CN216958509U - Antenna assembly and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application relates to an antenna assembly and an electronic device, the antenna assembly comprising an antenna for radiating radio frequency signals and a supporting front shell which is electrically conductive; the front supporting shell is used for being arranged between a printed circuit board of electronic equipment and a display assembly of the electronic equipment so as to support the printed circuit board and the display assembly, the front supporting shell comprises a feeding point and a front shell body, the feeding point is connected with the antenna, the front shell body is provided with a gap, and the gap is used for changing the current distribution condition of the front shell body under the condition that the antenna radiates the radio-frequency signal. The antenna assembly can improve the convenience of changing the radiation pattern of the antenna. The electronic device includes the antenna assembly.

Description

Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an antenna assembly and an electronic device.

Background

With the development of the antenna technology field, how to change the radiation pattern of the antenna easily is more and more important.

In the related art, when the antenna and the radio frequency device provided in the antenna assembly are fixed, the radiation pattern of the antenna is also fixed. If the radiation pattern of the antenna needs to be changed, a new antenna and a new radio frequency device need to be replaced. However, the convenience of changing the radiation pattern of an antenna is greatly affected by the replacement of new antennas and radio frequency devices.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly and an electronic device, and the convenience of changing the radiation pattern of an antenna can be improved.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna assembly comprising:

an antenna for radiating a radio frequency signal;

the casing before the support that can electrically conduct, the casing is used for setting up before the support printed circuit board of electronic equipment with between the display module of electronic equipment, in order to support printed circuit board and the display module, the casing includes feed point and preceding casing main part before supporting, the feed point with the antenna is connected, preceding casing main part is provided with the gap, the gap is used for the antenna radiation change under the radio frequency signal's the condition current distribution condition of preceding casing main part.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a printed circuit board, a display assembly and an antenna assembly as described above, the supporting front shell being arranged between the printed circuit board of the electronic device and the display assembly of the electronic device.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:

the radio frequency transceiver is connected with each conducting unit of the antenna assembly and used for controlling the conducting units to conduct or break edge passages among different edges of the gap crossed by the conducting units.

The antenna assembly and the electronic equipment comprise an antenna and a conductive supporting front shell, wherein the antenna is used for radiating radio frequency signals; the front supporting shell is used for being arranged between a printed circuit board of electronic equipment and a display assembly of the electronic equipment so as to support the printed circuit board and the display assembly, the front supporting shell comprises a feeding point and a front shell body, the feeding point is connected with the antenna, the front shell body is provided with a gap, and the gap is used for changing the current distribution condition of the front shell body under the condition that the antenna radiates the radio-frequency signal. Because the current distribution condition of the front shell main body can be changed when the antenna radiates radio-frequency signals by arranging the slot on the front shell main body supporting the front shell, the radiation pattern of the antenna radiating radio-frequency signals is changed, a new antenna and a new radio-frequency device are not required to be replaced, and the convenience of changing the radiation pattern of the antenna is improved. In addition, the emission pattern of the antenna can be changed without replacing a new antenna and a radio frequency device, so that the cost problem caused by replacing the new device is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna assembly in one embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alternative antenna assembly according to one embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating current distribution in the front housing body when all the on switches are turned off, respectively, in one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating current distribution in the front housing body when all the switches are turned on, respectively, in one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the comparison of the radiation patterns when all switches are turned off and when all switches are turned on, respectively, in one embodiment;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another antenna assembly in an embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The antenna assembly related to the embodiment of the present application may be applied to an electronic device with a wireless communication function, where the electronic device may be a handheld device, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a computing device or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, and various forms of User Equipment (UE) (e.g., a Mobile phone), a Mobile Station (MS), and so on. For convenience of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as electronic devices.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the electronic device includes a supporting front case 100 that is electrically conductive, a printed circuit board 200, and a display assembly 300. The support front case 100 is disposed between the printed circuit board 200 and the display module 300 of the electronic device for supporting the printed circuit board 200 and the display module 300. The Display module 300 may be an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) screen or an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen, and the Display module 300 may be used to Display information and provide an interactive interface for a user. The display assembly 300 may be rectangular or corner-curved, which is sometimes referred to as a rounded rectangle, i.e., the four corners of the rectangle are rounded, and the four sides of the rectangle are substantially straight-line segments.

The supporting front case 100 is electrically conductive, and the supporting front case 100 may be made of an electrically conductive material, including but not limited to a metal material, such as an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy, or stainless steel. If the supporting front case 100 is supported by a metal material, the supporting front case 100 may also be regarded as a metal front case.

The printed circuit board 200 may integrate electronic components such as a processor, a memory unit, a power management module, a baseband chip, a camera, a sensor, and a receiver of the electronic device. The printed circuit board 200 is disposed on a side facing away from the displayable region of the display assembly 300. A part of radio frequency circuits for processing radio frequency signals may be integrated on the printed circuit board 200, and a controller or the like capable of controlling the operation of the electronic device may be integrated. The radio frequency circuit includes, but is not limited to, an antenna assembly, an Amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a duplexer, and the like. In addition, the radio frequency circuitry may also communicate with networks and other devices via wireless communications. The wireless communication may use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Global Positioning System (GPS), email, Short Messaging Service (SMS), etc.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2 together, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna assembly in one embodiment. In one embodiment, the antenna assembly includes an antenna 400 and a supporting front housing 100 that is electrically conductive. Wherein:

the antenna 400 is used to radiate radio frequency signals; the supporting front case 100 is configured to be disposed between a printed circuit board 200 of an electronic device and a display component 300 of the electronic device to support the printed circuit board 200 and the display component 300, the supporting front case 100 includes a feeding point and a front case main body 110, the feeding point is connected to the antenna 400, the front case main body 110 is provided with a gap 120, and the gap 120 is configured to change a current distribution condition of the front case main body 110 when the antenna 400 radiates the radio frequency signal.

Since the supporting front shell 100 is electrically conductive, when the antenna 400 radiates a radio frequency signal, a current is formed on the supporting front shell 100, and a radiation pattern is formed by a current distribution on the supporting front shell 100. The radiation pattern is a graph in which the relative field strength (normalized mode value) of a radiation field changes with the direction at a certain distance from the antenna 400, and is a graph description method for the radiation characteristics of the antenna 400. The antenna 400 radiation pattern is also known as the antenna pattern and the far field pattern.

In the present embodiment, the radiation pattern of the antenna 400 for radiating the radio frequency signal is changed by providing the slot 120 on the supporting front shell 100 connected to the antenna 400 so as to change the current distribution of the front shell main body 110. Specifically, since the slot 120 is disposed in the supporting front case 100, the current cannot pass through the slot 120, and therefore the current flows along the edge of the slot 120, the current distribution on the supporting front case 100 is changed, and since the radiation pattern is related to the current distribution, the current distribution is changed, and the corresponding radiation pattern is also changed. Alternatively, the slits 120 may be provided in the supporting front case 100 by etching.

In the technical scheme of this embodiment, the current distribution of the front case main body 110 can be changed by providing the slot 120 on the front case main body 110 supporting the front case 100, so that the radiation pattern of the antenna 400 for radiating radio frequency signals is changed, and the antenna 400 and the radio frequency device do not need to be replaced with new ones, thereby improving the convenience of changing the radiation pattern of the antenna 400. Moreover, since the radiation pattern of the antenna 400 can be changed without replacing the antenna 400 and the rf device with new ones, the cost problem caused by replacing new ones is also reduced.

It should be noted that the antenna 400 includes a bluetooth antenna for radiating bluetooth signals. Alternatively, the bluetooth antenna may be an IFA (inverted F) antenna.

It is understood that the antenna 400 may be other specific antennas, and is not limited to bluetooth antenna, and the embodiment is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the slit 120 is disposed at a first region of the front case body 110, and the distributed current value of the first region is greater than the average value of the distributed current of the front case body 110; and/or the slit 120 is disposed in a second region of the front case body 110, and the distributed current value of the second region is smaller than the average distributed current value of the front case body 110.

In the present embodiment, it may be that the slit 120 is provided at the first region of the front case main body 110; or the slit 120 is provided at the second region of the front case body 110; or the slit 120 is disposed at a first region of the front case body 110 and at a second region of the front case body 110.

The distributed current value of the first region is an average value of the distributed currents in the first region. The distribution current value of the second region refers to an average value of the distribution current in the second region. Specifically, the distributed current value of the first region in the supporting front case 100 before the slits 120 are disposed is greater than the distributed current average value of the front case main body 110. The distributed current value of the second region in the supporting front case 100 before the slits 120 are disposed is smaller than the distributed current average value of the front case main body 110.

Specifically, before the slits 120 are provided, the current distribution of the supporting front case 100 before the slits 120 are provided may be determined through simulation, so as to determine the distribution current value of each region of the supporting front case 100 before the slits 120 are provided according to the current distribution of the supporting front case 100 before the slits 120 are provided, and then the slits 120 are provided in a region where the distribution current value is greater than the average value of the distribution current, and/or the slits 120 are provided in a region where the distribution current value is less than the average value of the distribution current.

It should be noted that the larger the distribution current value in the region where the slit 120 is provided, the more obvious the result of the change of the radiation pattern becomes. Alternatively, the slit 120 is disposed in a region where the distributed current value is the largest, or the slit 120 is disposed in a region where the distributed current value is the smallest.

In the technical solution of this embodiment, by disposing the slot 120 in the first region with a larger distribution current value and/or disposing the slot 120 in the first region with a smaller distribution current value, as the larger the distribution current value of the region in which the slot 120 is disposed is, the more obvious the result of the change of the radiation pattern is, the area of the slot 120 does not need to be set to be larger, the radiation pattern of the antenna 400 can also be changed more obviously, and the supporting performance for supporting the front housing 100 can also be improved greatly.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna assembly according to an embodiment. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the antenna assembly further includes a conducting unit 500, wherein:

the conducting unit 500 crosses different edges of the slit 120, and the conducting unit 500 is used for conducting or breaking an edge path between the different edges crossed by the conducting unit 500; here, the current distribution of the front case body 110 is different depending on the on/off state of the edge path.

In this embodiment, the current distribution of the front housing body 110 is different according to the on-off state of the edge path between different edges spanned by the conducting unit 500, so that the radiation patterns of the antenna 400 for radiating the rf signals are different.

For example, assuming that the edge vias are on, the radiation pattern of the antenna 400 is a first radiation pattern; when the edge path is disconnected, the radiation pattern of the radio frequency signal radiated by the antenna 400 is the second radiation pattern, and the first radiation pattern is different from the second radiation pattern. Specifically, when the radiation pattern of the antenna 400 needs to be the first radiation pattern, the edge access is controlled to be turned on through the conducting unit 500; when the radiation pattern of the antenna 400 needs to be made the second radiation pattern, the edge path is controlled to be off by the on-cell 500.

According to the technical scheme of this embodiment, the conducting unit 500 is disposed in the antenna assembly, and the conducting unit 500 crosses different edges of the slot 120, so that the conducting or disconnecting of the edge path between different edges can be controlled by the conducting unit 500 as required, thereby obtaining different current distribution conditions, and further obtaining different radiation patterns. That is to say, by setting the slot 120 and setting the conducting switch on the slot 120, different radiation patterns can be obtained, and the signal coverage capabilities of different radiation patterns are different, so that in this embodiment, different radiation patterns can be obtained by setting the conducting unit 500, which is equivalent to obtaining different signal coverage capabilities, and the technical effect of improving the signal coverage capability of the antenna assembly is achieved. In addition, the signal coverage capability of the antenna assembly can be improved without increasing the number of the antennas 400, the number of components of the antenna assembly is reduced while the signal coverage capability of the antenna assembly is improved, and the size of the antenna assembly is reduced.

It should be noted that the number of the slits 120 may be one or more. If the number of the slits 120 is plural, at least one slit 120 may be provided with the conducting unit 500, for example, one slit 120 is provided with the conducting unit 500, and for example, each slit 120 is provided with the conducting unit 500. Alternatively, one or more conducting units 500 may be disposed on the same slot 120.

With reference to fig. 3, in an embodiment, there are a plurality of slits 120, the plurality of slits 120 are not overlapped with each other, and each of the slits 120 is respectively provided with a conducting unit 500.

In this embodiment, specifically, the plurality of slits 120 are provided, the plurality of slits 120 are not overlapped with each other, and each slit 120 is provided with the conducting unit 500, and the on-off states of the conducting switches on different slits 120 all bring different current distribution conditions, so as to obtain different radiation patterns, and therefore, the on-off states of the conducting switches on different slits 120 can be selectively controlled as needed, so as to obtain different radiation patterns.

It will be appreciated that, since the on/off states of the conducting switches in different slots 120 are different, the resulting radiation patterns are different, and that, theoretically, the number of radiation patterns that can be obtained by the antenna assembly is at least 2ⁿAnd n is the number of slots 120. Alternatively, if the number of conducting switches in each slot 120 is one, the antenna assembly can obtain a radiation patternNumber 2ⁿA plurality of; if there are multiple conducting switches in at least one slot 120, the number of radiation patterns that can be obtained by the antenna assembly exceeds 2ⁿAnd (4) respectively.

Refer to fig. 4 and 5. Fig. 4 shows the current distribution of the front case body 110 when all the on switches are turned off, respectively, in one embodiment. Fig. 5 shows the current distribution of the front case body 110 when all the on switches are turned on respectively in one embodiment.

As can be seen from a comparison between fig. 4 and 5, the current distribution of the front housing body 110 when all the on switches are turned off is different from the current distribution of the front housing body 110 when all the on switches are turned on, and thus different radiation patterns can be obtained.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a graph illustrating the result of comparing the radiation patterns when all the on switches are turned off and when all the on switches are turned on, respectively, in one embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, the radiation pattern enclosed by the solid line represents one of the radiation patterns, and the radiation pattern enclosed by the dotted line represents the other of the radiation patterns. It can be determined from fig. 6 that the radiation pattern when all conducting switches are respectively open is different from the radiation pattern when all conducting switches are respectively conducting.

With continued reference to fig. 3, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the supporting front case 100 further includes a front case bezel 130 disposed around the front case main body 110, and the conducting unit 500 disposed in the slot 120 is one, and the conducting unit 500 is disposed in the slot 120 at a side close to the front case bezel 130.

In the present embodiment, the conducting unit 500 is disposed on a side of the gap 120 close to the front shell frame 130, and it can be understood that a distance between the conducting unit 500 and the front shell frame 130 is smaller than a distance between the conducting unit 500 and an opposite edge of the gap 120, where the opposite edge is an edge of the gap 120 opposite to the front shell frame 130.

Specifically, the closer the on-switch is to the front housing frame 130, the greater the change in the radiation pattern of the on-switch when it is turned on or off. The present embodiment can make the difference between the radiation patterns obtainable by the antenna assembly as large as possible by disposing the conducting unit 500 at the side of the slot 120 close to the front housing frame 130.

In one embodiment, a first edge of the slot 120 extends to the front housing frame 130, and the conduction unit 500 crosses a second edge of the slot 120 and a third edge of the slot 120, which are respectively connected to the first edge, and coincides with the first edge.

In this embodiment, the first edge of the slot 120 extends to the front housing rim 130, and the pass-through element 500 crosses the second edge of the slot 120 and the third edge of the slot 120 and coincides with the first edge, which is equivalent to the pass-through element 500 being disposed at the front housing rim 130, so that the difference between the radiation patterns obtainable by the antenna assembly can be maximized.

It should be noted that the division of the edge of the slit 120 may be as follows: the tangent lines of any two points on the same edge are not perpendicular to each other. Alternatively, the shape of the slit 120 may be an irregular shape, or may be a regular shape, such as a rectangle.

In one embodiment, the turn-on unit 500 includes an SPST device (single pole single throw switch) having one end connected to one of the edges of the slot 120 and the other end connected to the other edge of the slot 120, the SPST device being used to turn on or off an edge path between the different edges to which the SPST device is connected.

Among them, a single pole single throw switch (SPST) belongs to one of the coaxial switches.

In the present embodiment, the edge path is turned on by the SPST device, and the resistance of the SPST device is small, so that the loss of the antenna 400 for radiating the rf signal is reduced.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another antenna assembly in one embodiment. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the supporting front shell 100 further includes a front shell frame 130 disposed around the front shell main body 110, the gap 120 is disposed with a plurality of the conducting units 500, and the distances between the plurality of the conducting units 500 and the front shell frame 130 in the extending direction of the gap 120 are different.

Specifically, the closer the on-switch is to the front housing frame 130, the greater the change in the radiation pattern of the on-switch when it is turned on or off. In this embodiment, by disposing a plurality of conducting units 500 in the same slot 120, distances between the plurality of conducting units 500 and the front housing frame 130 in the extending direction of the slot 120 are different, and the on-off states of the plurality of conducting units 500 on the same slot 120 are different, so that the obtained radiation patterns are different.

In the technical scheme of this embodiment, the plurality of conducting units 500 are disposed in the same slot 120, and the distances between the plurality of conducting units 500 and the front housing frame 130 in the extending direction of the slot 120 are different, so that the on-off states corresponding to the plurality of conducting units 500 in the same slot 120 are different, the obtained radiation patterns are different, and the signal coverage capability of the antenna assembly is further improved.

In one embodiment, an electronic device is also provided that includes a printed circuit board, a display assembly, and an antenna assembly. Wherein the antenna assembly comprises a supporting front shell and an antenna, the antenna assembly being as described with reference to any of the embodiments above.

In this embodiment, the supporting front case is disposed between a printed circuit board of the electronic device and a display assembly of the electronic device, for supporting the printed circuit board and the display assembly.

In one embodiment, the electronic device further comprises a radio frequency transceiver. The radio frequency transceiver is used for controlling the conducting unit to conduct or break an edge passage between different edges of the gap crossed by the conducting unit.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the radio frequency transceiver controls the conducting unit to conduct or break the edge path, so that the current radiation pattern of the antenna assembly is the best using state for the antenna assembly.

The above examples only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna assembly, comprising:

an antenna for radiating a radio frequency signal;

the casing before support that can electrically conduct, the casing is used for setting up before supporting printed circuit board at electronic equipment with between electronic equipment's the display module, in order to support printed circuit board and display module, the casing includes feed point and preceding casing main part before supporting, the feed point with the antenna is connected, preceding casing main part is provided with the gap, the gap is used for the antenna radiation change under the radio frequency signal's the electric current distribution condition of preceding casing main part.

2. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the slot is disposed in a first region of the front housing body, a distributed current value of the first region being greater than a distributed current average value of the front housing body; and/or the gap is arranged in a second area of the front shell main body, and the distributed current value of the second area is smaller than the average value of the distributed current of the front shell main body.

3. The antenna assembly of claim 1, further comprising:

the conducting unit crosses different edges of the gap and is used for conducting or disconnecting an edge passage between the different edges crossed by the conducting unit;

wherein, the current distribution condition of the front shell main body is different according to the on-off state of the edge passage.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, wherein the slot is a plurality of slots, the plurality of slots do not overlap with each other, and the conducting unit is provided in each slot.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, wherein the supporting front shell further comprises a front shell frame disposed around the front shell main body, the conducting unit disposed in the gap is plural, and distances between the plurality of conducting units and the front shell frame in an extending direction of the gap are different.

6. The antenna assembly of claim 3, wherein the supporting front case further comprises a front case bezel disposed around the front case main body, the conducting unit disposed in the slot is one, and the conducting unit is disposed on a side of the slot close to the front case bezel.

7. The antenna assembly of claim 6, wherein a first edge of the slot extends to the front housing bezel, and wherein the conducting element spans a second edge of the slot and a third edge of the slot coincident with the first edge, the second edge and the third edge respectively meeting the first edge.

8. The antenna assembly of any one of claims 3-7, wherein the conducting unit comprises an SPST device having one end connected to one of the edges of the slot and another end connected to another of the edges of the slot, the SPST device being configured to conduct or break an edge path between the different edges of the SPST device connection.

9. An electronic device comprising a printed circuit board, a display assembly, and the antenna assembly of any one of claims 1-8, the supporting front cover being disposed between the printed circuit board of the electronic device and the display assembly of the electronic device.

10. The electronic device of claim 9, further comprising:

the radio frequency transceiver is connected with each conducting unit of the antenna assembly and used for controlling the conducting units to conduct or break edge passages among different edges of the gap crossed by the conducting units.

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