CN216900722U - Electric field intensity testing arrangement based on unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种基于无人机的电场强度测试装置,包括无人机、电场强度测试单元、主机、无线收发单元和无线接收单元,所述电场强度测试单元悬吊于所述无人机上,所述电场强度测试单元包括测量探头、滤波放大器、AD转换器和处理器,所述测量探头、滤波放大器、AD转换器和处理器依次相连,所述电场强度测试单元依次经所述无线收发单元相连,所述主机分别与无线收发单元和无线接收单元相连;所述测量探头包括三个平行极板和三个线圈,三个所述平行极板之间相互正交,其中各平行极板与线圈一一对应设置,且平行极板与对应的线圈平行布置;各所述平行极板的厚度为2‑4mm。本实用新型具有测量精准可靠、测量量程大等优点。
The utility model discloses an electric field strength testing device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle, an electric field strength testing unit, a host computer, a wireless transceiver unit and a wireless receiving unit. The electric field strength testing unit is suspended from the unmanned aerial vehicle. On the machine, the electric field strength test unit includes a measurement probe, a filter amplifier, an AD converter and a processor, the measurement probe, filter amplifier, AD converter and processor are connected in sequence, and the electric field strength test unit is sequentially connected through the wireless The transceiver unit is connected, and the host is respectively connected with the wireless transceiver unit and the wireless receiving unit; the measurement probe includes three parallel pole plates and three coils, and the three parallel pole plates are orthogonal to each other, wherein each parallel pole plate is The plates and the coils are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the parallel pole plates are arranged in parallel with the corresponding coils; the thickness of each of the parallel pole plates is 2-4mm. The utility model has the advantages of accurate and reliable measurement, large measurement range and the like.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型主要涉及变电站技术领域,具体涉及一种基于无人机的电场强度测试装置。The utility model mainly relates to the technical field of substations, in particular to an electric field strength testing device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle.
背景技术Background technique
由于变电站内环境较为复杂,常规的电场强度测试手段难以满足生产实际需求,利用无人机搭载传感器进行检测,有助于监测电力设备运行状况。我国市场上目前使用的工频场强仪有很多种类,例如国外的NARDA,国内有SST、SY50L等,这类场强仪运用于职业卫生评价、环境检测等场合,普遍量程只能达到100kV/m,而我们所需要检测的特高压绝缘支架上高压引线电压均高于200kV且我们所需测量的对象为绝缘支柱表面,传感器离高压对象较近,根据场强公式E=U/d,U为被测对象周边感应电压(单位为V),d为被测对象与传感器间的距离(m),当电压高于200kV,且传感器离被测对象距离小于20cm时,此时所感应的电场强度会远远大于国内所能提供的场强仪所能检出的量程。Due to the complex internal environment of the substation, conventional electric field strength testing methods are difficult to meet the actual needs of production. Using drones to carry sensors for detection is helpful to monitor the operation of power equipment. There are many types of power frequency field strength meters currently used in the Chinese market, such as foreign NARDA, domestic SST, SY50L, etc. These field strength meters are used in occupational health evaluation, environmental testing and other occasions, and the general range can only reach 100kV/ m, and the voltage of the high-voltage leads on the UHV insulating support we need to detect is higher than 200kV, and the object we need to measure is the surface of the insulating support, and the sensor is close to the high-voltage object. According to the field strength formula E=U/d, U is the induced voltage around the measured object (unit is V), d is the distance (m) between the measured object and the sensor, when the voltage is higher than 200kV and the distance between the sensor and the measured object is less than 20cm, the induced electric field at this time The intensity will be far greater than the range that can be detected by the field strength meter that can be provided in China.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型要解决的技术问题就在于:针对现有技术存在的问题,本实用新型提供一种结构简单、测量精准可靠的基于无人机的电场强度测试装置。The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is that: aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present utility model provides an electric field strength testing device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle with a simple structure, accurate and reliable measurement.
为解决上述技术问题,本实用新型提出的技术方案为:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme proposed by the present utility model is:
一种基于无人机的电场强度测试装置,包括无人机、电场强度测试单元、主机、无线收发单元和无线接收单元,所述电场强度测试单元悬吊于所述无人机上,所述电场强度测试单元包括测量探头、滤波放大器、AD转换器和处理器,所述测量探头、滤波放大器、AD转换器和处理器依次相连,所述电场强度测试单元依次经所述无线收发单元相连,所述主机分别与无线收发单元和无线接收单元相连;所述测量探头包括三个平行极板和三个线圈,三个所述平行极板之间相互正交,其中各平行极板与线圈一一对应设置,且平行极板与对应的线圈平行布置;各所述平行极板的厚度为2-4mm。An electric field strength test device based on a drone, comprising a drone, an electric field strength test unit, a host, a wireless transceiver unit and a wireless receiving unit, the electric field strength test unit is suspended on the drone, the electric field strength The strength test unit includes a measuring probe, a filter amplifier, an AD converter and a processor, the measuring probe, the filter amplifier, the AD converter and the processor are connected in sequence, and the electric field strength test unit is sequentially connected through the wireless transceiver unit, so the The host is respectively connected with the wireless transceiver unit and the wireless receiving unit; the measuring probe includes three parallel pole plates and three coils, and the three parallel pole plates are orthogonal to each other, wherein each parallel pole plate and the coil are one by one. Correspondingly arranged, and the parallel pole plates are arranged in parallel with the corresponding coils; the thickness of each of the parallel pole plates is 2-4mm.
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进:As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
所述电场强度测试单元与所述无线收发单元光纤连接,所述主机与所述无线接收单元光纤连接。The electric field strength testing unit is optically connected to the wireless transceiver unit, and the host is optically connected to the wireless receiving unit.
所述无线收发单元与主机之间无线连接。The wireless transceiver unit is wirelessly connected with the host.
所述测量探头、滤波放大器、AD转换器和处理器均集成于一壳体内。The measuring probe, filter amplifier, AD converter and processor are all integrated in a casing.
所述壳体的底部设有电源光纤入口和光纤接头,所述电源光纤入口用于提供电源接口,所述光纤接头用于与无线收发单元相连。The bottom of the housing is provided with a power optical fiber inlet and an optical fiber connector, the power optical fiber inlet is used for providing a power interface, and the optical fiber connector is used for connecting with the wireless transceiver unit.
所述平行极板包括中间层,所述中间层的上下表面覆盖有铜层。The parallel polar plate includes an intermediate layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate layer are covered with copper layers.
所述中间层为玻纤层。The intermediate layer is a glass fiber layer.
所述铜层厚度为0.1-0.3um。The thickness of the copper layer is 0.1-0.3um.
还包括显示单元,所述显示单元与无线接收单元相连,用于对场强检测结果进行显示。It also includes a display unit, the display unit is connected with the wireless receiving unit, and is used for displaying the detection result of the field strength.
所述电场强度测试单元通过固定架固定在无人机上。The electric field strength testing unit is fixed on the drone through a fixing frame.
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的优点在于:Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present utility model are:
本实用新型将电场强度测试单元固定到无人机上,无人机携带对应的测量探头靠近特高压(输送电压高于200kV)绝缘支架进行测量,安全可靠性高;其中在电场强度测试单元与主机之间增加无线收发单元,从而实现无人机搭载电场强度测试单元针对对特高压(输送电压高于200kV)以上的高压绝缘支柱周边场强的检测数据读取,保证测试的安全可靠性;其中上述电场强度测试单元与无线收发单元光纤连接,从而保证电场强度测试单元数据传输的可靠性,可以避免外部信号对检测信号传输的干扰。The utility model fixes the electric field strength testing unit on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the corresponding measuring probe close to the ultra-high voltage (transmission voltage higher than 200kV) insulating support for measurement, which has high safety and reliability; A wireless transceiver unit is added between the two, so that the electric field strength test unit mounted on the drone can read the detection data of the surrounding field strength of the high-voltage insulating pillar with a transmission voltage above 200kV, so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the test; The above-mentioned electric field strength testing unit is connected with the optical fiber of the wireless transceiver unit, so as to ensure the reliability of data transmission of the electric field strength testing unit, and can avoid the interference of external signals on the transmission of detection signals.
本实用新型针对工频高电压场,将原有的测量探头中的平行极板厚度变更为原来的两倍,感应电压约减小到原来的1/2,量程增加约2倍,可有效满足物高压场的检测。Aiming at the power frequency high voltage field, the utility model changes the thickness of the parallel plate in the original measuring probe to twice the original, the induced voltage is reduced to about 1/2 of the original, and the range is increased by about two times, which can effectively meet the detection of high pressure fields.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型在具体应用时的实施例图。Fig. 1 is the embodiment diagram of the utility model in concrete application.
图2为本实用新型的电场强度测试单元在实施例的方框结构图。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electric field strength testing unit of the present invention in an embodiment.
图3为本实用新型中的电场强度测试单元在实施例的立体结构图。FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an electric field strength testing unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本实用新型中的电场强度测试单元在实施例的底部结构图。FIG. 4 is a bottom structure diagram of the electric field strength testing unit in the embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本实用新型中的测量探头在实施例的结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring probe in an embodiment of the present invention.
图6为本实用新型中测量探头的平行极板在实施例的尺寸示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the dimensions of the parallel polar plates of the measuring probe in the embodiment of the present invention.
图例说明:1、无人机;2、电场强度测试单元;201、测量探头;2011、平行极板;20111、中间层;20112、铜层;2012、线圈;202、滤波放大器;203、AD转换器;204、处理器;205、壳体;206、电源光纤入口;207、电源拨动开关;208、安装孔;209、光纤接头;3、无线收发单元;4、主机;5、无线接收单元。Legend: 1. UAV; 2. Electric field strength test unit; 201, Measuring probe; 2011, Parallel plate; 20111, Intermediate layer; 20112, Copper layer; 2012, Coil; 202, Filter amplifier; 203, AD conversion device; 204, processor; 205, housing; 206, power fiber inlet; 207, power toggle switch; 208, mounting hole; 209, optical fiber connector; 3, wireless transceiver unit; 4, host; 5, wireless receiving unit .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例对本实用新型作进一步描述。The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1所示,本实用新型实施例的基于无人机的电场强度测试装置,包括无人机1、电场强度测试单元2、场强测试主机4、无线收发单元3和无线接收单元5,电场强度测试单元2悬吊于无人机1上;电场强度测试单元2包括测量探头201、滤波放大器202、AD转换器203和处理器204,测量探头201、滤波放大器202、AD转换器203和处理器204依次相连,电场强度测试单元2依次经无线收发单元3、主机4和无线接收单元5相连;测量探头201包括三个平行极板2011和三个线圈2012,三个平行极板2011之间相互正交,其中各平行极板2011与线圈2012一一对应设置,且平行极板2011与对应的线圈2012平行布置;如图5所示,具体地,其中三个平行极板2011分别为XOY面平行极板2011、XOZ面平行极板2011和YOZ面平行极板2011;三个线圈2012分别为XOY面线圈2012、XOZ面线圈2012和YOZ面线圈2012,XOY面平行极板2011与XOY面线圈2012平行,XOZ面平行极板2011与XOZ面线圈2012平行,YOZ面平行极板2011与YOZ面线圈2012平行;其中各平行极板2011的厚度为2-4mm(优选采用3mm)。当平行极板2011进入电场时,通过测量探测平行极板2011的两端电压,从而测定出对应的电场强度。其中电场强度测试单元2与无线收发单元3光纤连接,主机4与无线接收单元5光纤连接,无线收发单元3与主机4之间无线连接。当然,在条件允许的情况下,可以将无线收发单元3与主机4之间通过光纤连接。As shown in Figure 1, the electric field strength testing device based on the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the embodiment of the present utility model comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle 1, an electric field strength testing unit 2, a field strength testing host 4, a
具体地,通过固定架将电场强度测试单元2固定到无人机1上,无人机1携带对应的测量探头201靠近特高压(输送电压高于200kV)绝缘支架,测量探头201检测特高压绝缘支架表面电场,检测数据经滤波放大器202放大后,再经AD转换器203转换成数字信号,再送至处理器204得到对应的电场信号,再经无线接收单元5发送至主机4,主机4再发送至无线接收单元5;其中在电场强度测试单元2与主机4之间增加无线收发单元3,从而实现无人机1搭载电场强度测试单元2针对对特高压(输送电压高于200kV)以上的高压绝缘支柱周边场强的检测数据读取,保证测试的安全可靠性;其中上述电场强度测试单元2与无线收发单元3光纤连接,从而保证电场强度测试单元2数据传输的可靠性,可以避免外部信号对检测信号传输的干扰。Specifically, the electric field strength testing unit 2 is fixed to the UAV 1 through the fixing frame, and the UAV 1 carries the
另外,由于测量电场为工频高电压场,电压最高可达到600kV,根据前期实验测算需要达到检测要求,预估场强最大量程需要达到300kV/m。而目前采用传感器为市场主流量程的传感器,电场强度测量量程为1V/m-100kV/m,因此常规的传感器难以满足测量需求。In addition, since the measured electric field is a power frequency high voltage field, the voltage can reach up to 600kV. According to the previous experimental calculation, it needs to meet the detection requirements, and the maximum range of the estimated field strength needs to reach 300kV/m. At present, the sensor is the mainstream sensor in the market, and the electric field intensity measurement range is 1V/m-100kV/m, so it is difficult for conventional sensors to meet the measurement requirements.
根据测试数据以及公式推算,可以计算出在当输入电压为600kV时,感应电压为17.625VRMS,大约为48Vpp,因此拓宽量程必须对信号进行衰减。根据场强公式E=U/d,将上述测量探头201中的平行极板2011从原来的为80mm*80mm*1.5mm修改为80mm*80mm*3mm,如图6所示。其中上述平行极板2011的厚度与量程存在非线性关系,平行极板2011厚度由之前的1.5mm变更为3mm,感应电压约减小到原来的1/2,量程增加约2倍,可有效满足物高压场的检测。According to the test data and formula calculation, it can be calculated that when the input voltage is 600kV, the induced voltage is 17.625VRMS, which is about 48Vpp, so the signal must be attenuated to widen the range. According to the field strength formula E=U/d, the parallel polar plate 2011 in the above-mentioned
如图3和图4所示,在一具体实施例中,测量探头201、滤波放大器202、AD转换器203和处理器204均集成于一壳体205内。其中壳体205的底部设有电源光纤入口206、光纤接头209(包括TX和RX)、安装孔208和电源拨动开关207。其中电源光纤入口206用于提供电源接口,光纤接头209通过光纤连接无线收发单元3。上述安装孔208通过自带的螺纹连接到无人机1上的固定架上。具体地,平行极板2011包括中间层20111(玻纤层RF-4),中间层20111的上下表面覆盖有铜层20112,铜层20112厚度为0.1-0.3um,优选为0.2um。As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , in a specific embodiment, the
在一具体实施例中,还包括显示单元(如显示终端),显示单元与无线接收单元5相连,用于对场强检测结果进行显示。In a specific embodiment, a display unit (such as a display terminal) is also included, and the display unit is connected to the
测试说明:在将本装置放入匀强电场中,通过调压器调整输入到升压器的电压值,记录不同电压不同距离下的场强分布值。经过测试,本装置在0m与100m之间的场强测试数据基本一致,表明本装置无线收发距离可达100m。输入电压1-30kV,探头与变压瓷瓶间距10-50cm,电场强度测试显示正常,满足要求。本装置改造优化后,其场强测试值与真实值发生偏移,需加入校验系数。测试表明场强测试数据校验系数为1.85,即E真实值=E测试值*1.85,最终输出显示值。在高电压场,电场强度测试单元2与主机4可以保持良好的无线传输性能;感应的电场强度随输入电压的升高而增大;感应的电场强度随被测信号源的距离增大而减小。本实用新型的无线传输距离、传感器量程、场强测试数据准确性均可达到预期目标。Test description: Put the device into a uniform electric field, adjust the voltage value input to the booster through the voltage regulator, and record the field strength distribution value under different voltages and different distances. After testing, the field strength test data of the device between 0m and 100m are basically the same, indicating that the wireless transceiver distance of the device can reach 100m. The input voltage is 1-30kV, the distance between the probe and the transformer bottle is 10-50cm, and the electric field strength test shows that it is normal and meets the requirements. After the modification and optimization of the device, the field strength test value deviates from the real value, and a calibration coefficient needs to be added. The test shows that the calibration coefficient of the field strength test data is 1.85, that is, the true value of E = the test value of E * 1.85, and the final output display value. In the high voltage field, the electric field strength test unit 2 and the host 4 can maintain good wireless transmission performance; the induced electric field strength increases with the increase of the input voltage; the induced electric field strength decreases with the increase of the distance from the measured signal source. Small. The wireless transmission distance, the sensor range and the accuracy of the field strength test data of the utility model can all achieve the expected goals.
以上仅是本实用新型的优选实施方式,本实用新型的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例,凡属于本实用新型思路下的技术方案均属于本实用新型的保护范围。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型原理前提下的若干改进和润饰,应视为本实用新型的保护范围。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions under the idea of the present utility model belong to the protection scope of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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