CN216816447U - Device for judging peroxide value of vegetable oil by optical method - Google Patents
Device for judging peroxide value of vegetable oil by optical method Download PDFInfo
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- CN216816447U CN216816447U CN202220111008.5U CN202220111008U CN216816447U CN 216816447 U CN216816447 U CN 216816447U CN 202220111008 U CN202220111008 U CN 202220111008U CN 216816447 U CN216816447 U CN 216816447U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for judging peroxide value of vegetable oil by using an optical method, which comprises a bracket base, wherein a panel is fixedly and vertically arranged on the bracket base, a semicircular guide rail with a downward opening is fixedly arranged on one side of the panel, a sliding block base is arranged on the semicircular guide rail in a sliding manner, a laser is fixedly arranged on the sliding block base, and a circular dial concentric with the semicircular guide rail is fixedly arranged on one side of the panel, which is provided with the semicircular guide rail; one side of the bracket base close to the semicircular guide rail is used for placing a liquid storage tank with an open top and transparency, the height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank can be adjusted, and laser emitted by the laser can be refracted at the liquid level in the liquid storage tank after passing through the circle center of the circular dial. The method can visually measure the refractive index of the peanut oil, and further estimate the peroxide value of the peanut oil, thereby evaluating the rancidity reaction degree of the peanut oil.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of vegetable oil peroxide value detection, in particular to a device for judging a vegetable oil peroxide value by using an optical method.
Background
In recent years, the development of science and technology in China is rapidly advanced, the social production capacity is rapidly increased, and the living standard of people is continuously improved. Meanwhile, the public pays more and more attention to the quality of life, and the food nutrition and health problem in daily life becomes a hot problem concerned by the current society. Edible vegetable oil is an important component in daily diet of the people in China, and the safety and the safe use condition of the edible vegetable oil are concerned. The peanut oil is the main oil of China, has light yellow and transparent color, clear color, fragrant smell and delicious taste, and is one of the edible vegetable oils widely used on dining tables of people in China.
On the other hand, the quality of the peanut oil is greatly influenced by environmental factors, and the rancidity reaction of the peanut oil can be caused when the peanut oil is stored at a higher temperature or is exposed in humid air for a long time, so that essential fatty acid and fat-soluble vitamin in oil are damaged, and lipid peroxide toxic substances such as aldehydes, ketones and the like which are harmful to human bodies are generated. The long-term consumption of peanut oil with poor quality can cause various diseases, and even induce cancer when the peanut oil is serious. In the family life, people often cannot seal the residual peanut oil in time after using the peanut oil or put a container for containing the peanut oil nearby a high-temperature stove in operation due to the convenience of use. These practices can degrade or even deteriorate the quality of the peanut oil. If people can not find the peanut oil to deteriorate in time, the peanut oil has adverse effects on the health after being used.
When the deterioration degree of the peanut oil is evaluated at home, the subjective judgment of people is mainly relied on. One method is to smell the oil, and if the peanut oil develops an unpleasant rancid odor, it can be judged that it has deteriorated. The method is effective when the peanut oil has obvious peculiar smell, and can not be clearly distinguished when the peanut oil is deteriorated to a certain degree but the smell is not strong; another method is to observe whether a precipitate is present in the peanut oil container and to determine that the oil has deteriorated if it is. Because various components exist in the peanut oil, harmless insoluble substances can be separated out under the low-temperature condition, and the difference between the insoluble substances and precipitates is not obvious, so that the method for observing the precipitates is not accurate enough. If the quality condition of the peanut oil needs to be accurately known, a professional institution can be entrusted to detect the peanut oil, chemical reagents such as sodium thiosulfate and the like are usually used in the process, and the professional detection method is not suitable for families. Therefore, how to evaluate the deterioration degree of the peanut oil at home becomes a difficult problem to be solved urgently.
The peroxide value of the peanut oil can effectively reflect the degree of rancidity reaction. The prior literature discusses the relationship between the peroxide value and the heating temperature of the peanut oil, the relationship between the refractive index and the temperature of the peanut oil is known through refractive index experiments, and the relationship between the refractive index and the peroxide value of the peanut oil can be obtained by combining the refractive index and the temperature of the peanut oil, so that the deterioration degree of the peanut oil can be determined, and therefore, an apparatus and a method which can directly determine the refractive index of the peanut oil are urgently needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a device for judging the peroxide value of vegetable oil by using an optical method, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, and can be used for intuitively measuring the refractive index of peanut oil and further estimating the peroxide value of the peanut oil so as to evaluate the rancidity reaction degree of the peanut oil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme:
the utility model provides a device for judging peroxide value of vegetable oil by using an optical method, which comprises a bracket base, wherein a panel is fixedly and vertically arranged on the bracket base, a semicircular guide rail with a downward opening is fixedly arranged on one side of the panel, a sliding block base is arranged on the semicircular guide rail in a sliding manner, a laser is fixedly arranged on the sliding block base, and a circular dial concentric with the semicircular guide rail is fixedly arranged on one side of the panel, which is provided with the semicircular guide rail; one side of the bracket base close to the semicircular guide rail is used for placing a liquid storage tank with an open top and transparency, the height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank can be adjusted, and laser emitted by the laser can be refracted at the liquid level in the liquid storage tank after passing through the circle center of the circular dial.
Optionally, the two ends of the bracket base are symmetrically provided with bracket supporting angles, and the two ends of the panel are fixedly clamped in the bracket supporting angles.
Optionally, a laser mounting hole is formed in the upper end of the slider base, the laser is inserted into the laser mounting hole, a laser fixing block is inserted into one end of the slider base, and the laser fixing block can penetrate through one end of the slider base and then fixedly abut against the side wall of the laser located in the laser mounting hole.
Optionally, a movable handle part is installed at the top of the slider base, a limit screw is movably inserted into one side of the bottom of the slider base, and the limit screw can penetrate through one side of the slider base and then is fixedly abutted against one side of the semicircular guide rail.
Optionally, the measuring range of the dial is 360 degrees, and the minimum division value is 0.5 degrees; the upper part and the lower part of the dial scale in the vertical direction are marked as 0 degrees, and the horizontal positions of the left side and the right side of the dial scale in the horizontal direction are marked as 90 degrees.
Optionally, the liquid storage tank is of a cubic structure made of an organic glass plate, the external dimension specification of the liquid storage tank is 6cm × 2cm × 11cm, and the thickness of the organic glass plate is 1 mm; the upper edge of the liquid storage tank is horizontally scribed at an angle higher than 90 degrees; the lower end of the liquid storage tank is connected with an injector in a sealing mode through a plastic hose and a control valve, and the injector is fixedly installed on one side, far away from the semicircular guide rail, of the panel.
Optionally, the laser is a line-shaped laser, the linear laser emitted by the line-shaped laser is a line-shaped laser, and both the light width and the power can be adjusted.
The utility model also provides a method for judging the peroxide value of the vegetable oil by using an optical method, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, a laser is fixedly arranged on a sliding block base, the light width and the transmitting power of the laser are adjusted to appropriate values, and the laser is not adjusted in the later experiment process;
pouring peanut oil into a liquid storage tank, placing the liquid storage tank on one side, close to the semicircular guide rail, of the support base, adjusting the liquid level of the peanut oil to enable the liquid level of the peanut oil to be overlapped with a horizontal 90-degree scale line of the dial, and adjusting the position of the sliding block base on the semicircular guide rail to enable the sliding block base to be fixed at a selected angle;
step three, turning on the laser, and directly reading the included angle alpha between the incident beam and the upper 0-degree reticle at the moment1Angle beta between refracted beam and lower 0 degree groove1And recording;
step four, turning off the laser to ensure that the liquid level in the experimental container is fixed, adjusting the position of the sliding block base on the semicircular guide rail, repeating the step three for 9 times, and respectively recording the measured data each time;
step five, using a formula
Wherein n is the refractive index.
The refractive index n measured 10 times was calculated1To n10Recording, and then calculating the average n of the 10 refractivity indexes;
step six, using a formula
v＝-48.29n+77.80，
Wherein n is not less than 1.3789 and not more than 1.4365
And calculating the peroxide value v of the peanut oil, and further evaluating the rancidity reaction degree of the peanut oil.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:
the utility model provides a brand-new method for rapidly determining the peroxide value of the peanut oil through physical properties, can rapidly judge the deterioration degree of the peanut oil, can help common people to rapidly know the condition of the peanut oil at home, and has high application value. According to the utility model, a bridge between a physical judgment method and a chemical judgment method is established through a strict logic chain, and the two methods are connected together, so that the method has great research significance. The utility model designs a novel device for measuring the liquid refractive index, which has the advantages of rapidness and high accuracy, is convenient and simple, is easy to operate and is convenient for common people to use. By using the device, the refractive index of the liquid to be measured can be measured more efficiently. The utility model adopts a brand-new method to estimate the deterioration condition of the peanut oil, provides a brand-new means for detecting the quality of the vegetable oil and makes a certain contribution to further perfecting the food safety.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining peroxide level of vegetable oil by optical method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the dial of the present invention;
wherein, 1 is the panel, 2 is the calibrated scale, 3 is the semicircle guide rail, 4 is the slider base, 5 is the laser instrument fixed block, 6 is the activity hand (hold) piece, 7 is the support base, 8 is the support angle, 9 is stop screw, 10 is the laser instrument, 11 is the reservoir, 12 is the transfer line.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model aims to provide a device for judging the peroxide value of vegetable oil by using an optical method, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, and can be used for intuitively measuring the refractive index of peanut oil and further estimating the peroxide value of the peanut oil so as to evaluate the rancidity reaction degree of the peanut oil.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description thereof.
The peroxide value of the peanut oil can effectively reflect the degree of rancidity reaction. The prior literature discusses the relationship between the peroxide value of peanut oil and the heating temperature. The authors find that the physical properties of peanut oil are obviously changed under different heating conditions through absorption spectrum experiments of the peanut oil under different heating conditions. The relationship between the refractive index of the peanut oil and the temperature is known through a refractive index experiment. The method provided by the utility model is to measure the refractive index of the peanut oil, convert the refractive index into the highest heating temperature experienced by the peanut oil, convert the heating temperature into a peroxide value and establish a direct relationship between the refractive index and the peroxide value. By using the method, the peroxide value can be estimated by measuring the refractive index of the peanut oil, and based on the peroxide value, the utility model provides a device for judging the peroxide value of the vegetable oil by using an optical method, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the laser light-emitting device comprises a support base 7 and a panel 1, wherein support supporting angles 8 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the support base 7, two ends of the panel 1 are fixedly clamped in the support supporting angles 8, a semicircular guide rail 3 with a downward opening is fixedly arranged at one side of the panel 1, a slider base 4 is arranged on the semicircular guide rail 3 in a sliding manner, a laser 10 is fixedly arranged on the slider base 4, the laser 10 is a linear laser, linear laser emitted by the linear laser is linear, the width of light is adjustable from 0.4mm to several centimeters, the power is adjustable from 0-20mw, and a circular dial 2 concentric with the semicircular guide rail 3 is fixedly arranged at one side of the panel 1, which is provided with the semicircular guide rail 3; one side of the bracket base 7 close to the semicircular guide rail 3 is used for placing a liquid storage tank 11 which is provided with an opening at the top and is transparent, the liquid level height in the liquid storage tank 11 can be adjusted, and laser emitted by the laser 10 can be refracted at the liquid level in the liquid storage tank after passing through the circle center of the circular dial 2.
Further preferably, the upper end of the sliding block base 4 is provided with a laser mounting hole, a laser is inserted into the laser mounting hole, one end of the sliding block base 4 is inserted with a laser fixing block 5, and the laser fixing block 5 can penetrate through one end of the sliding block base 4 and then is fixedly abutted to the side wall of the laser positioned in the laser mounting hole. The top of the sliding block base 4 is provided with a movable handle part 6, so that the position of the sliding block can be manually adjusted conveniently, one side of the sliding block base 4 is movably inserted with a limit screw 9, and the limit screw 9 can penetrate through the back of one side of the sliding block base 4 and is fixedly abutted against one side of the semicircular guide rail 3. The measuring range of the dial 2 is 360 degrees, and the minimum division value is 0.5 degree; the dial 2 is marked with 0 degrees above and below in the vertical direction, and the dial 2 is marked with 90 degrees at the left and right horizontal positions in the horizontal direction. The liquid storage tank 11 is of a cubic structure made of an organic glass plate, the external dimension specification of the liquid storage tank 11 is 6cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 11cm, and the thickness of the organic glass plate is 1 mm; the upper edge of the liquid storage tank 11 is horizontally scribed at an angle higher than 90 degrees; the lower end of the liquid storage tank 11 is hermetically connected with an injector through a liquid conveying pipe 12 and a control valve, and the injector is fixedly arranged on one side of the panel far away from the semicircular guide rail.
The utility model also provides a method for judging the peroxide value of the vegetable oil by using an optical method, which comprises the following specific processes:
the relation between the peroxide value of the peanut oil and the heating temperature represents various parameters of the quality of the peanut oil, wherein the peroxide value parameter represents the oxidation degree of grease, unsaturated fatty acid and the like, and can be used for indicating whether a sample is deteriorated due to oxidation. Changes in the components of the peanut oil, such as oils and fatty acids, cause changes in the refractive index of the oil and can therefore be detected optically.
Li Xinhua et al published a paper in the food industry, which discloses that the change of peroxide value of peanut oil after being heated at constant temperature of 60 deg., 70 deg., 80 deg., 90 deg., and 100 deg. for 15 minutes, because the broken line shape of the original data is nearly linear, linear regression analysis is performed on the peroxide value and temperature. A regression line is obtained, and the regression line,
wherein
Is an estimate of the peroxide value, T is the heating temperature (unit: degrees Celsius)
Based on the method, the relation between the peanut oil refractive index and the heating temperature is firstly researched, and in the experimental process, the liquid level of the peanut oil is adjusted to be coincident with the horizontal scale line of the dial (the left side and the right side of the dial are both marked as 90 degrees); the laser is arranged on a sliding block seat on the sliding rail, the output linear laser points to the central point of the dial from the sliding rail and is refracted on the liquid level of the horizontal peanut oil, the refracted light beam enters the peanut oil, the overlapped line of the linear laser and the dial in the air is observed, the incident angle in the air is read, the overlapped line of the linear laser and the dial in the peanut oil is observed, and the refraction angle in the peanut oil is read; the position of the sliding block on the sliding rail is changed, and the incident angle of the laser can be adjusted. All calibration and reading work is done here.
Preparing 5 parts of peanut oil with equal mass, heating to 60 deg.C, 70 deg.C, 80 deg.C, 90 deg.C, 100 deg.C in a constant temperature water bath heating pan in sequence, and maintaining at the temperature for 15 min. After the peanut oil is heated, standing the peanut oil for about 8 hours for cooling, assembling a refractive index tester, and adjusting the light width and the transmitting power of the laser to appropriate values, wherein the laser is not adjusted in the later experimental process.
After the oil heated to 60 ℃ is cooled to room temperature, it is poured into a thin plexiglass container. The injector is drawn to ensure that the liquid level of the oil body in the container is superposed with the horizontal 90-degree scale mark, the valve is closed, and the position of the slide block on the slide rail is adjusted to ensure that the slide block is fixed at a certain selected angle and is not moved.
The laser is turned on, and the included angle alpha between the incident beam and the upper 0-degree reticle at the moment is directly read1Angle beta between refracted beam and lower 0 degree groove1And recording.
Turning off the laser, ensuring the liquid level in the experimental container to be fixed, adjusting the position of the slide block base on the semicircular guide rail, repeating the process for 9 times, and respectively recording the measured data each time;
step five, using a formula
The refractive index n measured 10 times was calculated1To n10Recording, and then calculating the average n of the 10 refractivity indexes;
step six, using a formula
v＝-48.29n+77.80，
Wherein n is not less than 1.3789 and not more than 1.4365
The peroxide value v of the peanut oil heated to 60 ℃ is calculated.
The connecting hose on the syringe port was pulled off and the oil was poured back into the cup. After careful cleaning of the two vessels, the oil heated to different temperatures was replaced, the process repeated, and the measured experimental data were recorded in the table.
Heating at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 15min, cooling, determining the average refractive index of the peanut oil to be 1.4365, heating at the constant temperature of 70 ℃ for 15min, cooling, determining the average refractive index of the peanut oil to be 1.4266, heating at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 15min, cooling, determining the average refractive index of the peanut oil to be 1.4158, heating at the constant temperature of 90 ℃ for 15min, cooling, determining the average refractive index of the peanut oil to be 1.3989, heating at the constant temperature of 100 ℃ for 15min, cooling, determining the average refractive index of the peanut oil to be 1.3789, and obtaining the relation between the refractive index of the peanut oil and the heating temperature according to experimental results.
Since the broken line shape of the above data is nearly linear, a linear regression analysis was made here for refractive index and temperature. Obtaining a regression line
Wherein is
Is an estimate of the refractive index and T is the heating temperature.
Estimating the peroxide value of peanut oil, the present invention hereinbefore expressing the peroxide value and temperature of peanut oil estimated formula (1),
V＝V(T)＝6.900×10-2T+4.316，60℃≤T≤100℃，
the refractive index and temperature of peanut oil are estimated by formula (2),
n＝n(T)＝-1.429×10-3T+1.526，60℃≤T≤100℃.
since the first order function has an inverse function, n (T) has an inverse function of
T＝T(n)＝-699.79n+1067.88，1.3789≤n≤1.4365，
Compounding T (n) and V (T) to obtain
V＝V(n)＝V(T(n))＝-48.29n+77.80，1.3789≤n≤1.4365，
Thus, estimates of peroxide number and refractive index are obtained
V＝-48.29n+77.80，1.3789≤n≤1.4365. (3)
To summarize, when the refractive index of the peanut oil is known and between these, the peroxide value of the peanut oil can be calculated using equation (3) to evaluate the degree of rancidity reaction of the peanut oil. By referring to the national peanut oil quality standard, the edible range is exceeded when the peroxide value of the peanut oil reaches 9.375meq/kg, namely the refractive index of an oil body is less than 1.417. The method builds a bridge between the physical property of the refractive index and the chemical property of the oxidation value, and is a brand-new judgment method.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principle and the implementation mode of the utility model are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the utility model; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. The device for judging the peroxide value of the vegetable oil by using an optical method is characterized in that: the laser device comprises a bracket base, wherein a vertically arranged panel is fixed on the bracket base, a semicircular guide rail with a downward opening is fixedly arranged on one side of the panel, a slider base is arranged on the semicircular guide rail in a sliding manner, a laser is fixedly arranged on the slider base, and a circular dial concentric with the semicircular guide rail is fixedly arranged on one side of the panel, which is provided with the semicircular guide rail; one side of the bracket base close to the semicircular guide rail is used for placing a liquid storage tank with an open top and transparency, the height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank can be adjusted, and laser emitted by the laser can be refracted at the liquid level in the liquid storage tank after passing through the circle center of the circular dial.
2. The device for determining peroxide value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, wherein: support pivot angles are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the support base, and two ends of the panel are fixedly clamped in the support pivot angles.
3. The device for determining peroxide value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, wherein: the laser fixing block can penetrate through one end of the sliding block base and then fixedly abut against the side wall of the laser positioned in the laser mounting hole.
4. The device for determining peroxide value of vegetable oil according to claim 3, wherein: the movable handle part is installed at the top of the sliding block base, a limit screw is movably inserted into one side of the bottom of the sliding block base and can penetrate through one side of the sliding block base to fixedly abut against one side of the semicircular guide rail.
5. The device for determining peroxide value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring range of the dial is 360 degrees, and the minimum division value is 0.5 degree; the upper part and the lower part of the dial scale in the vertical direction are marked as 0 degrees, and the horizontal positions of the left side and the right side of the dial scale in the horizontal direction are marked as 90 degrees.
6. The device for determining peroxide value of vegetable oil according to claim 5, wherein: the liquid storage tank is of a cubic structure made of an organic glass plate, the external dimension specification of the liquid storage tank is 6cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 11cm, and the thickness of the organic glass plate is 1 mm; the upper edge of the liquid storage tank is horizontally scribed at an angle higher than 90 degrees; the lower end of the liquid storage tank is connected with an injector in a sealing mode through a plastic hose and a control valve, and the injector is fixedly installed on one side, far away from the semicircular guide rail, of the panel.
7. The device for determining peroxide value of vegetable oil according to claim 1, wherein: the laser is a linear laser, linear laser emitted by the linear laser is linear, and the width and the power of the linear laser can be adjusted.
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