CN216904674U - Energy storage unit and cascade type energy storage system - Google Patents
Energy storage unit and cascade type energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216904674U CN216904674U CN202123139465.XU CN202123139465U CN216904674U CN 216904674 U CN216904674 U CN 216904674U CN 202123139465 U CN202123139465 U CN 202123139465U CN 216904674 U CN216904674 U CN 216904674U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an energy storage unit and a cascade type energy storage system. The energy storage unit includes: the energy storage battery module comprises N groups of battery cluster series-connection assemblies connected in parallel, each group of battery cluster series-connection assembly comprises a branch fuse and a plurality of battery assemblies connected in series, and the branch fuse is connected between the plurality of battery assemblies and the direct current side of the power conversion module; each group of battery cluster series-connection assemblies is connected to the direct current side of the power conversion module through a battery side positive busbar and a battery side negative busbar, and the alternating current side of the power conversion module is used for being cascaded with other energy storage units. The energy storage unit according to the embodiment of the disclosure can realize parallel connection of the battery clusters, and increase capacity and power.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage unit and a cascade type energy storage system.
Background
High-voltage direct-hanging energy storage systems (such as photovoltaic cascade direct-hanging energy storage access systems and wind power cascade direct-hanging energy storage access systems) can realize direct exchange of 6kV-35 kV-level power grids and battery energy generally without adopting step-up transformers. However, in the high-voltage direct-hanging energy storage system, the number of power conversion units of each bridge arm is large, and the complexity of the system is high.
Although the cascade boost energy storage system (for example, a photovoltaic cascade boost energy storage access system and a wind power cascade boost energy storage access system) needs a boost transformer, the number of power conversion units of each bridge arm is small, and the system complexity is low.
According to the energy storage system, the direct current sides of the power conversion units are independently arranged and are respectively connected with the respective energy storage batteries, the alternating current sides are in chain type series connection, the energy storage batteries of each chain link are independent, the series-parallel connection of large-scale batteries is avoided, the short plate effect existing in the large-scale series-parallel connection of the batteries is relieved, the energy storage batteries with different capacities and even different medium battery packs can be used in a mixed mode by matching with a corresponding balance control strategy, and the energy availability and the economical efficiency of the energy storage system are greatly improved.
However, if the battery clusters are not connected in parallel, it is difficult to increase the capacity and the power, and the advantage of the large capacity cannot be exhibited. Moreover, the current energy storage system generally needs electrical components such as a soft start switch, a soft start resistor, a main branch switch and the like, which greatly reduces the reliability of the battery system.
In addition, the use of the filter inductor increases the cost and the volume of the power unit. In addition, the inductor has high heat dissipation design difficulty and high cost. If a current transformer is arranged on each power unit, the sampling quantity is large, the cost is high, and the economical efficiency is poor. Some existing battery systems also do not have hardware protection devices and are directly connected with the power conversion circuit, so that the reliability and safety of the configuration are low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
One object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage unit capable of increasing capacity.
An object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage unit capable of improving reliability.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy storage unit comprising: the energy storage battery module comprises N groups of battery cluster series-connection assemblies which are connected in parallel, each group of battery cluster series-connection assembly comprises a branch fuse and a plurality of battery assemblies which are connected in series, and the branch fuse is connected between the plurality of battery assemblies and the direct current side of the power conversion module; each group of battery cluster series-connection assemblies is connected to the direct current side of the power conversion module through a battery side positive busbar and a battery side negative busbar, and the alternating current side of the power conversion module is used for being cascaded with other energy storage units.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each set of battery cluster series assemblies may further include a branch sensor disposed between the branch fuse and the plurality of battery assemblies.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power conversion module may include a DC/DC converter, a power supply module, a bus capacitor, and a grid-side H-bridge assembly, a power supply-side positive port of the DC/DC converter being electrically connected with a positive port of the power supply module, a positive port of the bus capacitor, and a positive port of the grid-side H-bridge assembly; and the power supply side negative port of the DC/DC converter is electrically connected with the negative port of the power supply module, the negative port of the bus capacitor and the negative port of the network side H-bridge assembly.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power conversion module may further include a bypass switch connected in parallel between the ac ports of the grid-side H-bridge assembly.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage unit may further include a link controller communicatively connected with the battery cluster series assembly, the branch fuse, and the branch sensor.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage unit may further include a link controller communicatively coupled with the DC/DC converter, the power supply module, the grid-side H-bridge assembly, and the bypass switch.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a cascaded energy storage system is provided, where the cascaded energy storage system includes an a-phase energy storage link, a B-phase energy storage link, and a C-phase energy storage link, each energy storage link includes M groups of energy storage units as described above, and the alternating current sides of the M groups of energy storage units are cascaded, where M is a positive integer not less than 1.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cascaded energy storage system may further include a plurality of current sampling units, each of the plurality of current sampling units being disposed between a respective phase and the three-phase satellite junction.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of current sampling units may include a current sensor and an insulating shed, the insulating shed may be fixed on the phase current bus, and the current sensor may be sleeved on the insulating shed through an opened through hole and may be kept fixed.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cascade energy storage system may further include a cascade energy storage control unit, and the cascade energy storage control unit is respectively in communication with the link controller of each energy storage unit and the current sampling unit of each phase.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the energy storage unit of each phase and the current sampling unit of each phase can be electrically connected to the same cascade energy storage control system.
According to the energy storage unit disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the capacity and the power can be increased, and the advantage of large capacity is played.
According to the energy storage unit disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, electrical components such as a soft start switch, a soft start resistor, a main branch switch and the like are not needed, so that the reliability of the energy storage system is improved.
The energy storage unit according to the embodiment of the disclosure has high reliability and safety.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an energy storage unit of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an electrical configuration of an isolated DC/DC power converter illustrating an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a cascaded-type energy storage system of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a connection manner of the current sampling unit of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the utility model provides a high-capacity cascade type energy storage system, which can enable battery clusters to be connected in parallel, increase capacity and power and play the advantage of high capacity.
The cascade-type energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of energy storage units, each of which may include an energy storage battery module and a power conversion module, and the energy storage battery module may have N groups of battery cluster series assemblies connected in parallel.
The technical idea of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an energy storage unit of an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is an electrical structure showing an isolated DC/DC power converter of an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the energy storage unit according to the embodiment of the utility model may include an energy storage battery module 100 and a power conversion module 300.
The energy storage battery module 100 may include N groups of battery cluster series assemblies connected in parallel, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and N may be selected according to actual needs. Each of the N sets of battery cluster series assemblies 101 may include a plurality of battery assemblies 110 and branch fuses connected in series, for example, each set of battery cluster series assemblies 101 may include a plurality of battery assemblies 110 and a first branch fuse 120.
In addition, each set of battery cluster series assemblies 101 may further include at least one of a second branch fuse 131 and a branch sensor 130. The branch sensor 130 may be disposed between the branch fuse and the plurality of battery packs 110. For example, the branch sensor 130 may be disposed between the first branch fuse 120 and the plurality of battery assemblies 110, or the branch sensor 130 may be disposed between the second branch fuse 131 and the plurality of battery assemblies 110.
Specifically, the first branch fuse 120 may be connected in series between the positive electrode of the battery assembly 110 and the battery side positive bus bar 210 as an upper arm branch fuse, or may be connected in series between the negative electrode of the battery assembly 110 and the battery side negative bus bar 220 as a lower arm branch fuse.
When the first branch fuse 120 is used as an upper arm branch fuse, the battery assembly may be protected, for example, when a short circuit occurs between the battery assembly 110 and the battery side positive busbar 210 or a short circuit occurs at another position, the first branch fuse 120 may be rapidly fused, for example, electrical connection between the failed battery pack and other components of the energy storage battery is cut off, and thus, expansion of the fault is avoided.
Similarly, when the first branch fuse 120 is used as a lower arm branch fuse, the battery assembly may also be protected, for example, when a short circuit occurs between the battery assembly 110 and the battery-side negative bus bar 220 or a short circuit occurs at another location, the first branch fuse 120 may be rapidly fused, thereby preventing the propagation of a fault.
Branch fuses may be provided between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery assembly 110 and the corresponding positive and negative bus bars of the battery, respectively. That is, each set of the battery cluster series assemblies 101 may include both the first branch fuse 120 and the second branch fuse 131.
As shown in fig. 1, each group of the battery cluster series assemblies 101 may further include a second branch fuse 131, and the second branch fuse 131 may be connected in series between the positive electrode of the battery assembly 110 and the battery side positive busbar 210, or between the negative electrode of the battery assembly 110 and the battery side negative busbar 220.
That is, one of the first and second branch fuses 120 and 131 may serve as an upper arm branch fuse and the other may serve as a lower arm branch fuse.
The available copper bar series connection of upper arm branch road fuse is between the positive female row 210 of battery side and the positive pole of battery pack 110, and the available copper bar series connection of lower arm branch road fuse is between the negative female row 220 of battery side and the negative pole of battery pack 110. The two branch fuses are used for dealing with the short circuit between the positive busbar on the battery side and the shell or the short circuit between the negative busbar on the battery side and the shell.
Each group of battery cluster series-connection assemblies 101 is connected to the dc side of the power conversion module 300 through the battery side positive busbar 210 and the battery side negative busbar 220, and the ac side of the power conversion module 300 is used for being cascaded with other energy storage units.
The battery assembly 110 may include a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and the number of the battery cells connected in series may be freely selected as needed. A plurality of battery cells in the battery assembly 110 may be connected between the battery side positive bus bar 210 and the battery side negative bus bar 220.
Although not shown, the battery assembly 110 may include detection modules (e.g., temperature detection modules), each of which may be electrically connected to a link controller 400 (described in detail below).
The branch sensor 130 may be connected between the positive electrode of the battery assembly 110 and the battery-side positive busbar 210 or between the negative electrode of the battery assembly 110 and the battery-side negative busbar 220.
As an example, the branch sensor 130 may be connected between the positive electrode of the battery assembly 110 and the first branch fuse 120. The branch sensor 130 may also be connected between the negative pole of the battery assembly 110 and the second branch fuse 131.
Here, the branch sensor 130 may include a sampling current sensor and a sampling voltage sensor for the battery assembly 110, and the connection manner of the sampling current sensor and the sampling voltage sensor to the battery assembly 110 may be adaptively adjusted according to a specific current sampling circuit and a specific voltage sampling circuit.
As shown in fig. 1, each of the other groups of the battery cluster series assemblies may have the same configuration as the battery cluster series assembly 101, and a detailed description of the other groups of the battery cluster series assemblies will be omitted.
As an example, each group of the battery cluster series assemblies may include the same assembly and the same connection manner. However, in one example, each set of battery cluster series assemblies may differ in the number and placement of branch fuses and branch sensors.
The energy storage unit according to the embodiment of the utility model can not comprise electrical components such as a soft start switch, a soft start resistor, a main branch switch and the like arranged on the battery side, and faults caused by the fact that the soft start switch and the main branch switch cannot be normally switched on and off can not occur, so that the reliability and the safety of the energy storage unit according to the embodiment of the utility model are higher.
As shown in fig. 1, the branch sensor 130, the branch fuse, the battery assembly 110 may all be electrically connected to the link controller 400 via a first bus 510. By way of example, components of the branch sensor 130, branch fuse, battery assembly 110, etc. may also be electrically connected directly to the link controller 400.
The energy storage unit of the utility model may further include a power conversion module 300, and the power conversion module 300 may be disposed between the grid (or other power source) and the energy storage battery module 100 for converting the power input by the grid.
As shown in fig. 1, the power conversion module 300 may include a DC/DC converter 310. In addition, the power conversion module 300 may also include a power supply module 330, a bus capacitor 370, and a grid-side H-bridge assembly 340.
The power supply side positive port DC + of the DC/DC converter 310 is electrically connected to the positive port of the power supply module 330, the positive port of the bus capacitor 370, and the positive port of the grid side H-bridge assembly 340.
The negative power port DC-of the DC/DC converter 310 is electrically connected to the negative port of the power module 330, the negative port of the bus capacitor 370, and the negative port of the grid-side H-bridge assembly 340.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the battery side positive busbar 210 may be connected to a battery side positive port B + of the DC/DC converter 310, and the battery side negative busbar 220 may be connected to a battery side negative port B-of the DC/DC converter 310.
As shown in fig. 2, the DC/DC converter 310 may be an isolated DC/DC converter, and the DC/DC converter 310 may separate the energy storage battery module from the power module and may perform a voltage stabilizing function. In addition, due to the existence of the DC/DC converter 310, even if a battery string of a certain energy storage unit fails, other energy storage units cascaded together are not affected.
DC/DC converter 310 may include a battery-side DC-conversion H-bridge component 3111, a power-side DC-conversion H-bridge component 3112, an isolation transformer 3113, a battery-side DC-conversion capacitor 3114, and a power-side DC-conversion capacitor 3115.
As shown in fig. 2, the battery-side positive port B + of the DC/DC converter 310 may be connected to the positive output of the battery-side DC-converted H-bridge assembly 3111, and the battery-side negative port B-of the DC/DC converter 310 may be connected to the negative output of the battery-side DC-converted H-bridge assembly 3111.
The positive power-supply-side port DC + of the DC/DC converter 310 may be connected to the positive input terminal of the power-supply-side DC-converting H-bridge element 3112, and the negative power-supply-side port DC-of the DC/DC converter 310 may be connected to the negative input terminal of the power-supply-side DC-converting H-bridge element 3112.
An isolation transformer 3113 may be provided between the battery-side dc-conversion H-bridge assembly 3111 and the power-supply-side dc-conversion H-bridge assembly 3112.
A first interface of a battery side of the isolation transformer 3113 may be connected to a first ac terminal B1 of the battery-side dc-dc conversion H-bridge assembly 3111, a second interface of the battery side of the isolation transformer 3113 may be connected to a second ac terminal B2 of the battery-side dc-dc conversion H-bridge assembly 3111, a first interface of a power supply side of the isolation transformer 3113 may be connected to a first ac terminal P1 of the power supply-side dc-dc conversion H-bridge assembly 3112, and a second interface of the power supply side of the isolation transformer 3113 may be connected to a second ac terminal P2 of the power supply-side dc conversion H-bridge assembly 3112.
The battery-side dc-conversion H-bridge module 3111 and the power-supply-side dc-conversion H-bridge module 3112 may be configured by using controllable transistors such as IGBTs and MOSFETs. In addition, although not shown in the drawings, the controlled terminal of each transistor may be connected to a drive board, each of which may be electrically connected to a corresponding controller (e.g., the link controller 400 shown in fig. 1).
The battery-side DC conversion capacitor 3114 is connectable between the battery-side positive port B + and the battery-side negative port B-, and the power-side DC conversion capacitor 3115 is connectable between the power-side positive port DC + and the power-side negative port DC-. Both the battery-side dc conversion capacitor 3114 and the power-supply-side dc conversion capacitor 3115 can be used as voltage stabilizing capacitors.
As shown in fig. 1, power module 330 may be connected between positive power busbar 331 and negative power busbar 332, and busbar capacitor 370 may be connected in parallel with power module 330 and may be connected between positive power busbar 331 and negative power busbar 332.
The power module 330 may control the charging and discharging of the bus capacitor 370. For example, the power module 330 may control charging and discharging of the bus capacitor 370 under the control of the link controller 400.
The positive dc port of the grid-side H-bridge assembly 340 may be connected to the positive power busbar 331 and the negative dc port of the grid-side H-bridge assembly 340 may be connected to the negative power busbar 332.
A bypass switch 350 may be connected in parallel between the first ac port and the second ac port of the net-side H-bridge assembly 340. The first ac port serves as a first external power port of the network-side H-bridge component 340, and the second ac port serves as a second external power port of the network-side H-bridge component 340. The first ac port of the net-side H-bridge assembly 340 may be connected with the first electrical interface of the bypass switch 350 and the second ac port of the net-side H-bridge assembly 340 may be connected with the second electrical interface of the bypass switch 350.
The power positive busbar 331 may be connected to a power supply side positive port DC + of the DC/DC converter 310, and the power negative busbar 332 may be connected to a power supply side negative port DC-of the DC/DC converter 310.
As shown in fig. 1, the net-side H-bridge assembly 340 may be constructed using controllable transistors such as IGBTs, MOSFETs, etc., the controlled terminals of each transistor may be electrically connected to a respective drive board (e.g., first drive board 341, second drive board 342, third drive board 343, and fourth drive board 344), each drive board may be electrically connected to a respective controller, e.g., each drive board may be electrically connected to the link controller 400 via the second bus 520, or may be directly connected to the link controller 400.
The link controller 400 can perform information interaction with the driving boards in the N groups of battery assemblies, the N groups of upper arm branch fuses, the N groups of lower arm branch fuses, the N groups of branch sensors, the DC/DC converter, the power module, and the rectifying assembly in real time, thereby controlling each controllable assembly of the energy storage system.
Although the energy storage battery module is shown in fig. 1 to not include the link controller 400, the link controller 400 may also be part of the energy storage battery module 100.
In one example, a single link controller 400 may aggregate all control signals of N modules on one leg (e.g., phase a) for centralized processing and determination, thereby executing commands, and the link controller 400 may perform hierarchical control. The configuration of the link controller 400 is not particularly limited. The link controller 400 may be communicatively coupled to the battery cluster series assembly, the branch fuse, and the branch sensor.
In one example, the link controller 400 may only integrate the control signals of all the energy storage battery parts on one bridge arm, and then perform corresponding control, and each bridge arm may have one or more link controllers.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing a cascade-type energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a connection manner of a current sampling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the cascaded energy storage system of the utility model may include an a-phase energy storage link, a B-phase energy storage link, and a C-phase energy storage link. Each energy storage link comprises M groups of energy storage units as described above.
Wherein M is a positive integer not less than 1, M can be freely set as required, for example, it can be calculated according to the voltage of the energy storage battery module and the voltage of the power grid, and M can be 6.
The energy storage units of each phase cascade may be as described above. Although the net-side H-bridge assembly and the energy storage unit are shown in fig. 3 as being independent of each other, the net-side H-bridge assembly may also be part of the energy storage unit.
The cascade-type energy storage system of the utility model may further comprise a plurality of current sampling units, each of the plurality of current sampling units being disposed between a respective phase and the three-phase satellite junction. For example, the plurality of current sampling units may include an a-phase current sampling unit 610, a B-phase current sampling unit 620, and a C-phase current sampling unit 630.
As shown in fig. 3, one end of the a, B, and C phases may be directly connected to a power grid via a high voltage (e.g., 35KV) bus, or may be electrically connected to a common energy storage boost converter, and the other end of the a, B, and C phases may be commonly connected to a three-phase star point S.
The current sampling units of each phase may be located at the same position, for example, the a-phase current sampling unit 610 may be connected between the a-phase and the three-phase star point S, for example, between a series component connected to the a-phase and the three-phase star point S, the B-phase current sampling unit 620 may be connected between the B-phase and the three-phase star point S, for example, between a series component connected to the B-phase and the three-phase star point S, and the C-phase current sampling unit 630 may be connected between the C-phase and the three-phase star point S, for example, between a series component connected to the C-phase and the three-phase star point S. The position of the current sampling unit of each phase may also differ.
The a-phase current sampling unit 610, the B-phase current sampling unit 620, and the C-phase current sampling unit 630 may have the same connection structure.
For example, each of the a-phase current sampling unit 610, the B-phase current sampling unit 620, and the C-phase current sampling unit 630 may include a current sensor 900 and an insulating shed 910, the insulating shed 910 is fixed on the phase current bus 920, and the current sensor 900 is sleeved on the insulating shed 910 through a through hole formed therein and is kept fixed.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the current sampling unit adopts a customized connection mode, and the high voltage of the high-voltage bus is isolated from the low-voltage control system of the low-voltage current sensor through the insulating shed, so that the use cost is reduced. Moreover, the insulating shed is fixed on the phase current bus, and the current sensor is sleeved at the middle position of the insulating shed through the hole, so that the connection mode can keep the safe creepage distance with the electrified phase current bus, and the safety of the energy storage system is improved.
The cascade energy storage system can further comprise a cascade energy storage control unit, and the cascade energy storage control unit can be respectively communicated with the link controller of each energy storage unit and the current sampling unit of each phase.
As an example, the energy storage unit of each phase, the current sampling unit of each phase may be electrically connected to the same cascaded energy storage control unit 700, for example, the a-phase current sampling unit 610, the B-phase current sampling unit 620, and the C-phase current sampling unit 630 may be respectively electrically connected to the cascaded energy storage control unit 700. The cascaded energy storage control units 700 may perform global energy storage control.
According to the energy storage unit and the cascade type energy storage system disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the capacity and the power can be increased, and the advantage of large capacity is played.
According to the energy storage unit and the cascade type energy storage system disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, electrical components such as a soft start switch, a soft start resistor and a main branch switch are not required, and the reliability of a power supply system is reduced.
According to the energy storage unit and the cascade type energy storage system disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the connection of the current sampling power supply can be customized, and the energy storage safety is improved.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the utility model may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow, and the equivalents thereof, since modifications and improvements to those embodiments (e.g., various features described in connection with different embodiments may be combined) are within the scope thereof.
Claims (10)
1. An energy storage unit, characterized in that the energy storage unit comprises: an energy storage battery module and a power conversion module,
the energy storage battery module comprises N groups of battery cluster series-connection assemblies connected in parallel, each group of battery cluster series-connection assemblies comprises a branch fuse and a plurality of battery assemblies connected in series, and the branch fuse is connected between the plurality of battery assemblies and the direct current side of the power conversion module;
each group of battery cluster series-connection assemblies is connected to the direct current side of the power conversion module through a battery side positive busbar and a battery side negative busbar, and the alternating current side of the power conversion module is used for being cascaded with other energy storage units.
2. The energy storage unit of claim 1, wherein each set of battery cluster series assemblies further comprises a branch sensor disposed between the branch fuse and the plurality of battery assemblies.
3. The energy storage unit of claim 1, wherein the power conversion module comprises a DC/DC converter, a power supply module, a bus capacitor, and a grid-side H-bridge assembly,
the positive port of the power supply side of the DC/DC converter is electrically connected with the positive port of the power supply module, the positive port of the bus capacitor and the positive port of the network side H-bridge assembly;
and the power supply side negative port of the DC/DC converter is electrically connected with the negative port of the power supply module, the negative port of the bus capacitor and the negative port of the network side H-bridge assembly.
4. The energy storage unit of claim 3, wherein the power conversion module further comprises a bypass switch connected in parallel between the AC ports of the grid-side H-bridge assembly.
5. The energy storage unit of claim 2, further comprising a link controller communicatively coupled to the battery cluster series assembly, the branch fuse, and the branch sensor.
6. The energy storage unit of claim 4, further comprising a link controller communicatively coupled to the DC/DC converter, the power supply module, the grid-side H-bridge assembly, and the bypass switch.
7. A cascade energy storage system, which is characterized in that the cascade energy storage system comprises an A-phase energy storage link, a B-phase energy storage link and a C-phase energy storage link, each energy storage link comprises M groups of energy storage units as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the alternating current side of the M groups of energy storage units is cascaded, wherein M is a positive integer not less than 1.
8. The cascaded energy storage system of claim 7, further comprising a plurality of current sampling units, each of the plurality of current sampling units disposed between a respective phase and a three-phase star junction.
9. The cascaded energy storage system of claim 8, wherein each of the plurality of current sampling units comprises a current sensor and an insulating shed, the insulating shed is fixed on a phase current bus, and the current sensor is sleeved on the insulating shed through a through hole and is kept fixed.
10. The cascaded energy storage system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising a cascaded energy storage control unit, wherein the cascaded energy storage control unit is in communication with the link controller of each energy storage unit and the current sampling unit of each phase.
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