CN216919634U - Preparation device of in-situ electret fiber membrane - Google Patents
Preparation device of in-situ electret fiber membrane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN216919634U CN216919634U CN202123394888.6U CN202123394888U CN216919634U CN 216919634 U CN216919634 U CN 216919634U CN 202123394888 U CN202123394888 U CN 202123394888U CN 216919634 U CN216919634 U CN 216919634U
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- electret
- spinneret
- assembly
- component
- collecting
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000289 melt material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004750 melt-blown nonwoven Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a preparation device of an in-situ electret fiber membrane, which comprises a polypropylene melting feeding component, an electret spinneret plate component, a compressed gas component, a fiber membrane collecting component and a high-voltage electrostatic field component; the polypropylene melting and feeding assembly is communicated with the electret spinneret plate assembly and supplies materials for the electret spinneret plate assembly; the electret spinneret plate component is opposite to the fiber film collecting component, and the melt filaments are sprayed to the fiber film collecting component; the compressed gas component provides compressed air for the electret spinneret plate component; the high-voltage electrostatic field component comprises an electrostatic generator, a high-voltage negative terminal and a high-voltage positive terminal; the high-voltage positive terminal is located at the position of the electret spinneret assembly, and the high-voltage negative terminal is located at the position of the fiber film collecting assembly. The preparation device not only reduces the requirement on the spinneret plate, but also greatly reduces the blockage phenomenon of the spray holes in the production process due to the increase of the aperture of the spinneret plate, simplifies the process steps and can accelerate the production.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fiber membrane preparation device, in particular to a preparation device of an in-situ electret fiber membrane.
Background
The air filtration mainly utilizes the screening function to collect the particulate matters with the pore diameter larger than that of the filter materialThe trapping of smaller particles is mainly by internal and surface filtration. Internal/surface filtration of small particles is achieved by combining multiple effects of interception, inertial, diffusion, gravity and electrostatic effects. The particles with the particle size of less than 0.5 mu m realize adsorption and deposition on the surface of the fiber mainly through the electrostatic effect of the filter material combined with diffusion. The polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric is composed of superfine fibers with the diameter of 2-5 mu m, and the fibers are distributed disorderly to form a large number of tiny gaps. After electret treatment, the fibers carry a large amount of charges, a large amount of electrodes are formed among the fibers, the field intensity between the electrodes can reach more than ten MV/m, and the equivalent surface charge density is even as high as 90Nc/cm2. Under the electrostatic action, a large amount of small-particle-size particles are adsorbed and captured by the fibers, and meanwhile, the polarizable parts do not charge the particles and are adsorbed. The medical protective mask using the electret treatment filter material finally integrates various trapping effects and can reach the particulate matter filtering efficiency required by the GB 19083-.
However, the filtering effect of the filter material, especially the filtering effect of the filter material on small-particle-size particles, is greatly influenced by the properties of the filter material and the use environment, such as the filtering speed, the fiber filling rate, the fiber diameter, the surface and space charges, the dust holding capacity, the temperature and humidity of air flow, the physical and chemical properties of particles and the like.
The existing electret fiber membrane preparation technology is mainly characterized in that a two-step method is adopted, firstly, polypropylene is used as a raw material, a melt-blown process is utilized to prepare a superfine fiber membrane, and then a high-voltage electric field is utilized to perform electret on the fiber membrane; the charge density, surface potential, charge decay and the like of the prepared electret polypropylene film are mainly related to the electret voltage, the electret time and the properties of the material. The existing process flow can finish electret only after the secondary treatment of a high-voltage electric field for a certain time after melt-blown forming, and the process flow is complex; meanwhile, in order to obtain a finer fiber diameter, the pore diameter of the melt-blown spinneret plate is extremely fine, so that the processing cost is high, and the service life is short.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a preparation device of an in-situ electret fiber membrane with low product cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: the device comprises a polypropylene melting feeding assembly, an electret spinneret plate assembly, a compressed gas assembly, a fiber film collecting assembly and a high-voltage electrostatic field assembly; the polypropylene melting and feeding assembly is communicated with the electret spinneret assembly and supplies materials to the electret spinneret assembly; the electret spinneret plate component is opposite to the fiber film collecting component, and the melt filaments are sprayed to the fiber film collecting component; the compressed gas component provides compressed air for the electret spinneret component; the high-voltage electrostatic field component comprises an electrostatic generator, a high-voltage negative terminal and a high-voltage positive terminal; the high-voltage positive terminal is located at the position of the electret spinneret assembly, and the high-voltage negative terminal is located at the position of the fiber film collecting assembly.
The electret spinneret plate component comprises a spinneret plate and a spinneret plate; the front end of the spinning nozzle is right opposite to the spinning plate, and the rear end of the spinning nozzle is communicated with the polypropylene melt feeding component; and the rear side part of the spinneret plate is communicated with the compressed gas component and is communicated with the spinneret holes through a compressed gas path. The diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.6-1.2 mm.
The polypropylene melting and feeding assembly comprises a screw feeder, a feeding bin and a feeding driving motor; the spiral feeder is communicated with the feeding bin and is provided with a melting discharge hole; the melting discharge port is communicated with the electret spinneret plate assembly; the feeding driving motor drives the screw feeder.
The fiber film collecting component comprises a collecting belt, a collecting roller, a roller group and a driving device; the collecting belt is connected to the roller group and is positioned at the front end of the electret spinneret plate component; the collecting belt is driven by a driving device to drive the roller group to rotate, and the fiber film collected by the collecting belt is collected by the collecting roller.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the electrostatic field with certain intensity is established between the spinneret plate and the collecting belt, when melt of polarizable materials such as polypropylene enters the electrostatic field through the spinneret hole to be polarized, because polymer molecular chains in the melt have the same charges, the melt jet can be split continuously when moving in a polarization space, and finally, fibers with diameters smaller than the diameter of the spinneret hole can be obtained when the melt reaches the collecting belt, so that the spinneret plate with the minimum aperture is not needed any more. Meanwhile, polarization is finished in the melt spinning process, so that secondary polarization is not needed. Therefore, the utility model not only reduces the requirement on the spinneret plate, but also greatly reduces the blockage phenomenon of the spray hole in the production process due to the increase of the aperture of the spinneret plate, simplifies the process steps and can accelerate the production.
According to the utility model, the high-voltage electrostatic field is introduced into the melt spinning forming process for assistance, and on the premise of preparing the non-woven fabric film with the same fiber diameter, the diameter of the spinneret orifice of the spinneret plate can be increased by 1-4 times compared with the existing one, the requirement on the processing precision of the spinneret plate is obviously reduced, the spinning process is simplified, the loss of the melt-blown spinneret plate is reduced, the production cost is obviously reduced, and the service life of the product is obviously prolonged.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a polypropylene melt feed assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electret spinneret assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fibrous membrane collection assembly according to the present invention.
In the figure: a polypropylene melt feed assembly 1; a feed drive motor 11; a feed bin 12; a heating device 13; a feeder casing 14; a melt outlet 15; a screw 16; a compressed gas assembly 2; a gas tank 21; a gas delivery pipe 22; an electret spinneret assembly 3; a melt connection pipe 31; a gas connection pipe 32; a compressed gas path 33; a spinneret 34; a spinneret orifice 35; a spinneret 36; a fiber membrane collecting component 4; a collecting roller 41; a timing belt 42; the collection driving motor 43; a drive belt 44; a drive wheel 45; a first driven pulley 46; a collection belt 47; a second driven pulley 48; a high voltage electrostatic field component 5; an electrostatic generator 51; a high voltage positive terminal 52; a high-voltage negative terminal 53; a control assembly 6.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the device for preparing the in-situ electret fiber membrane comprises a polypropylene melt feeding component 1, an electret spinneret plate component 3, a compressed gas component 2, a fiber membrane collecting component 4 and a high-voltage electrostatic field component 5. The polypropylene melting and feeding assembly 1 is communicated with the electret spinneret assembly 3 and feeds polypropylene melting materials into the electret spinneret assembly 3. The compressed gas assembly 2 provides compressed air for the electret spinneret assembly 3. The electret spinneret plate component 3 draws the polypropylene melt under the driving of the air flow of the compressed air to form melt filaments, and the melt filaments are ejected forwards. The fiber film collecting component 4 is located in front of the electret spinneret component 3, is opposite to the electret spinneret component 3, and is used for collecting melt filaments into an in-situ electret fiber film. The high-voltage electrostatic field component 5 is arranged between the electret spinneret component 3 and the fiber film collecting component 4, and melt filaments can be polarized in the high-voltage electrostatic field while being stretched by airflow; after the melt filament of the polypropylene is polarized, the polypropylene molecular chains in the melt filament have the same polarization charges, the melt filament is further split in an electric field due to the repulsion received by the charges which are the same, and finally the in-situ electret fiber film with the diameter much smaller than that of a spinneret orifice can be obtained when the melt filament reaches the fiber film of the fiber film collecting component 4.
In fig. 1 and 2, the device for preparing an in-situ electret fiber film comprises a polypropylene melting and feeding assembly, a screw feeder, a feeding bin 12, a feeding driving motor 11 and a heating device 13; the screw feeder includes a feeder housing 14 and a screw 16 located within the feeder housing 14. The rear part of the feeder shell 14 is communicated with the feeding bin 12, and the front end of the feeder shell is provided with a melting discharge hole 15; the rear end of the screw 16 is connected with a feeding driving motor 11 and is driven by the feeding driving motor 11 to rotate. The feeder casing 14 is externally provided with heating means 13 for heating the polypropylene pellet stock in the screw feeder. After the structure is adopted, polypropylene particle raw materials enter a feeder shell 14 of the screw feeder through the feeding bin 12, a screw 16 in the screw feeder is driven by the feeding driving motor 11 to rotate, the polypropylene particle raw materials continuously move from the direction of the feeding bin 12 to the direction of the melting discharge port 15 under the action of the screw 16, and the heating device 13 heats the polypropylene particle raw materials as required in the moving process to gradually melt the polypropylene particle raw materials; the polypropylene particle feedstock has been heated and sheared by the screw to a spinnable molten state as it is conveyed to the melt outlet 15.
As shown in fig. 1, in the apparatus for preparing an in-situ electret fiber membrane, the compressed gas module 2 includes a gas storage tank 21 and a gas pipe 22; the air storage tank 21 is communicated with the electret spinneret plate component 3 through an air conveying pipe 22. The compressed gas assembly 2 may further comprise a compressor, and the compressor supplies gas to the gas storage tank 21.
In fig. 1 and 3, the device for preparing an in-situ electret fiber film comprises an electret spinneret assembly 3 including a spinneret 34 and a spinneret 36. The front end of the spinneret 36 is right opposite to the spinneret plate 34, and the rear end of the spinneret is communicated with a melt discharge hole 15 of a screw feeder in the polypropylene melt feeding component 1 through a melt connecting pipe 31; the spinneret plate 34 is provided with spinneret orifices 35, and the rear side part of the spinneret plate 34 is communicated with the gas conveying pipe 22 of the compressed gas component 2 through a gas connecting pipe 32; a compressed gas path 33 is arranged in the spinneret plate 34, one end of the compressed gas path 33 is communicated with the gas pipe 22, and the other end of the compressed gas path 33 is communicated with the spinneret orifice 35; the compressed gas input by the compressed gas assembly 2 passes through the compressed gas path 33 and is ejected forwards from the spinneret orifice 35, and the polypropylene melt material sent out by the spinneret 36 is driven in the ejection process, so that the polypropylene melt material is stretched into melt filaments under the driving of the gas flow and is ejected forwards to form melt jet. As the high-voltage electrostatic field component 5 is arranged between the electret spinneret component 3 and the fiber film collecting component 4, the melt jet can be split continuously, so that the diameter of the spinneret orifice 35 is 0.6-1.2 mm, which is far larger than the diameter of the spinneret orifice in the conventional equipment, namely 0.1-0.3 mm.
In fig. 1 and 4, the fiber film collecting assembly of the apparatus for preparing an in-situ electret fiber film comprises a collecting belt 47, a collecting roller 41, a roller set and a driving device. The roller group comprises a driving wheel 45 and at least two driven wheels, as shown in fig. 4, the two driven wheels are a first driven wheel 46 and a second driven wheel 48; the driving pulley 45 and the first and second driven pulleys 46 and 48 are arranged in a triangular shape. The collecting belt 47 is sleeved on a roller group formed by the driving wheel 45, the first driven wheel 46 and the second driven wheel 48 and is connected with the roller group belt; wherein the first driven pulley 46 or the second driven pulley 48 functions to tension the collection belt 47 and to adjust the angle of the collection belt 47. The collection belt 47 is located at the front end of the electret spinneret assembly 3 and faces the spinneret holes 35, so that the melt filaments sprayed from the spinneret holes 35 can be sprayed onto the collection belt 47. The collecting roller 41 is provided at the leading end or the leading end side portion of the collecting belt 47 to wind the fiber film formed on the collecting belt 47. The driving device adopts a collection driving motor 43, and the collection driving motor 43 drives a driving wheel 45 to rotate through a driving belt 44. The collecting roller 41 may be driven by a timing belt 42 through an additional motor, or may be driven by a collecting driving motor 43 through the timing belt 42. Thus, during the rotation of the collection belt 47, the spinneret holes 35 of the electret spinneret assembly 3 continuously spray the melt filaments onto the collection belt 47 and solidify on the collection belt 47; as the collection belt 47 is continuously rotated, a fiber film is formed on the collection belt 47; the formed fiber films are wound around the collecting roller 41 and collected together by the rotation of the collecting roller 41.
In the apparatus for preparing an in-situ electret fiber membrane shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the high-voltage electrostatic field component 5 comprises an electrostatic generator 51, a high-voltage negative terminal 53 and a high-voltage positive terminal 52. The high voltage positive terminal 52 is located at the front end of the spinneret 34 in the electret spinneret assembly 3, and the high voltage negative terminal 53 is located at the rear end of the collection belt 47 in the fiber film collection assembly 4. The positive pole of the static generator 51 is connected with a high-voltage positive pole binding post 52 through a lead, and the negative pole is connected with a high-voltage negative pole binding post 53 through a lead; in this way, a high voltage electric field of a certain intensity can be formed in the space between the spinneret plate 34 and the collecting belt 47; the high-voltage electric field is 8-25 kV.
Fig. 1, the apparatus for preparing the in-situ electret fiber membrane may further comprise a control assembly 6; the control component can be composed of a power supply system, a communication system and a relay control system, is used for controlling all components of the whole device to work, and can be used for carrying out corresponding process parameter adjustment according to different raw materials.
The preparation device of the in-situ electret fiber membrane shown in fig. 1-4 is used in the following process: (1) the raw material of the polypropylene particles enters a feeder shell 14 of the screw feeder through a feeding bin 12, and a feeding driving motor 11 drives a screw 16 of the screw feeder; the heating device 13 melts the polypropylene particle raw material, so that the polypropylene molten material is sent into the spinneret 36 of the electret spinneret assembly 3 from the melt outlet 15;
(2) the polypropylene melt in the spinneret 36 enters the spinneret holes 35 of the spinneret plate 34 forward, and is ejected forward under the drive of the gas flow of the compressed gas to form melt jet, and the polypropylene melt is stretched into melt filaments under the drive of the gas flow;
(3) under the action of an 8-25 kV high-voltage electric field applied between the spinneret plate 34 and the collection belt 47 by the high-voltage electrostatic field component 5, the melt filaments are simultaneously polarized in the high-voltage electric field while being stretched by airflow; after the polypropylene melt filament is polarized, polypropylene molecular chains in the polypropylene melt filament carry the same polarization charges, and the melt filament is further split in an electric field due to the repulsion force received by the charges which are the same;
(4) in the case of the above polarization and splitting, the melt filaments eventually reach the collection belt 41 of the collecting assembly 4 and are much smaller than the diameter of the spinning orifices 35; the melt filaments solidify on a collection belt 41 as an in-situ electret fiber film and are collected via a collection roller 41.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation facilities of normal position electret fibrous membrane which characterized in that: the device comprises a polypropylene melting feeding component (1), an electret spinneret plate component (3), a compressed gas component (2), a fiber film collecting component (4) and a high-voltage electrostatic field component (5); the polypropylene melting and feeding assembly (1) is communicated with the electret spinneret assembly (3) and supplies materials to the electret spinneret assembly (3); the electret spinneret plate assembly (3) is opposite to the fiber film collecting assembly (4) and sprays melt filaments to the fiber film collecting assembly (4); the compressed gas assembly (2) provides compressed air for the electret spinneret assembly (3); the high-voltage electrostatic field assembly (5) comprises an electrostatic generator (51), a high-voltage negative terminal (53) and a high-voltage positive terminal (52); the high-voltage positive terminal (52) is positioned at the position of the electret spinneret assembly (3), and the high-voltage negative terminal (53) is positioned at the position of the fiber film collecting assembly (4).
2. The device for preparing an in-situ electret fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein: the electret spinneret assembly (3) comprises a spinneret plate (34) and a spinneret plate (36); the front end of the spinneret (36) is right opposite to the spinneret plate (34), and the rear end of the spinneret is communicated with the polypropylene melt feeding component (1); and the spinneret plate (34) is provided with spinneret orifices (35), and the rear side part of the spinneret plate (34) is communicated with the compressed gas component (2) and is communicated with the spinneret orifices (35) through a compressed gas circuit (33).
3. The apparatus for preparing in-situ electret fiber membrane of claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the spinneret orifice (35) is 0.6-1.2 mm.
4. The device for preparing an in-situ electret fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein: the polypropylene melting and feeding assembly comprises a screw feeder, a feeding bin (12) and a feeding driving motor (11); the spiral feeder is communicated with the feeding bin (12) and is provided with a melting discharge hole (15); the melting discharge port (15) is communicated with the electret spinneret assembly (3); the feeding driving motor (11) drives the screw feeder.
5. The apparatus for preparing in-situ electret fiber membrane of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the fiber film collecting component comprises a collecting belt (47), a collecting roller (41), a roller group and a driving device; the collecting belt (47) is connected to the roller group and is positioned at the front end of the electret spinneret assembly (3); the collecting belt (47) is driven by a driving device to rotate by a roller group, and the fiber film collected by the collecting belt (47) is collected by a collecting roller (41).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123394888.6U CN216919634U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Preparation device of in-situ electret fiber membrane |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123394888.6U CN216919634U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Preparation device of in-situ electret fiber membrane |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216919634U true CN216919634U (en) | 2022-07-08 |
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| CN202123394888.6U Expired - Fee Related CN216919634U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Preparation device of in-situ electret fiber membrane |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114411336A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-29 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Method and device for producing in-situ electret fiber membrane |
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2021
- 2021-12-30 CN CN202123394888.6U patent/CN216919634U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114411336A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-29 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Method and device for producing in-situ electret fiber membrane |
| CN114411336B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-10-27 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Method and device for producing in-situ electret fiber membrane |
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