CN216947232U - Separate power supply type hydrogen enriching, purifying and pressurizing electrochemical hydrogen pump system - Google Patents
Separate power supply type hydrogen enriching, purifying and pressurizing electrochemical hydrogen pump system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216947232U CN216947232U CN202121483454.0U CN202121483454U CN216947232U CN 216947232 U CN216947232 U CN 216947232U CN 202121483454 U CN202121483454 U CN 202121483454U CN 216947232 U CN216947232 U CN 216947232U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a separated power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system, which relates to the technical field of hydrogen transportation, purification and pressurization treatment in the hydrogen energy utilization technology. When the power supply unit is in the face of abnormal conditions, the power supply unit can adjust the gas pressure difference on two sides of the membrane electrode assembly, so that the operation reliability and the working efficiency of the electrochemical hydrogen pump system are improved. The application can also solve the problems of enrichment, separation, purification and pressurization from low concentration to high purity in the process of mixing hydrogen with small concentration in gas, natural gas and other pipeline gas supply systems.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen transportation, purification and pressurization treatment in a hydrogen energy utilization technology, in particular to a separated power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system.
Background
In recent years, various fuel cells using hydrogen as a fuel have been increasingly popularized and popularized. In the field of vehicle technology, in particular, the construction of various infrastructure associated with fuel cells has been proposed. The electrochemical hydrogen pump system is considered as a feasible substitute for the compressor due to the advantages of high boosting efficiency, small volume and low noise.
Among them, a conventional electrochemical hydrogen pump system is generally configured by a plurality of reaction cells with membrane electrode assemblies, wherein the membrane electrode assemblies in the respective reaction cells are connected in series between an anode and a cathode of one power supply cell, and a voltage is applied thereto.
In the above-described solution, since the voltage is supplied to the membrane electrode assemblies in the respective reaction units by the same power supply unit, it is difficult to adjust the voltage value between the anode layer and the cathode layer of each membrane electrode assembly. An abnormal situation in which the gas pressure difference is too large or too small easily occurs on both sides of a part of the membrane electrode assembly in the electrochemical hydrogen pump system.
In addition, the existing related electrochemical hydrogen pump can only be input with low-pressure hydrogen with a certain concentration, and is difficult to be directly applied to the application scene that a large amount of miscellaneous gases such as natural gas, coal gas and the like are mixed in the hydrogen.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application provides a separation power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system, which can effectively solve the abnormal situation that the gas pressure difference is too large or the gas pressure difference is too small on two sides of a part of membrane electrode assembly in the system.
The application provides a separation power supply formula hydrogen enrichment purification pressurization electrochemistry hydrogen pump system includes:
the reaction unit comprises a membrane electrode assembly, the membrane electrode assembly comprises an anode layer, a proton exchange membrane and a cathode layer which are sequentially connected, and the reaction unit is provided with a hydrogen inlet for supplying hydrogen to the anode layer and a hydrogen outlet for discharging hydrogen from the cathode layer; the number of the reaction units is multiple, and the reaction units are connected in series and/or in parallel;
and a plurality of power supply units, the number of the power supply units corresponding to the number of the reaction units, the plurality of power supply units applying voltages between the anode layer and the cathode layer in the corresponding reaction units, respectively, and the power supply units being configured to be capable of adjusting the magnitude of the voltages applied between the anode layer and the cathode layer.
In some embodiments of the present application, the system comprises:
the sensor is used for detecting the induction parameters of the anode layer and the cathode layer in each reaction unit;
the controller is connected with the sensor and the power supply unit, and is used for controlling the power supply unit to adjust the voltage applied to the reaction unit according to the induction parameters of the anode layer and the cathode layer in the same reaction unit.
The sensor and the controller can realize automatic control on each reaction unit, so that the power supply unit can automatically adjust the applied voltage.
In some embodiments of the present application, the reaction unit includes a plurality of pressurizing units, the hydrogen inlet of the pressurizing unit is a pressurizing inlet, the hydrogen outlet of the pressurizing unit is a pressurizing outlet, and the plurality of pressurizing units are connected in series.
In some embodiments of the present application, the membrane electrode assembly in the pressurizing unit is a first membrane electrode assembly including a first anode layer, a first proton exchange membrane, and a first cathode layer connected in this order.
In some embodiments of the present application, the pressurizing unit includes an anode separator connected to the first anode layer, a cathode separator connected to the first cathode layer, the pressurizing inlet is disposed on the anode separator, and the pressurizing outlet is disposed on the cathode separator.
In some embodiments of the present application, the anode separator and the cathode separator are configured to be electrically conductive, the power supply unit applies a voltage between the first anode layer and the first cathode layer through the anode separator and the cathode separator, and a groove for flowing a coolant is provided in the separator to dissipate heat and stabilize a reaction zone temperature of the electrochemical hydrogen pump.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the pressurizing units is sequentially stacked, and a separator insulating layer is disposed between the anode separator and the cathode separator of two adjacent pressurizing units.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first membrane electrode assembly includes a first anode diffusion layer, a first anode catalyst layer, a first proton exchange membrane, a first cathode catalyst layer, and a first cathode diffusion layer stacked in this order;
wherein the first anode diffusion layer and the first anode catalytic layer constitute the first anode layer, and the first cathode catalytic layer and the first cathode diffusion layer constitute the first cathode layer.
In some embodiments of the present application, the reaction unit includes a plurality of purification units, the hydrogen inlet of the purification unit is a purification inlet, the hydrogen outlet of the purification unit is a purification outlet, a plurality of the purification units are arranged in parallel, and the purification inlets of the purification units are configured to be capable of receiving hydrogen independently from each other;
wherein the purification outlet communicates with the pressurizing inlet of the pressurizing unit at the foremost side in the hydrogen gas conveying direction.
After the arrangement, the whole purifying device can generate purified hydrogen with larger amount, thereby being effectively suitable for occasions with higher impurity content of the hydrogen input by the whole system, and generating high-pressure and high-purity hydrogen which meets the use conditions after enriching and separating the hydrogen.
In some embodiments of the present application, the membrane electrode assembly in the purification unit is a second membrane electrode assembly including a second anode layer, a second proton exchange membrane, and a second cathode layer connected in this order.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the present application mainly improves the arrangement of power supply units in an electrochemical hydrogen pump system, and specifically, in the present application, the number of power supply units corresponds to the number of reaction units, a plurality of power supply units apply voltages between an anode layer and a cathode layer in the corresponding reaction units, respectively, and the power supply units are configured to be able to adjust the magnitude of the voltages applied between the anode layer and the cathode layer. When the abnormal condition that the pressure is too large or too small occurs on the two sides of the part of the membrane electrode assembly, the power supply unit can adjust the gas pressure difference on the two sides of the membrane electrode assembly by adjusting the applied voltage, so that the operation reliability and the working efficiency of the electrochemical hydrogen pump system are improved.
(2) The application effectively solves the technical problems of enrichment, separation, purification and pressurization of low or micro-concentration hydrogen mixed in gas supply systems of pipelines such as coal gas, natural gas and the like for the structural configuration of the purification unit and the pressurization unit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a separate power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first membrane electrode assembly provided in an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressurizing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second membrane electrode assembly provided in an embodiment of the utility model.
Description of the reference numerals:
100-pressurized cell, 110-first membrane electrode assembly, 111-first proton exchange membrane, 112-first anode layer, 113-first cathode layer, 114-first anode catalytic layer, 115-first anode diffusion layer, 116-first cathode catalytic layer, 117-first cathode diffusion layer, 120-anode separator, 121-pressurized inlet, 130-cathode separator, 131-pressurized outlet;
300-an insulator;
410-a first endplate, 420-a second endplate;
500-a separator insulating layer;
600-purification unit, 610-second membrane electrode assembly, 621-second proton exchange membrane, 612-second anode layer, 613-second cathode layer, 614-second anode catalytic layer, 615-second anode diffusion layer, 616-second cathode catalytic layer, 617-second cathode diffusion layer;
700-power supply unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or including indicating a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the utility model. In the following description, details are set forth for the purpose of explanation. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not set forth in detail in order to avoid obscuring the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a separate power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system, which in the present embodiment includes:
the reaction unit comprises a membrane electrode assembly, the membrane electrode assembly comprises an anode layer, a proton exchange membrane and a cathode layer which are sequentially connected, and the reaction unit is provided with a hydrogen inlet for supplying hydrogen to the anode layer and a hydrogen outlet for discharging hydrogen from the cathode layer; the number of the reaction units is multiple, and the reaction units are connected in series and/or in parallel;
a power supply unit 700, the number of the power supply units 700 corresponding to the number of the reaction units, the plurality of power supply units 700 applying voltages between the anode layer and the cathode layer in the corresponding reaction units, respectively, and the power supply unit 700 being configured to adjust the magnitude of the voltages applied between the anode layer and the cathode layer.
The reaction unit may be a complete device or a modular unit structure, and the membrane electrode assembly in the reaction unit mainly performs separation, purification and pressurization operations on the hydrogen gas containing impurity gas or low-pressure hydrogen gas under the action of the power supply unit 700. The membrane electrode assembly is mainly used for realizing pressurization and purification of hydrogen, can convert low-concentration hydrogen into high-concentration hydrogen under the condition of applying voltage, and comprises a proton exchange membrane and a bipolar plate. The power supply unit 700 mainly supplies the bipolar plates with a voltage required for the operation of the membrane electrode assembly.
The reaction principle of the reaction unit will be briefly described below:
when the reaction cell is used, a voltage is applied to the anode layer and the cathode layer of the membrane electrode assembly by the power supply unit 700. Meanwhile, the anode layer is supplied with hydrogen containing a miscellaneous gas or low pressure through a hydrogen inlet. Then, as shown in the following formula, in the anode layer, hydrogen is dissociated into protons and electrons by the catalyst.
H2→2H++2e-
The protons dissociated in the anode layer pass through the interface between the electrode and the proton exchange membrane under the action of water molecules, are conducted in the proton exchange membrane, and then pass through the proton exchange membrane to finally reach the cathode layer. At this time, the protons undergo a reduction reaction in the cathode layer as shown in the following formula to generate hydrogen, and impurity gas molecules are blocked at the other side of the proton exchange membrane, so that hydrogen enrichment, separation, purification and pressurization of the mixed inlet gas are realized, and the mixed inlet gas is discharged from a hydrogen outlet.
2H++2e-→H2
Meanwhile, the difference in gas pressure between the cathode layer and the anode layer in the membrane electrode assembly and the voltage applied between the cathode layer and the anode layer have a relationship as shown in the following formula.
ENernst＝(RT/2F)ln(Pc/Pa)+ir
Wherein, ENernstFor a voltage (V) applied between the anode and cathode layers, R is a gas constant, T is a temperature (K) within the hydrogen pump, F is a Faraday constant, PaDenotes the anode layer pressure (Pa), PcThe cathode-layer-side pressure (Pa) is shown, i is the current (a), and r is the total cell resistance (Ω). That is, the power supply can adjust the difference in hydrogen gas pressure between both sides of the membrane electrode assembly by adjusting the voltage applied thereto, when the temperature, current, and total resistance are constant.
In the present embodiment, since the number of the power supply units 700 is the same as the number of the reaction units, and each power supply unit 700 independently supplies power to the reaction unit, when an abnormal situation occurs in which the gas pressure difference between both sides of the membrane electrode assembly is too large or too small in an individual reaction unit, the power supply unit 700 can adjust the applied voltage thereof in a targeted manner to adjust the gas pressure difference between both sides of the membrane electrode assembly in the abnormal situation, thereby improving the operation reliability and the working efficiency of the hydrogen electrochemical hydrogen pump system.
It can be understood that the power supply unit 700 is mainly used for providing a voltage to the reaction unit so as to generate a potential difference between the anode layer and the cathode layer in the reaction unit, in this embodiment, the power supply unit 700 specifically uses a dc power supply, an anode terminal of the dc power supply is used for electrically connecting with the anode layer, and a cathode terminal of the dc power supply is used for connecting with the cathode layer. The dc power supply may be any dc power supply. In an in-vehicle application scenario, the dc power supply may be configured as the same component as the in-vehicle power supply, or may be configured as a different component from the in-vehicle power supply.
More specifically, in this embodiment, the system includes:
a pressure sensor for detecting gas pressures of the anode layer and the cathode layer in each of the reaction cells;
a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the reaction zone in each of the reaction units;
a humidity sensor for detecting the humidity of the gas in each reaction unit;
and a controller connected to the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the humidity sensor, the controller being connected to the power supply unit 700, and the controller being configured to control the power supply unit 700 to adjust the voltage applied between the anode layer and the cathode layer in the reaction unit according to the gas pressure difference, the humidity, and the temperature of the reaction area between the anode layer and the cathode layer in the reaction unit.
The pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the controller can automatically control each reaction unit, so that the power supply unit 700 can automatically adjust the applied voltage. For example, when the value of the gas pressure difference fed back by the pressure sensor is greater than the first threshold, the controller controls the power supply unit 700 to decrease the voltage applied by the power supply unit 700. When the value of the gas pressure difference fed back by the pressure sensor is smaller than the second threshold, the controller controls the power supply unit 700 to increase the voltage applied by the power supply unit 700.
It is understood that the pressure sensor may be present independently of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, for example, in another embodiment, only a pressure sensor is provided for detecting the gas pressure of the anode layer and the cathode layer in each of the reaction units, and in this embodiment, the sensing parameters are the gas pressure in the anode layer and the gas pressure in the cathode layer.
In another embodiment, the pressure sensor is replaced by a hydrogen sensor, and the controller is used for adjusting the voltage applied by each power supply unit 700 to the anode layer and the cathode layer in the reaction unit and the state of the solenoid valve in the system according to the hydrogen concentration difference between the anode layer and the cathode layer in the reaction unit fed back by the hydrogen sensor. The hydrogen concentration difference can represent the gas pressure difference on two sides of the membrane electrode assembly and the hydrogen purity state, so that the effects of enriching, separating, purifying and pressurizing signal feedback and improving the operation reliability and the working efficiency of the electrochemical hydrogen pump system are achieved.
For another example, in another embodiment, the pressure sensor described above is replaced with a sensor for detecting the concentration or content of the impurity gas, so that the controller controls the applied voltage of the power supply unit 700. Similar to the control based on the hydrogen concentration difference, the impurity gas concentration can also represent the gas pressure difference between the two sides of the membrane electrode assembly, and can also represent the hydrogen purity state.
In summary, the implementing personnel can use any one of the gas pressure value, the hydrogen concentration value or the impurity gas concentration value as the sensing parameter, and use the sensing parameter as the control basis of the power supply unit 700, so as to achieve and improve the purpose of the whole system function and stability.
With respect to the above controllers, the controller may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose controller, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, etc.
Among the related art solutions, the electrochemical hydrogen pump system is implemented mainly for the purpose of pressurizing hydrogen gas. This is because the membrane electrode assembly has a low purification efficiency for hydrogen. In this embodiment, the electrochemical hydrogen pump system includes a pressurizing device and a purifying device. The pressurizing device is mainly used for pressurizing low-pressure hydrogen, the purifying device is mainly used for separating, enriching and purifying low-content hydrogen, and the pressurizing device and the purifying device work cooperatively to realize the purification, separation, enrichment and pressurization of hydrogen.
The specific configurations and materials of the pressurizing device and the purifying device will be described below.
Regarding the pressurizing device, in the present embodiment, the reaction unit includes a plurality of pressurizing units 100, the hydrogen inlet of the pressurizing unit 100 is a pressurizing inlet 121, the hydrogen outlet of the pressurizing unit 100 is a pressurizing outlet 131, and the plurality of pressurizing units 100 are connected in series to constitute the pressurizing device. Each pressurizing unit 100 can continuously and gradually pressurize the hydrogen, so that the pressure of the pressurized hydrogen is increased, and the hydrogen meeting the use conditions is finally obtained. This portion of the hydrogen can be stored directly in a storage vessel, such as a storage tank, and used directly when hydrogen is needed.
As for the pressurizing unit 100, in the present embodiment, the membrane electrode assembly in the pressurizing unit 100 is a first membrane electrode assembly 110, and the first membrane electrode assembly 110 includes a first anode layer 112, a first proton exchange membrane 111, and a first cathode layer 113, which are connected in this order. The first anode layer 112 constitutes the anode layer, and the first cathode layer 113 constitutes the cathode layer. More specifically, referring to fig. 2, the first membrane electrode assembly 110 includes a first anode diffusion layer 115, a first anode catalyst layer 114, a first proton exchange membrane 111, a first cathode catalyst layer 116, and a first cathode diffusion layer 117, which are sequentially connected and form a stacked structure; as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art: the first anode diffusion layer 115 and the first anode catalytic layer 114 constitute the first anode layer 112, and the first cathode catalytic layer 116 and the first cathode diffusion layer 117 constitute the first cathode layer 113.
The first proton exchange membrane 111 is mainly used for realizing proton conduction, and may be a fluorine polymer electrolyte membrane or a hydrocarbon polymer electrolyte membrane, which is not limited in the present disclosure. The first anode diffusion layer 115 and the first cathode diffusion layer 117 mainly provide hydrogen diffusion and flow, and function as electrical conduction and physical support. In the present embodiment, the first anode diffusion layer 115 is mainly composed of a sintered titanium powder. The practitioner may also use a fiber sintered body of another metal material as the base material of the first anode diffusion layer 115. As for the first cathode diffusion layer 117, the carbon fiber material used in the present embodiment can be selected as the base material of the first cathode diffusion layer 117. The titanium powder sintered body is used as the first anode diffusion layer 115, the carbon fiber body 117 is used as the first cathode diffusion layer 117, the electric conduction and heat conduction performance of a membrane electrode combination body can be effectively guaranteed, the volume specific power and the mass specific power of the whole reaction unit are improved, and implementers can select the first anode diffusion layer 115 and the first cathode diffusion layer 117 made of other materials to ensure the mechanical performance and the electric conduction and heat conduction performance of the whole reaction unit.
In the present embodiment, the first anode catalytic layer 114 and the first cathode catalytic layer 116 mainly perform catalytic actions in hydrogen decomposition and synthesis electrochemical reactions, and include platinum for catalysis, but are not limited thereto. It should be noted that, those skilled in the art can select a suitable catalytic layer structure and a preparation method thereof from the prior art, and the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a carbon-based powder or a compound powder having conductivity can be used as a carrier of the catalyst. As the carbon-based powder, a powder of graphite, carbon black, activated carbon having conductivity, or the like can be used. As a method for carrying the platinum catalyst or the other metal catalyst on the carrier, a method using mutual mixing of powders or liquid phase mixing may be employed.
More specifically, referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the pressurizing unit 100 includes an anode separator 120 and a cathode separator 130, the anode separator 120 is connected to the first anode layer 112, the cathode separator 130 is connected to the first cathode layer 113, the pressurizing inlet 121 is disposed on the anode separator 120, and the pressurizing outlet 131 is disposed on the cathode separator 130. Meanwhile, the anode separator 120 and the cathode separator 130 are configured to be electrically conductive, that is, the anode separator 120 and the cathode separator 130 are conductor structures. The power supply unit 700 applies a voltage between the first anode layer 112 and the first cathode layer 113 through the anode separator 120 and the cathode separator 130. Specifically, the anode of the power supply unit 700 is connected to the anode separator 120, the cathode of the power supply unit 700 is connected to the cathode separator 130, the anode separator 120 conducts electricity to the first anode diffusion layer 115, and the cathode separator 130 conducts electricity to the first cathode diffusion layer 117, so as to apply voltage to two sides of the first proton exchange membrane 111. The power supply unit 700 may apply a voltage by using an anode plate and a cathode plate of a conventional electrochemical hydrogen pump, but is not limited thereto, and may be selected by an implementer according to his or her needs. For example, in another embodiment, the power supply unit 700 has a probe or a conductive plug for applying a voltage to the corresponding reaction unit.
In addition, in the same pressurizing unit 100, an insulator 300 is provided between the anode separator 120 and the cathode separator 130 thereof, for the anode separator 120 and the cathode separator 130 in the same pressurizing unit 100 to be electrically conductive with each other.
With regard to the pressurizing device, the voltage of each stage can be adjusted by the practitioner in a common ground manner, and referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, each pressurizing unit 100 is sequentially stacked, and a separator insulating layer 500 is disposed between the anode separator 120 and the cathode separator 130 of two adjacent pressurizing units 100. The separator insulating layer 500 is mainly used to insulate the anode separator 120 and the cathode separator 130 of two adjacent pressurizing units 100, and prevent the normal operation of the first membrane electrode assembly 110 from being affected by the conduction between the two separators. Regarding the material of the insulating layer 500 of the separator, the practitioner may specifically select it in consideration of the insulation performance, heat conduction, easy-to-process assembly performance, cost, and the like.
In addition, the pressing units 100 are stacked between the first end plate 410 and the second end plate 420 and clamped by the first end plate 410 and the second end plate 420, so that the respective pressing units 100 can constitute an integral pressing device. Regarding the clamping of the first end plate 410 and the second end plate 420, an implementer may adopt a pull rod sequentially penetrating through the first end plate 410, each pressurizing unit and the second end plate 420, two ends of the pull rod extend to the outer sides of the end plates at two sides, and a stopping part abutting against the end plates is formed on the part of the pull rod extending to the outer sides of the end plates. Wherein, adopt end plate and pull rod to fix each pressurization unit, can make the implementing personnel nimble adjust the pressurization unit 100 quantity of centre gripping between two end plates.
It should be noted that those skilled in the art have the ability to arrange the pressurizing units 100 as a whole in accordance with the specific shape of the pressurizing units 100. For example, in another embodiment, the pressurizing device includes a housing for housing each pressurizing unit 100. However, it is obvious that the housing for accommodating each pressurizing unit 100 may not allow the operator to flexibly adjust the number of pressurizing units 100 in the pressurizing device. For another example, in another embodiment, the application scenario requires that the pressurizing unit 100 has a high pressure resistance, the pressurizing device is provided with a self-locking envelope structure, and the pressurizing device is also provided with a disc spring, so that while the magnitude of the pressing force is ensured, the whole pressurizing device can also cope with the potential deformation risk of the structure, and the stability of the pressurizing device is more ideal.
Further, as for the purification apparatus, in the present embodiment, the reaction unit includes a plurality of purification units 600 constituting the purification apparatus, the hydrogen inlet of the purification unit 600 is a purification inlet, the hydrogen outlet of the purification unit 600 is a purification outlet, the plurality of purification units 600 are arranged in parallel, and the purification inlets of the purification units 600 are configured to be capable of receiving hydrogen independently from each other; wherein the purification outlet communicates with the pressurizing inlet 121 of the pressurizing unit 100 at the foremost side of the pressurizing means in the hydrogen gas conveying direction.
In the system, the purification device mainly carries out the prior purification treatment on the hydrogen before pressurization so as to obtain the hydrogen with higher purity. The purification unit specifically increases the purity of the hydrogen gas introduced into the pressurizing device by the second membrane electrode assembly 610. Because the purification units 600 are arranged in parallel, each purification inlet is independent of each other and receives the hydrogen containing miscellaneous gases, so that the whole purification device can generate purified hydrogen with larger amount, and the purification device is effectively suitable for occasions with higher impurity content of the hydrogen input by the whole system. Taking the system including the purification device provided in this embodiment as an example, the application scenarios of this embodiment are: small or micro concentrations (< 20%) of hydrogen gas are mixed in gas, natural gas, etc. pipeline gas supply systems. The system provided by the embodiment realizes enrichment, separation, purification and pressurization of hydrogen from low purity to high purity (99.999%).
Note that the first membrane electrode assembly 110 and the second membrane electrode assembly 610 described above are the same in principle with respect to the hydrogen gas treatment, and both can perform the purification and pressurization functions at the same time to some extent. Meanwhile, the purification units 600 in each purification apparatus receive the hydrogen gas containing the impurity gas independently of each other, and perform purification operation on the hydrogen gas containing the impurity gas simultaneously. A purification apparatus with a plurality of purification units 600 can generate a larger amount of purified hydrogen gas than a solution in which only a single purification unit 600 is provided.
In addition, the purification unit 600 and the pressurization unit 100 may use different types of bipolar plates, and the diffusion layer, the flow channel layer of the bipolar plate, and the sealing ring in each unit cooperate to form a passage for hydrogen gas conduction. The form of the flow channel includes but is not limited to: open anode (cathode) type, 3D variable cross-section flow field, wave type, snake type, etc.
In addition, the separate power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system shown in fig. 1 is only an illustration, and the implementation personnel can couple the purification device and the pressurization device into the same module and directly communicate with each other, or configure the two modules as mutually independent modules, and the purification device and the pressurization device communicate with each other through a hydrogen pipeline. The present disclosure is not particularly limited thereto.
As for the specific structure of the second membrane electrode assembly 610, referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the second membrane electrode assembly 610 includes:
a second proton exchange membrane 621;
a second anode catalytic layer 614 and a second cathode catalytic layer 616, wherein the second anode catalytic layer 614 and the second cathode catalytic layer 616 are respectively connected on two sides of the second proton exchange membrane 621;
a second anode diffusion layer 615 and a second cathode diffusion layer 617, wherein the second anode diffusion layer 615 is connected to a side of the second anode catalytic layer 614 facing away from the second proton exchange membrane 621, and the second cathode diffusion layer 617 is connected to a side of the second cathode catalytic layer 616 facing away from the second proton exchange membrane 621.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art: the second anode catalyst layer 614 and the second anode diffusion layer 615 constitute the second anode layer 612, and the second cathode catalyst layer 616 and the second cathode diffusion layer 617 constitute the second cathode layer 613. The second anode layer 612 is an anode layer of the second membrane electrode assembly 610, and the second cathode layer 613 is a cathode layer of the second membrane electrode assembly 610.
The specific material composition of the second membrane electrode assembly 610 may be selected to be the same as or different from that of the first membrane electrode assembly 110. For example, in the present embodiment, the second membrane electrode assembly 610 and the first membrane electrode assembly 110 are arranged in different patterns, and the second anode diffusion layer 615 and the second cathode layer 617 diffusion layer in the second membrane electrode assembly 610 are made of a metal fiber sintered body made of a titanium alloy.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the second anode diffusion layer 615 partially defines an outer contour of the purification unit 600, such that the second anode diffusion layer 615 constitutes the purification inlet. That is, in the present embodiment, the second anode diffusion layer 615 is configured in an open pattern, such that the efficiency of the hydrogen gas containing the impurity gas entering into the second anode diffusion layer 615 can be improved, and the purification efficiency of the whole purification apparatus can be improved.
The separated power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system provided by the embodiment can adjust the gas pressure difference at two sides of the membrane electrode assembly by adjusting the applied voltage of the power supply unit when the abnormal condition of overlarge or undersize pressure occurs at two sides of part of the membrane electrode assembly, so that the operation reliability and the working efficiency of the electrochemical hydrogen pump system are improved. In addition, the separated power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system provided by the embodiment also adopts the pressurization device of the purification device, and the whole purification device can generate a large amount of purified hydrogen, so that the system is effectively suitable for occasions with high impurity content of the hydrogen input by the whole system.
More specifically, in the present embodiment, the purification inlet of the purification unit 600 is provided with a filtering device to reduce the gas components in the outside, which have a toxic effect on the catalyst, to a very low level; meanwhile, the catalyst in each reaction unit contains anti-poisoning material components, so that the system is ensured to face CO and CO2、SOxAnd the electrochemical stability and durability of harmful substances.
The above detailed description of the separated power supply type hydrogen enrichment, purification and pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the specific examples applied herein illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A separate power supply type hydrogen enriching, purifying and pressurizing electrochemical hydrogen pump system is characterized by comprising:
the reaction unit comprises a membrane electrode assembly, the membrane electrode assembly comprises an anode layer, a proton exchange membrane and a cathode layer which are sequentially connected, and the reaction unit is provided with a hydrogen inlet for providing hydrogen for the anode layer and a hydrogen outlet for discharging the hydrogen for the cathode layer; the number of the reaction units is multiple, and the reaction units are connected in series and/or in parallel;
and a plurality of power supply units, the number of the power supply units corresponding to the number of the reaction units, the plurality of power supply units applying voltages between the anode layer and the cathode layer in the corresponding reaction units, respectively, and the power supply units being configured to be capable of adjusting the magnitude of the voltages applied between the anode layer and the cathode layer.
2. The split-powered hydrogen-enrichment-purification-pressurization-electrochemical hydrogen pump system of claim 1, comprising:
the sensor is used for detecting the induction parameters of the anode layer and the cathode layer in each reaction unit;
the controller is connected with the sensor and the power supply unit, and is used for controlling the power supply unit to adjust the voltage applied to the reaction unit according to the induction parameters of the anode layer and the cathode layer in the same reaction unit.
3. The split-powered hydrogen-enrichment-purification-pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system according to claim 1, wherein the reaction unit comprises a plurality of pressurization units, the hydrogen inlet of the pressurization unit is a pressurization inlet, the hydrogen outlet of the pressurization unit is a pressurization outlet, and a plurality of the pressurization units are connected in series.
4. The split-powered hydrogen-enrichment-purification-pressurization-electrochemical hydrogen pump system according to claim 3, wherein the membrane electrode assembly in the pressurization unit is a first membrane electrode assembly comprising a first anode layer, a first proton exchange membrane and a first cathode layer connected in sequence.
5. The split-powered hydrogen-enrichment-purification-pressurization-electrochemical hydrogen pump system according to claim 4, wherein the pressurization unit comprises an anode separator and a cathode separator, the anode separator is connected to the first anode layer, the cathode separator is connected to the first cathode layer, the pressurization inlet is provided on the anode separator, and the pressurization outlet is provided on the cathode separator.
6. The separately-powered hydrogen-enrichment-purification-pressurization-electrochemical hydrogen pump system according to claim 5, wherein the anode separator and the cathode separator are configured to be electrically conductive, the power supply unit applies a voltage between the first anode layer and the first cathode layer through the anode separator and the cathode separator, and grooves for flowing a cooling fluid are provided in the anode separator and the cathode separator.
7. The split-power hydrogen-enriching, purifying, pressurizing electrochemical hydrogen pump system of claim 6, wherein each pressurizing unit is stacked in turn, and a separator insulating layer is disposed between the anode separator and the cathode separator of two adjacent pressurizing units.
8. The split-power hydrogen-enriching, purifying and pressurizing electrochemical hydrogen pump system of claim 4, wherein the first membrane electrode assembly comprises a first anode diffusion layer, a first anode catalyst layer, a first proton exchange membrane, a first cathode catalyst layer and a first cathode diffusion layer, which are sequentially stacked;
wherein the first anode diffusion layer and the first anode catalytic layer constitute the first anode layer, and the first cathode catalytic layer and the first cathode diffusion layer constitute the first cathode layer.
9. The split-powered hydrogen-enrichment-purification-pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system according to claim 3, wherein the reaction unit comprises a plurality of purification units, the hydrogen inlet of the purification unit is a purification inlet, the hydrogen outlet of the purification unit is a purification outlet, a plurality of the purification units are arranged in parallel, and the purification inlets of the purification units are configured to receive hydrogen independently from each other;
wherein the purification outlet communicates with the pressurizing inlet of the pressurizing unit at the foremost side in the hydrogen gas conveying direction.
10. The split-powered hydrogen-enrichment-purification-pressurization electrochemical hydrogen pump system according to claim 9, wherein the membrane electrode assembly in the purification unit is a second membrane electrode assembly comprising a second anode layer, a second proton exchange membrane and a second cathode layer connected in sequence.
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