment and a data center.

Background

A box type refrigeration device, which may also be referred to as a box type air conditioner, ahu (air Handle unit) for short, is one of the major modular air conditioning and refrigeration units currently used in data centers.

How to reduce the energy consumption of the data center on the basis of ensuring good heat dissipation of the data center is always a concern in the industry.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application provides a box formula refrigeration plant and data center, can reduce data center's energy consumption. The technical scheme is as follows:

in one aspect, a box type refrigeration equipment is provided, which comprises an air heat exchanger and a plurality of air conditioning units;

each air conditioning unit comprises a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, wherein the compressor is respectively connected with the condenser and the evaporator through pipelines, and the condenser is connected with the evaporator through a pipeline;

the air heat exchanger comprises a hot air outlet and a cold air outlet, a plurality of condensers are positioned at the hot air outlet, and a plurality of evaporators are positioned at the cold air outlet;

the plurality of condensers are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the hot air outlet, and/or the plurality of evaporators are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the cold air outlet.

In another aspect, a data center is provided, which includes a machine room and the above box-type refrigeration equipment;

the outlet of the row machine room of the box type refrigeration equipment is communicated with the air inlet of the machine room, and the air inlet of the machine room of the box type refrigeration equipment is communicated with the air outlet of the machine room.

In an embodiment of the present application, the box-type refrigeration appliance includes an air heat exchanger and a plurality of air conditioning units, each of which in turn includes a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator. Wherein the plurality of condensers are arranged along a direction of temperature change at a hot air outlet of the air heat exchanger, and/or the plurality of evaporators are arranged along a direction of temperature change at a cold air outlet of the air heat exchanger. The condenser in the low temperature area has lower saturated condensing temperature of the refrigerant inside, can reduce the work of the compressor of the air conditioning unit, and further reduces the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit. The saturated evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator positioned in the high-temperature area is higher, so that the work of a compressor of the air conditioning unit can be reduced, and the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit is further reduced. Therefore, the box type refrigeration equipment can reduce the energy consumption of the data center.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a scenario that a box type refrigeration device provided in an embodiment of the present application dissipates heat for a machine room;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioning unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a box type refrigeration device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a condenser and evaporator arrangement relative to an air heat exchanger as provided in the related art;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a condenser and evaporator arrangement relative to an air heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a spray assembly of a box type refrigeration device provided by an embodiment of the application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a box type refrigeration device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of the figures

1. A chassis; 11. an outdoor air inlet; 12. a machine room air inlet; 13. an outlet outside the discharge chamber; 14. an outlet of the machine room;

2. an air heat exchanger; 21. a hot air outlet; 22. a cold air outlet; 23. a hot air inlet; 24. a cold air inlet;

3. an air conditioning unit; 31. a compressor; 32. a condenser; 33. an evaporator; 34. an electronic expansion valve;

4. a spray assembly; 41. a nozzle; 42. a water storage bin; 43. a drain pipe; 44. a water replenishing pipe;

5. a hot air exhaust fan; 6. a cold air exhaust fan;

3A, a first air conditioning unit; 3B, a second air conditioning unit; 3C, a third air conditioning unit; 3D, a fourth air conditioning unit;

100. a box-type refrigeration device; 200. a machine room; 201. an air inlet of the machine room; 202. and (4) air outlets of the machine room.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terminology used in the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present disclosure only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, as used in the description and in the claims of the present disclosure, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms a, an, etc. do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item appearing in front of the word "comprising" or "comprises" includes the element or item listed after the word "comprising" or "comprises" and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also change accordingly when the absolute position of the object being described changes.

The embodiment of the application provides a box type refrigeration device, which can also be called as a box type air conditioner, abbreviated as ahu (air Handle unit), and is used for dissipating heat of a cooled object. The box type refrigeration equipment can be applied to a data center, and the box type refrigeration equipment is one of large modular air-conditioning refrigeration units which are mainly used in the data center at present.

The data center may be a data center in the field of cloud technology, and for example, may be a cloud computing data center, a cloud storage data center, a cloud security data center, and the like. Cloud technology refers to a hosting technology for unifying serial resources such as hardware, software and network in a wide area network or a local area network to realize calculation, storage, processing and sharing of data.

In an example, a data center in the cloud technology field may include a server, where the server may be an independent physical server, may also be a server cluster or a distributed system formed by a plurality of physical servers, and may also be a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud service, a cloud database, cloud computing, a cloud function, cloud storage, web service, cloud communication, middleware service, domain name service, security service, CDN (Content Delivery Network), and a big data and artificial intelligence platform. The terminal may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, and the like. The terminal and the server may be directly or indirectly connected through wired or wireless communication, and the application is not limited herein.

The box type refrigeration equipment is applied to a data center and used for dissipating heat of a machine room of the data center. For example, the box-type refrigeration equipment is communicated with the machine room, and the box-type refrigeration equipment can discharge cold air into the machine room to dissipate heat of the machine room. As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of a data center including a box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 and a machine room 200, two air ducts are provided between the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 and the machine room 200, one air duct is a cold air duct, the other air duct is a hot air duct, the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 discharges cold air into the machine room 200 through the cold air duct to dissipate heat for the machine room 200, and the machine room 200 discharges hot air into the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 through the hot air duct to form air circulation between the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 and the machine room 200.

As shown in fig. 1, the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 mainly includes a cabinet 1, and an air heat exchanger 2 and an air conditioning unit 3 which are located in the cabinet 1, wherein the number of the air conditioning units 3 is plural. The machine case 1 includes two inlets and two outlets, one of the two inlets is used for cold air outside the machine case 1 to enter, and may be referred to as an outdoor air inlet 11, and the other inlet is used for hot air in the machine room 200 to enter, and may be referred to as a machine room air inlet 12. Of the two outlets, one outlet is used to discharge the hot air in the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 to the outside of the cabinet 1, and may be referred to as an outdoor discharge outlet 13, and the other outlet is used to discharge the cold air in the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 to the machine room 200, and may be referred to as a machine room discharge outlet 14.

It should be noted that the terms of degree such as "hot" and "cold" are used relatively, and that the cold air entering the outdoor air inlet 11 and the hot air exiting the outdoor outlet 13 are opposite, and the hot air entering the machine room air inlet 12 and the cold air exiting the machine room outlet 14 are opposite.

With continued reference to fig. 1, the machine room 200 includes an inlet for allowing cold air in the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 to enter, which may be referred to as a machine room air inlet 201, and an outlet for discharging hot air into the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100, which may be referred to as a machine room air outlet 202.

As shown in fig. 1, the air duct between the outlet 14 of the cabinet type refrigeration equipment 100 and the air inlet 201 of the cabinet 200 is a cold air duct. The air duct between the machine room air inlet 12 of the box-type refrigeration equipment 100 and the machine room air outlet 202 of the machine room 200 is a hot air duct.

The above is the description of the architecture between the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 and the machine room 200, and the following will describe the architecture inside the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100.

As shown in fig. 1, the box type refrigeration apparatus 100 includes an air heat exchanger 2 in a cabinet 1. The air heat exchanger 2 may also be referred to as an air-air heat exchange core, and the core device of the air heat exchanger is a heat exchange component, the indoor air and the outdoor fresh air of the cabinet 1 can exchange temperature through the air heat exchanger 2, the exchanged cold air is discharged into the machine room 200, and the hot air is discharged to the outside of the cabinet 1. When the outdoor temperature of the case is low, for example, in winter, because the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the indoor hot air can obtain cold energy from the outdoor cold air of the air heat exchanger 2, so that the temperature is reduced, and the natural cooling effect is obtained.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the indoor space refers to the inside of the cabinet 1, and the outdoor space refers to the outside of the cabinet 1 and the machine room.

As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic view of the air heat exchanger 2, the air heat exchanger 2 includes a hot air outlet 21, a cold air outlet 22, a hot air inlet 23, and a cold air inlet 24. The temperature of the wind discharged from the hot wind outlet 21 is higher than that of the wind entering from the cold wind inlet 24, which are relative to each other. The temperature of the air discharged from the cold air outlet 22 is lower than that of the air introduced from the hot air inlet 23, as compared to the above.

The hot air discharged from the hot air outlet 21 of the air heat exchanger 2 is discharged to the outside through the outlet 13 of the casing 1. The cool air discharged from the cool air outlet 22 of the air heat exchanger 2 is discharged to the machine room through the machine room outlet 14 of the cabinet 1. The hot air entering from the hot air inlet 23 of the air heat exchanger 2 is the hot air entering from the machine room air inlet 12 of the box body 1. The cold air entering from the cold air inlet 24 of the air heat exchanger 2 is the cold air entering from the outdoor air inlet 11 of the box body 1.

In this way, the hot air in the machine room enters the air heat exchanger 2, the cold air outside the room also enters the air heat exchanger 2, heat exchange occurs in the air heat exchanger 2, the cold air discharged from the air heat exchanger 2 is discharged into the machine room, and the hot air discharged from the air heat exchanger 2 is discharged outside the room.

It can be seen that the box-type refrigeration equipment and the air in the machine room are not in direct contact, but in indirect contact in the air heat exchanger 2, so that the box-type refrigeration equipment belongs to indirect evaporative cooling for heat dissipation of the machine room. The indirect evaporative cooling is a process of transferring cold energy of cold air (i.e., outdoor cold air) obtained by direct evaporative cooling to air to be processed (i.e., hot air in a machine room) by the indirect contact type air heat exchanger 2 to realize air humidity cooling.

When the outdoor temperature is lower, the heat can be dissipated for the machine room through the air heat exchanger 2, but when the outdoor temperature is higher, the cold quantity provided by the air heat exchanger 2 for the machine room is insufficient, the cold supplement quantity needs to be increased, and the cold supplement quantity can be increased through the air conditioning unit 3.

As shown in fig. 1, the box-type refrigeration equipment further includes a plurality of air conditioning units 3, and each air conditioning unit 3 includes a compressor 31, a condenser 32, and an evaporator 33. The connection relationship among the compressor 31, the condenser 32 and the evaporator 33 can be seen from fig. 3, wherein one side of the compressor 31 is connected with the condenser 32 through a pipeline, the other side is connected with the evaporator 33 through a pipeline, and the condenser 32 and the evaporator 33 are also connected through a pipeline, thereby forming a cycle. It should be noted that each air conditioning unit 3 further comprises an electronic expansion valve 34, which electronic expansion valve 34 may also be called a throttle valve, located on the conduit between the condenser 32 and the evaporator 33. The electronic expansion valve 34 performs throttling and pressure reducing functions on the refrigerant circulating in the air conditioning unit 3, and at the same time, controls and adjusts the amount of the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 33, and divides the air conditioning unit 3 into a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side.

During the cooling process, the condenser 32 is used to discharge hot air, and the evaporator 33 is used to discharge cold air. Then, a plurality of condensers 32 may be located at the hot air outlet 21 of the air heat exchanger 2, and a plurality of evaporators 33 may be located at the cold air outlet 22 of the air heat exchanger 2.

Thus, when the air heat exchanger 2 and the air conditioning unit 3 work together, the hot air discharged from the hot air outlet 21 of the air heat exchanger 2 passes through the condenser 32 and is discharged to the outside, and the cold air discharged from the cold air outlet 22 of the air heat exchanger 2 passes through the evaporator 33 and is further cooled and is discharged to the machine room.

In one example, in order to promote the hot air to be discharged to the outside, correspondingly, as shown in fig. 4, the box type refrigeration equipment further comprises a hot air exhaust fan 5, and the hot air exhaust fan 5 is positioned at the air outlet of the condenser 32, as shown in fig. 1, and the position of the hot air exhaust fan may be opposite to the position of the outdoor outlet 13. Also, in order to promote the cool air to be discharged to the machine room, correspondingly, as shown in fig. 4, the box type refrigeration equipment further includes a cool air exhaust fan 6, and the cool air exhaust fan 6 is located at the air outlet of the evaporator 33, which may be located opposite to the machine room outlet 14 as shown in fig. 1.

The arrangement of the plurality of condensers 32 at the hot air outlet 21 and the arrangement of the plurality of evaporators 33 at the cold air outlet 22 will be described.

In the related art, the arrangement of the plurality of condensers 32 at the hot air outlet 21 of the air heat exchanger 2 and the arrangement of the plurality of evaporators 33 at the cold air outlet 22 of the air heat exchanger 2 can be seen from fig. 5. However, this arrangement has a problem that the air conditioning unit 3 consumes much energy, and is analyzed as follows.

As shown in fig. 2, the air heat exchanger 2 includes a hot air outlet 21, a cold air outlet 22, a hot air inlet 23, and a cold air inlet 24. The temperature of the hot air outlet 21 is low at a position close to the cold air outlet 22, and the temperature is high at a position away from the cold air outlet 22, that is, there is a temperature change in the hot air outlet 21, gradually increasing from a position close to the cold air outlet 22 to a position away from the cold air outlet 22. Also, the temperature of the cold air outlet 22 is high at a position close to the hot air outlet 21, and is low at a position away from the hot air outlet 21, that is, there is a temperature change in the cold air outlet 22, gradually increasing from a position away from the hot air outlet 21 to a position close to the hot air outlet 21.

And a plurality of condensers 32 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the temperature change at the hot air outlet 21, and a plurality of evaporators 33 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the temperature change at the cold air outlet 22. Then, each condenser 32 crosses the high temperature region and the low temperature region of the hot air outlet 21, and the condenser 32 is in operation, and the saturated condensing temperature of the refrigerant inside thereof is the temperature of the high temperature region as the reference temperature, and then the saturated condensing temperature of each condenser 32 is higher. Also, each evaporator 33 spans the high temperature region and the low temperature region of the cool air outlet 22, and the evaporator 33 is operated with the saturated evaporation temperature of the refrigerant inside thereof being the reference temperature of the low temperature region, so that the saturated evaporation temperature of each evaporator 33 is low.

On the basis of meeting the refrigeration requirement, the higher the saturated condensing temperature of the condenser 32 and the lower the saturated evaporating temperature of the evaporator 33 are, the more work the compressor 31 needs to do, and the more work the compressor 31 does, the more power consumption and energy consumption thereof are, so that, as shown in fig. 4, the condenser 32 and the evaporator 33 have a problem of large energy consumption of the air conditioning unit 3 compared with the arrangement mode of the air heat exchanger 2.

In order to alleviate the problem of the air conditioning unit 3 that consumes more energy, correspondingly, as shown in fig. 6, a plurality of condensers 32 are located at the hot air outlet 21, and a plurality of evaporators 33 are located at the cold air outlet 22. Wherein the plurality of condensers 32 are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the hot wind outlet 21, and/or the plurality of evaporators 33 are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the cold wind outlet 22.

As an example, the plurality of condensers 32 are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the hot air outlet 21, and how the plurality of evaporators 33 are arranged at the cold air outlet 22 may be. As another example, the plurality of evaporators 33 are sequentially arranged in the direction of the temperature change of the cold air outlet 22, and how the plurality of condensers 32 are arranged at the hot air outlet 21 may be. As another example, the plurality of condensers 32 are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the hot air outlet 21, and the plurality of evaporators 33 are also sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the cold air outlet 22.

For example, as shown in fig. 6, the plurality of condensers 32 are arranged in sequence from a position close to the cold air outlet 22 to a position far from the cold air outlet 22 at the hot air outlet 21. For another example, the plurality of evaporators 33 are arranged in sequence from a position close to the hot air outlet 21 to a position far from the hot air outlet 21 at the cold air outlet 22. For another example, the plurality of condensers 32 are arranged in sequence from a position close to the cold air outlet 22 to a position far from the cold air outlet 22 at the hot air outlet 21; the plurality of evaporators 33 are arranged in sequence from a position close to the hot air outlet 21 to a position far from the hot air outlet 21 at the cold air outlet 22.

In fig. 6, it is illustrated that the plurality of condensers 32 are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the hot air outlet 21, and the plurality of evaporators 33 are also sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the cold air outlet 22.

It should be noted that the condenser 32 may be located at the hot air outlet 21, may be located next to the hot air outlet 21, or may be located adjacent to the hot air outlet 21, and the condenser 32 and the air heat exchanger 2 may or may not have a fixed relationship. Similarly, the evaporator 33 may be located at the cold air outlet 22, may be adjacent to the cold air outlet 22, or may be adjacent to the cold air outlet 22, and the evaporator 33 and the air heat exchanger 2 may or may not have a fixed relationship.

Thus, the condenser 32 located in the low temperature region has a lower saturated condensing temperature of the refrigerant therein, and the compressor 31 performs less work and consumes less energy. The evaporator 33 located in the high temperature region has a higher saturated evaporation temperature of the refrigerant therein, and the compressor 31 has less work and consumes less energy.

Then, when the cooling capacity for heat dissipation of the machine room by the air heat exchange 1 is insufficient, the air conditioning unit 3 in which the condenser 32 located in the low temperature region is located may be preferentially started, and/or the air conditioning unit 3 in which the evaporator 33 located in the high temperature region is located may be cooled.

Therefore, the box type refrigeration equipment can reduce energy consumption and save electric energy in general.

Wherein, whether the air conditioning unit 3 is started or not and the starting number of the air conditioning unit 3 are related to the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment. Wherein, the higher the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is, the more the number of the started air conditioning units 3 is. The number of the air conditioning units 3 that are started up may also be understood as the number of the condensers 32 that are in a starting state and the number of the evaporators 33 that are in a starting state, and in general, the number of the air conditioning units 3 that are started up, the number of the condensers 32 that are in a starting state, and the number of the evaporators 33 that are in a starting state are equal, and when the condensers 32 are started up, the evaporators 33 of the air conditioning units 3 that the condensers 32 are located are also started up, and vice versa.

For example, if the outdoor temperature of the box-type refrigeration equipment is low, the air heat exchanger 2 can supply cold air at a desired temperature to the machine room, and all the air conditioning units 3 do not need to be started. If the outdoor temperature of the box-type refrigeration equipment is high and the air heat exchanger 2 cannot provide cold air at the required temperature to the machine room, a part or all of the air conditioning units 3 need to be started, so that the hot air entering the air heat exchanger 2 firstly absorbs heat through the air heat exchanger 2, and then is discharged from the air heat exchanger 2 and then absorbs heat through the evaporator 33, and the cold air at the required temperature can be provided to the machine room.

In one example, when the outdoor temperature of the box-type refrigeration equipment is lower than the first threshold value, all the air conditioning units 3 can be controlled to be in the closed state, and in this case, sufficient cooling capacity can be provided for the machine room by the air heat exchanger 2.

And when the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is higher than a second threshold value, all the air conditioning units 3 can be controlled to be in a starting state, wherein the second threshold value is larger than the first threshold value, and in this case, not only the air heat exchanger 2 but also all the air conditioning units 3 need to be used for providing cooling capacity for the machine room.

When the outdoor temperature of the box-type refrigeration equipment is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, at least one of the plurality of air conditioning units 3 may be controlled to be in an on state, and the remaining air conditioning units 3 may be controlled to be in an off state, wherein the condenser 32 in the low temperature region is started before the condenser 32 in the high temperature region, and the evaporator 33 in the high temperature region is started before the evaporator 33 in the low temperature region.

For example, four air conditioning units 3 may be exemplified as shown in fig. 6, in which the i-th condenser 32 in fig. 6, which is ordered from the low temperature region to the high temperature region, and the i-th evaporator 33, which is ordered from the high temperature region to the low temperature region, belong to the same air conditioning unit 3. Wherein the minimum value of i is 1, and the maximum value is the number of the air conditioning units 3.

For example, in fig. 6, the 1 st condenser near the cold air outlet 22 and the 1 st evaporator near the hot air outlet 21 belong to the same air conditioning unit 3, and may be referred to as a first air conditioning unit 3A. The 2 nd condenser near the cold air outlet 22 and the 2 nd evaporator near the hot air outlet 21 belong to the same air conditioning unit 3, and may be denoted as a second air conditioning unit 3B. The 3 rd condenser near the cold air outlet 22 and the 3 rd evaporator near the hot air outlet 21 belong to the same air conditioning unit 3, and may be denoted as a third air conditioning unit 3C. The 4 th condenser near the cold air outlet 22 and the 4 th evaporator near the hot air outlet 21 belong to the same air conditioning unit 3, and may be denoted as a fourth air conditioning unit 3D.

It should be noted that which condenser 32 and which evaporator 33 constitute one air conditioning unit 3 may be provided, for example, the 1 st condenser near the cool air outlet 22 and the 2 nd evaporator near the hot air outlet 21 in fig. 6 may constitute one air conditioning unit 3. In this embodiment, the combination manner of the condenser 32 and the evaporator 33 is not limited, and may be set according to the energy consumption situation. This embodiment is exemplified as shown in fig. 6, in which the evaporator consuming the least energy and the condenser consuming the least energy are combined together, and the evaporator consuming the most energy and the condenser consuming the most energy are combined together.

The condenser based on the low temperature region operates before the condenser of the high temperature region, and the evaporator of the high temperature region operates before the evaporator of the low temperature region, so that all the air conditioning units 3 do not operate when the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is lower than the first threshold value.

And when the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is higher than the first threshold value and lower than a third threshold value, the first air conditioning unit 3A is operated, wherein the first threshold value is smaller than the third threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value. And when the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is higher than a third threshold value and lower than a fourth threshold value, operating the first air conditioning unit 3A and the second air conditioning unit 3B, wherein the third threshold value is smaller than the fourth threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value.

And when the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is higher than a fourth threshold value and smaller than a fifth threshold value, the first air conditioning unit 3A, the second air conditioning unit 3B and the third air conditioning unit 3C are operated, wherein the fourth threshold value is smaller than the fifth threshold value and smaller than the second threshold value.

And when the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is higher than a fifth threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, the first air conditioning unit 3A, the second air conditioning unit 3B, the third air conditioning unit 3C and the fourth air conditioning unit 3D are operated, and the fifth threshold value is smaller than the second threshold value.

The operation conditions of the four air conditioning units 3 in fig. 6 during the whole year can be seen from table 1.

Table 1 operating conditions of four air conditioning units 3 in fig. 6 throughout the year

In table 1, the time during which the air conditioning unit 3 is not operated all the year round, or the time during which only the first air conditioning unit 3A is operated accounts for 55%. The time for operating the first air conditioning unit 3A and the first air conditioning unit 3B all the year is 33%. The time for operating the first air conditioning unit 3A, the first air conditioning unit 3B, and the third air conditioning unit 3C all year round accounts for 12%. Since the refrigeration margin is generally considered when designing a box-type refrigeration apparatus, all the air conditioning units 3 are generally not operated 100%, that is, the time for operating the first air conditioning unit 3A, the first air conditioning unit 3B, the third air conditioning unit 3C, and the fourth air conditioning unit 3D all the year round accounts for 0%.

The arrangement of the condenser and the evaporator shown in fig. 6 has a refrigeration conversion efficiency and a annual operating time ratio, compared with the arrangement of the condenser and the evaporator shown in fig. 5.

Table 2 comparison of the operation of the arrangement shown in fig. 6 with the arrangement shown in fig. 5

The refrigeration conversion efficiency may also be referred to as an energy efficiency ratio, which is abbreviated as COP (coefficient Of performance), and in the refrigeration process, the ratio Of the refrigeration capacity to the power consumption indicates the efficiency Of energy consumption, and a higher COP value indicates a higher refrigeration capacity with less power consumption.

As can be seen from the above, the arrangement of the condenser and the evaporator shown in fig. 6 can reduce the power consumption of the box-type refrigeration apparatus, and thus can improve the COP of the box-type refrigeration apparatus.

The power consumption of the box type refrigeration equipment is reduced, and the energy efficiency level of the data center comprising the box type refrigeration equipment and the machine room can be improved, because the power consumption of the box type refrigeration equipment is reduced, the ratio of the power consumption of the box type refrigeration equipment to the power consumption of IT (Internet Technology ) equipment in the machine room is also reduced, and the smaller the ratio is, the better the energy efficiency level is. Wherein, the ratio of the power consumption of the box type refrigeration equipment to the power consumption of the IT equipment in the machine room is a refrigeration Load coefficient, which is called clf (cooling Load factor) for short.

The power consumption of the box type refrigeration equipment is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the data center is also improved, which is called PUE (Power Usage efficiency for short). The PUE is the ratio of the total power consumption of the data center to the power consumption of the IT equipment, the total power consumption comprises the sum of the power consumption of the IT equipment, the power consumption of the box type refrigeration equipment, the power consumption of the power distribution equipment and the like, and the PUE is larger than 1 and is closer to 1, so that the power consumption of the non-IT equipment is less, and the efficiency level is better.

It should be noted that the arrangement of the condenser 32 shown in fig. 6 is applied to the air exchanger 2 having the temperature variation of the hot air outlet 21, and the arrangement of the evaporator 33 is applied to the air exchanger 2 having the temperature variation of the cold air outlet 22.

For example, if the hot wind outlet 21 of the air exchanger 2 has a temperature gradient, the plurality of condensers 32 may be arranged along the direction of the temperature gradient at the hot wind outlet 21, as for how the plurality of evaporators 33 are arranged. If the cool air outlet 22 of the air exchanger 2 has a temperature gradient, the plurality of evaporators 33 may be arranged in the direction of the temperature gradient at the cool air outlet 22, as to how the plurality of condensers 32 are arranged. If the hot air outlet 21 of the air exchanger 2 has a temperature gradient and the cold air outlet 22 also has a temperature gradient, the plurality of condensers 32 are arranged in the direction of the temperature gradient at the hot air outlet 21 and/or the plurality of evaporators 33 are arranged in the direction of the temperature gradient at the cold air outlet 22.

In one example, the hot air outlet 21 and the cold air outlet 22 are located adjacent to each other, or the hot air outlet 21 and the cold air inlet 24 are located adjacent to each other, so that the hot air outlet 21 has a temperature gradient. The cold air outlet 22 and the hot air outlet 21 are adjacent, and the cold air outlet 22 and the hot air inlet 23 are adjacent, so that the cold air outlet 22 has a temperature gradient.

For example, the cross type air heat exchanger may realize that both the hot blast outlet 21 and the cold blast outlet 22 have a temperature gradient. The cross type air heat exchanger is an air heat exchanger in which hot air and cold air flow in a cross manner. As shown in fig. 2, the cross air heat exchanger has a hot air outlet 21 adjacent to a cold air outlet 22, the hot air outlet 21 opposite to a cold air inlet 24, and the cold air outlet 22 opposite to a hot air inlet 23.

The above description is of the arrangement position of the condenser 32 and the evaporator 33 with respect to the air heat exchanger 2, and the effect achieved, and the box-type refrigerating apparatus shower assembly 4 will be described below.

In order to further cool the outdoor cold air, correspondingly, as shown in fig. 7 and with reference to fig. 8, the box-type refrigeration equipment further includes a spraying assembly 4, the spraying assembly 4 is located in the cabinet 1, and the spraying assembly 4 may include a nozzle 41 and a water storage bin 42. The nozzle 41 is connected with the water storage bin 42 through a pipeline, and the position of the nozzle 41 is opposite to the position of the outdoor air inlet 11 of the box type refrigeration equipment.

Wherein, the nozzle 41 is used for cooling the air coming from the outdoor air inlet 11, and the water storage bin 42 is used for supplying water to the nozzle 41.

In one example, since the nozzle 41 is used to cool the air from the outdoor air inlet 11, the nozzle 41 is correspondingly located opposite to the outdoor air inlet 11 so as to facilitate convection between the air from the nozzle 41 and the air from the outdoor air inlet 11, for example, the nozzle 41 may be located between the outdoor air inlet 11 and the cool air inlet 24 of the air heat exchanger 2.

In another example, the air heat exchanger 2 is located opposite to the outdoor wind inlet 11, and then, as shown in fig. 8, the nozzle 41 may be located between the hot wind outlet 21 of the air heat exchanger 2 and the plurality of condensers 32. The cold water discharged from the nozzle 41 flows through the air heat exchanger 2 and then flows into the outdoor air inlet 11 by convection.

Because the water sprayed from the nozzle 41 flows through the air heat exchanger 2, a water film can be formed on the surface of the air heat exchanger 2, so as to radiate heat to the air heat exchanger 2, and accelerate the heat exchange rate inside the air heat exchanger 2, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the air heat exchanger 2.

It can be seen that the water sprayed from the nozzle 41 improves the heat exchange efficiency of the air heat exchanger 2, and further lowers the temperature of the cold air from the outdoor air inlet 11, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency of the box-type refrigeration equipment.

In one example, a water reservoir 42 is used to supply water to the nozzles 41. In another example, the water storage compartment 42 can supply water to the nozzle 41 and can recover the water sprayed from the nozzle 41. For example, as shown in fig. 8, the water storage bin 42 may be located on the side of the outdoor air inlet 11 of the box-type refrigeration device away from the air heat exchanger 2, that is, the outdoor air inlet 11 is located between the air heat exchanger 2 and the water storage bin 42. The plurality of condensers 32, the nozzles 41, the air heat exchanger 2, the outdoor air inlet 11, and the water storage tank 42 are positioned in this order, and the water sprayed from the nozzles 41 flows first in a convection with the air discharged from the cold air outlet 22 of the air heat exchanger 2, then flows through the air heat exchanger 2, forms a water film on the surface of the air heat exchanger 2, then flows in a convection with the air entering from the outdoor air inlet 11, and finally flows back to the water storage tank 42.

It can be seen that the water storage chamber 42 can supply water to the nozzle 41 on the one hand, and can recover the water sprayed from the nozzle 41 on the other hand. Of course, the water sprayed from the nozzles 41 may be recovered by other basins.

In one example, the water in the reservoir 42 may have a potential for contamination over time, and the water in the reservoir 42 may be periodically refreshed. Accordingly, as shown in fig. 7, the spraying assembly 4 may further include a water discharge pipe 43 and a water supply pipe 44, wherein the water discharge pipe 43 and the water supply pipe 44 are both connected to the water storage chamber 42, for example, the water discharge pipe 43 may be connected to the bottom of the water storage chamber 42, and the water supply pipe 44 may extend into the water storage chamber 42 from the top of the water storage chamber 42, wherein the water discharge pipe 43 may be provided with a valve to control the water discharge time.

As described above, when the outdoor temperature of the box-type refrigeration equipment is lower than the first threshold, the air heat exchanger 2 can dissipate heat for the machine room. When the outdoor temperature of the box-type refrigeration equipment is higher than the first threshold and the indoor humidity of the box-type refrigeration equipment is lower than the humidity threshold, the spraying assembly 4 can be controlled to be in a starting state, that is, the nozzle 41 of the spraying assembly 4 can be controlled to be in an operating state. The air heat exchanger 2 and the spray assembly 4 jointly provide cold air with required temperature for the machine room to dissipate heat of the machine room. When the air heat exchanger 2 and the spray assembly 4 work together and cold air at a required temperature still cannot be provided for the machine room, at least one air conditioning unit 3 of the plurality of air conditioning units 3 can be controlled to be in an operating state, and the air heat exchanger 2, the spray assembly 4 and the air conditioning unit 3 provide cold air at the required temperature for the machine room together to dissipate heat of the machine room.

Based on the above, the box type refrigeration equipment comprises the following operation modes.

Dry working condition natural cooling mode. The air heat exchanger belongs to a working condition in a natural cooling mode, and cold air from an outdoor air inlet 11 does not pass through the humidification and temperature reduction treatment of the spraying assembly 4, and directly passes through the air heat exchanger 2 and hot air from a machine room air inlet 12 to realize the heat exchange.

For example, the box type refrigerating apparatus may operate only the air heat exchanger 2, the hot air exhaust fan 5, and the cold air exhaust fan 6 when the outdoor temperature is lower than a first threshold value (e.g., 10 degrees). The box type refrigerating equipment cools the hot air of the machine room through the outdoor cold air, and can meet the requirement of conveying the cold air with required temperature to the machine room, namely meeting the air supply requirement. Under this mode of operation, the rotational speed and the outdoor temperature of hot-blast exhaust fan 5 are relevant, and if outdoor temperature is low, hot-blast exhaust fan 5's rotational speed is little, also can all satisfy the cold wind of carrying required temperature to the computer lab, and outdoor temperature is high, then hot-blast exhaust fan 5's rotational speed needs the increase, increases the rotational speed and just can satisfy the cold wind that provides required temperature to the computer lab. It can be seen that no matter the outdoor temperature is high or low, all need satisfy to the cold wind of computer lab required temperature of conveying, ensure to provide stable cold wind to the computer lab.

And (II) a wet working condition natural cooling mode. The working condition that cold air from an outdoor air inlet 11 is subjected to humidification and temperature reduction treatment by a spraying assembly 4 and then is subjected to heat exchange with hot air from an air inlet 12 of a machine room through an air heat exchanger 2 belongs to a working condition in a natural cooling mode.

For example, the box type refrigeration apparatus may operate the air heat exchanger 2, the hot air exhaust fan 5, the cold air exhaust fan 6, and the spray assembly 4 when the outdoor temperature is higher than a first threshold value (e.g., 10 degrees) and the indoor humidity is lower than a humidity threshold value (e.g., 18 degrees). The box type refrigerating equipment cools the hot air of the machine room through outdoor cold air and the humidification and cooling of the spraying assembly 4, and can meet the requirement of conveying the cold air with required temperature to the machine room, namely meeting the air supply requirement. In this working mode, the rotation speed of the hot air exhaust fan 5 is also related to the outdoor temperature, and is similar to the above, so that the detailed description is omitted.

And (III) a mixed working condition mode. The air conditioning unit 3 is started when the natural cooling mode can not completely meet the refrigeration requirement of the box type refrigeration equipment. In the mode, the natural cooling and the refrigeration of the air conditioning unit 3 share the refrigeration requirement of the box type refrigeration equipment so as to convey cold air with required temperature to the machine room.

For example, when the cold air at the required temperature cannot be delivered to the machine room in the wet condition natural cooling mode, at least one air conditioning unit 3 of the plurality of air conditioning units 3 may be started. The mixed operating mode is divided into two cases, one case is that the spraying component 4 can normally operate without failure, and under this case, the box-type refrigeration equipment can operate the air heat exchanger 2, the hot air exhaust fan 5, the cold air exhaust fan 6, the spraying component 4 and at least one air conditioning unit 3, and which air conditioning unit 3 is specifically started depends on the outdoor temperature, which can be referred to above, and is not described herein again. Thus, the outdoor cold air is humidified and cooled by the shower unit 4, enters the air heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange, and is cooled again by the evaporator 33 of the air conditioning unit 3, and is then discharged into the machine room, and the cold air at a desired temperature is sent to the machine room.

In the mixed mode, the spray module 4 fails and cannot operate normally, and in this case, the box-type refrigeration device can operate the air heat exchanger 2, the hot air exhaust fan 5, the cold air exhaust fan 6 and the at least one air conditioning unit 3. Thus, the outdoor cold air directly enters the air heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange without being humidified and cooled by the spray unit 4, and the cold air discharged from the air heat exchanger 2 is cooled again by the evaporator 33 of the air conditioning unit 3 and then discharged into the machine room, and the cold air at a desired temperature is sent to the machine room.

In the mixed operating mode, the rotation speed of the hot air exhaust fan 5 is related to the pressure inside the condenser 32, for example, if the pressure inside the condenser 32 is too high, the rotation speed of the hot air exhaust fan 5 needs to be increased to achieve the effect of reducing the pressure of the condenser 32. The excessive pressure inside the condenser 32 is caused by the excessive outdoor temperature.

In an embodiment of the present application, the box-type refrigeration apparatus includes an air heat exchanger and a plurality of air conditioning units, each of which in turn includes a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator. Wherein the plurality of condensers are arranged at a hot air outlet of the air heat exchanger in a direction of temperature change, and/or the plurality of evaporators are arranged at a cold air outlet of the air heat exchanger in a direction of temperature change. The condenser in the low temperature area has lower saturated condensing temperature of the refrigerant inside, can reduce the work of the compressor of the air conditioning unit, and further reduces the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit. The saturated evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator positioned in the high-temperature area is higher, so that the work of a compressor of the air conditioning unit can be reduced, and the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit is further reduced. Therefore, the box type refrigeration equipment can reduce the energy consumption of the data center.

The present application further provides a data center, as shown in fig. 1, including the above-mentioned box-type refrigeration equipment 100 and machine room 200. The box-type refrigeration device 100 may be located outside the machine room 200, and may be fixed to the top of the machine room 200, or fixed to the side of the machine room 200, for example. The present embodiment does not specifically limit the positional relationship between the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 and the machine room 200, and can be flexibly selected according to actual situations.

Referring to fig. 1, the box-type refrigeration device 100 includes an outdoor air inlet 11, a machine room air inlet 12, an outdoor air outlet 13, and a machine room outlet 14, and the machine room 200 includes a machine room air inlet 201 and a machine room air outlet 202. With continued reference to fig. 1, the machine room air inlet 12 of the box-type refrigeration device 100 is communicated with the machine room air outlet 202 of the machine room 200 to form a hot air duct, and the machine room outlet 14 of the box-type refrigeration device 100 is communicated with the machine room air inlet 201 of the machine room 200 to form a cold air duct.

The outdoor air inlet 11 of the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 is used for allowing cold air from the outside to enter, and performs heat exchange with hot air exhausted from the machine room 200 through the air heat exchanger 2. The discharge-outside outlet 13 of the box-type refrigeration apparatus 100 is used to discharge the hot air heat-exchanged in the air heat exchanger 2 to the outside.

Therefore, heat generated in the operation of the machine room is discharged into the box type refrigeration equipment, outdoor cold air entering the box type refrigeration equipment absorbs the discharged heat in the air heat exchanger, and then the cooled cold air is discharged into the machine room to dissipate heat of the machine room. When the heat exchange in the air heat exchanger is difficult to meet the requirement of heat dissipation for the machine room, the cooled cold air discharged from the air heat exchanger enters the evaporator of the air conditioning unit again, is cooled again by the evaporator and then is discharged into the machine room to dissipate heat for the machine room. Moreover, when the air conditioning unit is started, the evaporator in the high temperature area and the condenser in the low temperature area are preferentially operated, so that the effect of reducing energy consumption can be achieved.

In an embodiment of the present application, a box-type cooling device for a data center, as described above, includes an air heat exchanger and a plurality of air conditioning units, each of which includes a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator. Wherein the plurality of condensers are arranged at a hot air outlet of the air heat exchanger in a direction of temperature change, and/or the plurality of evaporators are arranged at a cold air outlet of the air heat exchanger in a direction of temperature change. The saturated condensing temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser positioned in the low-temperature area is lower, so that the work of a compressor of the air conditioning unit can be reduced, and the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit is further reduced. The saturated evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator positioned in the high-temperature area is higher, so that the work of a compressor of the air conditioning unit can be reduced, and the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit is further reduced. Therefore, the box type refrigeration equipment can reduce the energy consumption of the data center.

The above description is only an example of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are made within the principles of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A box type refrigeration equipment is characterized by comprising an air heat exchanger (2) and a plurality of air conditioning units (3);

each air conditioning unit (3) comprises a compressor (31), a condenser (32) and an evaporator (33), wherein the compressor (31) is respectively connected with the condenser (32) and the evaporator (33) through pipelines, and the condenser (32) is connected with the evaporator (33) through a pipeline;

the air heat exchanger (2) comprises a hot air outlet (21) and a cold air outlet (22), a plurality of condensers (32) are positioned at the hot air outlet (21), and a plurality of evaporators (33) are positioned at the cold air outlet (22);

the plurality of condensers (32) are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the hot air outlet (21), and/or the plurality of evaporators (33) are sequentially arranged along the direction of the temperature change of the cold air outlet (22).

2. The box-type refrigeration appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that all the air conditioning units (3) are in the closed condition when the outdoor temperature of the box-type refrigeration appliance is lower than a first threshold value;

when the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is higher than a second threshold value, all the air conditioning units (3) are in a starting state, and the second threshold value is larger than the first threshold value;

when the outdoor temperature of the box type refrigeration equipment is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, at least one of the plurality of air conditioning units (3) is in a starting state, wherein the condenser (32) in the low temperature region is started before the condenser (32) in the high temperature region, and the evaporator (33) in the high temperature region is started before the evaporator (33) in the low temperature region.

3. The box-type refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when a plurality of condensers (32) are arranged in sequence along the direction of the temperature change of the hot air outlet (21) and a plurality of evaporators (33) are arranged in sequence along the direction of the temperature change of the cold air outlet (22);

the ith condenser (32) and the ith evaporator (33) are arranged from the low temperature region to the high temperature region and belong to the same air conditioning unit (3).

4. A box refrigeration plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises a showering assembly (4);

the spraying assembly (4) comprises a nozzle (41) and a water storage bin (42), and the nozzle (41) is connected with the water storage bin (42) through a pipeline;

the position of the nozzle (41) is opposite to the position of an outdoor air inlet (11) of the box type refrigeration equipment, and the nozzle (41) is used for cooling air entering from the outdoor air inlet (11).

5. Box refrigeration device according to claim 4, characterized in that the air heat exchanger (2) is located opposite to the outdoor air inlet (11) of the box refrigeration device, the nozzle (41) being located between the hot air outlet (21) of the air heat exchanger (2) and the plurality of condensers (32).

6. Box refrigeration device according to claim 5, characterized in that the water storage compartment (42) is located on the side of the outdoor air inlet (11) of the box refrigeration device remote from the air heat exchanger (2).

7. A box refrigeration appliance according to claim 4, characterized in that the spray assembly (4) further comprises a water drain (43) and a water replenishment pipe (44), the water drain (43) and the water replenishment pipe (44) being connected to the water storage compartment (42).

8. The box refrigeration equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that the spray assembly (4) is in an activated state when the outdoor temperature of the box refrigeration equipment is higher than a first threshold value and the indoor humidity of the box refrigeration equipment is lower than a humidity threshold value.

9. A box-type refrigeration appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that said air heat exchanger (2) comprises a hot air inlet (23) and a cold air inlet (24);

the position of the hot air outlet (21) and the position of the cold air outlet (22) adjacent to at least one of the cold air inlets (24), and/or,

the cold air outlet (22) and the hot air outlet (21) are located adjacent to at least one of the hot air inlets (23).

10. A data center, characterized in that it comprises a machine room (200) and a box-type refrigeration equipment (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

the machine room outlet (14) of the box type refrigeration equipment (100) is communicated with the machine room air inlet (201) of the machine room (200), and the machine room air inlet (12) of the box type refrigeration equipment (100) is communicated with the machine room air outlet (202) of the machine room (200).

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