CN216942775U - Battery heating device and vehicle-mounted control system - Google Patents
Battery heating device and vehicle-mounted control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216942775U CN216942775U CN202123363175.3U CN202123363175U CN216942775U CN 216942775 U CN216942775 U CN 216942775U CN 202123363175 U CN202123363175 U CN 202123363175U CN 216942775 U CN216942775 U CN 216942775U
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The patent refers to the field of 'control or regulating systems and its monitoring or testing arrangements'. The charging and discharging module is connected with the battery and comprises an energy storage module, a boosting module, a first controlled switch and a second controlled switch; two ends of the energy storage module are respectively connected with the positive electrode of the battery and the connection points of the first switch and the second switch; the positive and negative input ends of the boosting module are respectively connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and the positive and negative output ends of the boosting module are respectively connected with the first end of the first switch and the second end of the second switch and are configured to boost the first voltage output by the battery to a second voltage and output the second voltage; the control module is configured to control the first switch and the second switch to be closed alternately so that alternating current flows through the battery and generates heat through the internal resistance of the battery; when the first switch is turned off and the second switch is turned off, the battery is charged for the energy storage module, and when the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off, the energy storage module is charged for the battery. The battery heating device provided by the invention can realize self-heating of the battery by charging and discharging the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to, but not limited to, the technical field of electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, and more particularly, to a battery heating device and a vehicle-mounted control system.
Background
As one of three core components of a new energy automobile, the performance of a power battery is directly related to the performance of the whole automobile. Compared with other types of batteries, the lithium battery has become the first choice battery of new energy automobiles and hybrid electric vehicles at present due to good electrical performance.
The performance of the lithium battery is greatly influenced by the environmental temperature, and the charge and discharge performance of the lithium battery is greatly reduced under the low-temperature condition, so that the problems of reduced power performance and reduced driving range of new energy automobiles and hybrid automobiles can occur in the low-temperature environment in winter.
To solve this problem, a battery heating system is generally designed in a low-temperature environment. At present, the mainstream scheme for heating the battery is to heat the battery by adopting liquid, namely heating water, and then heating the battery to 10-20 ℃ from the outside of the battery by using the heated hot water through a heat exchange assembly. For pure electric vehicles, PTC heating is often used for liquid heating, and for hybrid electric vehicles, PTC or hot water generated by an engine is often used for heating.
However, the scheme for heating the liquid outside has the problems of high energy consumption, low heating efficiency, poor heating consistency and the like, and also has the problems of complex structure, large volume, difficult arrangement, high cost and the like of a heating system.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a battery heating apparatus comprising: the charging and discharging module is connected with the control module; the charging and discharging module is connected with the battery and comprises an energy storage module, a boosting module, a first controlled switch and a second controlled switch;
the energy storage module comprises a first end and a second end, the first end of the energy storage module is connected with the anode of the battery, and the second end of the energy storage module is connected with the second end of the first controlled switch and the first end of the second controlled switch;
the boosting module comprises an input end and an output end, the positive end of the input end is connected with the positive electrode of a battery, the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the positive end of the output end is connected with the first end of a first controlled switch, the negative end of the output end is connected with the second end of a second controlled switch, and the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative end of the output end; the boosting module is configured to boost a first voltage output by the battery to a second voltage and output the boosted voltage;
the control module is connected with the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch and is configured to control the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch to be closed alternately so that alternating current flows through the battery and generates heat through the internal resistance of the battery; and when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the battery is charged for the energy storage module, and when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the energy storage module is charged for the battery.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides an onboard control system, comprising: a battery heating device.
The battery heating device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure comprises a control module and a charge-discharge module, wherein the charge-discharge module is connected with a battery and comprises an energy storage module, a boosting module, a first controlled switch and a second controlled switch, the boosting module boosts a first voltage output by the battery to a second voltage and outputs the second voltage, and the control module controls the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch to be alternately closed so that alternating current flows through the battery and is heated through internal resistance of the battery; when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the battery charges the energy storage module, and when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the positive end of the output end of the boosting module is connected with the second end of the energy storage module, so that the potential of the second end of the energy storage module is higher than the potential of the positive electrode of the battery, and the energy storage module can charge the battery. The first controlled switch and the second controlled switch are alternately closed to enable the battery and the energy storage module to be charged and discharged in a reciprocating mode, and the generated alternating current enables the internal resistance of the battery to generate heat, so that the effect of self-heating of the battery is achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the disclosed embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the examples serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a battery heating apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of another battery heating apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a boost circuit according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an onboard control system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another in-vehicle control system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another onboard control system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an onboard system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another in-vehicle system provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the embodiments may be implemented in a plurality of different forms. Those skilled in the art can readily appreciate the fact that the forms and details may be varied into a variety of forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to the contents described in the following embodiments. The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
In the drawings, the size of each component, the thickness of layers, or regions may be exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, one aspect of the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to the dimensions, and the shapes and sizes of the respective components in the drawings do not reflect a true scale. Further, the drawings schematically show ideal examples, and one embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the shapes, numerical values, and the like shown in the drawings.
The ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", "third", and the like in the present specification are provided for avoiding confusion among the constituent elements, and are not limited in number.
In this specification, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly unless otherwise specifically indicated and limited. For example, it may be a fixed connection, or a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; either directly or indirectly through intervening components, or both may be interconnected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood in specific instances by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In this specification, "electrically connected" includes a case where constituent elements are connected together by an element having some kind of electrical action. The "element having a certain electric function" is not particularly limited as long as it can transmit and receive an electric signal between connected components. Examples of the "element having some kind of electric function" include not only an electrode and a wiring but also a switching element such as a transistor, a resistor, an inductor, a capacitor, other elements having various functions, and the like.
The disclosed embodiment provides a battery heating device, includes: a control module 100 and a charge-discharge module 200; the charging and discharging module is connected with the battery and comprises an energy storage module 1, a boosting module 2, a first controlled switch 3 and a second controlled switch 4;
the energy storage module comprises a first end and a second end, the first end of the energy storage module is connected with the anode of the battery, and the second end of the energy storage module is connected with the second end of the first controlled switch and the first end of the second controlled switch;
the boosting module comprises an input end and an output end, the positive end of the input end is connected with the positive electrode of a battery, the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the positive end of the output end is connected with the first end of a first controlled switch, the negative end of the output end is connected with the second end of a second controlled switch, and the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative end of the output end; the boosting module is configured to boost a first voltage output by the battery to a second voltage and output the boosted voltage;
the control module is connected with the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch and is configured to control the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch to be closed alternately so that alternating current flows through the battery and generates heat through the internal resistance of the battery; and when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the battery charges the energy storage module, and when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the energy storage module charges the battery.
The battery heating device provided by the embodiment comprises a control module and a charge-discharge module, wherein the charge-discharge module is connected with a battery and comprises an energy storage module, a boosting module, a first controlled switch and a second controlled switch, the boosting module boosts a first voltage output by the battery to a second voltage and outputs the second voltage, and the control module controls the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch to be alternately closed so that alternating current flows through the battery and is heated through internal resistance of the battery; when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the battery charges the energy storage module, and when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the positive end of the output end of the boosting module is connected with the second end of the energy storage module, so that the potential of the second end of the energy storage module is higher than the potential of the positive electrode of the battery, and the energy storage module can charge the battery. The first controlled switch and the second controlled switch are alternately closed to enable the battery and the energy storage module to be charged and discharged in a reciprocating mode, and the generated alternating current enables the internal resistance of the battery to generate heat, so that the effect of self-heating of the battery is achieved.
In some exemplary embodiments, the battery includes, but is not limited to, a lithium battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, and the like.
In some exemplary embodiments, the first and second controlled switches include: and a power switch tube. For example, the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch may be IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar transistors). The first controlled switch and the second controlled switch may also be MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect transistors), or other power switching devices.
In some exemplary embodiments, the energy storage module includes: a capacitor; or a capacitor and an inductor in series.
In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the charge-discharge module further includes a switch module 9;
the control module is further configured to control the switch module to switch on or off the connection between the battery and the energy storage module.
In some exemplary embodiments, the control module is further configured to obtain a temperature value of a battery through a temperature sensor, and when the temperature value of the battery is lower than a first temperature threshold, the connection between the battery and the energy storage module is conducted; when the temperature value of the battery is higher than a second temperature threshold value, disconnecting the battery from the energy storage module; wherein the first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold.
In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the boosting module includes: the circuit comprises a first inductor L1, a first diode D1, a first switching tube M1 and a first capacitor C1;
the first end of the first inductor is used as the positive end of the input end of the boosting module, and the second end of the first inductor is connected with the anode of the first diode and the first end of the first switching tube; the negative electrode of the first diode is used as the positive end of the output end of the boosting module; the second end of the first switch tube is used as the negative end of the input end and the negative end of the output end of the boosting module; the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the second end of the first switch tube.
In some exemplary embodiments, the third terminal of the first switch tube is connected to the control module;
the control module is further configured to send a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal to the first switching tube. The control module can change the output voltage of the boosting module by adjusting the duty ratio of the PWM signal.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an in-vehicle control system, including: a battery heating device.
The vehicle-mounted control system provided by the embodiment comprises the battery heating device, and the self-heating effect of the battery can be achieved, so that the performance of the battery in a low-temperature environment is improved.
In some exemplary embodiments, the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch of the battery heating device are provided separately or multiplex power switches in existing on-board circuits on the vehicle. The first controlled switch and the second controlled switch are separately arranged, so that the battery heating function can be independently operated.
In some exemplary embodiments, when the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch of the battery heating device multiplex power switches in existing on-board circuits on the vehicle, the battery heating function and the original functions of the existing on-board circuits are operated in a time-sharing mode.
In some exemplary embodiments, the power switch in the existing on-board electrical circuit on the vehicle comprises any one of: the power control circuit comprises two power switches On any group of bridge arms in a motor driving circuit, two power switches On any group of bridge arms in a vehicle-mounted DC/DC circuit, two power switches On any group of bridge arms in a vehicle-mounted Charger (On-board Charger, OBC for short) circuit, and two power switches On any group of bridge arms in a vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller circuit.
In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the onboard control system further includes a three-phase motor drive circuit 300;
the battery heating apparatus includes: the energy storage module 1, the boost module 2, the two controlled switches and the control module;
the three-phase motor driving circuit comprises three groups of bridge arms and three-phase motor windings; the three sets of bridge arms include: the three-phase motor winding comprises a first bridge arm, a second bridge arm and a third bridge arm, wherein the three-phase motor winding comprises: a first motor winding E1, a second motor winding E2, and a third motor winding E3; the first bridge arm comprises a first controlled switch 31 and a second controlled switch 32, a first end of the first controlled switch is used as a first end of the first bridge arm, and a second end of the second controlled switch is used as a second end of the first bridge arm; the second bridge arm comprises a third controlled switch 33 and a fourth controlled switch 34, a first end of the third controlled switch is used as a first end of the second bridge arm, and a second end of the fourth controlled switch is used as a second end of the second bridge arm; the third bridge arm comprises a fifth controlled switch 35 and a sixth controlled switch 36, a first end of the fifth controlled switch is used as a first end of the third bridge arm, and a second end of the sixth controlled switch is used as a second end of the third bridge arm; the middle end of the first bridge arm is a connecting end of a second end of the first controlled switch and a first end of the second controlled switch, the middle end of the second bridge arm is a connecting end of a second end of the third controlled switch and a first end of the fourth controlled switch, and the middle end of the third bridge arm is a connecting end of a second end of the fifth controlled switch and a first end of the sixth controlled switch; the middle end of the first bridge arm is connected with the first end of a first motor winding, the middle end of the second bridge arm is connected with the first end of a second motor winding, and the middle end of the third bridge arm is connected with the first end of a third motor winding; a second end of the first motor winding, a second end of the second motor winding, and a second end of the third motor winding are connected together;
the two controlled switches of the battery heating device are multiplexed with the two controlled switches on any one set of bridge arms in three sets of bridge arms in the three-phase motor driving circuit;
the energy storage module comprises a first end and a second end, the first end of the energy storage module is connected with the anode of the battery, and the second end of the energy storage module is connected with the middle end of the first bridge arm;
the boost module comprises an input end and an output end, the positive end of the input end is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the positive end of the output end is connected with the first end of the first bridge arm, the first end of the second bridge arm and the first end of the third bridge arm, the negative end of the output end is connected with the second end of the first bridge arm, the second end of the second bridge arm and the second end of the third bridge arm, and the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative end of the output end; the boosting module is configured to boost a first voltage output by the battery to a second voltage and output the boosted voltage;
the control module (not shown in fig. 5) is connected with the control end of the first controlled switch, the control end of the second controlled switch, the control end of the third controlled switch, the control end of the fourth controlled switch, the control end of the fifth controlled switch and the control end of the sixth controlled switch; the control module is configured to control two controlled switches of any one of the three groups of bridge arms to be alternately closed and all the controlled switches of the other two groups of bridge arms to be opened so that alternating current flows through the battery and is heated through the internal resistance of the battery; when the first controlled switch is opened and the second controlled switch is closed, or the third controlled switch is opened and the fourth controlled switch is closed, or the fifth controlled switch is opened and the sixth controlled switch is closed, the battery is used for charging the energy storage module; and when the first controlled switch is closed and the second controlled switch is opened, or the third controlled switch is closed and the fourth controlled switch is opened, or the fifth controlled switch is closed and the sixth controlled switch is opened, the energy storage module is used for charging the battery.
According to the vehicle-mounted control system provided by the embodiment, the charging and discharging of the battery are controlled by utilizing any one of the three groups of controlled switches of the driving motor, two controlled switches which are specially added for heating the battery can be omitted, the size of a circuit is saved, and the cost is reduced.
In the above embodiment, when the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch are used to control charging and discharging of the battery, the third controlled switch, the fourth controlled switch, the fifth controlled switch and the sixth controlled switch are all turned off, when the first controlled switch is turned off and the second controlled switch is turned off, the battery discharges to the energy storage module through the closed second controlled switch, when the first controlled switch is turned on and the second controlled switch is turned off, because the positive terminal of the output terminal of the boost module and the second terminal of the energy storage module are connected, the potential of the second terminal of the energy storage module is higher than the potential of the positive electrode of the battery, and the energy storage module discharges to the battery through the closed first controlled switch.
In the above embodiment, when the third controlled switch and the fourth controlled switch are used to control charging and discharging of the battery, the first controlled switch, the second controlled switch, the fifth controlled switch and the sixth controlled switch are all turned off, when the third controlled switch is turned off and the fourth controlled switch is turned off, the battery discharges to the energy storage module through the first motor winding, the second motor winding and the closed fourth controlled switch, when the third controlled switch is turned on and the fourth controlled switch is turned off, since conduction is performed between the positive terminal of the output end of the boost module and the second terminal of the energy storage module, the potential of the second terminal of the energy storage module is higher than the potential of the positive electrode of the battery, and the energy storage module discharges to the battery through the closed third controlled switch, the second motor winding and the first motor winding.
In the above embodiment, when the fifth controlled switch and the sixth controlled switch are used to control charging and discharging of the battery, the first controlled switch, the second controlled switch, the third controlled switch and the fourth controlled switch are all turned off, when the fifth controlled switch is turned off and the sixth controlled switch is turned off, the battery discharges to the energy storage module through the first motor winding, the third motor winding and the closed sixth controlled switch, when the fifth controlled switch is turned on and the sixth controlled switch is turned off, since conduction is performed between the positive terminal of the output end of the boost module and the second terminal of the energy storage module, the potential of the second terminal of the energy storage module is higher than the potential of the positive electrode of the battery, and the energy storage module discharges to the battery through the closed fifth controlled switch, the third motor winding and the first motor winding.
In some exemplary embodiments, the first motor winding is any one of three-phase motor windings.
In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the battery heating apparatus further includes a switch module 9; the first end of the switch module is connected with the anode of the battery, and the second end of the switch module is connected with the first end of the energy storage module;
the control module is further configured to control the switch module to switch on or off the connection between the battery and the energy storage module.
In some exemplary embodiments, the on-board control system operates in a battery heating mode when the switch module is conductive; when the switch module is switched off, the vehicle-mounted control system works in a motor driving mode.
In some exemplary embodiments, when the switching module disconnects the battery from the energy storage module, the three sets of bridge arms are used for driving a three-phase motor; when the switch module is connected between the battery and the energy storage module, the three groups of bridge arms are used for charging and discharging the battery.
Fig. 7 shows an on-board system. As shown in fig. 7, the on-board system includes a battery pack, a motor controller, and three-phase motor windings. The battery pack comprises a battery and a battery management module, and the motor controller comprises a motor driving circuit and a motor control module. The battery management module and the motor control module are mounted on a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus of the whole vehicle and CAN communicate with other modules in the vehicle through the CAN bus. Switches K1 and K2 are arranged between the battery pack and the motor controller, K1 is connected with the positive pole of the battery, and K2 is connected with the negative pole of the battery. The motor controller comprises three groups of bridge arms (controlled switch groups) which are respectively connected with three groups of motor windings of three-phase motor windings, the 1 st group of bridge arms comprises power switches Q1 and Q2, the 2 nd group of bridge arms comprises power switches Q3 and Q4, and the 3 rd group of bridge arms comprises power switches Q5 and Q6. The middle end U of the 1 st bridge arm is connected with a first motor winding E1, the middle end V of the 2 nd bridge arm is connected with a second motor winding E2, and the middle end W of the 3 rd bridge arm is connected with a third motor winding E3. The power switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6 include three terminals, any one of the first terminal and the second terminal is a source, the other terminal is a drain, the third terminal is a base, and the base is a control terminal for receiving a control signal to control the power switches to be in an on or off state. The second end of the first motor winding, the second end of the second motor winding, and the second end of the third motor winding are connected together.
In order to add a battery heating device to an on-vehicle system, a Boost voltage Boost circuit may be added inside a motor controller of an existing vehicle, and a charge-discharge capacitor C (or a capacitor C + an inductor L (L is not shown)) and a switch K3 may be added, where the charge-discharge capacitor C also serves as an energy storage capacitor C.
In fig. 7, B is a battery pack, R is the internal resistance of the battery pack, K1 and K2 are high-voltage positive and negative switches, and K1 and K2 may adopt relays for connecting or disconnecting the high voltage of the battery to an external load. The battery management module can monitor battery information such as battery temperature, voltage, current, and control K1, K2 high-voltage relay break-make, if K3 is integrated in the battery package, K3 also can be controlled by the battery management module. The battery management module can communicate information with the outside. Depending on the installation location, the high-voltage relays K1, K2, K3 and the like may also be controlled by other external controllers, such as a motor controller, a vehicle controller and the like. In fig. 7, K3 is controlled by the motor controller. When K3 is closed, the vehicle-mounted system is operated in a battery heating mode, the vehicle is in a stop state, and the Boost circuit is used as a charging power supply of the battery. When K3 breaks, the vehicle-mounted system operates in the motor drive mode, and the vehicle can be in the driving state, and Boost voltage Boost circuit can improve motor drive's input voltage, under the same output, can reduce motor and line loss behind the adoption Boost voltage Boost circuit. In the battery heating mode, only one of the three bridge arms is used as a switch to control the charging and discharging switching of the battery.
As shown in fig. 7, the Boost circuit includes an inductor L1, power switches Q7 and Q8, a capacitor C2, and a filter capacitor C1. The first end of the inductor L1 is connected to the second end of the switch K1, the second end of the inductor L1 is connected to the second end of the power switch Q7 and the first end of the power switch Q8, and the two ends of the filter capacitor C1 are connected to the second end of the switch K1 and the second end of the switch K2, respectively. Power switches Q7 and Q8 are connected in series between the first and second terminals of capacitor C2. The two ends of the filter capacitor C1 are respectively used as the positive end and the negative end of the input end of the Boost circuit, the two ends of the capacitor C2 are respectively used as the positive end and the negative end of the output end of the Boost circuit, the first end of the capacitor C2 is used as the positive end of the output end of the Boost circuit, the second end of the capacitor C2 is used as the negative end of the output end of the Boost circuit, and the second end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery through the switch K2. The switch K3 is connected in series between the second end of the switch K1 and the first end of the energy storage capacitor C, and the second end of the energy storage capacitor C is connected with the middle end U of the first bridge arm group. When the boost function is realized, the power switch Q7 is in the off-working state, and the internal parallel diode is in action. The power switch Q8 is controlled by the control signal to operate in a switching state, and the control signal for adjusting Q8 can adjust the output voltage.
The motor control module has the functions of control, monitoring and communication. And in the battery heating mode, the on-off of a power switch device on a corresponding bridge arm is controlled, various parameters such as voltage, current, temperature and the like in the circuit are monitored, and relevant information and instructions are received and sent.
In fig. 7, the energy storage capacitor C is connected at the first set of leg intermediate ends U. In other embodiments, the energy storage capacitor C may also be connected to the middle ends (V or W) of the other two sets of legs.
In one embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end U of the 1 st bridge arm, the motor control module controls Q1 and Q2 of the 1 st bridge arm to be alternately turned on, and controls all power switching devices on the 2 nd bridge arm and the 3 rd bridge arm to be in an off-state and an off-state. When the battery discharges, the discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C and the power switch Q2; when the battery is charged, a charging current flows into the positive electrode of the battery through the power switch Q1 and the capacitor C. In another embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end U of the 1 st bridge arm, the motor control module controls Q3 and Q4 of the 2 nd bridge arm to be alternately turned on, and controls all power switching devices on the 1 st bridge arm and the 3 rd bridge arm to be in an off-state and an off-state. When the battery discharges, discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C, the first motor winding E1, the second motor winding E2 and the Q4; when the battery is charged, the charging current flows into the positive electrode of the battery through the Q3, the second motor winding E2, the first motor winding E1 and the capacitor C. In another embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end U of the 1 st bridge arm group, the motor control module controls Q5 and Q6 of the 3 rd bridge arm group to be alternately turned on, and controls all power switching devices on the 1 st bridge arm group and the 2 nd bridge arm group to be in an off-state and an off-state. When the battery discharges, discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C, the first motor winding E1, the third motor winding E3 and the Q6; when the battery is charged, the charging current flows into the positive pole of the battery through the Q5, the third motor winding E3, the first motor winding E1 and the capacitor C.
In one embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end V of the 2 nd bridge arm, the motor control module controls Q3 and Q4 of the 2 nd bridge arm to be alternately turned on, and controls all power switching devices on the 1 st bridge arm and the 3 rd bridge arm to be in an off-state and an off-state. When the battery discharges, the discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C and the power switch Q4; when the battery is charged, a charging current flows into the positive electrode of the battery through the power switch Q3 and the capacitor C. In another embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end V of the 2 nd bridge arm, the motor control module controls Q5 and Q6 of the 3 rd bridge arm to be alternately turned on, and controls the power switching devices on the 1 st bridge arm and the 2 nd bridge arm to be in an off-off state. When the battery discharges, discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C, the second motor winding E2, the third motor winding E3 and the Q6; when the battery is charged, the charging current flows into the positive pole of the battery through the Q5, the third motor winding E3, the second motor winding E2 and the capacitor C. In another embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end V of the 2 nd bridge arm group, the motor control module controls Q1 and Q2 of the 1 st bridge arm group to be alternately turned on, and controls all power switching devices on the 2 nd bridge arm group and the 3 rd bridge arm group to be in an off-state and an off-state. When the battery discharges, discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C, the second motor winding E2, the first motor winding E1 and the Q2; when the battery is charged, the charging current flows into the positive electrode of the battery through the Q1, the first motor winding E1, the second motor winding E2 and the capacitor C.
In one embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end W of the 3 rd bridge arm group, the motor control module controls Q5 and Q6 of the 3 rd bridge arm group to be alternately turned on, and controls all power switching devices on the 1 st bridge arm group and the 2 nd bridge arm group to be in an off-state and an off-state. When the battery discharges, the discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C and the power switch Q6; when the battery is charged, a charging current flows into the positive electrode of the battery through the power switch Q5 and the capacitor C. In another embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end W of the 3 rd group of bridge arms, the motor control module controls Q1 and Q2 of the 1 st group of bridge arm to be alternately turned on, and controls the power switching devices on the 2 nd group of bridge arm and the 3 rd group of bridge arms to be in an off-off state. When the battery discharges, discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C, the third motor winding E3, the first motor winding E1 and the Q2; when the battery is charged, the charging current flows into the positive electrode of the battery through the Q1, the first motor winding E1, the third motor winding E3 and the capacitor C. In another embodiment, when the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the middle end W of the 3 rd bridge arm group, the motor control module controls Q3 and Q4 of the 2 nd bridge arm group to be alternately turned on, and controls all the power switching devices on the 1 st bridge arm group and the 3 rd bridge arm group to be in an off-state and an off-state. When the battery discharges, discharging current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C, the third motor winding E3, the second motor winding E2 and the Q4; when the battery is charged, the charging current flows into the positive electrode of the battery through the Q3, the second motor winding E2, the third motor winding E3 and the capacitor C.
Under the low-temperature environment, when the battery management module detects that the temperature of the battery is low and the battery needs to be heated, a battery heating request signal is sent to the motor control module, the vehicle enters a battery heating mode at the moment, the high-voltage relays K1, K2 and K3 attract in sequence, and the vehicle is in a stop state. The motor control module receives a battery heating request, the motor controller enters a battery heating control mode, the Boost booster circuit starts to work, the motor control module monitors the Boost output voltage in real time, and the output voltage is controlled by controlling the on and off of the power switch tube Q8, so that the output voltage is kept in a safe and reasonable range. The motor control module controls a power switch device in the motor controller to be switched on and switched off alternately, alternating charge-discharge current flows through the capacitor C, the charge-discharge current flows through the interior of the battery, and the self-heating function of the battery is realized through the heat generated by the internal resistance of the battery.
In the process of heating the battery, the battery management module monitors information such as the temperature, the voltage, the current, the SOC (State of Charge), the charging and discharging current and the like of the battery in real time, and determines the stop and the start of heating according to the characteristics of the battery and the temperature rise target of the battery. The battery management module, the motor control module and the whole vehicle control module are communicated in real time through a CAN bus, and real-time dynamic regulation and control are carried out according to the temperature, the voltage, the current and the SOC of the battery and the charging voltage output by the Boost circuit so as to ensure the normal operation of the system. The battery management module and the motor control module perform real-time early warning and processing on the abnormal state and perform information interaction with the vehicle control module. When the heating temperature of the battery reaches the expected target, the heating mode is exited, the K3 is disconnected, and the whole vehicle can enter the running mode.
The Boost circuit, the capacitor C and the switch K3 can be integrated in a motor controller, or integrated in a battery pack, or respectively integrated in a battery and the motor controller, or integrated outside the battery pack and the motor controller.
FIG. 8 illustrates another in-vehicle system. The on-board system shown in fig. 8 differs from the on-board system shown in fig. 7 in that three sets of arms (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6) for motor drive are not used for battery heating control, and two power switches Q9 and Q10 are added exclusively for battery heating control. That is, the power switch for motor driving and the power switch for battery heating are independently provided, respectively. The BOOST circuit of the on-board system shown in fig. 8 is the same as the BOOST circuit of the on-board system shown in fig. 7.
When the switch K3 is closed, the on-board system can operate in both the battery heating mode and the motor drive mode. When the switch K3 is off, the on-board system exits the battery heating mode. In the in-vehicle system shown in fig. 8, the battery heating may be performed in a vehicle running state or in a vehicle stop state.
The motor control module controls the power switches Q9 and Q10 to be conducted alternately. When the battery discharges, the discharge current flows into the negative electrode of the battery through the capacitor C and the power switch Q10; when the battery is charged, a charging current flows into the positive electrode of the battery through the power switch Q9 and the capacitor C.
Although the embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art of the present disclosure that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and that the scope of the present disclosure is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A battery heating apparatus, comprising: the charging and discharging module is connected with the control module; the charging and discharging module is connected with the battery and comprises an energy storage module, a boosting module, a first controlled switch and a second controlled switch;
the energy storage module comprises a first end and a second end, the first end of the energy storage module is connected with the anode of the battery, and the second end of the energy storage module is connected with the second end of the first controlled switch and the first end of the second controlled switch;
the boosting module comprises an input end and an output end, the positive end of the input end is connected with the positive electrode of a battery, the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the positive end of the output end is connected with the first end of a first controlled switch, the negative end of the output end is connected with the second end of a second controlled switch, and the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative end of the output end; the boosting module is configured to boost a first voltage output by the battery to a second voltage and output the boosted voltage;
the control module is connected with the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch and is configured to control the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch to be closed alternately so that alternating current flows through the battery and generates heat through the internal resistance of the battery; and when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the battery is charged for the energy storage module, and when the first controlled switch is switched off and the second controlled switch is switched off, the energy storage module is charged for the battery.
2. The battery heating apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the charging and discharging module further comprises a switch module; the first end of the switch module is connected with the anode of the battery, and the second end of the switch module is connected with the first end of the energy storage module;
the control module is further configured to control the switch module to switch on or off the connection between the battery and the energy storage module.
3. The battery heating apparatus of claim 2, wherein:
the control module is further configured to acquire a temperature value of the battery through the temperature sensor, and when the temperature value of the battery is lower than a first temperature threshold value, the connection between the battery and the energy storage module is conducted; when the temperature value of the battery is higher than a second temperature threshold value, disconnecting the battery from the energy storage module; wherein the first temperature threshold is lower than the second temperature threshold.
4. The battery heating apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the energy storage module includes: a capacitor or a capacitor and an inductor in series.
5. The battery heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the boost module includes: the first inductor, the first diode, the first switch tube and the first capacitor;
the first end of the first inductor is used as the positive end of the input end of the boosting module, and the second end of the first inductor is connected with the anode of the first diode and the first end of the first switching tube; the negative electrode of the first diode is used as the positive end of the output end of the boosting module; the second end of the first switch tube is used as the negative end of the input end and the negative end of the output end of the boosting module; the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the second end of the first switch tube.
6. The battery heating apparatus of claim 5, wherein:
the third end of the first switch tube is connected with the control module;
the control module is further configured to send a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal to the first switching tube.
7. The battery heating apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the battery includes: lithium batteries or nickel-metal hydride batteries.
8. An in-vehicle control system, characterized by comprising: the battery heating apparatus of any of claims 1-7.
9. The in-vehicle control system according to claim 8, characterized in that:
the first controlled switch and the second controlled switch of the battery heating device are arranged independently, or the power switches in the existing vehicle-mounted circuit on the vehicle are multiplexed.
10. The in-vehicle control system according to claim 9, characterized in that:
the power switch in the existing vehicle-mounted circuit on the vehicle comprises any one of the following: the system comprises two power switches on any group of bridge arms in a motor driving circuit, two power switches on any group of bridge arms in a vehicle-mounted DC/DC circuit, two power switches on any group of bridge arms in an OBC circuit of a vehicle-mounted charger, and two power switches on any group of bridge arms in a vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller circuit.
11. The in-vehicle control system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that:
when a first controlled switch and a second controlled switch of the battery heating device are multiplexed with a power switch in an existing vehicle-mounted circuit on a vehicle, the battery heating function and the original function of the existing vehicle-mounted circuit run in a time-sharing mode.
12. The in-vehicle control system according to claim 9, characterized in that:
the vehicle-mounted control system also comprises a three-phase motor driving circuit;
the battery heating apparatus includes: the energy storage module, the boosting module, the two controlled switches and the control module;
the three-phase motor driving circuit comprises three groups of bridge arms and three-phase motor windings; the three sets of bridge arms include: first bridge arm, second bridge arm and third bridge arm, three-phase motor winding includes: a first motor winding, a second motor winding and a third motor winding; the first bridge arm comprises a first controlled switch and a second controlled switch, the first end of the first controlled switch is used as the first end of the first bridge arm, and the second end of the second controlled switch is used as the second end of the first bridge arm; the second bridge arm comprises a third controlled switch and a fourth controlled switch, the first end of the third controlled switch is used as the first end of the second bridge arm, and the second end of the fourth controlled switch is used as the second end of the second bridge arm; the third bridge arm comprises a fifth controlled switch and a sixth controlled switch, wherein the first end of the fifth controlled switch is used as the first end of the third bridge arm, and the second end of the sixth controlled switch is used as the second end of the third bridge arm; the middle end of the first bridge arm is a connecting end of a second end of the first controlled switch and a first end of the second controlled switch, the middle end of the second bridge arm is a connecting end of a second end of the third controlled switch and a first end of the fourth controlled switch, and the middle end of the third bridge arm is a connecting end of a second end of the fifth controlled switch and a first end of the sixth controlled switch; the middle end of the first bridge arm is connected with the first end of a first motor winding, the middle end of the second bridge arm is connected with the first end of a second motor winding, and the middle end of the third bridge arm is connected with the first end of a third motor winding; a second end of the first motor winding, a second end of the second motor winding, and a second end of the third motor winding are connected together;
the two controlled switches of the battery heating device are multiplexed with the two controlled switches on any one set of bridge arms in three sets of bridge arms in the three-phase motor driving circuit;
the energy storage module comprises a first end and a second end, the first end of the energy storage module is connected with the anode of the battery, and the second end of the energy storage module is connected with the middle end of the first bridge arm;
the boost module comprises an input end and an output end, the positive end of the input end is connected with the positive electrode of a battery, the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, the positive end of the output end is connected with the first end of the first bridge arm, the first end of the second bridge arm and the first end of the third bridge arm, the negative end of the output end is connected with the second end of the first bridge arm, the second end of the second bridge arm and the second end of the third bridge arm, and the negative end of the input end is connected with the negative end of the output end; the boosting module is configured to boost a first voltage output by the battery to a second voltage and output the boosted voltage;
the control module is connected with the control end of the first controlled switch, the control end of the second controlled switch, the control end of the third controlled switch, the control end of the fourth controlled switch, the control end of the fifth controlled switch and the control end of the sixth controlled switch; the control module is configured to control two controlled switches of any one of the three groups of bridge arms to be alternately closed and all the controlled switches of the other two groups of bridge arms to be opened so that alternating current flows through the battery and is heated through the internal resistance of the battery; when the first controlled switch is opened and the second controlled switch is closed, or the third controlled switch is opened and the fourth controlled switch is closed, or the fifth controlled switch is opened and the sixth controlled switch is closed, the battery is used for charging the energy storage module; and when the first controlled switch is closed and the second controlled switch is opened, or the third controlled switch is closed and the fourth controlled switch is opened, or the fifth controlled switch is closed and the sixth controlled switch is opened, the energy storage module is used for charging the battery.
13. The in-vehicle control system according to claim 12, characterized in that:
the first motor winding is any one phase motor winding in three-phase motor windings.
14. The in-vehicle control system according to claim 12, characterized in that:
the battery heating device further comprises a switch module; the first end of the switch module is connected with the anode of the battery, and the second end of the switch module is connected with the first end of the energy storage module;
the control module is further configured to control the switch module to switch on or off the connection between the battery and the energy storage module;
when the switch module disconnects the battery and the energy storage module, the three groups of bridge arms are used for driving the three-phase motor; when the switch module is connected between the battery and the energy storage module, the three groups of bridge arms are used for charging and discharging the battery.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115241576A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-10-25 | 中创新航科技股份有限公司 | Battery heating control method, battery heating control system and battery pack |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115241576A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-10-25 | 中创新航科技股份有限公司 | Battery heating control method, battery heating control system and battery pack |
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Effective date of registration: 20230315 Address after: 310051 No. 1760, Jiangling Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Binjiang District Patentee after: ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: ZHEJIANG GEELY POWER ASSEMBLY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 310051 No. 1760, Jiangling Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Binjiang District Patentee before: ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: NINGBO GEELY ROYAL ENGINE COMPONENTS Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Aurobay Technology Co.,Ltd. |