CN216903030U - Hydrogen energy source automobile hydrogen heating system - Google Patents
Hydrogen energy source automobile hydrogen heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216903030U CN216903030U CN202123051458.4U CN202123051458U CN216903030U CN 216903030 U CN216903030 U CN 216903030U CN 202123051458 U CN202123051458 U CN 202123051458U CN 216903030 U CN216903030 U CN 216903030U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model provides a hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system which comprises a hydrogen tank, an air pump, a fuel cell system, a tail gas treatment device and an air cooling unit, wherein the hydrogen tank and the air pump are respectively connected with the fuel cell system through an air inlet pipe, the tail gas treatment device is connected with the fuel cell system through an exhaust pipe, the tail gas treatment device is connected with a first water inlet pipe and a first water outlet pipe, the air cooling unit is connected with a second water inlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe, a heating circulation loop is formed among the fuel cell system, the first water inlet pipe, the first water outlet pipe and the tail gas treatment device, a cooling circulation loop is formed among the fuel cell system, the second water inlet pipe, the second water outlet pipe and the air cooling unit, and the hydrogen tank is connected with the tail gas treatment device through an air supplementing pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy vehicles, in particular to a hydrogen heating system of a hydrogen energy vehicle.
Background
The normal working temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell of the hydrogen energy automobile is above 65 ℃, and the electric heater is used for heating circulating water in the hydrogen fuel cell every time the hydrogen energy automobile is started, so that the hydrogen fuel cell can reach the working temperature quickly. In cold weather, the heating power is huge, and a great deal of electric energy needs to be consumed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The object of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical drawbacks mentioned.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen heating system for a hydrogen energy vehicle, which solves the above mentioned problems in the background art and overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system, which includes a hydrogen tank, an air pump, a fuel cell system, a tail gas processing device and an air cooling unit, where the hydrogen tank and the air pump are respectively connected to the fuel cell system through an air inlet pipe, the tail gas processing device is connected to the fuel cell system through an exhaust pipe, the tail gas processing device is connected to a first water inlet pipe and a first water outlet pipe, the air cooling unit is connected to a second water inlet pipe and a second water outlet pipe, a heating circulation loop is formed among the fuel cell system, the first water inlet pipe, the first water outlet pipe and the tail gas processing device, a cooling circulation loop is formed among the fuel cell system, the second water inlet pipe, the second water outlet pipe and the air cooling unit, and the hydrogen tank is connected to the tail gas processing device through an air supplement pipe.
Preferably, the fuel cell system is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet, the air inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the air outlet, the first water inlet pipe and the second water inlet pipe are respectively connected with the water inlet, and the first water outlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the water outlet.
Preferably by any one of the above schemes, the tail gas treatment device comprises a shell, a coil pipe is arranged in the shell, the shell is provided with a waste gas inlet, a gas outlet and a gas supplementing port, the waste gas inlet is connected with the other end of the exhaust pipe, one end of the coil pipe is connected with a first water inlet pipe, the other end of the coil pipe is connected with a first water outlet pipe, the gas supplementing port is connected with a gas supplementing pipe, and a catalyst is filled in the shell.
Preferably, the water purifier further comprises an intermediate water tank, and the first water inlet pipe, the first water outlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the intermediate water tank.
The fuel cell system further comprises a cold water tank, wherein the cold water tank is arranged on the second water inlet pipe or is connected with the fuel cell system through a water replenishing pipe.
Preferably, in any one of the above embodiments, the exhaust gas treatment device and the fuel cell system are respectively provided with a temperature sensor.
According to any one of the above schemes, the air supply pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, an ejector and a proportion regulating valve in sequence from the position between the hydrogen tank and the tail gas treatment device.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
by arranging the tail gas treatment device and utilizing the catalytic reaction principle, the hydrogen-containing waste gas exhausted by the fuel cell system is oxidized under the action of the catalyst to generate water, so that the aim of removing hydrogen in the tail gas is fulfilled.
Meanwhile, the heat generated by the oxidation reaction is fully utilized, the fuel cell system is heated, other loads are heated, the heat is fully utilized, and energy is saved. Moreover, the hydrogen is oxidized and generates heat under the action of the catalyst, the conversion efficiency of the chemical energy of the hydrogen to the heat energy is more than 95%, and the theoretical efficiency of converting the chemical energy of the hydrogen to the electric energy of the existing electrically heated fuel cell system is 60% (the actual value is lower).
Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen heating system of a hydrogen energy vehicle according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen heating system of a hydrogen energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a hydrogen heating system of a hydrogen energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the utility model 3;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of an exhaust gas treatment device in a hydrogen heating system of a hydrogen energy automobile according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a sectional view of an exhaust gas treatment device in a hydrogen heating system of a hydrogen energy automobile according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a fuel cell system; 2. a tail gas treatment device; 21. a housing; 22. an air supplement port; 23. an exhaust gas inlet; 24. an air outlet; 25. a coil pipe; 3. an air cooling unit; 4. a cold water tank; 5. an intermediate water tank; 6. a temperature sensor; 7. a gas supplementing pipe; 8. a first water inlet pipe; 9. a first water outlet pipe; 10. a second water inlet pipe; 11. a second water outlet pipe; 12. a water replenishing pipe.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrogen tank, an air pump, a fuel cell system 1, a tail gas processing device 2, and an air cooling unit 3, where the hydrogen tank and the air pump are respectively connected to the fuel cell system 1 through an air inlet pipe, the tail gas processing device 2 is connected to the fuel cell system 1 through an exhaust pipe, the tail gas processing device 2 is connected to a first water inlet pipe 8 and a first water outlet pipe 9, the air cooling unit 3 is connected to a second water inlet pipe 10 and a second water outlet pipe 11, a heating circulation loop is formed between the fuel cell system 1, the first water inlet pipe 8, the first water outlet pipe 9 and the tail gas processing device 2, a cooling circulation loop is formed between the fuel cell system 1, the second water inlet pipe 10, the second water outlet pipe 11 and the air cooling unit 3, and the hydrogen tank is connected to the tail gas processing device 2 through an air supplement pipe 7.
Be equipped with solenoid valve, ejector in proper order on the air supplement pipe 7 from between hydrogen jar and the tail gas processing apparatus 2, at the ejector effect, hydrogen has higher velocity of flow, simultaneously because siphon effect air can get into tail gas processing apparatus 2 together.
The fuel cell system 1 is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet, an air inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet, one end of an exhaust pipe is connected with the air outlet, a first water inlet pipe 8 and a second water inlet pipe 10 are respectively connected with the water inlet, and a first water outlet pipe 9 and a second water outlet pipe 11 are respectively connected with the water outlet.
Tail gas processing apparatus 2 includes casing 21, is equipped with coil pipe 25 in the casing 21, and casing 21 is equipped with waste gas entry 23, gas outlet 24 and tonifying qi mouth 22, and waste gas entry 23 is connected with the other end of blast pipe, and coil pipe 25's one end is connected with first inlet tube 8, and coil pipe 25's the other end is connected with first outlet pipe 9, and tonifying qi mouth 22 is connected with tonifying qi pipe 7, and the intussuseption of casing 21 is filled with the catalyst. Wherein, the coil 25 is a spiral coil, and the catalyst is selected from nano metal powder (metal materials include but are not limited to platinum and copper).
The working principle of the tail gas treatment device 2 is as follows: when the discharged hydrogen-containing waste gas passes through the interior of the shell 21, hydrogen and oxygen are oxidized under the action of the catalyst to generate water and heat, so that the purpose of removing hydrogen in the tail gas is achieved. Wherein most of the water generated by the oxidation is gaseous due to the exothermic catalytic reaction, and is discharged from the gas outlet 24 together with the hydrogen-free waste gas.
By using a catalyst, the reaction temperature threshold of hydrogen and oxygen is lowered to room temperature (hydrogen and air normally require more than 500 degrees to start the reaction, known as light-off).
The hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system of the embodiment is divided into two stages, including a startup preheating stage and a normal operation stage.
And (3) starting and preheating: hydrogen and oxygen pass through 7 ways of moisturizing pipe and carry to tail gas processing apparatus 2, and hydrogen and oxygen take place catalytic reaction in tail gas processing apparatus 2 to it is exothermic, simultaneously, the inside circulating water of fuel cell system 1 is carried to tail gas processing apparatus 2 in, and in transporting to fuel cell system 1 after absorbing the heat, the realization is to fuel cell system 1's heating, makes fuel cell system 1 reach operating temperature.
And (3) a normal working stage: the hydrogen tank and the air pump respectively convey hydrogen and oxygen to the fuel cell system 1, hydrogen-containing waste gas discharged after the reaction of the fuel cell system 1 enters the tail gas treatment device 2, wherein the hydrogen-containing waste gas contains oxygen, the hydrogen and the oxygen generate catalytic reaction in the tail gas treatment device 2, the discharged hydrogen-free waste gas is discharged, and the dehydrogenation treatment of the hydrogen-containing waste gas discharged from the fuel cell system 1 is realized.
The fuel cell system 1 needs to absorb heat in the initial working stage to ensure the working temperature of the fuel cell system 1, and at this time, the circulating water inside the fuel cell system 1 is conveyed into the tail gas treatment device 2 to absorb the heat generated by the tail gas treatment device 2 during the treatment of the hydrogen-containing waste gas.
The fuel cell system 1 needs to release heat after working for a period of time, so that the working temperature of the fuel cell system 1 is prevented from being too high, at the moment, circulating water in the fuel cell system 1 absorbs heat generated by the working and then is conveyed to the air cooling unit 3, the circulating water is cooled and then is conveyed to the fuel cell system 1, the heat generated by the working of the fuel cell system 1 is absorbed, and the normal working of the fuel cell system 1 is ensured.
The system also comprises a cold water tank 4, wherein the cold water tank 4 is connected with the fuel cell system 1 through a water replenishing pipe 12. And a cold water tank 4 is used for supplementing circulating water inside the fuel cell system 1.
The exhaust gas treatment device 2 and the fuel cell system 1 are respectively provided with a temperature sensor 6. The temperature sensor 6 is used for respectively monitoring the working temperature of the tail gas treatment device 2 and the working temperature of the fuel cell system 1 in real time, so that the working state of the hydrogen heating system of the hydrogen energy source automobile is determined according to the working temperature monitored in real time.
Specifically, when the heat released by the tail gas treatment device 2 is insufficient, that is, the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the catalytic reaction in the tail gas treatment device 2 is accelerated by increasing the flow of the hydrogen and the oxygen of the air supply pipe 7, and the released heat is increased. When the heat released by the tail gas treatment device 2 is too high, namely the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the cooling of the tail gas treatment device 2 can be realized by increasing the circulating water flow or the water flow in the cold water tank 4.
When the temperature monitored in the fuel cell system 1 is lower than the set temperature, the fuel cell system 1 needs to be heated to ensure the normal working temperature, and at the moment, the circulating water is discharged to the tail gas treatment device 2 to absorb the heat released by the operation of the tail gas treatment device 2. When the temperature monitored in the fuel cell system 1 is higher than the set temperature, the fuel cell system 1 needs to absorb heat to ensure that the working temperature is reduced, at the moment, the circulating water is discharged to the air cooling unit 3 to absorb the heat of the circulating water and then is conveyed to the fuel cell system 1, and the cooling of the fuel cell system 1 is realized.
The air supply pipe 7 is provided with a proportion regulating valve for regulating the delivery flow of hydrogen or oxygen.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, the water tank further includes an intermediate water tank 5, and a first water inlet pipe 8, a first water outlet pipe 9, and a second water outlet pipe 11 are respectively connected to the intermediate water tank 5.
In this embodiment, the circulating water in the fuel cell system 1 is delivered to the intermediate water tank 5, and when the fuel cell system 1 releases heat, the intermediate water tank 5 delivers water to the air cooling unit 3 for cooling, and then delivers the water to the fuel cell system 1, thereby absorbing the heat released by the fuel cell system 1. When the fuel cell system 1 absorbs heat, the intermediate water tank 5 conveys water to the tail gas treatment device 2 to absorb heat, and then conveys the water to the fuel cell system 1, so that the fuel cell system 1 is heated.
The middle water tank 5 is further connected with a load, and the heat released by the tail gas treatment device 2 is fully utilized.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the difference from embodiment 1 is that the water cooling system further includes an intermediate water tank 5, a first water inlet pipe 8, a first water outlet pipe 9, and a second water outlet pipe 11 are respectively connected to the intermediate water tank 5, and the cold water tank 4 is disposed on a second water inlet pipe 10.
In this embodiment, the circulating water in the fuel cell system 1 is delivered to the intermediate water tank 5, and when the fuel cell system 1 releases heat, the intermediate water tank 5 delivers water to the air cooling unit 3 for cooling, and then delivers the water to the fuel cell system 1 through the cold water tank 4, so as to absorb the heat released by the fuel cell system 1.
According to the hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system, the tail gas treatment device 2 is arranged, and hydrogen in the tail gas is removed by performing oxidation reaction on the hydrogen-containing waste gas discharged by the fuel cell system 1 under the action of the catalyst to generate water.
Meanwhile, the heat generated by the oxidation reaction is fully utilized to heat the fuel cell system 1 and other loads, so that the heat is fully utilized, and the energy is saved. Moreover, the hydrogen is oxidized and generates heat under the action of the catalyst, the conversion efficiency of the chemical energy of the hydrogen to the heat energy is more than 95%, and the theoretical efficiency of converting the chemical energy of the hydrogen to the electric energy by adopting the existing electric heating fuel cell system 1 is 60% (the actual value is lower).
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the utility model includes any combination of the elements of the foregoing description and the detailed description as well as those illustrated in the drawings, which are meant to be space-limited and not intended to constitute a part of the specification in any way whatsoever, the combination being such that the description is not intended to be exhaustive. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system, its characterized in that, includes hydrogen tank, air pump, fuel cell system, tail gas processing apparatus and air-cooled unit, hydrogen tank and air pump are respectively through intake pipe and fuel cell system connection, tail gas processing apparatus passes through blast pipe and fuel cell system connection, last first inlet tube, the first outlet pipe of being connected with of tail gas processing apparatus, be connected with second inlet tube, second outlet pipe on the air-cooled unit, form heating cycle return circuit between fuel cell system, first inlet tube, first outlet pipe and the tail gas processing apparatus, form cooling cycle return circuit between fuel cell system, second inlet tube, second outlet pipe and the air-cooled unit, hydrogen tank passes through the moisturizing pipe and is connected with tail gas processing apparatus.
2. The hydrogen heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell system comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet, the air inlet is connected to the air inlet, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet, the first and second water inlet pipes are connected to the water inlet, and the first and second water outlet pipes are connected to the water outlet.
3. The hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system of claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device comprises a housing, a coil is disposed in the housing, the housing is provided with an exhaust gas inlet, an air outlet and an air supplement port, the exhaust gas inlet is connected with the other end of the exhaust pipe, one end of the coil is connected with a first water inlet pipe, the other end of the coil is connected with a first water outlet pipe, the air supplement port is connected with an air supplement pipe, and a catalyst is filled in the housing.
4. The hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system of claim 1, further comprising an intermediate water tank, wherein the first water inlet pipe, the first water outlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe are connected with the intermediate water tank respectively.
5. The hydrogen-energy automobile hydrogen heating system of claim 1 or 4, further comprising a cold water tank, wherein the cold water tank is arranged on the second water inlet pipe or is connected with the fuel cell system through a water replenishing pipe.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device and the fuel cell system are respectively provided with a temperature sensor.
7. The hydrogen energy automobile hydrogen heating system of claim 1, wherein the air supply pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, an ejector and a proportional control valve in sequence from the position between the hydrogen tank and the tail gas treatment device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123051458.4U CN216903030U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Hydrogen energy source automobile hydrogen heating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123051458.4U CN216903030U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Hydrogen energy source automobile hydrogen heating system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN216903030U true CN216903030U (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202123051458.4U Active CN216903030U (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Hydrogen energy source automobile hydrogen heating system |
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| CN (1) | CN216903030U (en) |
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- 2021-12-07 CN CN202123051458.4U patent/CN216903030U/en active Active
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