CN216793952U - Battery and electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a battery and electronic device, the battery includes electric core and circuit breaker, the circuit breaker includes metal bottom plate, and a housing, contact and thermal strain element, shell and metal bottom plate inject jointly and hold the chamber, thermal strain element sets up and holds in the chamber, the one end of contact is located and holds in the chamber and with separable mode contact metal bottom plate, the other end of contact wears to establish the shell and extends to and holds outside the chamber, thermal strain element sets up between the first surface of contact and metal bottom plate, the second surface at metal bottom plate is connected to the one end of utmost point ear, first surface is relative with the second surface. The metal bottom plate of the circuit breaker directly contacts with the lug of the battery cell, so that the path from the heat of the battery cell to the circuit breaker is short, and the temperature sensed by the circuit breaker is synchronous with the temperature of the battery cell. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery core rises or is abnormal, the circuit breaker can block the transmission of current in time, thereby playing the role of protecting the battery and improving the safety performance of the battery.

Description

Battery and electronic device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to electrochemical technologies, and particularly to a battery and an electronic device.

Background

The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy storage density, high open circuit voltage, low self-discharge rate, long cycle life, good safety and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of portable electric energy storage, electronic equipment, electric automobiles and the like. Among them, the lithium ion battery used in the electronic devices such as the notebook computer generally includes a circuit breaker for controlling the on/off of the current between the lithium ion battery and the electronic devices. However, in the related art, the heat transfer path from the lithium ion battery to the circuit breaker is long, so that the temperature sensed by the circuit breaker is obviously lagged behind the actual temperature of the lithium ion battery, and the situation that the temperature of the lithium ion battery is abnormally increased but the circuit breaker cannot cut off the current is easy to occur, so that the temperature of the lithium ion battery is continuously increased, and thus, the related art has potential safety hazards, and a fire disaster and the like can be caused in serious cases. Therefore, the synergy between the existing lithium ion battery and the circuit breaker needs to be improved, so as to improve the safety performance of the lithium ion battery.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present application provides a battery and an electronic device to improve the safety performance of the battery.

A first aspect of the present application provides a battery, comprising: the battery cell comprises a tab and a sealing part arranged on one side edge of the battery cell, and one end of the tab penetrates out of the sealing part; the circuit breaker, the circuit breaker includes metal bottom plate, shell, contact and thermal strain element, the shell with the metal bottom plate prescribes a limit to jointly and holds the chamber, thermal strain element sets up hold in the chamber, the one end of contact is located hold in the chamber and contact with separable mode metal bottom plate, the other end of contact is worn to establish the shell and is extended to hold outside the chamber, thermal strain element sets up the contact with between the first surface of metal bottom plate, the one end of utmost point ear is connected the second surface of metal bottom plate, the first surface with the second surface is relative. The metal bottom plate of circuit breaker and the utmost point ear direct contact of electric core to the route of the heat conduction to the circuit breaker of electric core is shorter, makes the temperature that the circuit breaker sensed realize synchronous with the temperature of electric core. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery core rises or is abnormal, the circuit breaker can block the transmission of current in time, thereby playing the role of protecting the battery and improving the safety performance of the battery.

In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit breaker is fixed to the sealing portion, and one end of the tab is disposed between the second surface of the metal base plate and the sealing portion.

In some embodiments of the present application, the battery further comprises a transition metal sheet connected to the other end of the contact.

In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit breaker further comprises a spring, the housing comprises a top wall disposed opposite the first surface of the metal base plate, one end of the spring is connected with the top wall, and the other end of the spring is connected with the contact. The contact is stabilized in contact with the first surface of the metal base plate to provide a stable current path.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal strain element is an insulator.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal strain element is a conductive member, the circuit breaker further includes a thermistor disposed in the accommodating cavity, the thermistor is connected to a side of the contact member close to the thermal strain element, and the thermal strain element is abutted to the thermistor when being deformed by heat.

In some embodiments of the present application, the contact member is a rocker arm, the rocker arm includes a first portion and a second portion connected to the first portion, an included angle is formed between the second portion and the first portion, and the first portion is swingably inserted through the housing; under the condition that the thermal strain element is not deformed by heat, one end of the second part far away from the first part is in contact with the first surface of the metal bottom plate.

In some embodiments of the present application, the included angle between the second portion and the first portion is 45 ° to 135 °. The included angle between the second part and the first part is regulated and controlled within the range, so that the safety performance of the battery can be improved, and the cost can be controlled.

In some embodiments of the present application, the metal base plate has a thickness of 100 μm to 1000 μm. By regulating the thickness of the metal base plate within the range, good heat conduction effect can be realized, so that the safety performance of the battery is improved.

A second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising the battery of any of the preceding embodiments.

The present application provides a battery, comprising: the battery cell comprises a tab and a sealing part arranged on one side edge of the battery cell, and one end of the tab penetrates out of the sealing part; the circuit breaker, the circuit breaker includes metal bottom plate, the shell, contact and thermal strain element, shell and metal bottom plate prescribe a limit to jointly and hold the chamber, thermal strain element sets up and holds in the chamber, the one end of contact is located and holds in the chamber and contact metal bottom plate with separable mode, the other end of contact is worn to establish the shell and is extended to and hold outside the chamber, thermal strain element sets up between the first surface of contact and metal bottom plate, the second surface at metal bottom plate is connected to the one end of utmost point ear, first surface is relative with the second surface. The metal bottom plate of circuit breaker and the utmost point ear direct contact of electric core to the route of the heat conduction to the circuit breaker of electric core is shorter, makes the temperature that the circuit breaker sensed realize synchronous with the temperature of electric core. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery core rises or is abnormal, the circuit breaker can block the transmission of current in time, thereby playing the role of protecting the battery and improving the safety performance of the battery.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces examples and figures that need to be used in the prior art, it being obvious that the figures in the following description are only some examples of the present application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cell according to one embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker of fig. 2 after the temperature is increased;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

A first aspect of the present application provides a battery, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a battery 10 includes a battery cell 20 and a circuit breaker 30. The battery cell 20 includes a positive electrode tab 21, a negative electrode tab 22, and a sealing portion 23 disposed at an edge of one side of the battery cell 20, and one end of the positive electrode tab 21 and one end of the negative electrode tab 22 penetrate out of the sealing portion 21. The circuit breaker 30 includes a metal base plate 31, a housing 32, a contact 33, and a thermal strain element 34, the housing 32 and the metal base plate 31 together define a receiving cavity 35, the thermal strain element 34 is disposed in the receiving cavity 35, one end of the contact 33 is located in the receiving cavity 35 and contacts the metal base plate 31 in a separable manner, the other end of the contact 33 penetrates through the housing 32 and extends out of the receiving cavity 35, the thermal strain element 34 is disposed between the contact 33 and a first surface 31a of the metal base plate 31, one end of the positive electrode tab 21 is connected to a second surface 31b of the metal base plate 31, and the first surface 31a is opposite to the second surface 31 b.

The "thermal strain element" refers to an element that can change in shape, change in size, or both when subjected to a change in temperature. For example, the thermal strain element is a thermal strain spring, which may include a metal spring or any other thermal strain material known in the art, and the thermal strain spring may be a single-layer spring or a double-layer or multi-layer spring, which is not limited in this application.

The above-mentioned "separable contact" means that the contact 33 can selectively contact the metal chassis 31 or be separated from the metal chassis 31 based on different conditions. For example, when the temperature of the battery cell 20 is within the normal operating temperature range (for example, greater than or equal to-40 ℃ and less than 70 ℃), and the thermal strain element 34 does not reach the strain temperature and maintains the original shape, the contact 33 is in contact with the metal base plate 31, so that the current conduction between the contact 33 and the metal base plate 31 is realized; when the battery cell 20 is overheated, for example, when the temperature of the battery cell 20 exceeds a normal operating temperature (for example, greater than or equal to 70 ℃), heat from the battery cell 20 is transferred to the thermal strain element 34 through the metal base plate 31 to deform the thermal strain element 34, and the deformed thermal strain element 34 separates the contact 33 from the metal base plate 31, so that the conductive function between the contact 33 and the metal base plate 31 cannot be realized.

In the battery 10 having the above structure, the metal base plate 31 of the circuit breaker 30 directly contacts with the positive electrode tab 21 of the battery cell 20, so that a path for conducting heat of the battery cell 20 to the circuit breaker 30 is short, and the temperature sensed by the circuit breaker 30 is synchronized with the temperature of the battery cell 20. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises or is abnormal, the thermal strain element 34 in the circuit breaker 30 is heated and then reverses to form the state shown in fig. 3, so that the contact 33 is separated from the metal base plate 31, and thus the transmission of current can be timely blocked, so as to protect the battery 10 and improve the safety performance of the battery 10. It will be appreciated that the circuit breaker may also be connected to the negative tab of the battery.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the circuit breaker 30 is fixed to the sealing portion 23, and one end of the positive electrode tab 21 is disposed between the second surface 31b of the metal base plate 31 and the sealing portion 23, so as to achieve connection between the circuit breaker 30 and the battery cell 20. Specifically, one end of the positive electrode tab 21, which penetrates through the sealing portion 23, is folded and directly contacted with the sealing portion 23, and then directly and electrically connected with the metal bottom plate 31 of the circuit breaker 30. It can be understood that the circuit breaker can also be connected with the negative pole lug, specifically, the one end of the negative pole lug penetrating through the sealing part is firstly folded and is directly contacted with the sealing part, and then is directly and electrically connected with the metal bottom plate of the circuit breaker. The present application does not particularly limit the specific manner of achieving connection between the respective members in the battery as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, such as welding connection.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the battery further includes a transition metal sheet 24, the transition metal sheet 24 is connected to the other end of the contact 33 outside the accommodating cavity 35, and the transition metal sheet 24 is also connected to the sealing portion 23, so as to improve the connection reliability between the circuit breaker 30 and the battery cell 20. In the application, the circuit breaker can be connected with a positive electrode tab, and a negative electrode tab and a switching metal sheet are connected with the electric device; or the breaker can be connected with the negative pole lug, and the positive pole lug and the switching metal sheet are connected with the electric device. The application has no particular limitation on the specific way of connecting the positive electrode lug, the negative electrode lug and the switching metal sheet with the electric device respectively, and the connection way known in the field can be adopted as long as the purpose of the application can be realized.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the circuit breaker 30 further includes a spring 36, the housing 32 includes a top wall 32a disposed opposite the first surface 31a of the metal base plate 31, one end of the spring 36 is connected to the top wall 32a, and the other end of the spring 36 is connected to the contact 33. The spring 36 is arranged to provide a certain compression force to stabilize the contact 33 in contact with the first surface 31a of the metal base plate 31, so as to provide a stable current path.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal strain element is an insulator. After the thermal strain element is heated and deformed, the contact element and the metal bottom plate cannot be conducted by current, so that the battery is protected, and the safety performance of the battery is improved. The material of the insulating member is not particularly limited in the present application, and an insulating member known in the art may be used as long as the insulating effect can be achieved. In the application, the insulating part may be made of an insulating material, or an insulating layer may be disposed on the surface of the conductive part to cover the conductive part to achieve an insulating effect.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the thermal strain element 34 is a conductive member, the circuit breaker 30 further includes a thermistor 37 disposed in the accommodating cavity 35, the thermistor 37 is connected to a side of the contact 33 close to the thermal strain element 34, and the thermal strain element 34 abuts against the thermistor 37 when being deformed by heat. The thermistor 37 is an element that increases the internal resistance when the temperature rises, so that the current of the circuit in which the thermistor 37 is located decreases; or an element that becomes an insulator when the temperature increases. The thermistor 37 can protect the circuit by breaking the circuit when the internal resistance is increased and becomes an insulator. Therefore, after the thermal strain element 34 is deformed by heat, the contact 33 and the metal base plate 31 cannot be electrically connected, so that the battery 10 is protected and the safety of the battery 10 is improved. The thermistor 37 may have a function of generating heat when a current is passed in order to maintain the deformation of the thermal strain element 34.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the contact member 331 is a rocker arm, the rocker arm includes a first portion 331 and a second portion 332 connected to the first portion 331, an included angle is formed between the second portion 332 and the first portion 332, and the first portion 332 is swingably inserted through the housing 32; in a case where the thermal strain element 34 is not thermally deformed, an end of the second portion 332 remote from the first portion 331 is in contact with the first surface 31a of the metal base plate 31. The above-mentioned "penetrating in a swingable manner" means that the first portion 331 can move in any direction within a certain range, and it is understood that the housing 32 includes a through hole through which the first portion can penetrate.

In some embodiments of the present application, the angle between the second portion and the first portion is 45 ° to 135 °, preferably 75 ° to 105 °, and more preferably 90 °. For example, the angle between the second portion and the first portion may be 45 °, 50 °, 60 °, 70 °, 75 °, 80 °, 90 °, 100 °, 105 °, 110 °, 120 °, 130 °, 135 °, or any range therebetween. When the angle between the second portion and the first portion is too small (e.g., less than 45 °) or too large (e.g., greater than 135 °), the difficulty of manufacturing the circuit breaker increases, resulting in an increase in cost. The included angle between the second part and the first part is regulated and controlled within the range, so that the safety performance of the battery can be improved, and the cost can be controlled. The circuit breaker 30 shown in fig. 2, in which the contact member 33 is a rocker arm, has a 90 ° angle between the first portion 331 and the second portion 332, and is more structurally stable.

In some embodiments of the present application, the metal base plate has a thickness of 100 μm to 1000 μm. For example, the thickness of the metal base plate may be 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 600 μm, 700 μm, 800 μm, 900 μm, 1000 μm, or any range therebetween. When the thickness of the metal base plate is excessively small (e.g., less than 100 μm), the structural stability of the circuit breaker may be affected. When the thickness of the metal base plate is too large (for example, more than 1000 μm), the heat conduction effect is affected. By regulating the thickness of the metal base plate within the range, good heat conduction effect can be realized, so that the safety performance of the battery is improved. The metal base plate is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved, and for example, the metal base plate may be a metal base plate having a good heat transfer effect, such as a copper plate, an aluminum plate, or an alloy plate.

In some embodiments of the present application, an orthographic projection of the metal base plate on the sealing portion covers a first region, an orthographic projection of the tab connected to the circuit breaker on the sealing portion covers a second region, and the first region and the second region at least partially overlap, preferably, the second region is within the first region.

In some embodiments of the present application, the area covered by the orthogonal projection of the enclosure at the sealing portion is a third area, and the second area is within the first area, the third area and the second area at least partially overlap or not overlap at all, preferably, the third area and the second area at least partially overlap.

The positive electrode tab refers to a metal conductor led out from a positive electrode plate, the negative electrode tab refers to a metal conductor led out from a negative electrode plate, and the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are used for being connected with other parts of the battery in series or in parallel. The present application does not specifically limit the material of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab, and the material of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab known in the art may be used as long as the object of the present application can be achieved.

In the present application, the structure of the electrode assembly may be a wound structure, and the electrode assembly includes a single or multiple tabs. The electrode assembly comprises a single-pole lug, wherein a positive pole lug is led out from a positive pole piece, and a negative pole lug is respectively led out from a negative pole piece. The electrode assembly comprises a plurality of tabs, wherein one positive tab can be led out from each circle of positive electrode piece, one negative tab can be led out from each circle of negative electrode piece, one positive tab can be led out from two or more circles of positive electrode pieces, one negative tab can be led out from two or more circles of negative electrode pieces, and finally, the electrode assembly in a winding structure comprises a plurality of groups of positive tabs and negative tabs which are then formed into a positive tab lead and a negative tab lead through transfer welding.

In some embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly is a laminated structure, the electrode assembly includes multiple tabs, one positive tab may be led out from each positive electrode tab, one negative tab may be led out from each negative electrode tab, and finally, the electrode assembly of the laminated structure includes multiple sets of positive and negative tabs, and then the positive and negative tab leads are formed by transfer welding.

In the present application, the electrical core comprises a packaging bag comprising a rim area for forming a seal. The present application does not particularly limit the packaging bag as long as the object of the present application can be achieved. For example, the packaging bag may comprise an inner layer and an outer layer, and the material of the inner layer may comprise a polymer material, so as to achieve a good sealing effect; meanwhile, the combination of the inner layer and the outer layer can effectively protect the internal structure of the battery. In the present application, the polymer material of the inner layer is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and for example, the polymer material of the inner layer may include, but is not limited to, at least one of polypropylene, polyester, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, polyamide, polyphenylene ether, or polyurethane. In the present application, the material of the above outer layer is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, and for example, the material of the outer layer may include, but is not limited to, at least one of an aluminum foil, an aluminum oxide layer, or a silicon nitride layer.

The present application is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved. For example, the sealing means may comprise one of heat pressing, glue sealing, welding the edge region of the package. Preferably, the sealing means is a hot press, and the temperature and pressure of the hot press are not particularly limited as long as the object of the present application can be achieved, for example, the hot press temperature is 150 ℃ to 220 ℃ and the hot press pressure is 0.1MPa to 0.6 MPa.

The battery of the present application is not particularly limited, and for example, may include, but is not limited to, a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery (lithium ion battery), a lithium polymer secondary battery, a lithium ion polymer secondary battery, or the like.

A second aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising the battery of any of the preceding embodiments. The battery provided by the application has good safety performance, so that an electronic device comprising the battery provided by the application has good safety performance and service performance.

The electronic device of the present application is not particularly limited, and may be any electronic device known in the art. In some embodiments, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, a notebook computer, a pen-input computer, a mobile computer, an electronic book player, a portable phone, a portable facsimile, a portable copier, a portable printer, a headphone, a video recorder, a liquid crystal television, a handheld cleaner, a portable CD player, a mini-disc, a transceiver, an electronic organizer, a calculator, a memory card, a portable recorder, a radio, a backup power source, an electric motor, an automobile, a motorcycle, a moped, a bicycle, a lighting fixture, a toy, a game machine, a clock, an electric tool, a flashlight, a camera, a large household battery or a lithium ion capacitor, and the like.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity from another entity without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment is described with emphasis on the differences from other examples.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A battery, comprising:

the battery cell comprises a tab and a sealing part arranged on one side edge of the battery cell, and one end of the tab penetrates out of the sealing part;

the circuit breaker, the circuit breaker includes metal baseplate, shell, contact and thermal strain element, the shell with the metal baseplate prescribes a limit to jointly and holds the chamber, thermal strain element sets up hold in the chamber, the one end of contact is located hold in the chamber and contact with separable mode metal baseplate, the other end of contact is worn to establish the shell just extends to hold outside the chamber, thermal strain element sets up the contact with between the first surface of metal baseplate, the one end of utmost point ear is connected the second surface of metal baseplate, the first surface with the second surface is relative.

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the circuit breaker is secured to the seal, and one end of the tab is disposed between the second surface of the metal base plate and the seal.

3. The battery of claim 1, further comprising a transition metal sheet connected to the other end of the contact.

4. The battery of claim 1, wherein the circuit breaker further comprises a spring, and wherein the housing comprises a top wall disposed opposite the first surface of the metal base plate, one end of the spring being connected to the top wall, and the other end of the spring being connected to the contact.

5. The battery of claim 1, wherein the thermally strained element is an insulator.

6. The battery of claim 1, wherein the thermal strain element is an electrically conductive member, and the circuit breaker further comprises a thermistor disposed in the receiving cavity, the thermistor being connected to a side of the contact member adjacent to the thermal strain element, the thermal strain element being against the thermistor when deformed by heat.

7. The battery of claim 1, wherein the contact member is a rocker arm, the rocker arm including a first portion and a second portion connected to the first portion, the second portion and the first portion having an included angle therebetween, the first portion being swingably disposed through the housing; under the condition that the thermal strain element is not deformed by heat, one end of the second part far away from the first part is in contact with the first surface of the metal bottom plate.

8. The cell defined in claim 7, wherein the included angle between the second portion and the first portion is 45 ° -135 °.

9. The battery of claim 1, wherein the metal base plate has a thickness of 100 to 1000 μm.

10. An electronic device characterized by comprising the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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