CN216814121U - Energy storage boiler and power generation system based on energy storage boiler - Google Patents
Energy storage boiler and power generation system based on energy storage boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN216814121U CN216814121U CN202123185456.4U CN202123185456U CN216814121U CN 216814121 U CN216814121 U CN 216814121U CN 202123185456 U CN202123185456 U CN 202123185456U CN 216814121 U CN216814121 U CN 216814121U
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The utility model provides an energy storage boiler and a power generation system based on the energy storage boiler, wherein the energy storage boiler comprises: a boiler main body; the tail flue is communicated with the boiler main body and is provided with a tail heating surface; the heat absorber is arranged in the tail flue, exposes out of the tail heating surface and is used for absorbing the heat of the flue gas flowing through the tail flue so as to increase the temperature of a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat absorber; the heat transfer medium whose temperature has been raised is stored in a second heat transfer medium container outside the boiler main body. Aiming at the transformation of the existing boiler, the utility model enables the transformed boiler to shift the power generation capacity at the electricity consumption valley time period to the electricity consumption peak time period, improves the peak regulation capacity of the coal-electric machine set, meets the requirement of newly increased power load and improves the utilization rate of the existing coal-electric machine set.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to an energy storage boiler and a power generation system based on the energy storage boiler.
Background
There is still a power gap approaching 1 hundred million kilowatts, taking into account demand side response and increasing trans-regional power delivery. Meanwhile, due to the adjustment of industrial structures in China and the influence of urbanization, the peak-valley difference of power utilization is further increased, a large amount of fluctuating renewable energy is accessed, so that the peak-shaving operation pressure of the coal-electric unit is increased day by day, and the coal-electric unit is in low-load operation most of the time except for a few peak power utilization periods.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Objects of the first utility model
The utility model aims to provide an energy storage boiler and a power generation system based on the energy storage boiler, which are suitable for reforming the existing boiler, so that the reformed boiler can move the power generation capacity at the electricity consumption valley time period to the electricity consumption peak time period, improve the peak regulation capacity of a coal-electricity unit, meet the requirement of newly increased power load and improve the utilization rate of the existing coal-electricity unit.
(II) technical scheme
To solve the above problem, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage boiler, including: a boiler main body; the tail flue is communicated with the boiler main body and is provided with a tail heating surface; at least one heat absorber arranged in the tail flue and used for absorbing heat of the tail heating surface so as to raise the temperature of a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat absorber; and a second heat transfer medium container provided outside the boiler main body, the second heat transfer medium container being in communication with the heat absorber and storing the heat transfer medium after the temperature thereof has been raised.
Further, the energy storage boiler still includes: at least one preheating heat absorber is arranged in the hearth of the boiler body, the preheating heat absorber is communicated with the heat absorber, and the preheating heat absorber is used for absorbing heat in the hearth of the boiler body, so that heat transfer media flowing through the preheating heat absorber flows into the heat absorber after the temperature of the heat transfer media rises to continue to rise in temperature.
Further, the energy storage boiler still includes: the heat supplementing heat absorber is arranged on the furnace top of the boiler body and used for absorbing heat of the furnace top of the boiler body, and the heat supplementing heat absorber is communicated with the heat absorber to enable the temperature of a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat supplementing heat absorber to be increased; the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat compensating absorber is used for storage in an energy storage vessel outside the boiler body.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage boiler-based power generation system, including:
the energy storage boiler provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the utility model is provided with a steam output end; and the steam turbine is provided with a steam input end, the steam input end of the steam turbine is communicated with the steam output end of the energy storage boiler, and the steam turbine generates electric energy by utilizing high-temperature steam output by the energy storage boiler.
Further, the power generation system based on the energy storage boiler further comprises: the first heat transfer medium container is communicated with the heat absorber of the energy storage boiler and is used for accommodating a first heat transfer medium which flows into the heat absorber of the energy storage boiler and is heated; the second heat transfer medium container is communicated with the heat absorber of the energy storage boiler and is used for accommodating a second heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat absorber of the energy storage boiler; wherein; the second heat transfer medium is obtained by heating the first heat transfer medium flowing through the heat absorber of the energy storage boiler.
Further, the power generation system based on the energy storage boiler further comprises: and the second heat transfer medium container is communicated with the first heat transfer medium container through the steam generator, and the steam generator generates steam by using the second heat transfer medium flowing out of the second heat transfer medium container.
Further, the power generation system based on the energy storage boiler further comprises: a capacity expansion turbine for generating electrical energy using steam generated by the steam generator.
Further, the power generation system based on the energy storage boiler further comprises: the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the first heat transfer medium container and the second heat transfer medium container, and exchanges heat by using the second heat transfer medium flowing out of the second heat transfer medium container as a heat source to generate the first heat transfer medium; wherein the first heat transfer medium generated by the heat exchanger is introduced into the first heat transfer medium container.
Further, the power generation system based on the energy storage boiler further comprises: and the heat transfer medium circulating pump is arranged between the first heat transfer medium container and the boiler main body of the energy storage boiler and is used for controlling the flow rate of the heat transfer medium flowing out of the first heat transfer medium container and flowing into the second heat transfer medium container.
Further, the heat transfer medium is molten salt, silicone oil or concrete.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:
aiming at the transformation of the existing boiler, the heat absorber is arranged in the boiler, particularly the tail heating surface, the balance state unbalance caused by the transformation of the boiler is reduced to the minimum, the efficiency of the boiler is basically unchanged or reduced to the minimum, the heat transfer medium is heated in the boiler to raise the temperature, then the energy in the boiler is moved out of the boiler and is stored outside the boiler, the transformed boiler can move the power generation capacity at the electricity utilization valley time to the electricity utilization peak time, the peak regulation capacity of the coal-electric set is improved, the requirement of newly increased power load is met, and the utilization rate of the existing coal-electric set is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage boiler-based power generation system in a second embodiment of the utility model.
Reference numerals:
1: a boiler main body; 2: a tail flue; 3: a heat sink; 4: preheating a heat absorber; 5: a heat supplementing and absorbing device; 6: a steam turbine; 7: a first heat transfer medium container; 8: a second heat transfer medium container; 9: capacity increasing steam turbine; 10: a steam generator; 11: a heat exchanger; 12: a heat transfer medium circulation pump; 13: a heat exchanger control pump; 14: the steam generator controls the pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
In the drawings, there is shown a schematic structural diagram according to an embodiment of the utility model. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details may be omitted for the sake of clarity. The various shapes shown in the drawings and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are merely exemplary, and in practice, there may be deviations due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design different shapes, sizes, relative positions according to actual needs. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like elements in the various figures are denoted by like reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
The terms referred to in this application will first be introduced and explained:
PID: wherein P is an abbreviation for Proportional, meaning scale; i is an abbreviation for Integral, meaning Integral; d is an abbreviation for Differencetial, meaning differentiation. The control algorithm of PID (Proportional Integral Differential) is a control algorithm combining three links of proportion, Integral and Differential into one body, and is the control algorithm with the most mature technology and the most extensive application in the continuous system, and the control algorithm appears in 30 to 40 years of the 20 th century, and is suitable for the situation where the controlled object model is not clearly understood. The analysis of practical operation experience and theory shows that the control law can obtain satisfactory effect when used for controlling a plurality of industrial processes. The essence of the PID control is that the operation is performed according to the function relationship of proportion, integral and differential according to the input deviation value, and the operation result is used to control the output. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage boiler-based power generation system in a second embodiment of the utility model.
In a first embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, an energy storage boiler is provided, mainly comprising a boiler body 1, a back pass 2 and at least one heat sink 3. The tail flue 2 is communicated with the boiler main body 1, and the tail flue 2 is provided with a tail heating surface (not shown in the figure); at least one heat absorber 3 is arranged in the tail flue 2, exposes out of the tail heating surface and is used for absorbing the heat of the flue gas flowing through the tail flue), so that the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat absorber 3 is increased; the heat transfer medium after the temperature rise is used for storage in the second heat transfer medium container 8 outside the boiler main body 1.
Specifically, the flue gas output end of the boiler main body 1 is communicated with the flue gas input end of the tail flue 2, and the flue gas generated in the boiler main body 1 is discharged through the tail flue 2. The energy storage boiler can be reformed transform by current coal fired boiler (for the electricity generation) and come, through set up heat absorber 3 at afterbody flue 2, utilize the flue gas heat of circulation in afterbody flue 2 to heat the heat transfer medium who circulates in heat absorber 3 to the heat transfer medium temperature that realizes flowing through heat absorber 3 rises to preset temperature, and the heat transfer medium after the intensification is stored in the outside energy storage container of boiler main part 1, realizes storing the energy in the boiler through the mode of storage heat transfer medium. The stored heat transfer medium can be used for generating electric energy during peak power utilization and can also be used for realizing heat energy utilization by means of heat exchange, such as heating.
In some embodiments, the tail heating surface at least comprises any one of a reheater, an economizer and an air preheater, the heat absorber 3 is embedded in any one of a pipe of the reheater, a pipe of the economizer and a pipe of the air preheater, so that the heat transfer medium introduced into the heat absorber 3 is output to an energy storage container outside the boiler body 1 after being heated to 560 ℃ to 570 ℃.
Specifically, the heat absorber 3 is a cylindrical pipe wall heat absorber 3 coated with a high-temperature heat absorption coating, has high absorption emission ratio, is used for absorbing high-temperature flue gas heat in the tail flue 2, has heat absorption efficiency of over 90 percent, and is made of materials with the characteristics of high temperature resistance, low expansion coefficient, good thermal fatigue resistance, molten salt high-temperature corrosion resistance and the like. The heat absorber 3 can replace any of the pipes removed from the reheater pipe, economizer pipe and air preheater pipe, i.e. the heat absorber 3 is placed in the position from which the pipe is removed. For example: the heat absorber 3 can replace part of a reheater pipeline, an economizer pipeline and an air preheater pipeline; the heat absorber 3 can replace part of the reheater piping and the air preheater piping; the heat absorber 3 can replace part of a reheater pipeline and an economizer pipeline; the heat sink 3 can replace part of the reheater piping, economizer piping or air preheater piping.
The preset temperature at which the temperature of the heat transfer medium is increased differs depending on the heat transfer medium.
The heat absorber 3 is provided with an input end and an output end, so that the heat transfer medium circulates in the heat absorber 3. The input end of the heat absorber 3 is used for inputting low-temperature heat transfer media, the output end of the heat absorber 3 is used for outputting heated high-temperature heat transfer media, and the heated heat transfer media are used for storing heat energy.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler further includes at least one preheat heat absorber 4 disposed in the furnace of the boiler body 1, the preheat heat absorber 4 is communicated with the heat absorber 3, and the preheat heat absorber 4 is configured to absorb heat in the furnace of the boiler body 1, so that the heat transfer medium flowing through the preheat heat absorber 4 is increased in temperature and then flows into the heat absorber 3 to be further increased in temperature.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing through preheated heat sink 4 is increased to 300-400 ℃.
In some embodiments, a water-cooled wall is arranged in the hearth of the boiler body 1; the preheating heat absorber 4 is embedded into the water-cooled wall, and the preheating heat absorber 4 is used for absorbing heat of the hearth of the boiler body 1.
Specifically, the preheat absorber 4 and the absorber 3 have the same configuration. The preheat heat absorber 4 can replace the pipeline of following the water wall pipeline and tearing down, is about to preheat heat absorber 4 and sets up the position of tearing down the pipeline. The preheating heat absorber 4 is used for absorbing the radiation heat of high-temperature flame or flue gas in a hearth of the boiler body 1, so that the heat transfer medium introduced into the preheating heat absorber 4 is introduced into the heat absorber 3 after the temperature of the heat transfer medium is raised. The preheating heat absorber 4 is used for preheating the heat transfer medium introduced into the heat absorber 3 to improve the heating effect and further increase the heat storage amount of the heat transfer medium. The energy flow density in the preheating heat absorber 4 is between 200 and 500 kW/square meter.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler further comprises at least one heat supplementing and absorbing device 5, which is arranged on the furnace top of the boiler body 1, the heat supplementing and absorbing device 5 is used for absorbing heat from the furnace top of the boiler body 1, and the heat supplementing and absorbing device 5 is communicated with the heat absorber 3, so that the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat supplementing and absorbing device 5 is increased; the heat transfer medium flowing through the supplementary heat absorber 5 is intended to be stored in an energy storage container outside the boiler body 1.
In some embodiments, the roof of the boiler body 1 is provided with superheaters; the heat supplementing heat absorber 5 is embedded into the superheater, and the heat supplementing heat absorber 5 is used for absorbing heat of high-temperature flue gas flowing through the top of the boiler body 1.
Specifically, the heat-compensating absorber 5 has the same structure as the absorber 3. The heat-compensating absorber 5 can replace the pipeline detached from the superheater pipeline, i.e. the heat-compensating absorber 5 is arranged at the position where the pipeline is detached. The heat supplementing and absorbing device 5 is used for absorbing the heat of high-temperature flue gas on the top of the boiler body 1, so that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat absorbing device 3 is heated continuously in the heat supplementing and absorbing device 5.
Due to the actual conditions of different boilers, targeted modifications are made, such as: only a heat absorber 3 is arranged in the boiler, or a preheating heat absorber 4 and a heat absorber 3 which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the boiler, or the preheating heat absorber 4, the heat absorber 3 and a heat supplementing heat absorber 5 which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the boiler.
In the first embodiment of the utility model, the heat transfer medium is directly heated in the boiler by utilizing multiple modes of radiation heat exchange, conduction heat exchange, convection heat exchange and the like, so that the problems of utilizing high-temperature steam and the heat transfer medium in the prior art are solved, the used technology is more mature, and the technical scheme is simpler, more efficient and less in consumption.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage boiler-based power generation system in a second embodiment of the utility model.
In a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a power generation system based on an energy storage boiler is provided, which mainly comprises the energy storage boiler and a steam turbine 6 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. The energy storage boiler is provided with a steam output end; and the steam turbine 6 is provided with a steam input end, the steam input end of the steam turbine 6 is communicated with the steam output end of the energy storage boiler, and the steam turbine 6 generates electric energy by utilizing high-temperature steam output by the energy storage boiler.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler based power generation system further comprises a first heat transfer medium container 7 and a second heat transfer medium container 8. A first heat transfer medium container 7 which is communicated with the heat absorber 3 of the energy storage boiler and is used for containing a first heat transfer medium which flows into the heat absorber 3 of the energy storage boiler and is heated; the second heat transfer medium container 8 is communicated with the heat absorber 3 of the energy storage boiler and is used for accommodating a second heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat absorber 3 of the energy storage boiler; wherein; the second heat transfer medium is obtained by heating the first heat transfer medium flowing through the heat absorber 3 of the energy storage boiler.
In some embodiments, the storage temperature of the first heat transfer medium container 7 is 240 ℃ to 300 ℃.
In some embodiments, the storage temperature of the first heat transfer medium container 7 is 260 ℃ to 280 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the storage temperature of the first heat transfer medium container 7 is 280 ℃.
In some embodiments, the storage temperature of the second heat transfer medium container 8 is 540-
In some embodiments, the storage temperature of the second heat transfer medium container 8 is 560 ℃ to 580 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the storage temperature of the second heat transfer medium container 8 is 565 ℃.
Specifically, the first heat transfer medium container 7 may be a low-temperature molten salt storage container, and the first heat transfer medium container 7 is configured to store liquid molten salt in a low-temperature state; correspondingly, the second heat transfer medium container 8 may be a high-temperature molten salt storage container, and the second heat transfer medium container 8 is used for storing liquid molten salt in a high-temperature state. The molten salt may be a nitrate salt.
In some embodiments, the power generation system based on the energy storage boiler further comprises a steam generator 10, the second heat transfer medium container 8 and the first heat transfer medium container 7 are communicated through the steam generator 10, and the steam generator 10 generates steam by using the second heat transfer medium flowing out from the second heat transfer medium container 8.
Specifically, the steam generator 10 is provided with a second heat transfer medium input and a first heat transfer medium output. A second heat transfer medium input end of the steam generator 10 is used for being communicated with an output end of the second heat transfer medium container 8; the first heat transfer medium output of the steam generator 10 is used for communicating with the input of the first heat transfer medium container 7; the steam generator 10 is further provided with a steam output for communication with a steam input of the capacity increasing turbine 9. Wherein, the second heat transfer medium that flows through steam generator 10 gets first heat transfer medium after the cooling to flow into in first heat transfer medium container 7, steam generator 10 gives water with the heat transfer that the second heat transfer medium stored in order to form steam, and this steam is used for promoting increase capacity steam turbine 9 and produces the electric energy, and correspondingly, steam generator 10 is the syllogic design, including the preheater that communicates in proper order, evaporimeter and over heater.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler based power generation system further comprises a capacity expansion turbine 9 for generating electrical energy from the steam generated by said steam generator 10.
Specifically, the capacity increasing turbine 9 is communicated with a steam generator 10, and the capacity increasing turbine 9 is a rotary steam power device provided with a steam input end. The capacity-increasing steam turbine 9 converts the steam into mechanical energy, and then drives a generator to generate electric energy. The capacity increasing turbine 9 is respectively communicated with the first heat transfer medium container 7 and the second heat transfer medium container 8, and the capacity increasing turbine 9 generates electric energy in the peak period of the electric load by using steam generated by the second heat transfer medium.
The capacity-increasing steam turbine 9 in the embodiment of the present invention generates power at the peak time of the power consumption load and is in the standby state at the valley time of the power consumption.
In some embodiments, the power generation system based on the energy storage boiler further comprises at least one heat exchanger 11, the heat exchanger 11 is respectively communicated with the first heat transfer medium container 7 and the second heat transfer medium container 8, and the heat exchanger 11 exchanges heat by using the second heat transfer medium flowing out of the second heat transfer medium container 8 as a heat source to generate the first heat transfer medium; wherein the first heat transfer medium generated by the heat exchanger 11 is passed into the first heat transfer medium container 7.
Specifically, the heat exchanger 11 is communicated with the second heat transfer medium container 8, and the heat exchanger 11 can exchange heat by using the second heat transfer medium output when the capacity of the second heat transfer medium container 8 exceeds the capacity as a heat source. The heat exchanger 11 is configured to transfer heat of the second heat transfer medium to water, reduce the temperature of the second heat transfer medium, obtain water with an increased temperature and the first heat transfer medium, and input the first heat transfer medium formed after heat exchange into the first heat transfer medium container 7. The heat exchanger 11 may be a molten salt-water heat exchanger 11. When a plurality of heat exchangers 11 are provided, the plurality of heat exchangers 11 are distributed in an array.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler based power generation system further comprises a heat transfer medium circulation pump 12, the heat transfer medium circulation pump 12 being arranged between the first heat transfer medium container 7 and the boiler body 1 of the energy storage boiler, the heat transfer medium circulation pump 12 being configured to control the flow rate of the heat transfer medium flowing out of the first heat transfer medium container 7 into the second heat transfer medium container 8 to control the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing out of the boiler.
In some embodiments, the power generation system based on the energy storage boiler further includes a heat transfer medium flow rate controller (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the heat transfer medium circulation pump 12, and controls the flow rate of the heat transfer medium by controlling the heat transfer medium circulation pump 12 to control the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat absorber 3 or the heat-supplementing heat absorber 5, so as to ensure that the temperature of the heat transfer medium is within a preset range, and avoid the decomposition of the heat transfer medium (molten salt) caused by too high temperature of the heat transfer medium, or the low temperature of the heat transfer medium causing the low temperature of the steam generated by the subsequent steam generator 10, which finally causes the low efficiency of the capacity increasing steam turbine 9.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler based power generation system further comprises a temperature sensor (not shown) disposed at the output end of the heat absorber 3 or the heat-supplementing heat absorber 5 for obtaining the output heated heat transfer medium temperature. Wherein, when not setting up the concurrent heating heat absorber 5, the temperature sensor sets up the output at the heat absorber 3, when setting up the concurrent heating heat absorber 5, the temperature sensor sets up the output at the concurrent heating heat absorber 5. The temperature sensor sends the acquired temperature data to the heat transfer medium flow rate controller.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler-based power generation system further comprises a fuzzy controller (not shown) and a PID controller (not shown) connected to the heat transfer medium flow rate controller to receive control commands from the heat transfer medium flow rate controller and perform corresponding actions.
Specifically, a preset temperature at which the temperature of the heat transfer medium rises is preset, the heat transfer medium flow rate controller acquires temperature data of the heat transfer medium output by the heat absorber 3, and temperature difference data and temperature difference partial derivative data based on the preset temperature data and the temperature data of the heat transfer medium output by the heat absorber 3; inputting the temperature difference data and the temperature difference partial derivative data into a fuzzy controller to obtain adjustment data; and inputting the adjustment data into a PID controller to obtain the flow speed data of the heat transfer medium, and controlling the flow speed of the heat transfer medium by the heat transfer medium flow speed controller based on the flow speed data of the heat transfer medium. The adjustment data is changed data, that is, different adjustment data can be obtained based on different temperature difference data and temperature difference partial derivative data.
Because the operation condition of the boiler is very complicated and greatly influenced by environmental factors, and the heat flux density at different positions also greatly fluctuates under the fluctuation of the load power, the heat absorption ratio of the heat absorber 3 to absorb heat is different under different load rates, and the related transfer function is not determined. Therefore, accurate temperature control cannot be achieved due to the adoption of the traditional PID control, and once the temperature is over-temperature, molten salt decomposition is caused. Therefore, the fuzzy self-adaptive PID control algorithm is adopted for temperature control, and compared with the traditional PID control, the fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller can self-adjust the PID control parameters in real time according to the temperature deviation condition and the deviation change condition so as to achieve more accurate temperature control.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler based power generation system further comprises a heat exchanger control pump 13, the heat exchanger control pump 13 being arranged between the second heat transfer medium container 8 and the heat exchanger 11, the heat exchanger control pump 13 being adapted to control the second heat transfer medium flowing out of the second heat transfer medium container 8 to enter the heat exchanger 11.
Specifically, the second heat transfer medium container 8 contains full second heat transfer medium, but the capacity-increasing turbine 9 is not started, and the boiler is still running, in order to avoid overloading the high-temperature molten salt storage container, the heat exchanger control pump 13 is turned on and controls the flow rate of the second heat transfer medium flowing into the heat exchanger 11, and the second heat transfer medium is sent to the molten salt-water heat exchanger 11 to heat the coal-fired boiler feed water, or sent to the low-pressure heater module to heat the condensed water, or sent to the coal mill to heat the primary air, so that the cyclic utilization of the surplus heat is realized.
In some embodiments, the energy storage boiler based power generation system further comprises a steam generator control pump 14, the steam generator control pump 14 being arranged between the second heat transfer medium container 8 and the steam generator control pump 14, the steam generator control pump 14 being used for controlling the flow of the second heat transfer medium out of the second heat transfer medium container 8 into the steam generator.
Specifically, during peak hours of the energy storage boiler-based power generation system, the steam generator control pump 14 is turned on and controls the flow rate of the second heat transfer medium flowing into the heat exchanger 11 to control the second heat transfer medium to flow into the steam generator, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is generated through a preheater, an evaporator and a superheater in the steam generator. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters the capacity increasing steam turbine 9 to drive the steam turbine 6 to generate power, and the power consumption requirement of the system is met.
In some embodiments, the heat transfer medium is molten salt, silicone oil, or concrete.
In one embodiment, the boiler retrofit plan comprises:
(I) construction scheme
1. Newly building a 50MW capacity-increasing steam turbine 9, wherein the main steam parameters are 14MPa and 550 ℃;
2. the cold and hot molten salt storage container is newly built, the heat storage medium is binary molten salt, the cold molten salt temperature is 290 ℃, the hot molten salt temperature is 565 ℃, and the heat storage capacity is 500MWhth
3. The new steam generator is built, the steam flow is 127.7t/h, the steam parameters are 2.62MPa and 553 ℃. The feed water temperature was 250.8 ℃.
4. The heating surface at the tail part of the boiler is reformed, and part of the economizer and the reheater are replaced by the heat absorber 3. Cold molten salt (290 ℃) is sent into a low-temperature flue gas area (the original economizer) and hot molten salt (595 ℃) is sent out from a high-temperature flue gas area (the original reheater), and the heat absorption power of the molten salt heat absorber 3 under the full load of the boiler is 30 MW.
(II) modification of tail heating surface
1. And (5) area reconstruction. The temperature of the flue gas of the tail heating surface is reduced to about 300 ℃ from 900 ℃ (140 ℃ behind the air preheater), the temperature difference is 600 ℃, the flow rate of the flue gas under the full load condition is 180 ten thousand cubic meters per hour, and the calculated thermal power of the tail heating surface under the rated load is 162 MW. Therefore, the modification area of the tail heating surface is 19%, the modification area is small, and the influence on the operation of the original unit is small.
| Parameter(s) | Value of | Unit of |
| Temperature difference | 600 | ℃ |
| Flue gas flow | 180 | Ten thousand cubic meters per hour |
| Average density of flue gas | 0.45 | kg per cubic meter |
| Average specific heat of flue gas | 1.2 | kJ/kg·℃ |
| Total endothermic power P ═ Δ T × f × ρ × Cp | 162 | MW |
2. And (5) modifying the scheme. The economizer and the reheater are respectively reduced by 20% of heat exchange pipelines, a fused salt heat exchanger 11 is additionally arranged in the vacated space, low-temperature fused salt enters from the economizer side, and high-temperature fused salt is output from the reheater. The temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the coal economizer is reduced by about 60 ℃ after the coal economizer is improved. In order to ensure that the denitration facility can normally operate in a low-load time period, the water side bypass transformation can be carried out on the coal economizer, and the smoke temperature of the denitration facility is ensured. And a fan heater can be added on the side of the air preheater to increase the flue gas temperature of the denitration facility.
(III) operating mode
The molten salt is used for storing heat in all time, the heat storage power is 12-30MW, the heat storage power is related to the load of a boiler, and the heat storage amount per day is about 500 MWhth. In the peak period of electricity consumption (generally late peak), the capacity-increasing turbine 910 is started to generate electricity for 4 hours. After the transformation, the range of the peak regulation capacity is increased from 140MW to 350MW to 135MW to 400MW at present, and the peak regulation capacity is increased by 15 percentage points.
(III) efficiency calculation
The efficiency of the newly-built capacity-increasing steam turbine 9 is 40%, the heat storage and heat exchange loss is 5%, the energy efficiency of the newly-added facilities is 38%, and the capacity-increasing steam turbine 9 is generally in the peak period of power consumption of a power grid when being started, so that most of the capacity-increasing steam turbine 9 is in a full-load operation condition. The full load efficiency of the original main turbine 6 of the power station is 48%, the partial load efficiency is 44%, and the average efficiency is 46%. Therefore, the equivalent energy storage efficiency is 82.6%. The efficiency value is significantly higher than that of pumped storage (generally 75%), and is only slightly lower than that of electrochemical energy storage (in a low-temperature area, the electrochemical energy storage needs to be heated by a battery, the efficiency of the electrochemical energy storage is reduced to about 80% or even lower, and the efficiency of the main turbine 6 of the technical route is increased to a certain extent and exceeds that of the electrochemical energy storage).
(IV) cost of investment
| Scale of | Unit investment | Investment (Wanyuan) | ||
| Molten salt | 500MWhth | 10 ten thousand yuan/MWhth | 5000 | |
| Thermodynamic system | 50MW | 1500 yuan/kW | 7500 | |
| Steam generator | - | - | 5000 | |
| Boiler body improvement | - | - | 2500 | |
| Others | - | - | 1000 | |
| Total up to | - | - | 21000 |
The total investment is 2.1 million yuan, and the unit cost is 4200 yuan/kW.
In comparison, the cost of the pumped storage power station is about 5000 yuan/kW, and the cost of the electrochemical energy storage power station (4 hours) is more than 8000 yuan/kW, so the technology has obvious advantages in cost.
(V) measurement and calculation of technical economy
Taking Jiangsu as an example, if a newly added peak regulation unit enjoys the capacity electricity price of a peak regulation gas unit of 28 yuan/kW/month, the number of annual power generation hours is 1400 hours, all the electricity enters the market for bidding, and the price is higher and is 0.45 yuan/kWh because the power generation period is the power consumption peak period. The price of the electric coal (5000 kcal) is 600 yuan/ton. The project investment yield is about 5 percent according to the calculation. If the newly added peak regulation unit refers to the pumping storage of Jiangsu province, the unit enjoys 45 yuan/kW/month capacity, and the project investment yield is about 8%.
(VI) floor area
The total floor area of the project is 3000 square meters, wherein the molten salt and steam generator occupies 1500 square meters, the steam engine occupies 1000 square meters, and the rest occupies 500 square meters. The electrochemical energy storage (50MW, 4 hours of energy storage) with the same scale has the floor area over 20000 square meters, which is 6-7 times of the floor area of the technology. Therefore, the technology of the utility model is more suitable for being arranged in east, middle and south areas with short land.
The technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:
aiming at the transformation of the existing boiler, the heat absorber 3 is arranged in the boiler, particularly the tail heating surface, the balance state unbalance caused by the transformation of the boiler is reduced to the minimum, the efficiency of the boiler is basically unchanged or reduced to the minimum, the heat transfer medium is heated in the boiler to raise the temperature, then the energy in the boiler is moved out of the boiler and is stored outside the boiler, the transformed boiler can move the power generation capacity at the electricity utilization valley time to the electricity utilization peak time, the peak regulation capacity of a coal-electric machine set is improved, the requirement of newly increased power load is met, and the utilization rate of the existing coal-electric machine set is improved.
The utility model has been described above with reference to embodiments thereof. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model, and these alternatives and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. An energy storage boiler, comprising:
a boiler body (1);
the tail flue (2) is communicated with the boiler main body (1), and the tail flue (2) is provided with a tail heating surface;
at least one heat absorber (3) arranged in the tail flue (2) and used for absorbing heat of the tail heating surface, so that the temperature of a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat absorber (3) is increased;
and a second heat transfer medium container (8) provided outside the boiler main body (1), the second heat transfer medium container (8) being in communication with the heat absorber (3) and storing the heat transfer medium after the temperature has been raised.
2. The energy storage boiler of claim 1, further comprising:
at least one preheating heat absorber (4) is arranged in the hearth of the boiler body (1), the preheating heat absorber (4) is communicated with the heat absorber (3), the preheating heat absorber (4) is used for absorbing heat in the hearth of the boiler body (1), and heat transfer media flowing through the preheating heat absorber (4) flow into the heat absorber (3) after the temperature of the heat transfer media is raised to continue to rise.
3. Energy storage boiler according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
at least one heat supplementing and absorbing device (5) arranged on the furnace top of the boiler body (1), wherein the heat supplementing and absorbing device (5) is used for absorbing heat of the furnace top of the boiler body (1), and the heat supplementing and absorbing device (5) is communicated with the heat absorber (3) so as to increase the temperature of a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat supplementing and absorbing device (5);
the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat-compensating heat absorber (5) is used for storage in an energy storage container outside the boiler body (1).
4. An energy storage boiler based power generation system, comprising:
an energy storage boiler as claimed in any of claims 1-3, provided with a steam outlet;
the steam turbine (6) is provided with a steam input end, the steam input end of the steam turbine (6) is communicated with the steam output end of the energy storage boiler, and the steam turbine (6) generates electric energy by utilizing high-temperature steam output by the energy storage boiler.
5. The system of claim 4, further comprising:
a first heat transfer medium container (7) which is communicated with the heat absorber (3) of the energy storage boiler and is used for accommodating a first heat transfer medium which flows into the heat absorber (3) of the energy storage boiler and is heated;
the second heat transfer medium container (8) is communicated with the heat absorber (3) of the energy storage boiler and is used for accommodating a second heat transfer medium flowing out of the heat absorber (3) of the energy storage boiler; wherein;
the second heat transfer medium is obtained by heating the first heat transfer medium flowing through a heat absorber (3) of the energy storage boiler.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising:
a steam generator (10), the second heat transfer medium vessel (8) and the first heat transfer medium vessel (7) being in communication through the steam generator (10),
the steam generator (10) generates steam using the second heat transfer medium flowing out of the second heat transfer medium container (8).
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising:
a capacity-increasing steam turbine (9) for generating electrical energy from the steam generated by the steam generator (10).
8. The system of claim 5, further comprising:
at least one heat exchanger (11) which is respectively communicated with the first heat transfer medium container (7) and the second heat transfer medium container (8), wherein the heat exchanger (11) exchanges heat by using the second heat transfer medium flowing out of the second heat transfer medium container (8) as a heat source to generate the first heat transfer medium; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first heat transfer medium generated by the heat exchanger (11) is passed into the first heat transfer medium container (7).
9. The system of claim 5, further comprising:
and the heat transfer medium circulating pump (12) is arranged between the first heat transfer medium container (7) and the boiler main body (1) of the energy storage boiler, and the heat transfer medium circulating pump (12) is used for controlling the flow rate of the heat transfer medium flowing out of the first heat transfer medium container (7) and flowing into the second heat transfer medium container (8).
10. The system according to any one of claims 4-9,
the heat transfer medium is molten salt, silicone oil or concrete.
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| CN202274474U (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2012-06-13 | 圣火科技(河南)有限责任公司 | Energy-saving heat-accumulating boiler device |
| CN107013892B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2020-10-23 | 杭州锅炉集团股份有限公司 | Gas turbine waste heat boiler device with molten salt heat storage function |
| CN109854313B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-03-24 | 西安交通大学 | Flexible coal-fired power generation system and operation method |
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| CN210319975U (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-04-14 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Thermal power generating unit power generation peak regulation system based on steam total heat heating molten salt heat storage |
| CN212157095U (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-12-15 | 赫普能源环境科技股份有限公司 | Thermal power plant heat storage power generation peak regulation frequency modulation system |
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| CN111928228A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-13 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Power station boiler high-temperature flue gas coupling reheat steam heat storage deep peak regulation system and method |
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