CN217010373U - Lithium battery charging protection circuit - Google Patents
Lithium battery charging protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN217010373U CN217010373U CN202122925699.0U CN202122925699U CN217010373U CN 217010373 U CN217010373 U CN 217010373U CN 202122925699 U CN202122925699 U CN 202122925699U CN 217010373 U CN217010373 U CN 217010373U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a lithium battery charging protection circuit, which comprises a series charging control circuit and a parallel charging control circuit, wherein the power output end of the series charging control circuit is connected with the charging end of a rechargeable lithium battery; the power input end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with the input power supply, the power output end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with a reference ground, and the control end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with the controller and/or the fault detection circuit so as to carry out charging protection on the lithium battery. Because the primary series charging control circuit is connected in the charging loop in series and the secondary parallel charging control circuit is connected in parallel at two ends of the input power supply, when the primary series charging control circuit fails due to abnormal conditions, the two ends of the charger are short-circuited by controlling the conduction of the secondary parallel charging control circuit, so that the charger enters a short-circuit protection state.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium battery charging, in particular to a lithium battery charging protection circuit.
Background
Referring to fig. 1, in the conventional lithium battery protection circuit, the lithium battery charging is mainly protected and controlled by a two-stage switching circuit. The signal end of the first-stage protection circuit CH _ EN is connected with the controller, and when the controller detects that the lithium battery is abnormal, protection control is started. The second-stage protection circuit is connected with the abnormality detection circuit through the CO end, and protection control is started when the abnormality of the lithium battery is detected in a hardware mode. The specific working principle is as follows: when the charger is inserted, the singlechip controller detects that the charger is inserted and detects voltages of all sections at the same time, and when the temperature is normal, the singlechip controller outputs a control signal CH _ EN which is 1(Q2 is conducted); when the voltage of each battery is normal, the secondary control protection circuit also outputs a control signal, namely CO is equal to 1 (Q1 is conducted), so that the battery pack can be charged, if the voltage of a single battery of the battery pack reaches a primary overcharge protection point, the single chip microcomputer outputs a low-level control signal, namely CH _ EN is equal to 0, and the single chip microcomputer enters a standby state; if the primary protection MOS is failed (Q2 is turned on), such as MOS breakdown, the charger can continue to charge the battery pack, and when the secondary overcharge protection point is reached, the secondary overcharge protection circuit outputs a control signal, namely CO is 0(Q1 is turned off), so that the battery pack can be prohibited from being charged, and the battery can be protected.
Because the two-stage protection circuit connects the charging MOS switch tube in series in the charging main loop, the circuit structure can lead the primary charging MOS switch tube and the secondary charging MOS switch tube to lose effectiveness at the same time when the charger is in high voltage or heavy current, thereby leading to the charging failure protection and further causing safety accidents.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a lithium battery charging protection circuit.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a lithium battery charging protection circuit includes:
the charging control circuit comprises a series charging control circuit, a controller and a charging control circuit, wherein the power input end of the series charging control circuit is used for being connected with an input power supply, the power output end of the series charging control circuit is connected with the charging end of a rechargeable lithium battery, and the control end of the series charging control circuit is connected with the controller so as to control the charging of the lithium battery;
the lithium battery charging protection circuit comprises a parallel charging control circuit, wherein a power input end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with an input power supply, a power output end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with a reference ground, and a control end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with a controller and/or a fault detection circuit so as to protect the lithium battery from being charged.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the series charging control circuit includes:
the switch MOS pipe Q1, the source of switch MOS pipe Q1 with input power is connected, the drain electrode of switch MOS pipe Q1 with the lithium cell that charges is connected, switch MOS pipe Q1's grid is passed through resistance R2 and is connected with the controller.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the series charging control circuit further includes:
the driving MOS tube Q2, the grid electrode of the driving MOS tube Q1 is connected with the controller through the resistor R2 and the driving MOS tube Q2; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the source of the driving MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the switching MOS transistor Q1 through a resistor R2, the drain of the driving MOS transistor Q2 is connected to a reference ground, the drain of the driving MOS transistor Q2 is further connected to the gate of the driving MOS transistor Q2 through a resistor R7, and the gate of the driving MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the first control end of the controller through a resistor R5.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the series charging control circuit further includes:
the unidirectional conducting diode D1 is used for connecting the drain electrode of the switching MOS tube Q1 with the rechargeable lithium battery through the unidirectional conducting diode D1; the drain of the switching MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional conducting diode D1, and the cathode of the unidirectional conducting diode D1 is connected to the rechargeable lithium battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the parallel charging control circuit includes:
a resistor R3, one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the input power supply;
a switch MOS transistor Q3, the source of switch MOS transistor Q3 with the other end of resistance R3 is connected, switch MOS transistor Q3's drain is connected with reference ground, MOS transistor Q3's drain still through resistance R8 with MOS transistor Q3's gate is connected, MOS transistor Q3's gate still through resistance R6 with the second control end of controller is connected.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the parallel charging control circuit further includes:
the diode D3, the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is also connected with the second control end of the controller through a resistor R6 and a diode D3; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D3 through a resistor R6, and the anode of the diode D3 is connected to the second control terminal of the controller.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the parallel charging control circuit further includes:
the diode D2, the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is also connected with the charging fault detection circuit through a resistor R4 and a diode D2; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2 through a resistor R4, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the charging failure detection circuit.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the parallel charging control circuit further includes:
a capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the input power supply, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the reference ground.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the switching MOS transistor Q1 is a P-channel MOS transistor;
the driving MOS transistor Q2 is a P-channel MOS transistor.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the switching MOS transistor Q3 is a P-channel MOS transistor.
According to the lithium battery protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the power input end of the series charging control circuit is used for being connected with an input power supply, the power output end of the series charging control circuit is connected with the charging end of a rechargeable lithium battery, and the control end of the series charging control circuit is connected with the controller so as to perform charging control on the lithium battery; the power input end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with the input power supply, the power output end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with a reference ground, and the control end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with the controller and/or the fault detection circuit so as to carry out charging protection on the lithium battery. Because the primary series charging control circuit is connected in the charging loop in series, and the secondary parallel charging control circuit is connected in parallel at two ends of the input power supply, when the primary series charging control circuit fails due to abnormal conditions, the secondary parallel charging control circuit is controlled to be conducted to short circuit two ends of the charger, so that the charger enters a short-circuit protection state, and the lithium battery is stopped from being charged. The occurrence of safety accidents caused by overcharge of the lithium battery is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a lithium battery charging protection circuit in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a lithium battery charging protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
A series charging control circuit 10;
the parallel charging control circuit 20.
The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the utility model herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the utility model. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium battery charging protection circuit, including: the charging control system comprises a series charging control circuit 10 and a parallel charging control circuit 20, wherein a power supply input end of the series charging control circuit 10 is used for being connected with an input power supply (an input power supply positive end), a power supply output end of the series charging control circuit 10 is connected with a charging end (a charging lithium battery positive end) of a charging lithium battery, and a control end of the series charging control circuit 10 is connected with a controller so as to perform charging control on the lithium battery; as shown in fig. 2, the series charge control circuit 10 is a primary charge protection circuit. When the controller detects that the lithium battery is abnormally charged, the controller can output a control signal to control the series charging control circuit 10 to be open-circuited. Thereby disconnecting the charging circuit, stopping charging the lithium battery, and playing a role in protection.
The power input end of the parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected with the input power supply (the positive end of the input power supply), the power output end of the parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected with the reference ground (the negative end of the rechargeable lithium battery), and the control end of the parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected with the controller and/or the fault detection circuit so as to carry out charging protection on the lithium battery. During charging, the charging circuit connected in series to the charging circuit may fail due to high voltage or current of the charger, which may cause the series charging control circuit 10 connected in series to the charging circuit to fail. At this time, after the primary charging protection circuit fails, the charging power supply can continue to charge the lithium battery. Thus, overcharge and the like may occur, and even a high-temperature fire risk may occur. When the controller or the fault detection circuit detects that the charging of the lithium battery is abnormal, the parallel charging control circuit 20 is controlled to work so as to perform secondary protection. Since the parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected in parallel to both ends of the input power supply, when the circuit is in a charging state, the parallel charging control circuit 20 is in an off-state, and thus is not affected by the high voltage and the large current of the charger. After a failure of the series charging control circuit 10 occurs. The secondary parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected in parallel at two ends of the input power supply, and when the primary series charging control circuit 10 fails due to an abnormal condition, the two ends of the charger are short-circuited by controlling the conduction of the secondary parallel charging control circuit 20, so that the charger enters a short-circuit protection state and stops charging the lithium battery. The occurrence of safety accidents caused by overcharge of the lithium battery is avoided.
In the lithium battery protection circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the power input end of the series charging control circuit 10 is used for being connected with an input power supply, the power output end of the series charging control circuit is connected with the charging end of a rechargeable lithium battery, and the control end of the series charging control circuit 10 is connected with a controller so as to control the charging of the lithium battery; the power input end of the parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected with the input power supply, the power output end of the parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected with the reference ground, and the control end of the parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected with the controller so as to carry out charging protection on the lithium battery. Because the primary series charging control circuit 10 is connected in series in the charging loop, and the secondary parallel charging control circuit 20 is connected in parallel at two ends of the input power supply, when the primary series charging control circuit 10 fails due to abnormal conditions, the secondary parallel charging control circuit 20 can be controlled to be conducted to short circuit two ends of the charger, so that the charger enters a short-circuit protection state, and the lithium battery charging is stopped. The occurrence of safety accidents caused by overcharge of the lithium battery is avoided.
The series charge control circuit 10 includes: switch MOS pipe Q1, switch MOS pipe Q1's source with input power connects, switch MOS pipe Q1's drain-source resistance with the lithium cell that charges is connected, switch MOS pipe Q1's grid is connected with the controller through resistance R2. The switching MOS transistor Q1 is arranged on the charging loop. Thus, the controller can output a control signal to control the gate of the switching MOS transistor Q1. Therefore, the grid of the switching MOS tube Q1 is controlled to be switched on or off, and the charging protection control of the lithium battery is realized.
The series charging control circuit 10 further includes: the driving MOS tube Q2, the grid electrode of the driving MOS tube Q1 is connected with the controller through the resistor R2 and the driving MOS tube Q2; the source of the driving MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the switching MOS transistor Q1 through a resistor R2, the drain of the driving MOS transistor Q2 is connected to a ground reference, the drain of the driving MOS transistor Q2 is further connected to the gate of the driving MOS transistor Q2 through a resistor R7, and the gate of the driving MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the first control end of the controller through a resistor R5. The driving MOS transistor Q2 can drive and control the switching MOS transistor Q1 to control the switching MOS transistor Q1 to be switched on or off rapidly. Since the charging current of the charging circuit during charging is relatively large. The switching MOS transistor Q1 is controlled to be turned on or off by outputting a control signal between the controllers, and the control current signal of the output signal terminal CH _ EN of the controller is relatively small. The driving MOS transistor Q2 can amplify the control signal of the output signal terminal CH _ EN of the controller, and then drive the switching MOS transistor Q1 to be turned on or off rapidly.
The series charging control circuit 10 further includes: the one-way conduction diode D1 is used for connecting the drain electrode of the switching MOS tube Q1 with the rechargeable lithium battery through the one-way conduction diode D1; the drain of the switching MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional conducting diode D1, and the cathode of the unidirectional conducting diode D1 is connected to the rechargeable lithium battery. The unidirectional conducting diode D1 is arranged on the charging loop, so that the charging current can be conducted in a unidirectional way, and the abnormal phenomenon of current reverse flowing during charging occurs.
The parallel charging control circuit 20 includes: the resistor R3 and the switching MOS tube Q3, wherein one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the input power supply; the resistor R3 is arranged on the parallel loop circuit, so that the current limiting effect can be maximum. The source of the switch MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the drain of the switch MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the reference ground, the drain of the MOS transistor Q3 is further connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 through a resistor R8, and the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is further connected to the second control end of the controller through a resistor R6. The switching MOS tube Q3 is arranged on the parallel protection circuit, so that the parallel protection circuit can be switched. When the lithium battery is normally charged, the controller can control the switching MOS transistor Q3 to be in an off state. When the charging circuit is abnormal, the controller controls the MOS tube Q3 to be conducted so as to short circuit the lithium battery charging circuit, and the lithium battery charging circuit is not charged any more. In addition, after the MOS tube Q3 is conducted, the two ends of the charger are pulled down to be close to a short-circuit state, the charger enters a protection state, and the charger hiccup outputs, so that the charging can be forbidden, and the battery can be protected.
The parallel charging control circuit 20 further includes: the diode D3, the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is also connected with the second control end of the controller through a resistor R6 and a diode D3; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D3 through a resistor R6, and the anode of the diode D3 is connected to the second control terminal of the controller.
The parallel charging control circuit 20 further includes: the diode D2, the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is also connected with the charging fault detection circuit through a resistor R4 and a diode D2; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2 through a resistor R4, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the charging fault detection circuit. The two control signal terminals may be connected through a diode D3 and a diode D2, respectively. Such as the second control terminal of the controller and the fault signal output terminal of the charging fault detection circuit. Thus, an abnormality may occur in the controller or the charging failure detection signal. And a control signal is output to the grid of the MOS transistor Q3, the conduction of the MOS transistor Q3 is controlled, the common control of two paths of signals and the output protection control of software and hardware are realized, and the safety is provided.
The parallel charging control circuit 20 further includes: a capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the input power supply, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the reference ground. The capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to two ends of the input power supply. The high-voltage pulse signal filtering can be carried out on the input power supply of the charger. The switching MOS tube Q1 is prevented from being damaged by a high-voltage pulse signal.
The switching MOS transistor Q1 is a P-channel MOS transistor; the driving MOS transistor Q2 is a P-channel MOS transistor. The switching MOS transistor Q3 is a P-channel MOS transistor.
The specific working process is that when the charger is inserted, the single chip microcomputer controller detects that the charger is inserted, detects voltages of all the nodes at the same time, and outputs control signals, namely CH _ EN is 1 and DIS _ EN is 0(Q1 is turned on and Q3 is turned off) when the temperature is normal; when the voltage of each battery is normal, the secondary control protection circuit also outputs a low-level control signal, namely CO is equal to 0(Q3 is cut off), so that the battery pack can be charged, if the voltage of a single battery of the battery pack reaches a primary overcharge protection point, the singlechip controller outputs a low-level control signal, namely CH _ EN is equal to 0(Q1 is cut off), the singlechip controller continuously detects the battery voltage 60S, and if the battery voltage is reduced, the primary protection normally enters a standby state; if the battery voltage rises, it is indicated that the primary protection MOS is failed (Q1 is turned on), for example, the MOS breaks down, the single chip microcomputer controller continues to detect the battery voltage, when the secondary overcharge protection point is reached, the secondary overcharge protection circuit outputs a control signal, that is, CO ═ 1(Q3 is turned on), and at the same time, the software also outputs a control signal DIS _ EN ═ 1(Q3 is turned on), so that CH + of the charger can be shorted to CH-, the charger can be burp-output, and thus, the charging can be prohibited, and the battery can be protected.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A lithium battery charging protection circuit, comprising:
the charging control circuit comprises a series charging control circuit, a controller and a charging control circuit, wherein a power supply input end of the series charging control circuit is used for being connected with an input power supply, a power supply output end of the series charging control circuit is connected with a charging end of a rechargeable lithium battery, and a control end of the series charging control circuit is connected with the controller so as to charge and control the lithium battery;
the control end of the parallel charging control circuit is connected with the controller and/or the charging fault detection circuit so as to carry out charging protection on the lithium battery.
2. The lithium battery charging protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the series charge control circuit comprises:
the switch MOS pipe Q1, the source of switch MOS pipe Q1 with input power is connected, the drain electrode of switch MOS pipe Q1 with the lithium cell that charges is connected, switch MOS pipe Q1's grid is passed through resistance R2 and is connected with the controller.
3. The lithium battery charging protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the series charge control circuit further comprises:
the driving MOS tube Q2, the grid electrode of the driving MOS tube Q1 is connected with the controller through the resistor R2 and the driving MOS tube Q2; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the source electrode of the driving MOS tube Q2 is connected with the gate electrode of the switching MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R2, the drain electrode of the driving MOS tube Q2 is connected with a reference ground, the drain electrode of the driving MOS tube Q2 is further connected with the gate electrode of the driving MOS tube Q2 through a resistor R7, and the gate electrode of the driving MOS tube Q2 is connected with the first control end of the controller through a resistor R5.
4. The lithium battery charging protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the series charge control circuit further comprises:
the unidirectional conducting diode D1 is used for connecting the drain electrode of the switching MOS tube Q1 with the rechargeable lithium battery through the unidirectional conducting diode D1; the drain of the switching MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional conducting diode D1, and the cathode of the unidirectional conducting diode D1 is connected to the rechargeable lithium battery.
5. The lithium battery charging protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the parallel charging control circuit comprises:
a resistor R3, one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the input power supply;
switch MOS pipe Q3, switch MOS pipe Q3's source with resistance R3's the other end is connected, switch MOS pipe Q3's drain electrode is connected with reference ground, MOS pipe Q3's drain electrode still through resistance R8 with MOS pipe Q3's gate is connected, MOS pipe Q3's gate still through resistance R6 with the second control end of controller is connected.
6. The lithium battery charging protection circuit of claim 5, wherein the parallel charging control circuit further comprises:
the diode D3, the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is also connected with the second control end of the controller through a resistor R6 and a diode D3; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D3 through a resistor R6, and the anode of the diode D3 is connected to the second control terminal of the controller.
7. The lithium battery charging protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the parallel charging control circuit further comprises:
the diode D2, the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is also connected with the charging fault detection circuit through the resistor R4 and the diode D2; the gate of the MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2 through a resistor R4, and the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the charging fault detection circuit.
8. The lithium battery charging protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the parallel charging control circuit further comprises:
a capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the input power supply, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the reference ground.
9. The lithium battery charging protection circuit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the switching MOS transistor Q1 is a P-channel MOS transistor;
the driving MOS transistor Q2 is a P-channel MOS transistor.
10. The lithium battery charging protection circuit of claim 5,
the switching MOS tube Q3 is a P-channel MOS transistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122925699.0U CN217010373U (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Lithium battery charging protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122925699.0U CN217010373U (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Lithium battery charging protection circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217010373U true CN217010373U (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202122925699.0U Active CN217010373U (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Lithium battery charging protection circuit |
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| CN (1) | CN217010373U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-11-25 CN CN202122925699.0U patent/CN217010373U/en active Active
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