CN216975743U

CN216975743U - Gear shifting device and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN216975743U
Application number: CN202220696302.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宏德; 刘光; 谢毅
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-28
Filing date: 2022-03-28
Publication date: 2022-07-15
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gear shifting device and a vehicle, wherein the gear shifting device comprises: a housing; a drive assembly disposed within the housing; the transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the driving assembly; the shifting fork assembly is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly and is driven by the transmission assembly to move; and the electric control assembly is arranged in the shell and positioned behind the driving assembly, and the electric control assembly is electrically connected with the driving assembly. The electric control assembly is integrated in the shell, so that the gear shifting device does not need to be additionally provided with an electric control system, the structure of the gear shifting device is compact and durable, the cost is low, and the gear shifting device is easy to produce in quantity.

Description

Gear shifting device and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of gear shifting devices, in particular to a gear shifting device and a vehicle.

Background

The electric automobile adopts an electric control system to control the voltage or current of a motor arranged on a drive axle, so as to realize the control of the driving torque and the rotating direction of the motor. Because the motor of the electric control system can realize motor reversal, the pure electric automobile does not need to be provided with a reverse gear device compared with the traditional automobile. The gear shifting motor drives the lead screw to rotate through the end face gear, so that the lead screw nut moves linearly, one end or two ends of the guide rod are fixed, and the shifting fork is fixedly connected with the lead screw nut, so that the linear motion of the lead screw is directly transmitted to the shifting fork.

In the correlation technique, the gear shifting motor and the electric control part are of a non-integrated structure, the integration of the gear shifting mechanism cannot be realized, an EMC electric control system needs to be additionally added, the structure is simplified and practical inadequately, and the cost is high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the gear shifting device is compact in structure, the driving assembly and the electric control assembly are integrated, the design is ingenious and reasonable, and the accuracy, the reliability and the durability of the gear shifting device are greatly improved.

The utility model also provides a vehicle.

A gear shift device according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the utility model includes: a housing; a drive assembly disposed within the housing; the transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the driving assembly; the shifting fork assembly is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly and is driven by the transmission assembly to move; and the electric control assembly is arranged in the shell and positioned behind the driving assembly, and the electric control assembly is electrically connected with the driving assembly.

According to the gear shifting device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the electric control assembly is integrated in the shell, so that an electric control system is not required to be additionally arranged in the gear shifting device, and the gear shifting device is compact and durable in structure, low in cost and easy to produce in mass.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the housing comprises: the electric control device comprises a base and a shell, wherein the shell is arranged above the base, a driving component and an electric control component are arranged in the shell, part of a transmission component is arranged in the shell, and the other part of the transmission component penetrates through the base to extend to the lower part.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the housing comprises: the electronic control device comprises a first shell and a second shell, wherein the first shell is arranged on one side of the second shell, the first shell and the second shell are fixed with each other, a driving assembly is arranged in the first shell, and an electronic control assembly is arranged in the second shell.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the housing further comprises: a first seal disposed between the housing and the base; and/or, the housing further comprises: a second seal disposed between the first housing and the second housing.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the transmission assembly comprises: first driving medium, second driving medium and third driving medium, first driving medium with the drive assembly transmission is connected, the second driving medium with the transmission of first driving medium is connected, the third driving medium cover is established on the second driving medium and with the transmission of second driving medium is connected, the drive of second driving medium the third driving medium moves in the axial, the third driving medium with the transmission of shift fork subassembly is connected.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the drive assembly comprises: the driving shaft is in transmission connection with the first transmission piece, and the extending direction of the driving shaft is the same as that of the second transmission piece.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the fork assembly is provided with one of a slot and an insert, the third transmission member is provided with the other of a slot and an insert, and the slot and the insert are matched with each other.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the fork assembly comprises: the shifting fork is provided with a guide hole parallel to the second transmission piece, the linear bearing is arranged in the guide hole, and the guide rod penetrates through the linear bearing.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the gear shift device further comprises: the at least two limiting rods are inserted into the shell, and the two sides of the shifting fork assembly are in limiting fit with the shifting fork assembly.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the utility model includes: the gear shifting device.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shifting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a shifting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a shifting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a portion of the shifting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals are as follows:

100. a shifting device;

10. a housing; 11. a base; 12. a housing; 121. a first housing; 122. a second housing; 13. a first seal member; 14. a second seal member; 15. a limiting rod;

20. a drive assembly; 21. a drive shaft; 22. a second bearing;

30. a transmission assembly; 31. a first transmission member; 32. a second transmission member; 33. a third transmission member; 331. inserting a block; 34. a first bearing;

40. a fork assembly; 41. a shifting fork; 42. a guide bar; 43. a linear bearing; 44. inserting slots;

50. an electronic control assembly.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, the embodiments described with reference to the drawings being illustrative, and the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

Referring now to fig. 1-4, a shifting apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described, and a vehicle having the shifting apparatus 100 is also presented.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a shifting apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the driving assembly 20 is arranged in the shell 10, the transmission assembly 30 is in transmission connection with the driving assembly 20, and the fork assembly 40 is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly 30 to move under the driving of the transmission assembly 30. That is, the driving assembly 20 and the partial transmission assembly 30 are integrated in the housing 10, so that not only the integration level of the gear shifting device 100 but also the sealing performance of the gear shifting device 100 can be improved, and thus the service life and the safety of the gear shifting device 100 can be improved.

The driving assembly 20 performs corresponding actions, such as forward rotation, reverse rotation, and the number of rotation turns, after receiving the shift command. And, the driving assembly 20 and the transmission assembly 30 are in transmission connection with each other, wherein the transmission assembly 30 can change circumferential rotation into axial movement, i.e., back and forth movement, so that the transmission assembly 30 can drive the fork assembly 40 to move in the front and rear directions.

And, the clutch collar of fork assembly 40 and synchronous ware is mutually supported, promptly, fork assembly 40 can drive the clutch collar back-and-forth movement when moving in the front and back to make the synchronous ware can cooperate with different gears, and then realized gearshift 100's the operation of shifting.

Further, the gear shift device 100 further includes: the electronic control assembly 50 is disposed in the housing 10 and behind the driving assembly 20, and the electronic control assembly 50 is electrically connected to the driving assembly 20. That is, the electronic control assembly 50 and the driving assembly 20 can be integrated into the housing 10 at the same time, so that the driving assembly 20 and the electronic control assembly 50 of the gear shifting device 100 are integrated, that is, the gear shifting device 100 does not need to add an additional electronic control system, and the gear shifting device 100 has a compact and durable structure, is low in cost, and is easy to mass-produce.

Therefore, the electronic control assembly 50 is integrated in the housing 10, so that the gear shifting device 100 does not need to be additionally provided with an electronic control system, and the gear shifting device 100 is compact and durable in structure, low in cost and easy to produce in mass.

In addition, automatically controlled subassembly 50 is the circuit board, and the lid seals heat conduction silicone grease on the circuit board, and this heat conduction silicone grease can heat conduction heat dissipation, also has IP67 level water-proof effects simultaneously to and, drive assembly 20 is driving motor, and further driving motor can be brushless DC motor, and brushless DC motor has the noise low, the temperature rise is low, the vibration is low, longe-lived multiple advantage such as, and heat conduction silicone grease is enough to satisfy driving motor's heat dissipation, and driving motor, automatically controlled waterproof nature.

As shown in fig. 1, the housing 10 includes: the electronic control device comprises a base 11 and a shell 12, wherein the shell 12 is arranged above the base 11, a driving component 20 and an electronic control component 50 are arranged in the shell 12, part of a transmission component 30 is arranged in the shell 12, and the other part penetrates through the base 11 and extends to the lower part. That is, the driving assembly 20 and the electronic control assembly 50 are disposed in the housing 12, so that the driving assembly 20 and the electronic control assembly 50 can be protected by the housing 12, and thus, dust or liquid can be prevented from affecting the normal operation of the driving assembly 20 and the electronic control assembly 50. Moreover, part of the transmission assembly 30 can also be arranged in the shell 12, so that the shell 12 can also protect the transmission assembly 30, and in addition, the other part of the transmission assembly 30 penetrates through the base 11 and extends to the lower part, so that the transmission assembly 30 and the shifting fork assembly 40 can be conveniently connected in a transmission manner.

And, be provided with the waterproof atmospheric pressure balancing hole that sets up with drive assembly 20 relatively on casing 12, the atmospheric pressure that causes because of factors such as temperature, environment in the motor chamber changes, can influence driving motor job stabilization nature, and the atmospheric pressure balancing hole can realize motor chamber and external intercommunication to driving motor job stabilization nature has been ensured.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing 12 includes: the electronic control device comprises a first shell 121 and a second shell 122, wherein the first shell 121 is arranged on one side of the second shell 122, the first shell 121 and the second shell 122 are fixed to each other, a driving assembly 20 is arranged in the first shell 121, and an electronic control assembly 50 is arranged in the second shell 122. That is, the housing 12 is divided into the first housing 121 and the second housing 122, and the driving assembly 20 is disposed in the first housing 121, and the electronic control assembly 50 is disposed in the second housing 122, so that the driving assembly 20 and the electronic control assembly 50 can be fixed in the first housing 121 and the second housing 122, respectively, and then the first housing 121 and the second housing 122 can be fixed together, and the electronic control assembly 50 and the driving assembly 20 can be electrically connected together, which can improve the assembly efficiency of the gear shifting apparatus 100.

Specifically, after the driving assembly 20 is installed in the first housing 121, the driving assembly is riveted, wherein the riveting process can bear a large pulling-out force. Because the driving assembly 20 is easy to loosen due to vibration, torsion and other factors during the operation of the driving assembly 20, the riveting process avoids the problems, so that the structure of the driving assembly 20 is stable and reliable.

Further, the driving assembly 20 can directly use the base 11 and the second housing 122 as a housing, thereby eliminating parts and materials for machining and assembling the housing of the driving assembly 20, greatly reducing the cost of the gear shifting device 100, and increasing the integration level of the gear shifting device 100.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing 10 further includes: a first seal 13, the first seal 13 being disposed between the housing 12 and the base 11. That is, the first sealing member 13 is provided between the housing 12 and the base 11, and the sealing performance between the housing 12 and the base 11 can be improved by providing the first sealing member 13, thereby making the waterproof performance of the gear shift device 100 better.

And, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing 10 further includes: and a second sealing member 14, the second sealing member 14 being disposed between the first housing 121 and the second housing 122. That is, when the first housing 121 and the second housing 122 are fixedly connected to each other, the second sealing member 14 is interposed between the first housing 121 and the second housing 122, so that the sealing performance of the housing 12 can be improved, and the waterproof performance of the gear shift device 100 can also be improved.

In particular, the first seal 13 and the second seal 14 may both be sealing gaskets.

As further shown with reference to fig. 2-4, the transmission assembly 30 includes: the transmission device comprises a first transmission piece 31, a second transmission piece 32 and a third transmission piece 33, wherein the first transmission piece 31 is in transmission connection with the driving component 20, the second transmission piece 32 is in transmission connection with the first transmission piece 31, the third transmission piece 33 is sleeved on the second transmission piece 32 and is in transmission connection with the second transmission piece 32, the second transmission piece 32 drives the third transmission piece 33 to move in the axial direction, and the third transmission piece 33 is in transmission connection with the shifting fork component 40. Wherein, first driving medium 31 can be first driven gear, second driving medium 32 is the lead screw, third driving medium 33 is the lead screw nut, that is to say, when first driven gear rotated, lead screw and first driven gear coaxial rotation to make the lead screw nut of cooperation on the lead screw back-and-forth movement, final fork assembly 40 drives the gear of shifting gears and realizes the switching of different gears through removing certain distance and direction

And, the first bearing 34 is sleeved on the lead screw, wherein the first bearing 34 not only can play a role of bearing, but also can facilitate the rotation of the lead screw and the first transmission gear.

Furthermore, the transmission assembly 30 further comprises: a driving gear and a second driven gear, wherein the driving gear and the driving assembly 20 are driven with each other, and the second driven gear is engaged between the driving gear and the first driving gear. The second driven gear is tightly matched with the third bearing, the third bearing is tightly matched with the installation shaft, and the installation shaft is tightly matched with the base 11, so that both ends of the installation shaft are fixed, and the problems that the installation shaft is not stressed unbalanced and is skewed or clamped and the like due to the radial component force applied to the second driven gear in the transmission process are avoided.

Further, as shown with reference to fig. 3 and 4, the driving assembly 20 includes: the driving shaft 21, the driving shaft 21 and the first transmission piece 31 are in transmission connection, and the extending direction of the driving shaft 21 is the same as that of the second transmission piece 32. That is to say, drive shaft 21 and second driving medium 32 are parallel to each other for drive shaft 21 and second driving medium 32, be the meshing transmission of spur gear and spur gear between the lead screw, mesh steadily reliably, the noise is low, and the processing is easy, and the cost is lower, and, the assembly efficiency of gearshift 100 is higher.

In addition, the installation directions of the driving gear, the first driven gear and the second driven gear are in one plane, so that the base 11 is easy to process and has low cost. Wherein, this straight tooth transmission structure can use synchronous belt to replace, also can satisfy mechanism performance to make the structure simpler and easier, the assembly is simple, and the precision easily guarantees, and the volume production nature is good.

In addition, mutual close-fitting between driving gear and the drive shaft 21, this assembly method simple process is reliable, is equipped with the shaft shoulder on the drive shaft 21 for driving gear assembly position precision is reliable and stable, and the volume production nature is good, and the rotation axis both ends all are equipped with second bearing 22, make drive shaft 21 rotatory steady, noiselessness, longe-lived.

Referring to fig. 4, the fork assembly 40 is provided with one of a slot 44 and a block 331, the third transmission member 33 is provided with the other of the slot 44 and the block 331, and the slot 44 and the block 331 are engaged with each other. So set up, when third driving medium 33 is moved back and forth under the drive of second driving medium 32, because cooperate each other through slot 44 and plug 331 between fork assembly 40 and the third driving medium 33 to make fork assembly 40 also can move in left and right direction, thereby realize the shift operation of gearshift 100. Specifically, the fork assembly 40 is provided with a slot 44, and the third transmission member 33 is provided with an insert 331, so that the transmission connection between the fork assembly 40 and the third transmission member 33 is realized.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 to 4 in conjunction, the fork assembly 40 includes: the shifting fork 41 is provided with a guide hole parallel to the second transmission piece 32, the linear bearing 43 is arranged in the guide hole, and the guide rod 42 penetrates through the linear bearing 43. That is, the fork 41 is provided with the above-described slot 44, that is, the fork 41 can be moved in the front-rear direction by the third transmission member 33. Moreover, the fork 41 may penetrate the guide rod 42, that is, the fork 41 may move along the extending direction of the guide rod 42, so that the moving stability of the fork 41 may be improved. Further, a linear bearing 43 is further arranged between the shifting fork 41 and the guide rod 42, so that the shifting fork 41 can be guided by the linear bearing 43, the problems of abrasion, clamping stagnation and the like of sliding fit between the guide hole and the guide rod 42 are avoided, the accuracy and reliability of the gear shifting device 100 can be ensured, and the production is reduced and the abrasion and noise caused by vibration and sliding fit friction are reduced.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 4 in conjunction, the gear shifting device 100 further includes: at least two limiting rods 15, at least two limiting rods 15 are inserted on the shell 10, and at least two limiting rods 15 are in limiting fit with the shifting fork assembly 40 on two sides of the shifting fork assembly 40. Because the screw nut not only can produce axial displacement under the drive of lead screw, still can produce the circumferential direction and rotate, specifically, be provided with gag lever post 15 respectively in the relative both sides of third driving medium 33 to the trend of rotating when making screw nut move on the lead screw is restricted by gag lever post 15, thereby avoids screw nut to take place the rotation. In addition, the limiting rod 15 and the shifting fork 41 do not interfere with each other, that is, the limiting rod 15 does not cause any interference to the forward and backward movement of the shifting fork 41, so that the vibration of the shifting fork 41 can be avoided, and the stable linear motion of the shifting fork 41 is ensured.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the utility model includes: a gear shifting device 100. Wherein the shifting operation of the vehicle is as follows:

when the vehicle needs to be shifted up, the driving assembly 20 rotates forward to drive the first transmission member 31 to rotate forward, and the second transmission member 32 and the first transmission member 31 rotate coaxially, that is, the second transmission member 32 rotates forward, so that the third transmission member 33 moves forward under the driving of the second transmission member 32, the shifting fork 41 and the third transmission member 33 move forward together, and the engaging sleeve matched with the shifting fork 41 also moves forward, thereby realizing the shifting up operation of the vehicle.

When the vehicle needs to be downshifted, the driving assembly 20 rotates reversely to drive the first transmission piece 31 to rotate reversely, and the second transmission piece 32 and the first transmission piece 31 rotate coaxially, namely the second transmission piece 32 rotates reversely, so that the third transmission piece 33 moves backwards under the driving of the second transmission piece 32, meanwhile, the shifting fork 41 and the third transmission piece 33 move backwards together, and the joint sleeve matched on the shifting fork 41 also moves backwards, thereby realizing the downshifting operation of the vehicle.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the utility model.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

While embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gear change device, comprising:

a housing;

a drive assembly disposed within the housing;

the transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the driving assembly;

the shifting fork assembly is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly and is driven by the transmission assembly to move; and

the electronic control assembly is arranged in the shell and behind the driving assembly, and the electronic control assembly is electrically connected with the driving assembly.

2. The shifting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises: the electric control device comprises a base and a shell, wherein the shell is arranged above the base, a driving component and an electric control component are arranged in the shell, part of a transmission component is arranged in the shell, and the other part of the transmission component penetrates through the base to extend to the lower part.

3. The shifting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the housing comprises: the electronic control device comprises a first shell and a second shell, wherein the first shell is arranged on one side of the second shell, the first shell and the second shell are fixed with each other, a driving assembly is arranged in the first shell, and an electronic control assembly is arranged in the second shell.

4. The shifting apparatus of claim 3, wherein the housing further comprises: a first seal disposed between the housing and the base; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the housing further includes: a second seal disposed between the first housing and the second housing.

5. The shifter of claim 1, wherein the transmission assembly includes: first driving medium, second driving medium and third driving medium, first driving medium with the drive assembly transmission is connected, the second driving medium with the transmission of first driving medium is connected, the third driving medium cover is established on the second driving medium and with the transmission of second driving medium is connected, the drive of second driving medium the third driving medium moves in the axial, the third driving medium with the transmission of shift fork subassembly is connected.

6. The shifting apparatus of claim 5, wherein the drive assembly comprises: the driving shaft is in transmission connection with the first transmission piece, and the extending direction of the driving shaft is the same as that of the second transmission piece.

7. The gear shifting device of claim 5, wherein the fork assembly is provided with one of a slot and an insert, the third transmission member is provided with the other of a slot and an insert, and the slot and the insert cooperate with each other.

8. The shifting apparatus of claim 5, wherein the fork assembly comprises: the shifting fork is provided with a guide hole parallel to the second transmission part, the linear bearing is arranged in the guide hole, and the guide rod penetrates through the linear bearing.

9. The shifting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the at least two limiting rods are inserted into the shell and are in limiting fit with the shifting fork assembly on two sides of the shifting fork assembly.

10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: a gear change device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.