CN216938610U - Composite cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite cutter which comprises a cutter holder, wherein a flexible electrode used for softening a surface to be processed of a workpiece and a cutter used for cutting the softened surface to be processed are arranged on the cutter holder, a discharge surface is formed on one side of the flexible electrode opposite to the surface to be processed, the discharge surface can be deformed and self-adapted to the radian of the surface to be processed under the action of external force, the flexible electrode comprises a plurality of metal wires, one ends of the plurality of metal wires are connected, the other ends of the plurality of metal wires can swing relatively, and the discharge surface is formed at the swinging end of the metal wires. The flexible electrode is formed by a plurality of metal wires, one end of each metal wire is connected with the other end of each metal wire, the shape of the discharge surface of the flexible electrode can be corrected in time in the machining process of different technological parameters of the milling composite cutter, the discharge surface can be adaptive to the radian of the surface to be machined, the workpiece is prevented from being scratched, and the discharge efficiency is prevented from being reduced. Preferably, the flexible electrode is fan-shaped, which is beneficial to increase of discharge area and improvement of discharge power and discharge efficiency.

Description

Composite cutter

[ technical field ] A

The application relates to the field of milling, in particular to a compound tool.

[ background of the utility model ]

With the rapid development of the modern metal processing industry, a plurality of new materials with high strength and high hardness emerge, and the processing difficulty is large due to the high strength and the high hardness of the new materials. In order to solve the above problems, a composite cutter is proposed, on which an electrode and a milling cutter are provided. During cutting, the surface to be processed of the workpiece is softened by discharging through the electrode, and then the softened surface to be processed is cut by using the milling cutter. However, as the compound cutter rotates at a high speed in the cutting process, the electrode is very easy to contact with or even collide with the surface to be processed, the discharge efficiency of the electrode is reduced, and the workpiece is damaged due to the scraping of the workpiece.

[ summary of the utility model ]

The utility model provides a compound tool, but its flexible electrode that can deform through the wire that links to each other the other end relative oscillation by a plurality of one end constitutes makes the compound tool that mills can in time revise the shape of flexible electrode discharge surface in the course of working of different technological parameters, but makes the radian of discharge surface self-adaptation treating the processing face, avoids the scraping of work piece, avoids the reduction of discharge efficiency.

The application is realized by the following technical scheme:

composite cutting tool, including the blade holder, be equipped with the flexible electrode that is used for softening the work piece to wait to process the face and be used for cutting the cutter of the face of waiting to process after softening on the blade holder, flexible electrode is formed with the discharge surface with the one side relative of waiting to process the face, the radian of face is waited to process in the flexible self-adaptation under the exogenic action to the discharge surface, flexible electrode includes a plurality of wires, and is a plurality of wire one end links to each other the other end and can swings relatively, and its wobbling one end is formed with the discharge surface.

In the composite cutting tool, the plurality of metal wires are arranged in sequence in the longitudinal and transverse directions to form a brush shape.

The composite cutting tool as described above, the diameter of the wire being: 0.25mm-2 mm.

As above compound cutting tool, flexible electrode is fan-shaped, the central angle of flexible electrode is: 95-105 degrees.

The composite cutter is provided with a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge, wherein the first cutting edge extends along the axial direction of the cutter seat and protrudes from the upper side surface of the cutter seat, and the second cutting edge extends along the radial direction of the cutter seat and protrudes from the outer periphery side of the cutter seat.

According to the compound tool, the tool apron is provided with the adjusting component which drives the discharge surface to move so that the softened surface formed by the discharge surface on the surface to be processed of the workpiece is superposed with the cutting surface formed by the tool on the surface to be processed of the workpiece.

In the composite cutting tool described above, one side of the flexible electrode where the discharge surface is formed protrudes from the outer peripheral side of the tool apron, the adjusting assembly drives the discharge surface to move along the axial direction of the tool apron, so that two ends of the discharge surface in the axial direction of the tool apron are flush with two ends of the first cutting edge in the axial direction of the tool apron, and the adjusting assembly includes an elastic member that pushes the flexible electrode along the axial direction of the tool apron and an adjusting rod that adjusts pushing force of the elastic member.

In the composite cutting tool described above, one side of the flexible electrode on which the discharge surface is formed protrudes above the upper side of the tool apron, the adjusting assembly drives the discharge surface to move along the radial direction of the tool apron, so that two ends of the discharge surface in the radial direction of the tool apron and two ends of the second cutting edge in the radial direction of the tool apron are located on concentric circles, and the adjusting assembly includes an elastic member for pushing the flexible electrode along the radial direction of the tool apron and an adjusting rod for adjusting the pushing force of the elastic member.

According to the compound tool, the tool apron is provided with the mounting hole for the flexible electrode to be inserted into, the flexible electrode and the elastic piece are stacked in the mounting hole and are tightly matched with the mounting hole, and the adjusting rod sequentially penetrates through the tool apron, the flexible electrode and the elastic piece.

As above compound tool, the blade holder include the blade disc and with the blade disc forms the support frame of mounting hole, the support frame can be relative the blade disc removes in order to adjust the interval of flexible electrode and work piece surface of treating to process, be formed with the elliptical aperture on the blade disc, the blade disc with be connected with on the support frame and follow the fastener that the elliptical aperture removed.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. the flexible electrode is formed by a plurality of metal wires which are connected with one end and can swing relatively and the other end, so that the shape of the discharge surface of the flexible electrode can be corrected in time in the machining process of different technological parameters of the milling composite cutter, the discharge surface can be adaptive to the radian of the surface to be machined, the workpiece is prevented from being scratched, and the discharge efficiency is prevented from being reduced.

2. Preferably, the flexible electrode is fan-shaped, which is beneficial to increase of discharge area and improvement of discharge power and discharge efficiency.

[ description of the drawings ]

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a compound cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the composite cutting tool of the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the composite cutter of the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a partially exploded view of a composite cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a flexible electrode according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of an electric spark milling system using a compound tool.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

The compound cutting tool as shown in fig. 1-7 comprises a tool apron 1, a plurality of flexible electrodes 2 arranged on the circumferential side of the tool apron 1 at intervals, and a plurality of cutting tools 3 arranged on the circumferential side of the tool apron 1 at intervals alternatively, wherein a discharge surface 21 is formed on one side of each flexible electrode 2 opposite to a workpiece surface to be processed, the discharge surface 21 can be deformed and self-adapted to the radian of the surface to be processed under the action of external force, specifically, each flexible electrode 2 comprises a plurality of metal wires 22, one ends of the metal wires 22 are connected, the other ends of the metal wires 22 can swing relatively, and the swing end of the metal wire is formed with the discharge surface 21. The composite cutter is characterized in that the flexible electrode is formed by a plurality of metal wires, one end of each metal wire is connected with the other end of each metal wire, the other end of each metal wire can swing relative to the other end of each metal wire, so that the shape of the discharge surface of the flexible electrode can be corrected in time in the machining process of different technological parameters of the composite milling cutter, the discharge surface can be adaptive to the radian of the surface to be machined, the workpieces are prevented from being scratched, and the discharge efficiency is prevented from being reduced.

Specifically, the plurality of wires 22 are arranged in a brush shape in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The shape is regular, the deformation is easy to adapt to the radian of the surface to be processed under the action of external force, and the electric conduction efficiency is high. More preferably, the metal wire 22 is a copper wire, and the copper wire has good conductivity, so that the discharge efficiency of the flexible electrode 2 can be further improved.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limiting thereto, the diameter of the wire 22 is: 0.25mm-2 mm. Wherein, the wire 22 is too thick to facilitate the deformation of the wire, and the wire 22 is too thin to easily cause excessive deformation and even breakage. The value is reasonable, so that the deformation is facilitated, and the deformation is not excessive or broken.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention but not limited thereto, the flexible electrode 2 is fan-shaped, and the central angle of the flexible electrode 2 is: 95 ° -105 °, preferably the central angle of the flexible electrode 2 is: 98 deg. The flexible electrode 2 is in a fan shape, so that the discharge area is increased, and the discharge power and the discharge efficiency are improved.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the tool 3 is formed with a first cutting edge 31 and a second cutting edge 32, the first cutting edge 31 extends in the axial direction of the holder 1 and protrudes from the upper side surface of the holder 1, and the second cutting edge 32 extends in the radial direction of the holder 1 and protrudes from the outer peripheral side of the holder 1. This setting is convenient for the installation and the dismantlement of cutter 3, and the setting of a plurality of cutting edges can improve the flexibility ratio that cutter 3 used.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the tool holder 1 is formed with a mounting hole 10 into which the flexible electrode 2 is inserted. Since the flexible electrode 2 is composed of a plurality of the metal wires 22, this arrangement can improve the stability of the assembly of the flexible electrode 2 and prevent the flexible electrode 2 from loosening and scattering.

Since the flexible electrode 2 is fitted in the mounting hole 10, the first cutting edge 31 protrudes from the upper side surface of the holder 1 in the axial direction of the holder 1, and the second cutting edge 32 protrudes from the circumferential side of the holder 1 in the radial direction of the holder 1. This will cause that the softened surface formed on the surface to be machined of the workpiece by the discharge surface 21 and the cutting surface formed on the surface to be machined of the workpiece by the tool 3 cannot be completely overlapped, so that the un-softened part of the surface to be machined fails to be cut, and the machining effect of the workpiece is affected.

In order to solve the above problem, the tool rest 1 is further provided with an adjusting component 4 for driving the discharge surface 21 to move so that a softened surface formed on a surface to be processed of the workpiece by the discharge surface 21 coincides with a cutting surface formed on the surface to be processed of the workpiece by the tool 3. Specifically, one side of the flexible electrode 2, where the discharge surface 21 is formed, protrudes from the outer peripheral side of the tool holder 1, and the adjusting assembly 4 drives the discharge surface 21 to move along the axial direction of the tool holder 1, so that two ends of the discharge surface 21 in the axial direction of the tool holder 1 are flush with two ends of the first tool edge 31 in the axial direction of the tool holder 1, and a softened surface and a cut surface are overlapped, thereby avoiding cutting failure. Specifically, the two ends of the tool 3 in the axial direction of the tool holder 1 are an a end and a B end, respectively, the two ends of the discharge surface 21 in the axial direction of the tool holder 1 are an a 'end and a B' end, respectively, and the adjustment assembly 4 makes the a end level with the a 'end and the B end level with the B' end.

Correspondingly, the adjusting assembly 4 comprises an elastic member 41 for elastically pushing the flexible electrode 2 along the axial direction of the tool holder 1 and an adjusting rod 42 for adjusting the pushing force of the elastic member 41. The structure is simple and compact, and the fine adjustment effect is good.

Of course, in the above embodiment, the specific structure of the adjusting assembly 4 is shown when the mounting hole 10 is opened on the outer peripheral side of the holder 1 and the discharge surface 21 is protruded on the outer peripheral side of the holder 1. Besides the opening on the outer periphery of the holder 1, the mounting hole 10 may also open on the upper side of the holder 1. At this time, one side of the flexible electrode 2, where the discharge surface 21 is formed, protrudes from the upper side surface of the tool apron 1, and the adjusting assembly 4 drives the discharge surface 21 to move along the radial direction of the tool apron 1, so that two ends of the discharge surface 21 in the radial direction of the tool apron 1 and two ends of the second blade 32 in the radial direction of the tool apron 1 are located in a concentric circle, thereby realizing the superposition of a softened surface and a cutting surface and avoiding cutting failure. Specifically, two ends of the tool 3 in the radial direction of the tool holder 1 are a C end and a D end, two ends of the discharge surface 21 in the radial direction of the tool holder 1 are a C 'end and a D' end, respectively, and the adjusting component 4 makes the C end and the C 'end located on a first circle and makes the D end and the D' end located on a second circle, where the first circle and the second circle are concentric circles.

Correspondingly, the adjusting assembly 4 includes an elastic member 41 for elastically pushing the flexible electrode 2 along the radial direction of the tool holder 1, and an adjusting rod 42 for adjusting the pushing force of the elastic member 41, wherein the elastic member 41 is made of rubber, and the adjusting rod 42 is made of a bolt. The structure is simple and compact, and the fine adjustment effect is good.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention but not limited thereto, the flexible electrode 2 and the elastic member 41 are stacked in the installation hole 10 and closely fit with the installation hole 10, and the adjusting rod 42 is sequentially inserted through the tool holder 1, the flexible electrode 2 and the elastic member 41. As can be seen, the adjustment bar 42 is located on the side away from the discharge surface 21. The structure is simple and compact, and the fine adjustment effect is good.

Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but not limited thereto, the tool apron 1 includes a tool pan 11 and a support frame 12 forming the mounting hole 10 with the tool pan 11, and the flexible electrode 2 and the elastic member 41 are connected to the support frame 12 and located in the mounting hole 10. The support frame 12 is detachably connected with the tool apron 1 and can move relative to the tool pan 11 to adjust the distance between the flexible electrode 2 and the surface of the workpiece to be processed. Through the arrangement, the distance between the flexible electrode 2 and the surface to be processed of the workpiece is larger than or equal to zero, and the surface to be processed of the workpiece can be cleaned while gap discharge is realized.

Specifically, an elliptical hole 13 is formed in the cutter head 11, and a fastening piece 14 which can move along the elliptical hole 13 is connected to the cutter head 11 and the support frame 12. The structure is simple and compact, and the fine adjustment effect is good.

The electric spark milling system using the composite cutter as shown in fig. 8 includes a machine tool 100, the composite cutter disposed on an output end of the machine tool 100, a power supply 200 electrically connected to the composite cutter and a workpiece 400, respectively, and an electrolyte circulation device 300 spraying an electrolyte between the composite cutter and the workpiece 400. Specifically, the machine tool 100 is electrically connected with an oscilloscope 101 and a control terminal 102. Specifically, the electrolyte circulation device 300 includes a liquid storage tank 301 with an upward opening for storing electrolyte, a spraying head 303 for spraying electrolyte, and a circulation pump 302 for pumping the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank 301 to the spraying head 303, wherein a support table (not shown) for supporting a workpiece is arranged in the liquid storage tank 301, and the spraying head 303 extends between the workpiece and the compound tool. Specifically, the flexible electrode 2 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply 200, and the workpiece is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 200. Wherein, the power supply 200 is an electric spark power supply of the prior QC250 model. The structure can realize contact discharge, interval discharge and partial contact discharge, and is flexible to use.

Based on the electric spark milling system using the composite cutter, the following milling method is applied in the workpiece machining process, and the specific steps are as follows:

s1: adjusting the gap between the discharge surface and the surface to be processed of the workpiece to enable the discharge surface to interfere with the surface to be processed of the workpiece, turning off a power supply, rotating the tool apron, and enabling the discharge surface to be deformed and matched with the surface to be processed of the workpiece after contacting with the surface to be processed of the workpiece;

s2: driving the discharge surface to move, so that a softened surface formed on the surface to be processed of the workpiece by the discharge surface is superposed with a cutting surface formed on the surface to be processed of the workpiece by the cutter;

s3: adjusting the distance between the discharge surface and the surface to be processed of the workpiece to ensure that the discharge surface is not contacted with the surface to be processed of the workpiece completely or is contacted with the surface to be processed of the workpiece completely or partially, starting a power supply, rotating a tool apron, softening the surface to be processed of the workpiece through discharge of a flexible electrode, and cutting the softened surface to be processed by a milling cutter.

In step S1, the discharge surface can be matched with the surface to be processed of the workpiece, so as to avoid collision between the flexible electrode and the workpiece during processing of the workpiece.

In step S3, when the discharge surface is not in contact with the surface to be processed of the workpiece, a gap is formed between the discharge surface and the surface to be processed of the workpiece, and the flexible electrode does not discharge in contact, so that the discharge of the flexible electrode is more uniform and the discharge effect is better because the discharge surface and the surface to be processed of the workpiece are in contact matching in step S1; when the discharge surface is completely contacted with the surface to be processed of the workpiece, the flexible electrode is in contact discharge, and the discharge surface can be adjusted and deformed in time in the processing process, so that the surface to be processed of the workpiece can be uniformly softened by the electric arc, and meanwhile, the scraps can be swept away from the surface to be processed, so that the quality of the surface to be processed of the workpiece is improved; when the discharge surface is contacted with the part of the surface to be processed of the workpiece, the effect of gap discharge and the effect of contact discharge are achieved, and a cleaning effect is achieved.

When the flexible electrode 2 discharges to soften the surface of the workpiece to be processed, the spraying head 303 sprays electrolyte toward the gap formed between the workpiece and the flexible electrode 2.

It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.

The foregoing is illustrative of one or more embodiments provided in connection with the detailed description and is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular embodiments disclosed herein. Similar or identical methods, structures, etc. as used herein, or several technical inferences or substitutions made on the concept of the present application should be considered as the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The composite cutter comprises a cutter holder (1), wherein a flexible electrode (2) for softening a surface to be processed of a workpiece and a cutter (3) for cutting the softened surface to be processed are arranged on the cutter holder (1), and the composite cutter is characterized in that a discharge surface (21) is formed on one side, opposite to the surface to be processed, of the flexible electrode (2), and the discharge surface (21) can be deformed to adapt to the radian of the surface to be processed under the action of external force;

the flexible electrode (2) comprises a plurality of metal wires (22), one ends of the metal wires (22) are connected, the other ends of the metal wires can swing relatively, and the discharging surface (21) is formed at one swinging end of the metal wires.

2. The composite cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the metal wires (22) are arranged in a brush shape in order in the longitudinal and lateral directions.

3. The composite tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein the wire (22) has a diameter of: 0.25mm-2 mm.

4. The compound tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible electrode (2) is fan-shaped, the central angle of the flexible electrode (2) being: 95 to 105 degrees.

5. The compound tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool (3) is formed with a first cutting edge (31) and a second cutting edge (32), the first cutting edge (31) protruding from the upper side of the holder (1) in the axial extension of the holder (1), the second cutting edge (32) protruding from the outer peripheral side of the holder (1) in the radial extension of the holder (1).

6. The compound tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the tool holder (1) is provided with an adjusting component (4) for driving the discharge surface (21) to move, so that the softened surface formed by the discharge surface (21) on the surface to be processed of the workpiece is coincided with the cutting surface formed by the tool (3) on the surface to be processed of the workpiece.

7. The compound tool according to claim 6, wherein one side of the flexible electrode (2) where the discharge surface (21) is formed protrudes from the outer peripheral side of the tool holder (1), and the adjusting assembly (4) drives the discharge surface (21) to move along the axial direction of the tool holder (1) so that both ends of the discharge surface (21) in the axial direction of the tool holder (1) are flush with both ends of the first cutting edge (31) in the axial direction of the tool holder (1);

the adjusting component (4) comprises an elastic piece (41) which axially pushes the flexible electrode (2) along the tool apron (1) and an adjusting rod (42) which adjusts pushing force of the elastic piece (41).

8. The compound tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the side of the flexible electrode (2) formed with the discharge surface (21) protrudes from the upper side of the tool holder (1), and the adjusting component (4) drives the discharge surface (21) to move along the radial direction of the tool holder (1) so that the two ends of the discharge surface (21) in the radial direction of the tool holder (1) are located on a concentric circle with the two ends of the second cutting edge (32) in the radial direction of the tool holder (1);

the adjusting component (4) comprises an elastic piece (41) for radially pushing the flexible electrode (2) along the tool apron (1) and an adjusting rod (42) for adjusting pushing force of the elastic piece (41).

9. The compound tool according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the tool holder (1) is formed with a mounting hole (10) for inserting the flexible electrode (2), the flexible electrode (2) and the elastic member (41) are stacked in the mounting hole (10) and tightly fit with the mounting hole (10), and the adjusting rod (42) is sequentially arranged on the tool holder (1), the flexible electrode (2) and the elastic member (41).

10. The compound tool according to claim 9, characterized in that the tool holder (1) comprises a cutter head (11) and a support frame (12) forming the mounting hole (10) with the cutter head (11), the support frame (12) being movable relative to the cutter head (11) to adjust the spacing of the flexible electrode (2) from the surface to be machined of the workpiece;

an elliptical hole (13) is formed in the cutter head (11), and a fastener (14) capable of moving along the elliptical hole (13) is connected to the cutter head (11) and the support frame (12).

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