CN216954004U - Calcination type refining slag rotary kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of recycling of aluminum ash and aluminum slag, and particularly discloses a calcination type refining slag rotary kiln; the band-type brake comprises a frame, a cylinder, a wheel belt, a riding wheel, a driving mechanism and a band-type brake mechanism; the tug wheels are uniformly arranged on the frame, the wheel belts are fixedly connected to the outer side of the cylinder body, and the wheel belts are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the cylinder body; the two ends of the frame are respectively provided with a kiln tail smoke chamber and a kiln head cover, the kiln tail smoke chamber is higher than the kiln head cover, and the two ends of the cylinder are rotationally connected with the kiln tail smoke chamber and the kiln head cover; the wheel belt is arranged on the tug and is in rolling connection with the tug; the driving mechanism comprises an outer gear ring which is fixedly connected to the front side of the cylinder body, and the outer gear ring is arranged between the wheel belts at the rear side of the cylinder body; the band-type brake mechanism comprises a ring pad which is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and the ring pad is arranged between the front side wheel belts of the cylinder body; the utility model solves the problem that when the auxiliary motor drives the rotary kiln, the rotary kiln can be inverted and kiln skins can not be formed in the rotary kiln.

Description

Calcination type refining slag rotary kiln

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of recycling of aluminum ash and aluminum slag, and particularly discloses a calcination type refining slag rotary kiln.

Background

The material in the rotary kiln is calcined and can be combined with the refractory bricks with hot-melt surfaces to form a kiln coating due to the self-adhesive property of the material; the liquid phase appears after the materials enter the burning zone and increases along with the temperature rise; when the surface of the refractory brick is slightly melted, certain adhesive clinker can cover the refractory brick lining along with the rotation of the kiln cylinder, and certain heat is absorbed from the refractory brick to generate chemical reaction, a first layer of kiln coating is formed along with the reduction of the kiln temperature, the kiln coating becomes thicker and thicker along with the operation time of the rotary kiln, the surface temperature of the kiln coating becomes higher and higher, and the kiln coating becomes firm and compact after calcination; the kiln coating is hung in the rotary kiln, so that the service life of the refractory bricks can be prolonged, the cylinder of the rotary kiln is protected from being damaged, the outward heat loss is reduced, and the heat efficiency is improved; however, in a transition zone of the rotary kiln, namely an exothermic reaction zone of the rotary kiln, the temperature changes frequently, the temperature of the barrel is high, the chemical corrosion is serious, and the kiln coating at the position can be hung and removed in time; when the worker hangs the kiln skin of the rotary kiln again, the auxiliary transmission system motor is needed to rotate the rotary kiln; the auxiliary motor has small power, and when the rotary kiln is driven to rotate, the rotary kiln can be inverted, so that kiln skins cannot be formed in the rotary kiln or safety accidents cannot be caused.

In view of the above, the present inventors have provided a rotary kiln for a calcination-type refining slag in order to solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a calcination type refining slag rotary kiln to solve the problem that when an auxiliary motor drives the rotary kiln, the rotary kiln can be inverted and kiln skins can not be formed in the rotary kiln.

In order to achieve the aim, the basic scheme of the utility model provides a calcination type refining slag rotary kiln, which comprises a frame, a cylinder body, a wheel belt, a riding wheel, a driving mechanism and a band-type brake mechanism; the tug wheels are uniformly arranged on the frame, the wheel belts are fixedly connected to the outer side of the cylinder body, and the wheel belts are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the cylinder body; the two ends of the frame are respectively provided with a kiln tail smoke chamber and a kiln head cover, the kiln tail smoke chamber is higher than the kiln head cover, and the two ends of the cylinder are rotationally connected with the kiln tail smoke chamber and the kiln head cover; the wheel belt is arranged on the tug and is in rolling connection with the tug; the driving mechanism comprises an outer gear ring which is fixedly connected to the front side of the cylinder body, and the outer gear ring is arranged between the wheel belts at the rear side of the cylinder body; the band-type brake mechanism comprises a ring pad which is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and the ring pad is arranged between the front side wheel belts of the cylinder body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: when the kiln skin is hung in the rotary kiln, the driving mechanism drives the cylinder body to rotate, and the wheel belt rolls on the towing wheel; the kiln tail smoke chamber is higher than the kiln head cover, the materials enter the barrel from the kiln tail smoke chamber, and gradually move from the kiln tail smoke chamber end of the barrel to the kiln head cover end along with the rotation of the barrel; the materials enter the cylinder body and are calcined to generate liquid phase, when the surface of the refractory brick is slightly melted, the clinker with certain adhesiveness can cover the refractory brick lining along with the rotation of the kiln cylinder body, and absorb certain heat from the refractory brick to generate chemical reaction, and kiln skin is formed along with the reduction of the kiln temperature; when the cylinder body is reversed, the band-type brake mechanism acts and fixes the column ring pad to prevent the cylinder body from being reversed, so that the problem that the rotary kiln can be reversed and kiln skins cannot be formed in the rotary kiln when the rotary kiln is driven by the auxiliary motor is solved.

Furthermore, the contracting brake mechanism also comprises two contracting brake units which are symmetrically arranged; the band-type brake unit comprises a bottom plate, a guide cylinder, a support column, a hydraulic oil cylinder and an arc-shaped plate; the bottom plate is sequentially provided with a supporting plate and a baffle plate from inside to outside; a circular hole is formed in the upper part of the supporting plate, the guide cylinder is fixedly connected in the circular hole, the supporting column is arranged in the guide cylinder, the outer end of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a pressing plate, and the inner end of the supporting column is hinged with the arc-shaped plate; the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper part of the baffle, and a piston of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the pressing plate through a bolt; the arc plate is fixedly connected with a flashboard, the outer side of the ring pad is fixedly connected with a wear-resisting ring, and the flashboard can abut against the wear-resisting ring.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: when the brake mechanism acts, the hydraulic oil cylinder acts, the piston of the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the pressing plate to move inwards, the supporting column slides inwards in the guide cylinder, and the flashboard props against the wear-resisting ring; the flashboard and the wear-resisting ring generate friction, the flashboard locks the wear-resisting ring to prevent the cylinder from reversing, and the problem that the rotary kiln can possibly reverse and kiln skins can not be formed in the rotary kiln when the rotary kiln is driven by the auxiliary motor is solved.

Further, the driving mechanism comprises a main motor, an auxiliary transmission motor with a speed reducer, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor; a rack at the bottom of the outer gear ring is provided with a gear, and the gear is meshed with the outer gear ring; the main motor and the auxiliary transmission motor are fixedly connected to the frames on the front side and the rear side of the hydraulic pump, the main motor and the auxiliary transmission motor can respectively drive the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic motor through a pressure pipeline, and the hydraulic motor drives the gear.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: the main motor and the auxiliary transmission motor can respectively drive the hydraulic pump to provide power for the hydraulic pump so as to drive the gear; the auxiliary transmission motor can still coil the kiln when the power supply of the brake main motor is interrupted and overhauled.

Further, a flange A and a flange B are respectively arranged at the left end of the guide cylinder and the right part of the guide cylinder; the flange A is connected with the pressing plate through bolts, and the flange B is connected with the supporting plate through bolts.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: the flange A and the flange B provide the bolt connection positions with the pressure applying plate and the supporting plate; the guide cylinder fixes the moving direction of the supporting tube, and the axial moving stability of the supporting column is guaranteed.

Furthermore, two round holes are formed in the upper portion of the supporting plate, and the two guide cylinders are arranged in the round holes.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: two guide cylinders are arranged on the supporting plate, namely two supporting columns are hinged with the arc-shaped plate; two support columns are hinged with the arc-shaped plate, the arc-shaped plate is fixed on the support columns, and when the flashboard abuts against the wear-resisting ring, the arc-shaped plate can bear the pressure transmitted by the flashboard.

Furthermore, bases are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the arc-shaped plate, and the inner ends of the support columns are hinged to the bases; the flashboard is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the inner side of the flashboard is the same as that of the outer circumference of the wear-resistant ring.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: the base provides a hinged position for the support column; the flashboard is in a circular arc shape and is matched with the shape of the wear-resisting ring; the curvature of the inner side of the flashboard is the same as that of the outer circumference of the wear-resistant ring, so that the flashboard can be tightly attached to the wear-resistant ring.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary kiln for a calcination-type refining slag proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 shows a partial enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a partial enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view through plane C-C of fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the kiln tail smoke chamber comprises a frame 1, a cylinder 2, a kiln head cover 3, a kiln tail smoke chamber 4, an outer gear ring 5, a hydraulic pump 6, a main motor 7, an auxiliary transmission motor 8, a wear-resistant ring 9, an arc plate 10, a supporting plate 11, a guide cylinder 12, a flange plate 1201, a flange plate 1202, a pressure applying plate 13, a baffle plate 14, a hydraulic oil cylinder 15, a gate plate 16, a ring pad 17, a bottom plate 18, a supporting column 19 and a wheel belt 20.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the utility model discloses atmospheric environment detection equipment, which comprises a rack 1, a cylinder 2, a belt pulley 20, a riding wheel, a driving mechanism and a band-type brake mechanism; the tug wheels are uniformly arranged on the frame 1, the wheel belts 20 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the cylinder body 2, and the wheel belts 20 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the cylinder body 2; the two ends of the frame 1 are respectively provided with a kiln tail smoke chamber 4 and a kiln head cover 3, the kiln tail smoke chamber 4 is higher than the kiln head cover 3, and the two ends of the cylinder 2 are rotatably connected with the kiln tail smoke chamber 4 and the kiln head cover 3; the wheel belt 20 is arranged on the tug, and the wheel belt 20 is in rolling connection with the tug; the driving mechanism comprises an outer gear ring 5, the outer gear ring 5 is fixedly connected to the front side of the barrel 2, and the outer gear ring 5 is arranged between the wheel belts 20 on the rear side of the barrel 2; the band-type brake mechanism comprises a ring pad 17, the ring pad 17 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body 2, and the ring pad 17 is arranged between the wheel belts 20 on the front side of the cylinder body 2.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: when the kiln skin is hung in the rotary kiln, the driving mechanism drives the cylinder body 2 to rotate, and the wheel belt 20 rolls on the tugboat; the kiln tail smoke chamber 4 is higher than the kiln head cover 3, the materials enter the barrel 2 from the kiln tail smoke chamber 4, and the materials gradually move from the end of the kiln tail smoke chamber 4 of the barrel 2 to the end of the kiln head cover 3 along with the rotation of the barrel 2; the materials enter the cylinder 2 and are calcined to generate liquid phase, when the surfaces of the refractory bricks are slightly melted, certain adhesive clinker can cover the refractory brick lining along with the rotation of the kiln cylinder 2, and certain heat is absorbed from the refractory bricks to generate chemical reaction, and a kiln coating is formed along with the reduction of the kiln temperature; when the cylinder body 2 is reversed, the band-type brake mechanism acts and fixes the column ring pad 17 to prevent the cylinder body 2 from being reversed, so that the problem that the rotary kiln can be reversed and kiln skins cannot be formed in the rotary kiln when the rotary kiln is driven by the auxiliary motor is solved;

the aluminum ash and the limestone powder are subjected to homogenization and preheating treatment and then enter a rotary kiln for calcination, the rotary kiln calcination smoke enters a cyclone preheater for heating the homogenized material, and the rotary kiln smoke discharged by the cyclone preheater is introduced to a high-temperature cloth bag pulse dust collector for treatment and then discharged through a high-exhaust-gas cylinder of 26 meters. The rotary kiln adopts natural gas as fuel, and the natural gas is directly combusted at a kiln opening through a spray gun; the main pollutants of the rotary kiln flue gas separated by the cyclone preheater are particulate matters, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and the like; adopting the measures of SNCR pin removal and a high-temperature cloth bag pulse dust collector to treat the smoke of the rotary kiln; CO2 generated by the pyrolysis of calcium carbonate in limestone is directly discharged; the dust removal efficiency of the high-temperature bag pulse dust collector set by the project is 99.9%, the SNCR denitration efficiency is 45%, the system air volume is 67351.8m3/h, and the equipment runs for 7920h in year; by analogy with relevant data of the same industry, the smoke generation concentration in the smoke of the rotary kiln in the project is about 6000mg/m3, the generation rate of the smoke in the smoke is 404.1kg/h, the generation amount is 3200.5t/a, the generation concentration of NO2 in the smoke of the rotary kiln in the project is about 100mg/m3, the generation rate of NO2 in the smoke is 6.74kg/h, the generation amount is 53.4t/a, and after the measures of SNCR denitration and high-temperature cloth bag pulse dust collector are adopted for treatment, the emission amount of the smoke in the smoke is 3.2t/a, the emission rate is 0.4kg/h, and the emission concentration is 6mg/m 3; the emission amount of NO2 in the flue gas is 29.37t/a, the emission rate is 3.70kg/h, and the emission concentration is 55mg/m 3;

preheating the aluminum ash and limestone powder raw materials subjected to item homogenization by a cyclone preheater, then feeding the preheated raw materials into a rotary kiln for calcination to generate a refining agent, feeding calcined flue gas into the cyclone preheater, conveying the refining agent to a cooling system by compressed air for cooling treatment, separating the compressed air from the refining agent, and conveying the refining agent to a finished product storage tank by a zipper machine; the dust-containing waste gas discharged by the cooling system is discharged into a high-temperature-resistant bag-type dust collector for treatment, the dust collection efficiency is 99.9%, the system air volume is 10000m3/h, and the equipment runs for 7920h every year. The production amount of the particulate matters in the dust-containing waste gas discharged by the project cooling system is 0.1 percent of the amount of a finished product (refining agent) processed by the cooling system, according to the balance of project materials, the refining agent entering the cooling system in the first project is 86988.1t/a, the production amount of the particulate matters is 87t/a, after the treatment by adopting a measure of a high-temperature-resistant bag-type dust remover, the discharge amount of the particulate matters is 0.087t/a, the discharge rate is 0.011kg/h, and the discharge concentration is 1.1mg/m 3; and the dust-containing waste gas discharged by the project cooling system is treated by a high-temperature-resistant bag-type dust collector and then discharged through a 15m high exhaust funnel.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4: the band-type brake mechanism also comprises two band-type brake units which are symmetrically arranged; the contracting brake unit comprises a bottom plate 18, a guide cylinder 12, a support column 19, a hydraulic oil cylinder 15 and an arc-shaped plate 10; the bottom plate 18 is provided with a supporting plate 11 and a baffle plate 14 in sequence from inside to outside; a circular hole is formed in the upper portion of the supporting plate 11, the guide cylinder 12 is fixedly connected in the circular hole, the supporting column 19 is arranged in the guide cylinder 12, the outer end of the supporting column 19 is fixedly connected with the pressing plate 13, and the inner end of the supporting column 19 is hinged with the arc-shaped plate 10; the hydraulic oil cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the baffle 14, and a piston of the hydraulic oil cylinder 15 is in bolted connection with the pressing plate 13; the arc plate 10 is fixedly connected with a flashboard 16, the outer side of the ring pad 17 is fixedly connected with a wear-resisting ring 9, and the flashboard 16 can prop against the wear-resisting ring 9.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: when the band-type brake mechanism acts, the hydraulic oil cylinder 15 acts, a piston of the hydraulic oil cylinder 15 drives the pressing plate 13 to move inwards, the supporting column 19 slides inwards in the guide cylinder 12, and the flashboard 16 props against the wear-resisting ring 9; the flashboard 16 and the wear-resisting ring 9 generate friction, the flashboard 16 locks the wear-resisting ring 9 to prevent the cylinder body 2 from reversing, and the problem that when the rotary kiln is driven by the auxiliary motor, the rotary kiln can possibly reverse and kiln skins cannot be formed in the rotary kiln is solved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2: the driving mechanism comprises a main motor 7, an auxiliary transmission motor 8 with a speed reducer, a hydraulic pump 6 and a hydraulic motor; a gear is arranged on the frame 1 at the bottom of the outer gear ring 5 and is meshed with the outer gear ring 5; the main motor 7 and the auxiliary transmission motor 8 are fixedly connected to the frame 1 on the front side and the rear side of the hydraulic pump 6, the main motor 7 and the auxiliary transmission motor 8 can respectively drive the hydraulic pump 6, the hydraulic pump 6 is connected with the hydraulic motor through a pressure pipeline, and the hydraulic motor drives the gear.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: the main motor 7 and the auxiliary transmission motor 8 can respectively drive the hydraulic pump 6 to provide power for the hydraulic pump 6 so as to drive the gear; the auxiliary transmission motor 8 can still coil the kiln when the power supply of the band-type brake main motor 7 is interrupted and overhauled.

As shown in fig. 4: a flange plate 1201 and a flange plate 1202 are respectively arranged at the left end of the guide cylinder 12 and the right part of the guide cylinder 12; the flange 1201 is bolted to the pressure plate 13 and the flange 1202 is bolted to the support plate 11.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: the flange plates 1201 and 1202 provide bolt connection positions with the pressure applying plate 13 and the support plate 11; the guide cylinder 12 fixes the moving direction of the support tube and ensures the axial moving stability of the support column 19.

Two round holes are arranged at the upper part of the supporting plate 11, and the two guide cylinders 12 are arranged in the round holes.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: two guide cylinders 12 are arranged on the support plate 11, namely two support columns 19 are hinged with the arc-shaped plate 10; the two supporting columns 19 are hinged with the arc-shaped plate 10, the arc-shaped plate 10 is fixed on the supporting columns 19, and when the flashboard 16 abuts against the wear-resisting ring 9, the arc-shaped plate 10 can bear the pressure transmitted by the flashboard 16.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4: bases are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the arc-shaped plate 10, and the inner ends of the support columns 19 are hinged on the bases; the flashboard 16 is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the inner side of the flashboard 16 is the same as that of the outer circumference of the wear-resisting ring 9.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that: the base provides a hinged location for the support posts 19; the flashboard 16 is in an arc shape and is matched with the shape of the wear-resisting ring 9; the curvature of the inner side of the gate plate 16 is the same as that of the outer circumference of the wear-resistant ring 9, and the gate plate 16 can be tightly attached to the wear-resistant ring 9.

The process flow for comprehensively utilizing the waste aluminum ash and the aluminum slag comprises the following steps:

first, the technical scheme

(1) Process flow

And (3) outsourcing aluminum ash and aluminum slag (belonging to dangerous waste) are conveyed to a factory area in a ton package mode, and are discharged to enter a raw material storage for storage. And (3) feeding the aluminum ash and the aluminum slag into a separation workshop, separating by a three-screen two-grinding process, and then feeding the separated aluminum into a smelting workshop to be smelted into aluminum ingots to be stored. The sorted remainder is mixed with limestone powder according to a certain proportion, preheated and then enters a rotary kiln to be calcined to become a refining agent, and the refining agent is cooled and then enters a warehouse for storage.

(2) Principle of reaction

The treated aluminum ash and slag are separated in a separation workshop, the separated aluminum ash and limestone powder enter a homogenizing silo, the main components of the mixed materials are Al2O3, CaCO3 and the like, and the mixed materials enter a rotary kiln and are calcined at high temperature to generate calcium aluminate CaO & Al2O3(Ca (AlO2) 2).

Al and oxygen are subjected to an oxidation reaction at a high temperature: 4Al(s) +3O2(g) → 2Al2O3(s)

CaCO3 undergoes decomposition reaction at high temperature: CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)

Carrying out a chemical combination reaction under the condition of high-temperature calcination of CaO and Al2O 3: CaO(s) + Al2O3(s) → Ca (AlO2)2

(3) Advantages of

The method has the advantages that waste is utilized to produce the refining agent by adopting the aluminum ash, the waste is changed into valuable, the nation and the people are benefited, the energy is saved, the refining agent is formed by calcining the electrolytic aluminum waste ash and the limestone in a rotary kiln, no pollution and no residue exist, the production of the refining agent is a scientific research project, and the refining agent is a leading technology in China.

② the refining agent plays a role in deoxidation and desulfurization and improving the quality of steel when used in a steel-making furnace, and the product is exported to countries such as Europe, Japan, Korea, India and the like and is well-received by foreign users.

And thirdly, the use of bauxite is reduced by using the waste aluminum ash to produce the refining agent, the national mineral resources are saved, and the problem of waste aluminum ash pollution is solved.

Fourthly, recycling part of high-purity aluminum products, and generating better economic benefit and social environmental benefit.

And fifthly, completing the comprehensive utilization of the waste aluminum ash through chemical and physical reaction processes. The production process is safe and environment-friendly, and accords with the national relevant industry guidance policy.

Sixthly, the secondary waste residue/waste ash pollution is not generated, and 100 percent of waste aluminum ash is completely recycled.

Secondly, analyzing the process flow and the pollution discharge link

The main engineering includes sorting engineering, smelting engineering and calcining engineering. The main process flow of each branch workshop is summarized as follows:

(1) sorting workshop process flow and production and pollution node analysis

And (3) transporting purchased aluminum ash and aluminum slag (belonging to dangerous waste) to a factory area in a ton package mode, and discharging to enter a raw material storage for storage. And (3) feeding the aluminum ash and the aluminum slag into a separation workshop through a hoister, and separating through a three-screen two-grinding process. Discharging aluminum ash and aluminum slag into a raw material warehouse, conveying the raw materials to a raw material warehouse of a separation workshop through a forklift, and intensively collecting dust-containing waste gas (G1) generated in the feeding and discharging processes of the raw material warehouse and then conveying the collected dust-containing waste gas to a gas collecting hood and a bag-type dust collector for treatment; the stock bin is connected with a #1 hoister, the raw materials are conveyed to a #1 grading sieve, the tail end of the stock bin is connected with a ball mill, the #1 grading sieve is used for sieving two layers of drum sieves, the inner layer adopts a 3mm screen, and the outer layer adopts a 120-mesh screen. The aluminum particles with the particle size of more than 3mm obtained after the inner layer is sieved enter an aluminum particle transfer box and are transferred to a smelting workshop to be smelted to produce aluminum ingots, and the undersize of the outer layer is aluminum ash with the particle size of less than 120 meshes and is transferred to an aluminum ash storage tank through an air tank to enter a calcining system; the particle size (120-3 mm) screened out from the middle is fallen to a #1 ball mill for ball milling, the particle size is fed into a #2 hoister while ball milling and is conveyed to a #2 classifying screen for screening, the #2 classifying screen is divided into two layers, the particle aluminum with the particle size of more than 3mm obtained after the inner layer is screened enters an aluminum particle transfer box and is transferred to a smelting workshop for smelting to produce aluminum ingots, the aluminum ash with the undersize of the outer layer of less than 3mm enters a calcining system, and dust-containing waste gas (G2) generated by the first-stage classifying screen, the first-stage ball mill and the second-stage classifying screen is intensively collected and then is conveyed to a bag dust collector for treatment; the middle screen material (120 meshes-3 mm) is lifted to a buffer box by a #3 lifter and then falls into a #2 ball mill for ball milling after being metered, the middle screen material enters a #4 lifter while being ball milled and is conveyed to a #3 classifying screen, the #3 classifying screen is a single-layer screen, the screen is 3mm, the granular aluminum with the grain size of more than 3mm obtained after the screening enters an aluminum granule transfer box and is transferred to a smelting workshop for smelting to produce aluminum ingots, the undersize material on the outer layer is aluminum ash with the grain size of less than 3mm, the aluminum content after the three-screen two-grinding process is lower than 3%, and the aluminum ash directly enters an aluminum ash storage tank through the lifter outside the sorting workshop and is conveyed for the calcining system process. Dust-containing waste gas (G3) generated by the second-stage ball mill and the third-stage grading sieve is collected in a centralized way and then sent to a bag-type dust remover for treatment. All equipment such as grading sieves, ball mills and conveyors in the separation workshop are constructed in a closed manner, steel shells are arranged outside the equipment, and the equipment is sealed in connection. The gas collecting hood is arranged above the feeding port and the discharging port of the raw material bin, the efficiency of the gas collecting hood is 90%, and dust which is not collected by the gas collecting hood forms unorganized emission.

2 production lines are arranged in the separation workshop, waste gas pollution production nodes and pollutant treatment measures of each production line are completely consistent, and G1, G2 and G3 waste gas generated by each pollution production node is conveyed to a corresponding bag-type dust collector through a pipeline to be treated and then is converged into 1 exhaust funnel with the height of 15m to be discharged. Dust collected by each dust remover in the project sorting workshop is not stacked and temporarily stored and directly enters the calcining process through the air chute for recycling. Two production lines of the whole plant of the separation workshop share 3 sets of bag-type dust collectors and 1 exhaust funnel with the height of 15 m.

Process flow of smelting workshop and analysis of produced sewage nodes

The aluminum particles which are larger than 3mm after being screened by the separation workshop enter the aluminum particle transfer box, then are conveyed to the smelting workshop through a forklift, and are added into the melting crucible to be melted. The melting crucible is indirectly heated by natural gas, the natural gas is heated to 600-700 ℃, aluminum particles begin to melt into aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid flows into the ash frying machine, the aluminum liquid is separated under the stirring action of the automatic stirrer in the ash frying machine, light waste aluminum ash enters the ash cooling machine from the upper part of the ash frying machine, the aluminum liquid flows out from the lower part and enters an aluminum ingot mold, an aluminum ingot is smelted in the mold, and a trolley or a forklift is transported to a finished product warehouse after the aluminum ingot is cooled. Aluminum ash in the ash cooling machine enters the ton packaging bags after being cooled by intermittent water cooling, and then is conveyed to a feed inlet of a separation workshop through a forklift to enter a process system. The smelting workshop melting crucible adopts natural gas as a heat source, adopts a low-nitrogen combustion technology for controlling the generation of NOX and cleaning fuel, and the NOX reduction rate is about 30 percent.

Waste gas (G5) generated by natural gas combustion, a melting crucible collected by the gas-collecting hood, dust-containing waste gas (G4) generated by stirring of a dust-frying machine and the process of pouring aluminum water into an ingot mold are treated by a bag-type dust remover and then are converged into a 15m high exhaust funnel to be discharged.

Gas-collecting hoods are arranged above the melting crucible, the ash frying machine and the ash cooling machine, the efficiency of the gas-collecting hoods is 90%, generated escape gas is mainly a small amount of dust which is not collected by the gas-collecting hoods at the upper parts, and the dust which is not collected by the gas-collecting hoods forms unorganized emission.

The ash frying machine is separated according to the difference of the physical properties and specific gravity of solid-phase objects and liquid-phase objects. The hot ash discharged from the furnace contains a certain proportion of metallic aluminum, the metallic aluminum is added into the separator, the height-adjustable stirring device is arranged in the separator, the metallic aluminum mixed by stirring gradually sinks to the bottom of the container to form a molten pool, the ash is remained on the upper part of the molten pool, the aluminum ash is discharged from an ash discharge hole on the upper part of the container under the action of stirring, and the aluminum liquid is discharged from a discharge hole on the bottom of the container to be directly cast into aluminum ingots. Because the aluminum is oxidized in combustion to form smoke to pollute the environment in the stirring process, the smoke exhaust device is arranged on the upper part of the ash frying machine, and the smoke is treated by the bag-type dust remover and is exhausted outside under the action of the rear-section fan.

The smelting workshop is provided with 3 production lines (dual-purpose one is equipped with), and every line in the project smelting workshop is provided with 1 set of bag-type dust remover, sets up 3 sets of bag-type dust removers altogether, and the dusty waste gas that three production lines produced is collected the bag-type dust remover respectively through the mode of gas collecting channel + equipment pipeline and is handled, concentrates after handling and converge to a high aiutage of 15m and discharges. Dust collected by each bag-type dust collector in the smelting workshop is not stacked, is not temporarily stored and directly enters the separation process for recycling, and is not discharged outside.

Process flow of the three-step calcination process system and analysis of production and pollution nodes

The feeding and discharging at the tail of the rotary kiln are all continuous processes. The sorted aluminum ash and purchased limestone powder respectively enter an aluminum ash storage tank and a limestone powder storage tank through a hoister for storage, the aluminum content is about 3%, the fineness is below 120 meshes, and the limestone powder is about 120 meshes. A single-machine pulse type dust collector is arranged above each aluminum ash storage tank to treat dust and waste gas (G6) discharged from the aluminum ash storage tanks, the treated dust and waste gas are discharged, and the height of an exhaust funnel is about 15 m; a single pulse type dust collector is arranged above each limestone storage tank to treat dust waste gas (G7) discharged from the limestone storage tanks, and the treated dust waste gas is discharged, wherein the height of the exhaust funnel is about 15 m.

After the aluminum ash storage tank and the limestone powder storage tank are respectively metered at the bottom of the storage tank, the aluminum ash in the aluminum ash storage tank is added into a homogenizing silo through a hoister, mixed with limestone powder from a limestone storage tank, enters an air chute, enters the homogenizing silo, is hoisted to a cyclone preheater through a feeding hoister to exchange heat with tail gas of the rotary kiln, and the mixture of the aluminum ash and the limestone after secondary cyclone preheating heat exchange directly enters the rotary kiln to react. The dust-containing waste gas (G8) of the homogenizing silo is treated by a pulse dust collector and then discharged, and the height of the exhaust funnel is about 15 m. The rotary kiln uses natural gas as fuel and adopts a mode of direct heat supply of natural gas for heating. The natural gas combustion waste gas and the rotary kiln tail flue gas (G9) are treated by adopting the measures of SNCR denitration and high-temperature cloth bag pulse dust collector and then are discharged through 1 high exhaust funnel with 26 meters.

The rotary kiln has a rotating function and an inclination, products in the kiln are continuously pushed forward along with the rotation of the kiln and automatically enter a grate cooler connected with a kiln head for cooling, and the cooling adopts a fan for blowing. And (3) cooling a product refining agent (main component calcium aluminate) generated by calcining treatment of the rotary kiln through the grate cooler, conveying the product refining agent to a finished product storage tank through a connecting plate conveyor connected with the kiln head, buffering, feeding, packaging into a packaging machine, packaging into ton bags, and conveying to a finished product warehouse for storage through a forklift. Meanwhile, fluorine reacts with calcium carbonate to generate calcium fluoride, and the fluorine is solidified under the action of calcium, so that the characteristic of dangerous waste of aluminum ash and aluminum slag is eliminated.

The dust-containing waste gas (G10) cooled at the kiln head of the rotary kiln is treated by a high-temperature-resistant bag dust collector and then is discharged by 1 high exhaust funnel with the height of 15 meters; a single-machine pulse dust collector is arranged above each finished product storage tank to treat dust and waste gas (G10) discharged from the finished product storage tanks, the treated dust and waste gas is discharged, and the height of an exhaust funnel is about 15 m; dust-containing waste gas (G11) is generated in the packaging process and is discharged through the treatment of a bag-type dust remover, and the height of an exhaust funnel is about 15 m.

The calcination system is provided with 1 production line in total. The dust collected by each bag-type dust collector of the project is completely recycled, and directly enters each calcining process device without being stacked or temporarily stored, and finally enters a product refining agent.

The phase of the product refining agent is detected by adopting an X-ray diffraction method, the quality of the product of the refining agent is in accordance with the standard of 'premelting calcium aluminate for steelmaking' (YB/T4265-2011), the sampling points of the detected refining agent are located in a finished product warehouse, the same number group is a batch, and the weight of each batch is not more than 60T. And storing the refining agent qualified through detection in a finished product warehouse, temporarily storing the refining agent unqualified through detection in the finished product warehouse, returning the refining agent to the kiln for reuse when the rotary kiln is opened next time, enabling the unqualified product to enter the rotary kiln system through a kiln elevator, calculating the unqualified product returned to the kiln again according to the detection result and the material balance, and reasonably allocating the feeding amount of the raw materials of the aluminum ash and the limestone to reach the standard of the qualified product.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not necessarily depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. Calcination type refining slag rotary kiln, its characterized in that: the band-type brake comprises a frame, a cylinder, a wheel belt, a riding wheel, a driving mechanism and a band-type brake mechanism; the tug wheels are uniformly arranged on the frame, the wheel belts are fixedly connected to the outer side of the cylinder body, and the wheel belts are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the cylinder body; the two ends of the frame are respectively provided with a kiln tail smoke chamber and a kiln head cover, the kiln tail smoke chamber is higher than the kiln head cover, and the two ends of the cylinder body are rotationally connected with the kiln tail smoke chamber and the kiln head cover; the wheel belt is arranged on the tug and is in rolling connection with the tug; the driving mechanism comprises an outer gear ring which is fixedly connected to the front side of the cylinder body, and the outer gear ring is arranged between the wheel belts at the rear side of the cylinder body; the band-type brake mechanism comprises a ring pad which is fixedly connected on the cylinder body, and the ring pad is arranged between the front side wheel belts of the cylinder body.

2. The rotary kiln for calcination-type refining slag according to claim 1, wherein: the band-type brake mechanism also comprises two band-type brake units which are symmetrically arranged; the band-type brake unit comprises a bottom plate, a guide cylinder, a support column, a hydraulic oil cylinder and an arc-shaped plate; the bottom plate is sequentially provided with a supporting plate and a baffle plate from inside to outside; a circular hole is formed in the upper part of the supporting plate, the guide cylinder is fixedly connected in the circular hole, the supporting column is arranged in the guide cylinder, the outer end of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a pressing plate, and the inner end of the supporting column is hinged with the arc-shaped plate; the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper part of the baffle, and a piston of the hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with the pressing plate through a bolt; the arc plate is fixedly connected with a flashboard, the outer side of the ring pad is fixedly connected with a wear-resisting ring, and the flashboard can abut against the wear-resisting ring.

3. The rotary kiln for calcination-type refining slag according to claim 2, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a main motor, an auxiliary transmission motor with a speed reducer, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor; a gear is arranged on the rack at the bottom of the outer gear ring and is meshed with the outer gear ring; the main motor and the auxiliary transmission motor are fixedly connected to the frames on the front side and the rear side of the hydraulic pump, the main motor and the auxiliary transmission motor can respectively drive the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic motor through a pressure pipeline, and the hydraulic motor drives the gear.

4. The rotary kiln for calcination-type refining slag according to claim 3, wherein: the left end of the guide cylinder and the right part of the guide cylinder are respectively provided with a flange A and a flange B; the flange A is connected with the pressing plate through bolts, and the flange B is connected with the supporting plate through bolts.

5. The rotary kiln for calcination-type refining slag according to claim 4, wherein: two round holes are formed in the upper portion of the supporting plate, and the two guide cylinders are arranged in the round holes.

6. The rotary kiln for calcination-type refining slag as defined in claim 5, wherein: bases are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the arc-shaped plate, and the inner ends of the support columns are hinged to the bases; the flashboard is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the inner side of the flashboard is the same as that of the outer circumference of the wear-resistant ring.

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