CN216792220U - Experimental simulation device for determining position of karst cave excavated by slurry shield - Google Patents
Experimental simulation device for determining position of karst cave excavated by slurry shield Download PDFInfo
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- CN216792220U CN216792220U CN202123391771.2U CN202123391771U CN216792220U CN 216792220 U CN216792220 U CN 216792220U CN 202123391771 U CN202123391771 U CN 202123391771U CN 216792220 U CN216792220 U CN 216792220U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an experimental simulation device for determining the position of a karst cave excavated by a slurry shield, wherein a model test box is provided with a box body, the upper part of the box body is provided with a box cover, a bearing plate and a simulated stratum are arranged inside the box body, and the lower part of the bearing plate is contacted with the top of the simulated stratum; a model karst cave is arranged in the simulated stratum; a through hole is formed in the first side of the box body, and the position of the through hole is matched with the position of the model karst cave; the shield propulsion device is arranged at the through hole and extends into the box body from the through hole; an air pressurizing device is arranged between the box cover and the pressure bearing plate; the model karst cave is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device is used for predicting the position of the karst cave in front of the shield propelling device according to the changes of the shield propelling force, the torque and the propelling distance. The method and the device predict the position of the karst cave in front of the shield propulsion device according to the changes of the shield thrust, the torque and the propulsion distance, thereby determining the position of the karst cave in the excavation area of the slurry shield and ensuring the safe construction of the shield machine in the karst area.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering slurry shields of civil engineering, in particular to an experimental simulation device for determining the position of a slurry shield for excavating a karst cave.
Background
When the underground tunnel is constructed, the karst problem is inevitably encountered. When the slurry shield is constructed in a slurry shield mode, front slurry can be leaked when the slurry meets karst, and therefore instability of a tunnel face is caused; meanwhile, the karst can cause the settlement of the shield machine and the difficulty in controlling the attitude of the shield machine, and the risk is very high. The karst cave is detected and processed in time, so that the situation can be effectively avoided.
A great deal of research is carried out on the karst detection means, most of the karst detection means are geophysical detection means, and the ground detection means are basically ground detection means; for areas which cannot be detected on the ground, most of the existing excavation depends on experience, the detection means in the tunnel is less, and the corresponding model test is less. How to ensure the safe construction of the shield machine in a karst area under the condition of no ground geophysical prospecting is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an experimental simulation device for determining the position of a karst cave excavated by a slurry shield, which can simulate a karst exploration mode, and can timely explore and process the karst cave to ensure the safe construction of a shield machine in a karst area.
The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield comprises: a model test chamber;
the model test box is provided with a box body, the upper part of the box body is provided with a box cover, a bearing plate and a simulated stratum are arranged in the box body, and the lower part of the bearing plate is contacted with the top of the simulated stratum;
a model karst cave is arranged in the simulated stratum;
a through hole is formed in the first side of the box body, and the position of the through hole is matched with the position of the model karst cave;
the shield propulsion device is arranged at the through hole and extends into the box body from the through hole;
an air pressurizing device is arranged between the box cover and the pressure bearing plate;
the model karst cave is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device is used for predicting the position of the karst cave in front of the shield propelling device according to the changes of the shield propelling force, the torque and the propelling distance.
It is further noted that the shield propulsion device comprises: the outer cylinder penetrates through the through hole and is arranged in the box body;
a push rod is arranged in the outer barrel, a cutter head is arranged at one end of the push rod, and the cutter head extends to the end part of the outer barrel;
the other end of the push rod extends out of the box body and is connected with a motor for driving the cutter head to run;
the outer cylinder is made of steel materials.
A speed sensor is arranged on the push rod and used for detecting the speed of the push rod;
and a rotating shaft of the cutter head is provided with a rotating speed sensor, and the rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the rotating speed of the cutter head.
Further, a plurality of support frames are arranged in the outer barrel;
two ends of the support frame are supported on the inner wall of the outer cylinder in a propping manner, and the support frame is connected with the inner wall of the outer cylinder in a welding manner;
the push rod is made of steel materials, and the length of the push rod is consistent with that of the box body.
It should be further noted that the air pressurizing device includes: a torsion bar and a tray with torsion disc threads;
the tray is fixedly arranged on the bearing plate; threaded holes matched with the torsion plate threaded torsion bars are respectively formed in the tray and the box cover;
the torsion disc thread torsion bar is connected with the box cover through threaded holes, the torsion disc thread torsion bar is connected with the tray through threaded holes, and the torsion disc thread torsion bar is rotated to pressurize the bearing plate, so that the bearing plate compacts a simulated stratum.
It should be further noted that the air pressurizing device includes: an air compressor;
the output end of the air compressor is connected with an air pipeline, and one end of the air pipeline extends into a position between the box cover and the pressure bearing plate; and a valve, a voltage stabilizer and a pressure sensor for sensing the air pressure value are arranged on the air pipeline.
It should be further noted that the measuring device includes: the device comprises a computer, a stress strain pore pressure meter, a measuring line and a measuring rod;
the measuring rod is arranged in the model karst cave; the measuring rod is connected with the stress strain pore pressure gauge through a measuring line;
and the stress strain pore pressure gauge acquires the water and soil pressure value of the model karst cave and transmits the pressure value to the computer, and the computer realizes the monitoring of simulation data.
The computer is respectively connected with the speed sensor and the rotating speed sensor to acquire the rotating speed of the push rod and the rotating speed of the cutter head; the computer also obtains the propelling distance of the shield propelling device.
Further, a sealing cover is attached to the case cover;
the sealing cover and the box cover are respectively provided with a threaded hole;
the second side part and the bottom of the box body are both of closed structures;
the box body is made of transparent materials, and the sealing cover is made of a rubber plate;
a plurality of holes are uniformly distributed on the bearing plate;
the model karst cave is formed by pouring through a mould, and the material of the model karst cave comprises: gypsum or limestone.
According to the technical scheme, the utility model has the following advantages:
the experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield provided by the utility model can simulate the shield tunnel excavation, can also simulate the model karst cave and simulate the influence of underground water pressure, and can research the change rule of shield parameters by changing the property parameters of the karst cave. The utility model establishes the corresponding variation relations between the thrust F and the time T and between the torque T and the time T; by integrating the speed V and the time T, the relation of the displacement X and the time T can be obtained, and the correlation between the thrust F and the displacement X and the correlation between the torque T and the displacement X can be calculated. The distance between the karst cave and the initial position of the cutter head is changed, and the correlation between a plurality of groups of thrust F and displacement X and the correlation between torque T and displacement X can be obtained. And predicting the position of the karst cave in front of the shield propulsion device according to the changes of the shield thrust, the torque and the propulsion distance, so that the position of the karst cave in the excavation area of the slurry shield is determined, and the safe construction of the shield machine in the karst area is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for determining a karst cave excavation position of a slurry shield.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the torsional pressurizing device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the air pressurizing device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the shield propulsion device of the utility model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a model test chamber according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-stress strain pore pressure gauge, 2-measuring line, 3-twisted disc threaded torsion bar, 4-tray, 5-measuring rod, 6-pressure sensor, 7-voltage stabilizer, 8-valve, 9-air compressor, 10-sealing plate, 11-box cover, 12-bearing plate, 13-box body, 14-model cave, 15-rotation speed sensor, 16-cutter head, 17-supporting frame, 18-outer cylinder, 19-propelling rod, 20-speed sensor, 21-motor and 22-simulated stratum.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield provided by the utility model is used for describing that when a certain element or layer is on another element or layer and is connected or coupled to the other element or layer, the element or layer can be directly on the other element or layer and connected or coupled to the other element or layer, and an intermediate element or layer can also exist. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The experimental simulation device for determining the position of slurry shield karst cave excavation provided by the utility model may use a spatial relativity term which is convenient for description, such as "below …", "below", "lower", "above" and the like to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another element or feature as shown in the figure. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
The term adopted by the experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield provided by the utility model is only used for describing the specific embodiment, and is not intended to limit the expression in this document. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the experimental simulation apparatus for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield provided by the present invention specifically includes: a model test chamber;
the model test box is provided with a box body 13, the upper part of the box body 13 is provided with a box cover 11, a bearing plate 12 and a simulated stratum 22 are arranged inside the box body 13, and the lower part of the bearing plate 12 is contacted with the top of the simulated stratum 22; a sealing cover 10 is attached to the box cover 11; the sealing cover 10 and the box cover 11 are respectively provided with a threaded hole; the side and the bottom of the box body 13 are both closed structures, and the simulated stratum 22 is weighed into the box body. A model karst cave 14 is arranged in the simulated stratum 22; the model cavern 14 can be arranged at any position of the simulated formation 22, and the specific position can be arranged according to the test requirement. The model cavern 14 is formed by pouring a mould, and the material of the model cavern comprises: gypsum or limestone.
The box body 13 is made of transparent materials, so that the internal condition of the box body can be observed conveniently. The sealing cover 10 is made of a rubber plate; a plurality of holes are uniformly distributed on the bearing plate 12, so that the bearing capacity is improved.
A through hole is formed in the first side of the box body 13, and the position of the through hole is matched with that of the model karst cave 14; a shield propulsion device is arranged at the through hole and extends into the box body 13 from the through hole; an air pressurizing device is arranged between the box cover 11 and the pressure bearing plate 12; the model karst cave 14 is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device is used for predicting the position of the karst cave in front of the shield propulsion device according to the changes of the shield thrust, the torque and the propulsion distance.
For the shield propulsion device provided by the utility model, the shield propulsion device comprises: the outer cylinder 18, the outer cylinder 18 crosses the through hole, install in container body 13; a push rod 19 is arranged in the outer cylinder 18, a cutter head 15 is arranged at one end of the push rod 19, and the cutter head 15 extends to the end part of the outer cylinder 18; the other end of the push rod 19 extends out of the box body 13 and is connected with a motor 21 for driving the cutter head 15 to run; the motor 21 can drive the propelling rod 19 to rotate so as to drive the cutter head 15 to rotate, and the simulated formation 22 is tunneled forwards. The outer cylinder 18 of the present invention is made of steel material and plays a supporting role.
In order to obtain the rotation speed of the propulsion lever 19 and the torque of the cutter head 15, a speed sensor 20 is mounted on the propulsion lever 19, and the speed sensor 20 is used for detecting the speed of the propulsion lever 19; a rotating speed sensor 16 is arranged at the rotating shaft position of the cutter head 15, and the rotating speed sensor 16 is used for detecting the rotating speed of the cutter head 15.
In order to ensure the firmness of the outer cylinder, a plurality of support frames 17 are arranged inside the outer cylinder 18; two ends of the support frame 17 are supported on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 18, and the support frame 17 is connected with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 18 in a welding mode; the push rod 19 is made of steel materials, and the length of the push rod 19 is consistent with that of the box body 13.
In order to increase the pressure of the simulated formation 22 and simulate the pressure of the real deep formation, the air pressurizing device comprises: a torsion bar 3 and a tray 4; the tray 4 is fixedly arranged on the bearing plate 12; threaded holes matched with the torsion plate threaded torsion bar 3 are respectively formed in the tray 4 and the box cover 11; the torsion disc thread torsion bar 3 is connected with the box cover 11 through a threaded hole, the torsion disc thread torsion bar 3 is connected with the tray 4 through a threaded hole, and the torsion disc thread torsion bar 3 is rotated to pressurize the bearing plate 12, so that the bearing plate 12 compacts the simulated stratum 22, and the stratum has certain pressure during tunneling.
Further, the air pressurizing device of the present invention includes: an air compressor 9; the output end of the air compressor 9 is connected with an air pipeline, and one end of the air pipeline extends into a position between the box cover 11 and the pressure bearing plate 12; and a valve 8, a voltage stabilizer 7 and a pressure sensor 6 for sensing the air pressure value are arranged on the air pipeline.
The pressure stabilizer 7 can maintain the pressure at a constant value, the valve 8 can control the gas to enter and exit, and the pressure sensor 6 can acquire the gas pressure value between the box cover 11 and the pressure bearing plate 12. If the air pressure value is lower than the preset value, the air compressor 9 can be started to pressurize the space between the box cover 11 and the pressure bearing plate 12, and the pressure bearing plate 12 is uniformly provided with a plurality of holes, so that the underground water pressure simulation is realized. The underground water pressure effect of different depth strata is simulated by adjusting the air pressure.
The measuring device of the present invention includes: the device comprises a computer, a stress strain pore pressure gauge 1, a measuring line 2 and a measuring rod 5; the measuring rod 5 is arranged in the model karst cave 14; the measuring rod 5 is connected with the stress strain pore pressure gauge 1 through a measuring line 2; the stress strain pore pressure gauge 1 obtains the water and soil pressure value of the model karst cave 14, transmits the pressure value to the computer, and the computer realizes the monitoring of simulation data.
Further, the computer is respectively connected with the speed sensor 20 and the rotating speed sensor 16, and the rotating speed of the push rod 19 and the rotating speed of the cutter head 15 are obtained; the computer also obtains the propelling distance of the shield propelling device.
For the present invention, the air pressurization means can apply pressure to simulate the ground stress effect; an air pressurizing device is installed to apply pressure, so that the influence of underground water pressure is simulated, and the pressure is maintained through a pressure stabilizer. The computer can also be connected with the motor 21 to control the motor 21 to operate, so that the shield propulsion device keeps constant power and propels forwards to simulate shield tunnel excavation. The shield propelling distance can be measured by the tape measure, and the instantaneous change values of the speed V and the rotating speed n can be obtained according to the real-time monitoring of the speed sensor and the rotating speed sensor in the propelling process. And then counting the change rule of the shield parameters through the change of the karst cave parameters, and establishing the relationship between the two. The shield machine has two vital parameters in the propelling process, one is the thrust of a jack, the other is the torque of a cutter head, the changes of the two parameters are related to the stratum properties, and the difference of geological features appears on the changes of the parameters to a certain extent. In physics, force, torque and power have the following relationships:
P(t)＝F(t)xV(t)
through the measured speed and the measured rotating speed value, the change values of the thrust force F and the torque T during shield propulsion can be deduced, and then the change relations between the thrust force F and the time T and between the torque T and the time T are established correspondingly; by integrating the speed V and the time T, the relation of the displacement X and the time T can be obtained, and the correlation between the thrust F and the displacement X and the correlation between the torque T and the displacement X can be calculated. The distance between the karst cave and the initial position of the cutter head is changed, and the correlation between a plurality of groups of thrust F and displacement X and the correlation between torque T and displacement X can be obtained. And predicting the position of the karst cave in front of the shield propulsion device according to the changes of the shield thrust, the torque and the propulsion distance.
According to the method, the karst cave position of the slurry shield excavation area is determined by changing the property parameters of the karst cave, researching the change rule of the shield parameters and establishing the relationship between the two parameters. The device is designed based on similar criteria, and therefore has a certain reference value for actual engineering.
The computer to which the present invention relates may include a mobile terminal such as a smart phone, a notebook computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a PAD computer (PAD), and the like, and a fixed terminal such as a Digital TV, a desktop computer, and the like. The computer may include a wireless communication unit, an audio/video (a/V) input unit, a user input unit, a sensing unit, an output unit, a memory, an interface unit, a controller, a power supply unit, and the like. It is to be understood that not all illustrated components are required to be implemented. More or fewer components may alternatively be implemented.
The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to the present invention is the unit and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, and can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, various aspects of the experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield related to the utility model can be realized as a system, a method or a program product. Accordingly, various aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of: an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, microcode, etc.) or an embodiment combining hardware and software aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a "circuit," module "or" system.
The computer may write program code for carrying out operations of the present disclosure in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In the case of a remote computing device, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., through the internet using an internet service provider).
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an experimental simulation device that slurry shield excavation solution cavity position was confirmed which characterized in that includes: a model test chamber;
the model test box is provided with a box body (13), the upper part of the box body (13) is provided with a box cover (11), a bearing plate (12) and a simulated stratum (22) are arranged inside the box body (13), and the lower part of the bearing plate (12) is contacted with the top of the simulated stratum (22);
a model karst cave (14) is arranged in the simulated stratum (22);
a through hole is formed in the first side of the box body (13), and the position of the through hole is matched with that of the model karst cave (14);
a shield propulsion device is arranged at the through hole and extends into the box body (13) from the through hole;
an air pressurizing device is arranged between the box cover (11) and the pressure bearing plate (12);
the model karst cave (14) is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device is used for predicting the position of the karst cave in front of the shield propelling device according to the changes of shield thrust, torque and propelling distance.
2. The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to claim 1,
the shield propulsion unit includes: the outer cylinder (18), the outer cylinder (18) crosses the through hole, install in container body (13);
a push rod (19) is arranged in the outer barrel (18), a cutter head (15) is arranged at one end of the push rod (19), and the cutter head (15) extends to the end part of the outer barrel (18);
the other end of the push rod (19) extends out of the box body (13) and is connected with a motor (21) for driving the cutter head (15) to run;
the outer cylinder (18) is made of steel materials.
3. The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to claim 2,
a speed sensor (20) is arranged on the push rod (19), and the speed sensor (20) is used for detecting the speed of the push rod (19);
and a rotating shaft of the cutter head (15) is provided with a rotating speed sensor (16), and the rotating speed sensor (16) is used for detecting the rotating speed of the cutter head (15).
4. The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to claim 2,
a plurality of support frames (17) are arranged in the outer cylinder (18);
two ends of the support frame (17) are supported on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (18), and the support frame (17) is connected with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (18) in a welding mode;
the push rod (19) is made of steel materials, and the length of the push rod (19) is consistent with that of the box body (13).
5. The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to claim 1,
the air pressurizing device includes: a torsion bar (3) and a tray (4) with torsion disc threads;
the tray (4) is fixedly arranged on the bearing plate (12); threaded holes matched with the torsion plate threaded torsion bar (3) are respectively formed in the tray (4) and the box cover (11);
the twisting disc thread torsion bar (3) is connected with the box cover (11) through a threaded hole, the twisting disc thread torsion bar (3) is connected with the tray (4) through a threaded hole, and the rotating twisting disc thread torsion bar (3) pressurizes the bearing plate (12), so that the bearing plate (12) compacts the simulated stratum (22).
6. The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to claim 1,
the air pressurizing device includes: an air compressor (9);
the output end of the air compressor (9) is connected with an air pipeline, and one end of the air pipeline extends into a position between the box cover (11) and the pressure bearing plate (12); and a valve (8), a voltage stabilizer (7) and a pressure sensor (6) for sensing the air pressure value are arranged on the air pipeline.
7. The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to claim 3,
the measuring device comprises: the device comprises a computer, a stress strain pore pressure gauge (1), a measuring line (2) and a measuring rod (5);
the measuring rod (5) is arranged in the model karst cave (14); the measuring rod (5) is connected with the stress strain hole pressure gauge (1) through a measuring line (2);
the stress strain pore pressure gauge (1) acquires the water and soil pressure value of the model karst cave (14), and transmits the pressure value to the computer, and the computer realizes the monitoring of simulation data.
8. The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to claim 7,
the computer is respectively connected with the speed sensor (20) and the rotating speed sensor (16) to acquire the rotating speed of the push rod (19) and the rotating speed of the cutter head (15); the computer also obtains the propelling distance of the shield propelling device.
9. The experimental simulation device for determining the karst cave excavation position of the slurry shield according to claim 1,
a sealing cover (10) is attached to the box cover (11);
the sealing cover (10) and the box cover (11) are respectively provided with a threaded hole;
the second side part and the bottom of the box body (13) are both of closed structures;
the box body (13) is made of transparent materials, and the sealing cover (10) is made of a rubber plate;
a plurality of holes are uniformly distributed on the bearing plate (12);
the model karst cave (14) is formed by pouring a mould, and the material of the model karst cave comprises: gypsum or limestone.
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| CN202123391771.2U CN216792220U (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Experimental simulation device for determining position of karst cave excavated by slurry shield |
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