CN216881879U - Multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device which comprises an amplitude transformer, a cutter and at least two ultrasonic vibrators, wherein the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are respectively arranged at the outer circumference of the upper end of the amplitude transformer, the axes of the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are both positioned on the same plane vertical to the axis of the amplitude transformer, the cutter is arranged at the lower end of the amplitude transformer and used for machining a workpiece, the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are used for generating longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, and the amplitude transformer is used for converting the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the at least two ultrasonic vibrators into torsional ultrasonic vibration and amplifying the torsional ultrasonic vibration in proportion. The utility model can realize large torsion amplitude output, is convenient for replacing different cutters and is suitable for the rotary ultrasonic processing of hard and brittle materials and composite materials.

Description

Multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of rotary ultrasonic vibration processing, in particular to a multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device.

Background

In the existing ultrasonic processing, longitudinal ultrasonic vibration is generally adopted, the axial impact force is large, and the problems of burrs, edge breakage, microcracks and the like in the processing of hard and brittle materials are easily caused. Researches show that the vibration direction of the ultrasonic torsional vibration is the circumferential direction of the cutter, so that the milling processing of hard and brittle materials and composite laminated materials, the drilling processing of precise holes and the like are facilitated, the cutting force is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, the surface damage is reduced, the processed surface roughness is improved, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

At present, two methods are mainly used for realizing torsional vibration by the transducer: firstly, the piezoelectric ceramic piece is polarized along the tangential direction, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece polarized along the tangential direction directly generates torsional ultrasonic vibration, but the method has the disadvantages of complex process, large processing difficulty and high rejection rate, and the prepared tangential polarization piezoelectric ceramic piece has small power capacity and large torsional moment loss, so that the torsional ultrasonic vibration output with high power and large amplitude is difficult to realize; secondly, the amplitude transformer adopts special structural design, such as an inclined groove type, a spiral groove type and a mortise and tenon type, so that when longitudinal waves generated by the transducer are obliquely incident into the groove, torsional vibration is generated, but the inclined grooves can only convert part of longitudinal vibration into torsional vibration, and the torsional vibration is transmitted in the solid amplitude transformer, energy loss is caused due to friction among internal materials, and the final torsional component is very small.

The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the concept and technical solution of the present invention and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device which can realize large torsional amplitude output, is convenient for replacing different cutters and is suitable for rotary ultrasonic processing of hard and brittle materials and composite materials.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model discloses a multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device which comprises an amplitude transformer, a cutter and at least two ultrasonic vibrators, wherein the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are respectively arranged at the outer circumference of the upper end of the amplitude transformer, the axes of the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are both positioned on the same plane vertical to the axis of the amplitude transformer, the cutter is arranged at the lower end of the amplitude transformer and used for machining a workpiece, the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are used for generating longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, and the amplitude transformer is used for converting the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the at least two ultrasonic vibrators into torsional ultrasonic vibration and amplifying the torsional ultrasonic vibration in proportion.

Preferably, at least two concave parts are arranged at the outer circumference of the upper end of the amplitude transformer, the bottom of each concave part is a plane, the plane is parallel to the axis of the amplitude transformer, a fixing hole is vertically arranged on the plane, the axis of the fixing hole does not intersect with the axis of the amplitude transformer, and the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are respectively installed in the fixing holes of the concave parts in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

Preferably, the ultrasonic vibrator includes back shroud, fastener, a plurality of electrode slice and a plurality of piezoceramics piece, a plurality of electrode slices with a plurality of piezoceramics piece are fixed in along axial NULL between the back shroud with the amplitude transformer, and every adjacent two the polarization direction of piezoceramics piece is opposite, the fastener passes back shroud, a plurality of electrode slices with a plurality of piezoceramics piece after-fixing in be equipped with on the plane of the bottom of depressed part in the fixed orifices, the electrode slice is used for being connected with electric energy transmission system circuit.

Preferably, the number of the electrode plates is equal to that of the piezoelectric ceramic plates and is even, and the electrode plate material is a copper sheet or a silver-plated copper sheet.

Preferably, the outer circumference of the middle part of the amplitude transformer is provided with a mounting flange, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the mounting flange are respectively provided with at least one annular groove.

Preferably, the annular grooves arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the mounting flange are staggered with each other, and the depth of the annular groove is greater than or equal to half of the thickness of the mounting flange.

Preferably, the mounting flange is provided with a plurality of through grooves in the radial direction.

Preferably, the number of the through grooves is greater than or equal to 4.

Preferably, the cutter is fixedly connected to the lower end of the amplitude transformer through a chuck and a pressing cap, an external thread matched with the pressing cap is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the amplitude transformer, a taper hole for mounting the chuck is formed in the lower port of the amplitude transformer, one end of the cutter is arranged in the chuck of the taper hole in a penetrating mode, and the pressing cap is screwed on the external thread at the lower end of the amplitude transformer to lock one end of the cutter at the lower end of the amplitude transformer.

Preferably, the cutter is fixedly connected to the lower end of the horn through hot fitting or cold fitting.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: according to the multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device, the plurality of horizontally distributed ultrasonic vibrators are arranged on the outer circumference of the upper end of the amplitude transformer, so that the inherent torsional mode of the amplitude transformer is excited through the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration (the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration refers to the axial direction of the ultrasonic vibrators), and the torsional ultrasonic vibration acts on the cutter, so that the rotary ultrasonic processing of hard and brittle materials and composite materials is realized, the cutting force is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

In a further scheme, the mounting flange is provided with an annular groove, so that a vibration reduction effect can be achieved, and the phenomenon that trace longitudinal ultrasonic vibration possibly generated in practical application is transmitted to a machine tool spindle through a tool shank is avoided; furthermore, the mounting flange is provided with a plurality of radial through grooves, so that the transmission of torsional vibration can be promoted, and the transmission of torsional vibration is prevented from being inhibited when fixed constraint is applied to the flange.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural view of a multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3a is a front view of the horn of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3b is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 3 a;

FIG. 3c is a top view of the horn of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic transducer of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a structural view of a multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model or its application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, the connection may be for either a fixed function or a circuit/signal communication function.

It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be in any way limiting of the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration apparatus disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators 1 for generating torsional excitation, a horn 2 having a suitable torsional mode and capable of amplifying ultrasonic vibration in proportion, and a tool 3 for machining a workpiece, wherein the number of the ultrasonic vibrators in the present embodiment is three (in some other embodiments, the number of the ultrasonic vibrators is greater than or equal to 2), and the ultrasonic vibrators are horizontally and uniformly fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the horn 2 (that is, the three ultrasonic vibrators 1 are uniformly mounted on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the horn 2, and the axes of the three ultrasonic vibrators 1 are all located on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the horn 2), and the lower end of the horn 2 is fixedly connected to the tool 3.

With reference to fig. 3a and 3b, three recesses 21 equal to the number of the ultrasonic vibrators 1 are provided at the outer circumference of the upper end of the horn 2, and the bottom of the recess 21 is a plane 211 for mounting the ultrasonic vibrators 1; the plane is parallel to the axis of the amplitude transformer 2, and a fixing hole 212 is vertically arranged on the plane, the axis of the fixing hole 212 does not intersect with the axis of the amplitude transformer 2, wherein the three ultrasonic vibrators 1 are respectively installed in the fixing holes 212 of the concave part 21 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; so that the amplitude transformer 2 can convert the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the three ultrasonic vibrators 1 into torsional ultrasonic vibration and amplify the torsional ultrasonic vibration in proportion.

As shown in fig. 4, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 includes a back cover plate 11, a fastening member 12, a plurality of electrode pads 13, and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates 14, the plurality of electrode pads 13 and the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates 14 are alternately arranged and fixed between the back cover plate 11 and the horn 2 along an axial direction, polarization directions of every two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic plates 14 are opposite, the fastening member 12 is fixed on the horn 2 after passing through the back cover plate 11, the plurality of electrode pads 13, and the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates 14, and the electrode pads 13 are connected with an electric power transmission system circuit. With such a structural arrangement, the assembly is very simple in a parallel circuit of the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates 14. In practical application, it is necessary to ensure close contact between the electrode plates 13, the piezoelectric ceramic plates 14 and the horn 2 during assembly. In the present embodiment, the number of the electrode pads 13 is equal to or even than that of the piezoelectric ceramic pieces 14, and since the polarization directions of each two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic pieces 14 are opposite, the polarities of the electrodes connected to the back cover plate 11 and the horn 2 can be the same. The fixing hole 212 is a threaded hole matched with the fastener 12, and the three ultrasonic vibrators 1 are respectively mounted in the threaded holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

With reference to fig. 3a and 3c, in the present embodiment, a mounting flange 22 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the central portion of the horn 2, and at least one annular groove 221 is disposed on each of the upper and lower end surfaces of the mounting flange 22 (where the annular grooves 221 disposed on the upper and lower end surfaces are staggered to form a cross structure). Further, the depth of the annular groove 221 is greater than or equal to half the thickness of the mounting flange 22. In addition, the mounting flange 22 is uniformly provided with a plurality of through grooves 222 in the radial direction, and under the condition that the rigidity of the mounting flange 22 is not affected, the number of the through grooves 222 in the radial direction should be as large as possible, and preferably more than 4 through grooves 222 are provided, for example, 10 through grooves 222 are provided in the embodiment.

In practical application, the lower end of the cutter 3 is an antinode in an ultrasonic torsional resonance mode, the torsional amplitude is the largest, the mounting flange 22 is a node in the ultrasonic torsional resonance mode, the ideal amplitude is 0, and the annular groove 221 can play a role in longitudinal vibration reduction, so that trace longitudinal ultrasonic vibration (the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration refers to the axial direction along the amplitude transformer) which is possibly generated in practical application is prevented from being transmitted to a machine tool spindle through the cutter handle; the radial through slots 222 may facilitate the transmission of torsional vibrations, thereby avoiding the transmission of torsional vibrations being dampened when a fixed constraint is applied at the flange 22.

The cutter 3 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2 through the chuck 4 and the pressure cap 5, an external thread 23 matched with the pressure cap 4 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2, a taper hole 24 used for installing the chuck is arranged inside the lower port of the amplitude transformer 2, one end of the cutter 3 penetrates through the chuck 4 installed in the taper hole 24, and is screwed on the external thread 23 at the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2 through the pressure cap 5, so that one end of the cutter 3 is locked at the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2. By adopting the structure, the cutter 3 is fixed at the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2 through the chuck 4 and the pressing cap 5, the assembly is very convenient, wherein the chuck 4 can be an ER spring chuck, an SK chuck and the like which are common in the market, and the machining cutters 3 with different diameters can be conveniently replaced.

The working principle of the multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of the embodiment is as follows: the ultrasonic vibrators 1 generate longitudinal ultrasonic vibration (the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration is along the axial direction of the ultrasonic vibrators 1), the three ultrasonic vibrators 1 are uniformly fixed at the outer circumference of the upper end of the amplitude transformer 2, the vibration is superposed into excitation in the circumferential direction, so that the amplitude transformer 2 vibrates in an inherent torsional mode, the torsional ultrasonic vibration is output from the lower end of the amplitude transformer 2 and acts on the cutter 3, drilling and milling processing of hard and brittle workpieces is realized, cutting force is reduced, processing efficiency is improved, surface damage is reduced, and meanwhile, different cutters 3 are convenient to replace.

In the embodiment, the plurality of ultrasonic vibrators are uniformly arranged on the same horizontal plane of the outer circumference of the amplitude transformer, so that the uniform quality can be ensured when the processing system is subsequently arranged in the cutter handle shell for rotary motion, the centrifugal force cannot be generated during rotation, the stable conversion of the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the plurality of ultrasonic vibrators into the torsional vibration is realized, and the ultrasonic vibration processing device is suitable for plane milling processing, and is particularly suitable for difficult-to-process metal materials such as titanium alloy, high-temperature alloy and the like. The flange structure can ensure that the torsional vibration can be effectively output.

As shown in fig. 5, the multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration apparatus disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention is provided, in which the cutter 3 is fixedly attached to the lower end of the horn 2 by hot-fitting or cold-fitting. The only difference from the first embodiment is that in the present embodiment, the horn 2 is attached to the cutter 3 by shrink fitting, while the first embodiment is attached to the press cap 5 by the collet 4.

The background of the utility model may contain background information related to the problem or environment of the present invention rather than the prior art described by others. Accordingly, the inclusion in the background section is not an admission of prior art by the applicant.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the utility model in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the utility model to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the utility model, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the utility model. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device is characterized by comprising an amplitude transformer, a cutter and at least two ultrasonic vibrators, wherein the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are respectively arranged at the outer circumference of the upper end of the amplitude transformer, the axes of the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are both positioned on the same plane vertical to the axis of the amplitude transformer, the cutter is arranged at the lower end of the amplitude transformer and used for machining a workpiece, the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are used for generating longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, and the amplitude transformer is used for converting the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration generated by the at least two ultrasonic vibrators into torsional ultrasonic vibration and amplifying the torsional ultrasonic vibration in proportion.

2. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of claim 1, wherein at least two recesses are provided at an outer circumference of an upper end of the horn, a bottom of the recess is a plane parallel to an axis of the horn, and a fixing hole is vertically provided on the plane, an axis of the fixing hole does not intersect with the axis of the horn, wherein the at least two ultrasonic vibrators are respectively mounted in the fixing holes of the recesses in one-to-one correspondence.

3. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic vibrator comprises a back cover plate, a fastening member, a plurality of electrode plates and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates, the plurality of electrode plates and the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates are axially and alternately arranged and fixed between the back cover plate and the horn, polarization directions of every two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic plates are opposite, the fastening member passes through the back cover plate, the plurality of electrode plates and the plurality of piezoelectric ceramic plates and then is fixed in the fixing hole formed in the plane of the bottom of the recess, and the electrode plates are used for being electrically connected with an electric energy transmission system.

4. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of claim 3, wherein the number of the electrode pieces is equal to and even than that of the piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and the electrode piece material is a copper sheet or a silver-plated copper sheet.

5. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of claim 1, wherein a mounting flange is provided at an outer circumference of a middle portion of the horn, and at least one annular groove is provided on each of upper and lower end surfaces of the mounting flange.

6. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of claim 5, wherein the annular grooves formed in the upper and lower end surfaces of the mounting flange are staggered with respect to each other, and the depth of the annular grooves is greater than or equal to half the thickness of the mounting flange.

7. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of claim 5 wherein the mounting flange is provided with a plurality of through slots in a radial direction.

8. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of claim 7, wherein the number of the through slots is 4 or more.

9. The multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cutter is fixedly connected to the lower end of the horn through a chuck and a pressing cap, an external thread matched with the pressing cap is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the lower end of the horn, a taper hole for mounting the chuck is arranged inside the lower port of the horn, one end of the cutter is arranged in the chuck arranged in the taper hole in a penetrating manner, and the cutter is screwed on the external thread at the lower end of the horn through the pressing cap so as to lock one end of the cutter to the lower end of the horn.

10. A multi-excitation torsional ultrasonic vibration device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the cutter is fixedly attached to the lower end of the horn by hot or cold fitting.

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