CN216881746U

CN216881746U - Syllogic main shaft

Info

Publication number: CN216881746U
Application number: CN202220447267.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 弓清忠; 李治国; 蔡丹儿; 王晓晔; 杨猷建; 彭烽
Original assignee: Jimei University
Current assignee: Jimei University
Priority date: 2022-03-02
Filing date: 2022-03-02
Publication date: 2022-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-02

Abstract

The utility model relates to a three-section type main shaft, which comprises a main shaft sleeve, wherein a main shaft stator and a main shaft rotor are arranged in the main shaft sleeve; the front end and the rear end of the main shaft sleeve are respectively provided with a front end component and a rear end component; the front end assembly comprises a front end sleeve and a front flange which are sleeved on the main shaft assembly; the front end sleeve is fixed at the front end of the main shaft sleeve and forms a front bearing cavity; the main shaft component is provided with a front bearing in a position corresponding to the front bearing cavity; the front flange is fixed on one side of the front end sleeve, which deviates from the main shaft sleeve; the rear end assembly comprises a rear supporting sleeve which is arranged at the rear end of the main shaft sleeve and forms a rear bearing cavity; the main shaft assembly is also provided with a rear bearing in a detachable way at the position corresponding to the rear bearing cavity. The front end bearing can be maintained and replaced by disassembling the front flange, and the problems that an existing machine tool spindle is complex in bearing mounting structure disassembly and assembly and high in operation difficulty are solved.

Description

Syllogic main shaft

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of key parts of machine tools, and particularly relates to a main body external structure three-section type main shaft convenient to maintain, maintain and replace.

Background

The electric spindle is one of the most main core components of a high-end machine tool, the spindle comprises a spindle core assembly, the spindle core assembly is supported on a spindle sleeve assembly through a front bearing assembly and a rear bearing assembly, and the spindle core assembly comprises a spindle core, a rotor, a pull rod assembly and a chuck; the front bearing assembly and the rear bearing assembly respectively comprise a front bearing seat, a rear bearing seat, a front bearing seat, a rear bearing seat and a bearing pre-tightening component, the bearings of the electric spindle have the working conditions of large friction force, large stress change, vibration and the like under the action of dust, high temperature, high humidity, high-speed operation and high load, the conditions are complex, the electric spindle is a weak link of a spindle system, the frequency of maintenance is high, and the bearings which are abraded too much can even cause the systematic precision loss of the spindle to fail. .

However, the front and rear bearing sets, the position between the spindle sleeve and the shaft center, need to install the spindle stator and the spindle rotor, the spindle sleeve and the spindle stator, the spindle rotor and the shaft center are installed in an interference fit manner, and are pre-tightened by the bearings to ensure the rotation precision. The existing electric main shaft structure adopts two-section or integral type, and in the using process, once the problems of failure and the like occur, only the shaft center (comprising a bearing, a stator and the like) can be replaced, or the whole main shaft needs to be detached and sent to a main shaft manufacturer for maintenance. Even in such a case, in maintenance and other operations, the spindle axis and the rotor need to be separated, and the operation is complicated and the structure of the axis, the spindle rotor and the like is easily damaged, which results in complicated spindle maintenance and high difficulty.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a three-section type main shaft, which solves the problems of high maintenance cost, long period, complex bearing disassembly and assembly, difficult field replacement and high replacement cost of the conventional machine tool electric main shaft.

The specific scheme is as follows: a three-section type main shaft comprises a main shaft sleeve, wherein a main shaft stator and a main shaft rotor are arranged in the main shaft sleeve; the front end and the rear end of the main shaft sleeve are respectively provided with a front end component and a rear end component; the front end assembly comprises a front end sleeve and a front flange which are sleeved on the main shaft assembly; the front end sleeve is fixed at the front end of the main shaft sleeve and forms a front bearing cavity; the main shaft component is provided with a front bearing in a position corresponding to the front bearing cavity; the front flange is fixed on one side of the front end sleeve, which deviates from the main shaft sleeve, and seals the front bearing cavity so as to fix the front bearing; the rear end assembly comprises a rear support sleeve which is arranged at the rear end of the main shaft sleeve and forms a rear bearing cavity; the main shaft assembly is also provided with a rear bearing in a detachable mode at the position corresponding to the rear bearing cavity.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the main shaft assembly further comprises a front locking nut, the front locking nut is arranged on one side, deviating from the front end sleeve, of the front flange, penetrates through the front flange and abuts against the front bearing, and therefore the front bearing can be detachably mounted.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: one side of the front flange, which deviates from the front end sleeve, is also provided with a sealing convex ring, the front locking nut is provided with a cover part covering the sealing convex ring, and the front locking nut and the cover part are matched to form a sealing structure.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the front end sleeve is provided with a connecting flange towards one side of the main shaft sleeve, a front end groove is arranged on the main shaft sleeve and corresponds to the connecting flange, and the connecting flange is embedded in the front end groove and is detachably connected with the front end groove.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the end face of the connecting flange is also provided with a positioning convex ring, and the positioning convex ring is inserted into the spindle sleeve and is in shaft hole over-fit with the inner wall of the spindle sleeve.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the front bearing cavity of the front end sleeve is an opening at one side deviating from the main shaft sleeve, and the bottom of the front bearing cavity is provided with a limiting structure; the front flange and the limiting structure are abutted against two sides of the front bearing so as to fix an outer ring of the front bearing.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the rear supporting sleeve is detachably connected with the main shaft sleeve; the rear bearing cavity is provided with an opening facing the direction of the main shaft sleeve for the rear bearing to pass through.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the rear bearing is detachably arranged on the main shaft assembly through two positioning structures on the main shaft assembly.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the main shaft assembly corresponds to the rear end assembly, and the outer diameter of the main shaft assembly is smaller than the inner diameter of a main shaft stator.

The further technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the spindle assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a pull rod assembly is arranged in the rotating shaft, and two ends of the pull rod assembly are respectively connected with a tool shank joint and an oil cylinder; the spindle rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is in interference fit with the spindle stator.

Has the advantages that:

the utility model relates to a three-section type main shaft, which comprises a main shaft sleeve, wherein a main shaft stator and a main shaft rotor are arranged in the main shaft sleeve; the front end and the rear end of the main shaft sleeve are respectively provided with a front end component and a rear end component; the front end assembly comprises a front end sleeve and a front flange which are sleeved on the main shaft assembly; the front end sleeve is fixed at the front end of the main shaft sleeve and forms a front bearing cavity; the main shaft component is provided with a front bearing in a position corresponding to the front bearing cavity; the front flange is fixed on one side of the front end sleeve, which deviates from the main shaft sleeve; the rear end assembly comprises a rear support sleeve which is arranged at the rear end of the main shaft sleeve and forms a rear bearing cavity; the main shaft assembly is also provided with a rear bearing in a detachable mode at the position corresponding to the rear bearing cavity. The front end bearing can be maintained and replaced by disassembling the front flange, and the problems that an existing machine tool spindle is complex in bearing mounting structure disassembly and assembly and high in operation difficulty are solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a schematic of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 shows an exploded view of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the various embodiments, the utility model provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate still other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention with reference to these figures. Elements in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to indicate like elements.

The utility model will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment provides a three-stage spindle, which includes a spindle sleeve 3, a spindle stator 1 and a spindle rotor 2 are disposed in the spindle sleeve 3, and a spindle assembly 10 is disposed in the spindle rotor 2, and two ends of the spindle assembly respectively protrude out of front and rear ends of the spindle sleeve 3.

In this embodiment, the spindle stator 1 and the spindle rotor 2 of the three-section spindle cooperate to form a sliding bearing, the spindle stator 1 is installed on the spindle sleeve 3 in an interference fit manner, and the spindle rotor is sleeved on the spindle assembly 10 in an interference fit manner, so as to realize a rotation supporting function for the spindle assembly 10 and ensure the rotation precision thereof.

The front end is defined as one end for mounting the tool bit, and the front end and the rear end of the main shaft sleeve 3 are respectively provided with a detachable front end assembly and a detachable rear end assembly, which are respectively used for supporting and mounting a front bearing and a rear bearing, so as to realize the rotary support of the front end and the rear end of the main shaft assembly 10.

This front end subassembly is including the front end cover 4, the front flange 5 and the preceding lock nut 6 of establishing main shaft assembly 10 front end in proper order cover:

the front end sleeve 4 is fixed to the front end of the main shaft sleeve 3 and forms a front bearing cavity for mounting and supporting a front bearing 13. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the positioning accuracy of the front end cover 4, the front end cover 4 and the spindle sleeve 3 are in shaft hole interference fit, and preferably, high-accuracy shaft hole fit is realized with reference to the inner wall surface of the spindle sleeve 3.

Specifically, a connecting flange 41 is disposed on a side of the front end sleeve 4 facing the main shaft sleeve 3, a front end groove 31 is disposed on the main shaft sleeve 3 corresponding to the connecting flange 41, and the connecting flange 41 is embedded in the front end groove 31 and detachably connected to the front end groove 31, in this embodiment, it is a bolt connection. The connecting flange structure realizes the control of the end face matching precision, and the connecting flange 41 and the front end groove 31 are of plane matching structures, so that the matching precision and axial stress support are ensured.

The end face of the connecting flange 41 is further provided with a protruding positioning convex ring 42, and the positioning convex ring 42 is inserted into the spindle sleeve 3 and is in interference fit with the inner wall of the spindle sleeve 3 through a shaft hole. In the structure, the inner wall of the main shaft sleeve 3 is used as a reference hole structure, and the outer wall of the positioning convex ring 42 is used as a matched shaft structure, so that the positioning of the axial precision is realized, and the main shaft sleeve 3 and the front end sleeve 4 achieve the same precision of integrated processing.

In this embodiment, further, the front end groove 31 is a groove provided on the connecting flange of the spindle sleeve 3, and this structure realizes that the front end sleeve 4 and the spindle sleeve 3 are synchronously fixed on the flange structure of the machine tool, further ensures the fixing strength of the front end sleeve 4, provides sufficient machining rigidity and supporting force for machining, and has better machining stability; meanwhile, the front end groove 31 and the connecting flange 41 are also in a shaft hole matching structure, and in the respective part processing, the processing of two shafts and two holes is completed by one station, so that the synchronous matching of two groups of shaft holes is realized, the positioning precision is better, and the connection stability is high.

The main shaft assembly 10 is sleeved with the front bearing 13 at a position corresponding to the front bearing cavity; the front bearing cavity of the front end sleeve 4 is an opening at one side deviating from the main shaft sleeve, and the bottom of the front bearing cavity is provided with a convex ring-shaped limiting structure; the front flange 5 and the limiting structure respectively abut against two sides of the outer ring of the front bearing 13 to fix the outer ring of the front bearing.

The front flange 5 is fixed on one side of the front end sleeve 4 deviating from the main shaft sleeve, and seals the front bearing cavity, so that the front bearing 13 is fixedly installed. Meanwhile, a limit convex ring is also arranged on the main shaft assembly 10 corresponding to the rear end position of the inner ring of the front bearing 13; and the front locking nut 6 is arranged on one side of the front flange 5, which is far away from the front end sleeve 4, is arranged on the main shaft assembly 10, penetrates through the front flange 5 and abuts against the inner ring of the front bearing 13, so that the front bearing 13 can be detachably arranged relative to the main shaft assembly 10.

Further, the inner and outer rings of the front bearing 13 are fixedly supported, so that the spindle assembly 10 is axially preloaded by the bearing, and the rotational accuracy is ensured.

1. This front end housing 4's front bearing chamber is for deviating from one side opening of this main shaft sleeve towards, maintains the change in-process, only needs to disassemble front flange 5, can accomplish the front end dismouting of main shaft assembly 10 to and front bearing 13's maintenance, avoided disassembling the cooperation structure of main shaft stator 1 and main shaft rotor 2 of high accuracy, reduce and maintain the degree of difficulty, improve main shaft life. As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the side of the front flange 5 facing away from the front end sleeve 4 is also provided with a sealing convex ring, and the front lock nut 6 is provided with a cover part covering the sealing convex ring, and the sealing convex ring and the front lock nut cooperate to form a sealing structure, so that the dustproof and pollution-proof effects on the front bearing 13 are achieved.

The position of the front flange 5 on the main shaft assembly 10 is also sleeved with a front locking nut 6, the front locking nut 6 is detachably fixed on the main shaft assembly, the front bearing 13 moving coil is abutted and fixed, and the bearing is locked on the main shaft assembly 10. Similarly, the rear end assembly comprises a rear supporting sleeve 7, the rear supporting sleeve 7 is arranged at the rear end of the main shaft sleeve 3 and is matched with the main shaft sleeve 3 through a shaft hole to realize the rotary support of the rear end of the main shaft assembly 10; in order to facilitate the disassembly of the spindle assembly 10, a rear bearing cavity with two through ends is arranged on the rear supporting sleeve 7 for the axial passage of the rear bearing 14; similarly, the spindle assembly 10 is provided with a rear bearing at a position corresponding to the rear bearing cavity. The rear bearing 14 can also axially and slightly move in a rear bearing cavity to release thermal deformation stress, and meanwhile, the maintenance of the rear bearing 14 can be realized by removing the rear supporting sleeve 7, so that the disassembly of a spindle rotor and a spindle stator is avoided, and the operation convenience is greatly improved; preferably, the spindle assembly 10 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the spindle stator 1 corresponding to the position of the rear end assembly, so as to facilitate the assembly and disassembly maintenance of the spindle rotor 2 and the spindle assembly 10.

In this embodiment, the rear bearing 14 is removably mounted to the spindle assembly as a retaining structure by means of two retaining nuts on the spindle assembly, to be mounted as an integral unit with the spindle assembly 10.

In this embodiment, the spindle assembly includes a hollow rotating shaft, a pull rod assembly is disposed in the rotating shaft, and two ends of the pull rod assembly are respectively connected to a tool holder joint of the tool holder 11 and the oil cylinder 12; the oil cylinder 12 is mounted on the rear support sleeve 7 through the rear sleeve 8 and the rear end cover 9. The spindle rotor 2 is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and oil film lubrication is formed between the spindle rotor and the spindle stator, so that the axial rotation precision is ensured in a plane bearing mode.

While the utility model has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-section type main shaft comprises a main shaft sleeve, wherein a main shaft stator and a main shaft rotor are arranged in the main shaft sleeve; the front end assembly and the rear end assembly are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the main shaft sleeve;

the front end assembly comprises a front end sleeve and a front flange which are sleeved on the main shaft assembly; the front end sleeve is fixed at the front end of the main shaft sleeve and forms a front bearing cavity; the main shaft component is provided with a front bearing in a position corresponding to the front bearing cavity;

the front flange is fixed on one side of the front end sleeve, which deviates from the main shaft sleeve, and seals the front bearing cavity so as to fix the front bearing;

the rear end assembly comprises a rear support sleeve which is arranged at the rear end of the main shaft sleeve and forms a rear bearing cavity; the main shaft assembly is also provided with a rear bearing in a detachable mode at the position corresponding to the rear bearing cavity.

2. The three-section spindle of claim 1, wherein: the main shaft assembly further comprises a front locking nut, the front locking nut is arranged on one side, deviating from the front end sleeve, of the front flange, penetrates through the front flange and abuts against the front bearing, and therefore the front bearing can be detachably mounted.

3. The three-section spindle of claim 1, wherein: one side of the front flange, which deviates from the front end sleeve, is also provided with a sealing convex ring, the front locking nut is provided with a cover part covering the sealing convex ring, and the front locking nut and the cover part are matched to form a sealing structure.

4. The three-section spindle of claim 1, wherein: the front end sleeve is provided with a connecting flange towards one side of the main shaft sleeve, a front end groove is arranged on the main shaft sleeve and corresponds to the connecting flange, and the connecting flange is embedded in the front end groove and is detachably connected with the front end groove.

5. The three-section spindle of claim 4, wherein: the end face of the connecting flange is also provided with a positioning convex ring, and the positioning convex ring is inserted into the spindle sleeve and is in shaft hole over-fit with the inner wall of the spindle sleeve.

6. The three-section spindle of claim 1, wherein: the front bearing cavity of the front end sleeve is an opening at one side deviating from the main shaft sleeve, and the bottom of the front bearing cavity is provided with a limiting structure; the front flange and the limiting structure are abutted against two sides of the front bearing so as to fix an outer ring of the front bearing.

7. The three-section spindle of claim 1, wherein: the rear supporting sleeve is detachably connected with the main shaft sleeve; the rear bearing cavity is provided with an opening facing the direction of the main shaft sleeve for the rear bearing to pass through.

8. The three-section spindle of claim 7, wherein: the rear bearing is detachably arranged on the main shaft assembly through two positioning structures on the main shaft assembly.

9. A three-part spindle according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in which:

the main shaft assembly corresponds to the rear end assembly, and the outer diameter of the main shaft assembly is smaller than the inner diameter of a main shaft stator.

10. A three-part spindle according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in which: the spindle assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a pull rod assembly is arranged in the rotating shaft, and two ends of the pull rod assembly are respectively connected with a tool shank joint and an oil cylinder;

the spindle rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is in interference fit with the spindle stator.