CN216824395U - Hardware structure of double-level household breathing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hardware structure of a double-level household respirator, belonging to the technical field of respirators. Comprises a power supply driving part, a host control part and a humidifier control part; the power driving part comprises a power circuit and a power driving circuit; the host control part is based on a microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 and comprises a liquid crystal display module, a data storage module, a key detection module, a data communication module, a buzzer alarm module, a pressure measurement module, a flow measurement module, an upper computer communication module, an external motor, a honeycomb throttling device and a humidifier; the humidifier control part comprises an indicator light control circuit and a heating circuit; the microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 controls the motor speed through the motor driving circuit to generate continuous positive airway pressure required by treatment. The novel embedded microcontroller has excellent calculation processing capacity, can quickly process data acquired in the working process of the breathing machine, and accurately controls each breathing state in the using process of the breathing machine.

Description

Hardware structure of double-level household breathing machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hardware structure of a bi-level household respirator, belonging to the technical field of respirators.

Background

The bi-level household respirator, also called as a bi-level positive airway Pressure Ventilator (BiPAP respirator 2 for short), is the most applied respirator for non-invasive mask (nose) mechanical ventilation at present, and is widely applied to the treatment of acute and chronic respiratory failure symptoms caused by OSAHS and various extrapulmonary diseases in the lung.

The double-level household respirator has a single-level pressure mode and a double-level pressure mode, and a patient can make corresponding selections according to specific symptoms. The specific working mode is as follows:

(1) CPAP (continuous Positive Airway Pressure, CPAP for short), which is a continuous Positive Airway Pressure mode, belongs to a single level Pressure mode. The CPAP mode has no trigger and switching, the human body freely breathes, the pressure is controlled to be constant pressure, the same airway pressure is provided in the inspiration phase and the expiration phase, and the patient is helped to open the airway. The mode is mainly suitable for patients suffering from OSAHS and strong spontaneous respiration, and is a non-invasive mode which is commonly used. The household ventilator can help the patient to improve the airway compliance with slight assistance, reduce the inspiratory power consumption and maintain the airway in an open state.

(2) AUTO CPAP, full automatic CPAP mode, belongs to single level pressure mode. In the AUTO CPAP mode, in addition to providing a constant continuous positive airway pressure during the inspiratory and expiratory phases, the ventilator can detect whether a patient has hypopnea and apnea events, and adjust for different respiratory events, automatically adjust the pressure within a preset pressure range, and improve the breathing condition of the patient. This mode is the best choice for patients with severe apnea.

3) The s (frontoeous) mode, i.e., the autonomous triggering mode, belongs to the bi-level pressure mode. The home ventilator can provide a higher level of positive inspiratory IPAP and a lower level of positive expiratory pressure EPAP, and the spontaneous breathing action of the patient determines the breathing frequency and the inspiratory-expiratory ratio. In the S mode, the breathing machine needs to accurately detect the autonomous respiration action of the patient and automatically switch the pressure along with the respiration action of the patient. And (3) performing constant pressure control in the S mode, wherein when the patient is detected to be in an inspiration phase, the respirator can keep a preset inspiration phase positive airway pressure IPAP, and when the patient is detected to be in an expiration phase, the respirator can keep a preset expiration phase positive airway pressure EPAP.

(4) T (timed) mode, i.e., time triggered mode, belongs to the bi-level pressure mode. In the T mode, the spontaneous breathing ability of the patient is extremely weak, the household respirator cannot be triggered automatically, and the breathing action of the household respirator is completely controlled by the respirator. The household respirator can provide an inspiratory phase positive pressure IPAP, an expiratory phase positive pressure EPAP, a breathing frequency and an inspiratory time, and carries out inspiratory phase and expiratory phase switching according to the preset breathing frequency and inspiratory time strictly, is mainly used for patients who lose spontaneous respiration, and is a minimally invasive ventilation mode.

(5) The ST (spironous/time) mode, i.e., the Spontaneous/time triggered mode, the Spontaneous breathing and time controlled automatic switching mode, belongs to the bi-level pressure mode P7. In the ST mode, when the patient can trigger breath by oneself, the breathing machine works in the S mode, and when the patient can not trigger breath by oneself, the breathing machine is switched to the T mode automatically. The ST mode has high requirements on the accuracy of spontaneous respiration trigger detection of a patient, and mode switching is carried out in time according to the detected respiration state. The ST mode of the bi-level home ventilator is most commonly used, is suitable for various sleep and respiratory diseases, and is a very common non-invasive treatment mode.

The single level mode (CPAP mode, AUTO CPAP mode) is mainly directed to symptoms such as snoring and apnea caused by OSAHS. OSAHS is mainly caused by the collapse of the respiratory airway and the occurrence of an obstruction condition in some locations. Respiratory airway collapse can lead to sleep snoring, with the occurrence of hypopnea or apnea events during snoring. The occurrence of the apnea event at every time can cause the body to have chronic hypoxia, carbon dioxide generated by the body can not be discharged in time, the blood oxygen saturation is reduced, and great harm is caused to the health of the human body. The principle of ventilator therapy for OSAHS is to provide an air frame that prevents upper airway collapse by positive airway pressure. In AUTO CPAP mode, the ventilator can automatically detect hypopnea or apnea events occurring during the patient's breathing, and automatically adjust the airway pressure according to the detection result, in addition to providing continuous positive airway pressure to the patient. The AUTO CPAP mode can provide better therapeutic effect and more comfortable therapeutic process than the CPA mode

The bi-level mode of the ventilator mainly aims at respiratory diseases such as COPD. COPD is a preventable disease characterized by airflow limitation, in which the small airways of the lungs of a patient become blocked, the respiratory muscles become fatigued, inhalation and exhalation are difficult, and hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention are likely to occur. When the disease develops to severe 'type respiratory failure' (body is lack of oxygen and has carbon dioxide retention problem), a bi-level household respirator is required for treatment. Through setting for different IPAP and EPAP under the two level modes, open the air flue with higher IPAP at the phase of breathing in, send gas into patient's lung in, provide lower EPAP at the phase of breathing out, make the intrapulmonary pressure be greater than ambient pressure, impel the interior waste gas of lung to automatically discharge to let patient's ventilation ability reach standard. Due to the auxiliary effect of the double-level household ventilator, the respiratory muscles of COPD patients can be fully rested, and related diseases can be greatly relieved.

The double-level household respirator consists of four parts, namely a main machine of the respirator, an air pipeline, a mask (nose), a power adapter and a humidifier. The power adapter provides an external direct current power supply for the whole breathing machine. The host machine of the respirator provides corresponding continuous positive airway pressure according to a set specific working mode. The humidifier is connected with the air outlet of the main machine of the respirator and is used for heating and humidifying the air flow flowing out of the main machine, so that the air flow entering the respiratory tract of a patient is warm and moist, and the use comfort level is improved. The pipeline and the face (nose) cover connect the air outlet of the humidifier to the patient, so that the air flow generated by the breathing machine enters the respiratory tract of the patient, and the expected treatment effect is realized.

At present, domestic household breathing machine products are still in the reference and imitation stage, and the functional quality, the use comfort level and the reliability of the products are lagged behind those of foreign products. Most domestic products only realize the basic single-level CPAP function, a series of problems of inaccurate judgment of breathing state, unstable pressure control and the like exist in the research and development of the double-level BiPAP function, and better treatment effect and use comfort can not be provided for patients.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a hardware structure of a bi-level household respirator.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

a hardware structure of a bi-level household respirator comprises a power supply driving part, a host control part and a humidifier control part; the power driving part comprises a power circuit and a power driving circuit; the host control part is based on a microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 and comprises a liquid crystal display module, a data storage module, a key detection module, a data communication module, a buzzer alarm module, a pressure measurement module, a flow measurement module, an upper computer communication module, an external motor, a honeycomb throttling device and a humidifier; the humidifier control part comprises an indicator light control circuit and a heating circuit; the microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 controls the motor speed through the motor driving circuit to generate continuous positive airway pressure required by treatment.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the power supply circuit is a voltage stabilizing circuit with an LM2575 voltage stabilizing chip structure.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the motor driving chip is BD63007MUV

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the pressure measurement module uses a pressure sensor MS5525 DSO; the SDA port and the SCL port of the pressure sensor MS5525DSO are respectively connected with the I2C1_ SDA port and the I2C1_ SCL port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: a differential pressure sensor DLC-L02D-D4 is used for flow measurement, and an SDA port and an SCL port of the differential pressure sensor DLC-L02D-D4DED are respectively connected with an I2C2_ SDA port and an I2C2_ SCL port of a microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the data storage module comprises an SD card storage module and an EEPROM storage module; the EEPROM memory module uses AT24C512B, and the SDA port and SCL port are respectively connected with the I2C3_ SDA port and I2C3_ SCL port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the DOUT port and the DIN port of the LCD screen of the LCD module are respectively connected with the USART1_ RX port and the USART1_ TX port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the blood oxygen detection module is connected and communicated with the microcontroller through a serial port.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: a heating disc in a heating circuit of the humidifier is connected with a PE1 port of a microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 through a protection circuit and a switch circuit; the protection circuit is also connected with a PF8 port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6; the indicating lamp control circuit is connected with a PG11 port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 through a triode.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model has the following technical effects:

the utility model adopts an advanced novel embedded microcontroller STM32F779IIT6, and provides powerful support for the accurate realization of the complex functions of the breathing machine by matching with each functional module. Novel embedded microcontroller possess remarkable calculation throughput, can carry out rapid processing to the data of gathering in the breathing machine working process, carry out accurate control to each respiratory state in the breathing machine use, shorten the reaction and the processing time of various respiratory events among the respiratory process greatly, provide the positive airway pressure ventilation of continuous and stable for the patient, finally realize better respiratory disease treatment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the motor drive circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a microcontroller module according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the pressure measurement circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the flow measurement circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the memory circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a blood oxygen detection circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a humidifier control circuit according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the utility model easy to understand, the utility model is further described with the specific embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, a hardware structure of a bi-level household ventilator comprises a power driving part, a host control part and a humidifier control part; the power driving part comprises a power circuit and a power driving circuit; the host control part is based on a microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 and comprises a liquid crystal display module, a data storage module, a key detection module, a data communication module, a buzzer alarm module, a pressure measurement module, a flow measurement module, an upper computer communication module, an external motor, a honeycomb throttling device and a humidifier; the humidifier control part comprises an indicator light control circuit and a heating circuit; the microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 controls the motor speed through the motor driving circuit to generate continuous positive airway pressure required by treatment.

The control part of the host computer integrates various functional modules to construct a control system of the double-level household respirator based on a microcontroller STM32F7791IT 6. The humidifier control part mainly comprises a temperature measuring and heating circuit and a water level indicator lamp control circuit. The interconnection of the various components in the ventilator hardware architecture system is shown in fig. 1.

The power supply circuit is a voltage stabilizing circuit with an LM2575 voltage stabilizing chip structure. The power supply driving part converts external 24V direct-current voltage into stable voltage required by other parts through a power supply circuit, the motor driving circuit is used for driving the motor to run, and the microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 controls the rotating speed of the motor through the motor driving circuit to generate continuous positive airway pressure required by treatment. As shown in particular in fig. 2.

The host control part takes a minimicrocontroller STM32F7791IT6 as a control core and transplants an embedded real-time operating system uC/Os-II. The operating system uC/OS-II is a kernel 54 that can deprive the multi-tasking management, controls the microcontroller to operate the functional modules in turn by establishing tasks, and implements the corresponding functions of the bi-level home ventilator by controlling the functional modules. And a pressure measurement module of the host control part is used for detecting the pressure of the pipeline air passage and feeding back the pressure to the microcontroller for realizing the constant pressure control of the air passage. The flow measurement module is used for detecting the air flow in the pipeline airway and feeding back the air flow to the microcontroller, and is used for realizing a respiration triggering algorithm and calculating respiration parameters. The liquid crystal display module is used for displaying the working interface of the household respirator, and the human-computer interaction function of the household respirator can be realized by matching with the key detection module.

The data storage module is divided into two parts, namely, the power-down storage of some control parameters and important data in the working process of the household breathing machine is realized through the EEPROM, and the respiratory data in the working process is recorded through the SD card, so that the data can be recorded to an upper computer to perform imaging processing on the respiratory data, or the recorded respiratory data is processed through MATLAB software to be used for analyzing and evaluating the control effect of a respiratory triggering algorithm in the subject research process. The key detection module detects external key operation through the rotary encoder and the independent keys, feeds key information back to the microcontroller and makes corresponding actions, and the module is matched with the liquid crystal display module to realize the human-computer interaction function of the household respirator. The data communication module establishes communication between the household breathing machine and the mobile terminal through the WiFi module, and the control of the mobile terminal on the household breathing machine and the information interaction function between the household breathing machine and the mobile terminal are achieved. The buzzer alarm module is controlled by a household respirator monitoring alarm system, alarms various abnormal phenomena detected in the working process of the household respirator, and prompts and informs a user of handling the current abnormal conditions. The upper computer communication module is connected with the PC end through the USB-to-serial port, and the upper computer at the PC end can draw a pressure curve and a flow curve of the household respirator in the working process in real time, so that the working state of the household respirator can be observed conveniently, the control effects of different algorithms can be compared, and the development progress is accelerated.

The humidifier control part mainly comprises a temperature measuring heating circuit and a water level indicator lamp control circuit. The temperature measuring and heating circuit can indirectly measure the water temperature in the water tank of the humidifier and feed the water temperature back to the microcontroller, and the water temperature heating function of the humidifier is realized according to the designed temperature control algorithm of the humidifier. The temperature measurement heating circuit is additionally provided with a hardware protection circuit, so that the absolute safety of the humidifier in the use process can be ensured. The water level indicator lamp control circuit is used for controlling the on-off of the water level indicator lamp, so that the water level height in the water tank of the humidifier can be observed conveniently.

The power supply circuit has the main function of converting external 24V direct current voltage into stable 3.3V, 5V and 12V direct current voltage for other functional modules of the household breathing machine. In the research, an LM2575 series voltage stabilizing chip is used for constructing a voltage stabilizing circuit, and finally, a safe and stable ideal voltage is obtained. The LM2575 series voltage stabilizing chip can provide a plurality of voltages such as 3.3V, 5V, 12V, 15V and the like, and ideal voltage can be obtained through a power supply circuit with a few peripheral devices and a simple structure. The series of chips are internally provided with perfect protection circuits, five control pins are provided outside the chips, for example, 5V voltage is output, and a power supply circuit constructed based on LM2575-5 is shown in the figure. Similarly, stable 3.3V and 12V voltages can be obtained by constructing a power supply circuit by using LM2575-3.3 and LM 2575-12.0.

The motor driving chip is BD63007MUV, and the power driving part constructs a motor driving circuit based on a three-phase brushless direct current motor driving chip BD63007MUV of ROHM company to drive the three-phase brushless direct current motor to operate. The microcontroller controls the PWM output duty ratio, and the rotating speed of the motor can be controlled through the motor driving circuit, so that the airway pressure in the ventilation pipeline is changed. The three-phase brushless direct current motor driving chip BD63007MUV generates a driving signal according to the detection result of the Hall position sensor, and the driving signal is input into a PWM control signal generated by the microcontroller to drive the chip to output. The chip can be externally connected with a 12V or 24V power supply, and an external 24V power supply is selected in the research of the subject. A120-degree rectification logic circuit is arranged in the chip, an external drive bridge circuit is not required to be built, and the three-phase brushless direct current motor can be driven by only few peripheral circuits. The chip is also internally provided with a plurality of protection circuits, so that the safety in the use process can be ensured. A schematic diagram of a motor driving circuit constructed based on the three-phase brushless dc motor driving chip BD63007MUV is shown in fig. 3. The motor driving chip reads information of Hall position sensors (HU, HV and HW in figure 3) through 15-20 pins and analyzes the position of the rotor, and the magnetic field of the stator is adjusted according to the information. A drive bridge circuit is arranged in the motor drive chip, U, V and W in the figure are connected to the three-phase brushless direct current motor, and the motor can be driven according to the correct phase sequence. The microcontroller controls the level input to the pin of the motor driving chip 30 to brake and control the motor. The microcontroller can control the motor speed by changing the PWM duty ratio input to the pin 31 of the motor driving chip. The microcontroller controls the level of the pin of the input motor driving chip 32 to control the rotation direction of the motor. The microcontroller controls whether the level input to the pin of the motor driver chip 34 controls the chip to be enabled.

The sensor measuring module mainly comprises a pressure sensor and a flow sensor, and is used for detecting pressure data and flow data in the ventilation pipeline.

The pressure measurement module uses a pressure sensor MS5525 DSO; the SDA port and the SCL port of the pressure sensor MS5525DSO are respectively connected with the I2C1_ SDA port and the I2C1_ SCL port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6. The sensor can provide high-precision 24-bit differential voltage digital quantity and temperature digital quantity output, the precision can reach +/-0.25%, and the sensor is provided with an SPI bus and an I2C bus. A12C interface of the pressure sensor MS5525DSO is connected with the microcontroller, the digital pressure sensor MS5525DSO is provided with 14 pins, the outside of the digital pressure sensor MS5525DSO is provided with a firm thermoplastic package, and two barb pressure guide pipes are arranged to facilitate the connection of a hose to measure the pressure in the air passage of the respirator. The pressure measurement module is a circuit schematic diagram as shown in fig. 5. When the digital pressure sensor is used specifically, the digital pressure sensor is electrified for the first time to send a reset command, and pressure and temperature data can be read circularly after the digital pressure sensor is reset successfully.

The flow measurement is realized based on the design of a differential pressure sensor DLC-L02D-D4, the differential pressure sensor DLC-L02D-D4 is externally connected with a 3.3V power supply for power supply, 16-bit high-resolution output is provided, and a 12C interface is provided. A differential pressure sensor DLC-L02D-D4 is used for flow measurement, and an SDA port and an SCL port of the differential pressure sensor DLC-L02D-D4DED are respectively connected with an I2C2_ SDA port and an I2C2_ SCL port of a microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6. The differential pressure sensor DLC-LO2D-D4 establishes a connection with the microcontroller through a 12C interface as shown. Flow sampling points are taken from two sides of a throttling device (used for forming airflow differential pressure) in a ventilation pipeline of the household respirator, the sampling points are connected to a differential pressure sensor by using a hose, and a differential pressure value is detected and fed back to a microcontroller. As shown in particular in fig. 6.

The data storage module comprises an SD card storage module and an EEPROM storage module; as shown in fig. 7, the EEPROM memory module uses AT24C512B, whose SDA port and SCL port are connected to I2C3_ SDA port and I2C3_ SCL port of microcontroller STM32F779IIT6, respectively. The data storage module comprises an EEPROM storage module and an SD card storage module. The EEPROM storage module is used for realizing the power-down storage of breathing parameters and important data in the working process of the household breathing machine, the SD card storage module records the breathing data in the working process of the household breathing machine, and the SD card storage module can be used for drawing a breathing curve of an upper computer and processing and analyzing the data through MATLAB software at a PC end. A schematic circuit diagram of the data storage module is shown. The EEPROM of the data storage module is AT24C512B of ATMEL company, and is connected with the microcontroller through a 2C interface, so that 512Kb capacity can be provided. The SD card module of the data storage module needs to build a hardware interface, the SD card is connected with the microcontroller through the SPI interface, and data recording and reading can be completed through plugging and unplugging the SD card during use.

The DOUT port and the DIN port of the LCD screen of the LCD module are respectively connected with the USART1_ RX port and the USART1_ TX port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6. The household respirator displays the current working interface in real time through the liquid crystal display module and realizes information interaction between a patient and the household respirator by matching with key operation. In the research process of the subject, the construction of the liquid crystal display module is completed by selecting the serial liquid crystal screen of Guangzhou Dacai company. The liquid crystal display module is shown in the figure, and the serial port liquid crystal screen is connected and communicated with the microcontroller through a serial port. Before the serial liquid crystal screen is used, a screen display project is manufactured by using a visual TFT (thin film transistor) matched with configuration software provided by Guangzhou Dacai corporation, each interface is manufactured according to actual needs, and the screen display project is downloaded to the serial liquid crystal screen through the configuration software. In the operation process of the household respirator, the microcontroller sends an instruction to the serial liquid crystal screen according to the collected key information, and the serial liquid crystal screen calls a corresponding interface to display after receiving the instruction.

The blood oxygen detection module is connected and communicated with the microcontroller through a serial port. The blood oxygen detection module realizes the function of detecting the blood oxygen saturation of the household respirator and belongs to the additional function of the household respirator. After the blood oxygen detection module is assembled on a patient, the home-use respirator displays the blood oxygen saturation and the heart rate of the patient on a screen in real time, and can give an alarm when the blood oxygen saturation is lower than a set value.

Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of the blood oxygen detecting module. Blood oxygen detection module carries out the connection communication through serial ports and microcontroller, and when blood oxygen detection module correct assembly back, can carry out oxyhemoglobin saturation and heart rate detection voluntarily. The blood oxygen detection module sends 60 data packets per second to the microcontroller, each data packet containing 5 bytes of data. The microcontroller analyzes the data packet transmitted by the blood oxygen detection module in the serial port interrupt processing function, analyzes the detected heart rate of the patient from the 4 th byte of the data packet, and analyzes the detected blood oxygen saturation from the 5 th byte of the data packet. And displaying the analyzed blood oxygen saturation and heart rate data on a liquid crystal screen.

A heating disc in a heating circuit of the humidifier is connected with a PE1 port of a microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 through a protection circuit and a switch circuit; the protection circuit is also connected with a PF8 port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6; the indicating lamp control circuit is connected with a PG11 port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 through a triode. The circuit diagram of the humidifier control part is shown in figure 10. The temperature measuring and heating circuit of the humidifier control part mainly achieves the temperature measuring function and the heating function of the humidifier, the microcontroller can indirectly measure the water temperature in the water tank of the humidifier through the temperature measuring circuit, and controls the heating circuit to work according to a designed temperature control strategy, so that the heating function is achieved. The temperature measurement heating circuit is additionally provided with a hardware protection circuit, hardware amplitude limiting processing is carried out on the heating temperature, the maximum temperature of a heating plate of the humidifier is not more than 70 ℃, and safe and stable operation of a control part of the humidifier is ensured. The circuit of the water level indicator lamp is controlled by the microcontroller to be switched on and off, and the water level illumination function of the humidifier is added to the household breathing machine.

In fig. 10, a temperature measuring heating circuit is provided in a dotted line frame 1. The thermistor Rt is placed at the bottom of the heating plate and is inversely related to the temperature. The higher the temperature is, the smaller the resistance value of the thermistor Rt is, and the voltage value of the two ends of the resistor R3 is changed along with the resistance value of the thermistor Rt. In the circuit, the voltage values at two ends of the resistor R3 are subjected to voltage division by using resistors R1 and R2, so that the voltage values at two ends of the resistor R2 conform to the A/D sampling range of the microcontroller. The microcontroller collects voltage values at two ends of the resistor R2 through a pin PF8, measures and records water temperature in a humidifier water tank at the sampling moment through an electronic thermometer, and stores the collected voltage values at two ends of the resistor R2 and the collected water temperature as a group of data. In the research process, the water temperature is controlled to be gradually increased from 20 ℃ to 40 ℃, and the voltage values at two ends of the resistor R2 and the water temperature at the sampling moment are recorded one by one. And performing curve fitting on the voltage values at the two ends of the resistor R2 and the water temperature at the sampling moment by using MATLAB software to obtain a functional relation between the voltage values at the two ends of the resistor R2 and the water temperature at the sampling moment, and taking the functional relation as a reference standard for indirect temperature measurement of the household respirator. The household respirator measures the voltage at two ends of the resistor R2 in the working process, and then the water temperature at the moment can be indirectly calculated according to the fitted functional relation. The microcontroller controls the heating plate switch through the general IO port PE1, when the general IO port PE1 outputs a high level, the MOS tube Q1 is conducted through the switch circuit and the protection circuit, and the heating plate is connected with 24V voltage to start heating. When the general IO port PE1 outputs low level, the MOS tube Q1 is turned off through the heating circuit, the heating plate is disconnected from 24V voltage, and heating is stopped. The protection circuit provides hardware protection for the humidifier heating circuit, the protection circuit is constructed based on the comparator, a fixed voltage value is input at the positive phase input end of the comparator, the voltage value at two ends of the resistor R3 is connected at the negative phase input end of the comparator, and the value can change according to the thermistor Rt. When the temperature of the heating plate is too high, the resistance value of the thermistor Rt is reduced, the voltage at the two ends of the resistor R3 is continuously increased, when the voltage at the two ends of the resistor R3 is larger than the fixed voltage value of the positive phase input end of the comparator, the output of the comparator is changed, the MOS tube Q1 is controlled to be turned off, heating is stopped, and therefore circuit safety is guaranteed.

In fig. 10, a water level indicator lamp control circuit is arranged in a dotted line frame 2, the microcontroller controls the water level indicator lamp to be switched on and off through a general IO port PG11, when a general IO port PGI1 outputs a low level, the transistor Q2 is switched on, the water level indicator lamp is connected with a 3.3V voltage, the water level indicator lamp is turned on, when a general IO port PG11 outputs a high level, the transistor Q2 is switched off, and the water level indicator lamp is turned off.

The utility model adopts an advanced novel embedded microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 to provide powerful support for the accurate realization of the complex functions of the breathing machine. Double-level domestic breathing machine based on novel embedded microcontroller, novel embedded microcontroller possess remarkable calculation throughput, can carry out rapid processing to the data of gathering in the breathing machine working process, carry out accurate control to each respiratory state in the breathing machine use, shorten the reaction and the processing time of all kinds of respiratory events in the respiratory process greatly, provide continuous stable air flue malleation for the patient and ventilate, finally realize better respiratory disease treatment.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the utility model as claimed. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a hardware architecture of domestic breathing machine of two levels which characterized in that: comprises a power supply driving part, a host control part and a humidifier control part; the power driving part comprises a power circuit and a power driving circuit; the host control part is based on a microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 and comprises a liquid crystal display module, a data storage module, a key detection module, a data communication module, a buzzer alarm module, a pressure measurement module, a flow measurement module, an upper computer communication module, an external motor, a honeycomb throttling device and a humidifier; the humidifier control part comprises an indicator light control circuit and a heating circuit; the microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 controls the motor speed through the motor driving circuit to generate continuous positive airway pressure required by treatment.

2. The hardware structure of a bi-level home ventilator according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply circuit is a voltage stabilizing circuit with an LM2575 voltage stabilizing chip structure.

3. The hardware structure of a bi-level home ventilator according to claim 1, wherein: the motor driving chip is BD63007 MUV.

4. The hardware structure of a bi-level home ventilator according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure measurement module uses a pressure sensor MS5525 DSO; the SDA port and the SCL port of the pressure sensor MS5525DSO are respectively connected with the I2C1_ SDA port and the I2C1_ SCL port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6.

5. The hardware structure of a bi-level home ventilator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the differential pressure sensor DLC-L02D-D4 is used for flow measurement, and the SDA port and the SCL port of the differential pressure sensor DLC-L02D-D4DED are respectively connected with the I2C2_ SDA port and the I2C2_ SCL port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6.

6. The hardware structure of a bi-level home ventilator according to claim 1, wherein: the data storage module comprises an SD card storage module and an EEPROM storage module; the EEPROM memory module uses AT24C512B, and the SDA port and SCL port are respectively connected with the I2C3_ SDA port and I2C3_ SCL port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6.

7. The hardware structure of a bi-level home ventilator according to claim 1, wherein: the DOUT port and the DIN port of the LCD screen of the LCD module are respectively connected with the USART1_ RX port and the USART1_ TX port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6.

8. The hardware structure of a bi-level home ventilator according to claim 1, wherein: the blood oxygen detection module is connected and communicated with the microcontroller through a serial port.

9. The hardware structure of a bi-level home ventilator according to claim 1, wherein: a heating disc in a heating circuit of the humidifier is connected with a PE1 port of a microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 through a protection circuit and a switch circuit; the protection circuit is also connected with a PF8 port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT 6; the indicating lamp control circuit is connected with a PG11 port of the microcontroller STM32F779IIT6 through a triode.

Images