CN216772653U

CN216772653U - Teaching aid for teaching thoracic closed drainage

Info

Publication number: CN216772653U
Application number: CN202220145201.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱春雨; 段燕芳
Original assignee: Beijing Shijitan Hospital
Current assignee: Beijing Shijitan Hospital
Priority date: 2022-01-19
Filing date: 2022-01-19
Publication date: 2022-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-19

Abstract

The utility model provides a teaching aid for thoracic closed drainage teaching, relates to the technical field of clinical teaching, and mainly aims to solve the problem that the teaching of the thoracic closed drainage in the clinical teaching is not clear enough. The teaching aid for teaching the closed thoracic drainage comprises a model and an inflation unit, wherein the model comprises a simulated lung, a simulated chest wall and a simulated trachea, and the simulated lung is positioned in the simulated chest wall; the simulation chest wall is of a cavity type structure with a fixed volume, a first jack and a second jack are arranged on the side wall of the simulation chest wall, the simulation trachea can be communicated with the simulation lung in the simulation chest wall through the first jack, and a drainage tube is arranged on the second jack; the inflation unit is positioned outside the simulated chest wall and communicated with the simulated trachea; when the inflation unit is activated, the simulated lung can expand due to inflation.

Description

Teaching aid for thoracic closed drainage teaching

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of clinical teaching, in particular to a teaching aid for thoracic closed drainage teaching.

Background

The pleural cavity is a closed potential cavity formed by the mutual turning and migration of two structures of the chest wall and the lung at the lung root and consists of a pleural visceral layer tightly attached to the surface of the lung and a pleural layer tightly attached to the inner wall of the thorax. The left and right pleural cavities are not communicated with each other, and no gas exists in the cavities, and only a small amount of serous fluid exists in the cavities. When the chest is wounded, pneumothorax or hemothorax (spontaneous pneumothorax may also occur in some people) may be caused, and a large amount of gas or liquid exists in the pleural cavity, so that the lung is compressed, and normal breathing is seriously affected. In addition, when the pressure in one pleural cavity is too high, the mediastinum (heart, great vessel, trachea, etc.) can be displaced, and if the patient is not treated in time, the patient can be in danger of life. Clinically, the thoracocentesis is usually adopted to extract gas or liquid in the pleural cavity, and then the closed thoracic drainage device is placed to extract the fluid in the pleural cavity.

At present, no teaching model capable of intuitively simulating the relative change of the lung and the pleural cavity in the pleural cavity exists in the market, and if the problems are explained only by combining language expression with drawing or video, students still have difficulty in understanding the physiological and pathological change mechanisms of the students.

In order to solve the above problems, the teaching of the operation is more intuitive, and a special teaching aid needs to be developed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage, which solves the technical problem that the closed thoracic drainage of clinical professors is not visual enough in the prior art. The technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the utility model are described in detail in the following.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

the teaching aid for teaching the closed thoracic drainage comprises a model and an inflation unit, wherein the model comprises a simulated lung, a simulated chest wall and a simulated trachea, and the simulated lung is positioned in the simulated chest wall; the simulation chest wall is of a cavity type structure with a fixed volume, a first jack and a second jack are arranged on the side wall of the simulation chest wall, the simulation trachea can be communicated with the simulation lung in the simulation chest wall through the first jack, and a drainage tube is arranged on the second jack; the inflation unit is positioned outside the simulated chest wall and communicated with the simulated trachea; when the inflation unit is activated, the simulated lung can expand due to inflation.

The pleural cavity is the area located between the simulated lung and the simulated chest wall. When the teaching aid is used, the size of the simulated lung can be effectively adjusted by adjusting the inflation amount of the inflation unit in the simulated lung. In the process of simulating the gradual enlargement of the lung, the fluid positioned at the pleural cavity can be discharged through the drainage tube under the action of pressure, so that the working principle and effect of the closed thoracic drainage can be visually displayed.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model can be further improved as follows.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the simulated lungs is the same as the number of the simulated chest walls and the simulated trachea, and the simulated lungs and the simulated trachea are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the simulated lungs is two.

As a further improvement of the utility model, one ends of the two simulated air pipes far away from the simulated lung are fixedly arranged, and the simulated air pipes are Y-shaped structures.

As a further improvement of the utility model, one end of the simulated trachea far away from the simulated lung is provided with a thyroid cartilage model.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the teaching aid further comprises a drainage device connected with the drainage tube, the drainage device comprises a liquid storage bottle, a first conduit and a second conduit, a sealing plug is arranged at the bottleneck of the liquid storage bottle, one end of the first conduit is connected with the drainage device, the other end of the first conduit is inserted into the liquid storage bottle through the sealing plug, one end of the second conduit is inserted into the liquid storage bottle, and the other end of the second conduit is communicated with the external environment.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the distance between the lower end of the first conduit and the bottom of the liquid storage bottle is smaller than the distance between the lower end of the second conduit and the bottom of the liquid storage bottle.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the simulated lung is made of a balloon.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the inflation unit is an inflator or an inflation pump.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the mould also comprises a supporting plate, and the mould is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate.

Compared with the prior art, the teaching aid for closed thoracic drainage teaching provided by the preferred embodiment of the utility model simulates the relative relation among the lung, the thoracic cavity and the pleural cavity as much as possible. The total volume of the chest cavity remains constant and the degree of expansion and collapse of the lungs is regulated by the inflation unit. As the volume of the lung increases, fluid located in the pleural cavity can be drained through the drain tube by the air pressure. The drainage device positioned at the tail end of the drainage tube can more intuitively display the drainage effect of the drainage tube. Liquid is stored in the liquid storage bottle, the tail end of the first guide pipe is located below the liquid level, the tail end of the second guide pipe is located above the liquid level, when the discharged fluid is liquid, the liquid level in the liquid storage bottle can be seen to rise, and when the discharged fluid is gas, the tail end of the first guide pipe can be seen to have bubbles to rise.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a teaching aid for closed thoracic drainage teaching of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the teaching aid for closed thoracic drainage teaching of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the support plate in fig. 2.

In the figure: 1. simulating a lung; 2. simulating a chest wall; 21. a first jack; 22. a second jack; 3. simulating an air pipe; 4. a drainage tube; 5. an inflation unit; 6. a thyroid cartilage model; 7. a drainage device; 71. a liquid storage bottle; 72. a first conduit; 73. a second conduit; 8. and a support plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the utility model, and not restrictive of the full scope of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.

The technical solution of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The utility model provides a teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage, which shows the position relation among the lung, the chest wall and the pleural cavity in an intuitive mode and also clearly shows the working principle of closed thoracic drainage.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the teaching aid for closed thoracic drainage teaching comprises a model and an inflation unit 5, wherein the model comprises a simulated lung 1, a simulated chest wall 2 and a simulated trachea 3, and the simulated lung 1 is positioned in the simulated chest wall 2; the simulation chest wall 2 is of a cavity type structure with a fixed volume, a first insertion hole 21 and a second insertion hole 22 are formed in the side wall of the simulation chest wall 2, the simulation air pipe 3 can be communicated with the simulation lung 1 in the simulation chest wall 2 through the first insertion hole 21, and a drainage pipe 4 is arranged on the second insertion hole 22; the inflation unit 5 is positioned outside the simulated chest wall 2 and communicated with the simulated trachea 3; when the inflation unit 5 is activated, the simulated lung 1 can expand due to inflation.

The pleural cavity is the area between the simulated lung 1 and the simulated chest wall 2. When the teaching aid is used, the size of the simulated lung 1 can be effectively adjusted by adjusting the inflation quantity of the inflation unit 5 in the simulated lung 1. In the process of simulating the gradual enlargement of the lung 1, the fluid positioned in the pleural cavity can be discharged through the drainage tube 4 under the action of pressure, so that the working principle and effect of closed thoracic drainage can be visually displayed.

For convenience of illustration, the simulated chest wall 2 is made of transparent material.

During the demonstration, the user can visually see the change process of the simulated lung 1 in the simulated chest wall 2 through the simulated chest wall 2 made of transparent material.

In general, the simulated chest wall 2 can be a cylindrical structure and the volume of the simulated chest wall 2 can remain constant at all times.

It should be noted that the joint between the simulated chest wall 2 and the simulated trachea 3 is a sealed structure to ensure that gas does not leak from the joint and ensure the accuracy of the demonstration result.

In addition, it should be noted that the simulated lung 1 is made of a high elastic polymer material having reversible deformation, such as rubber. The whole structure of the simulated lung 1 is similar to a balloon, and when a large amount of gas is filled into the simulated lung 1, the volume of the simulated lung 1 is expanded; the volume of the simulated balloon is reduced as its internal gas is reduced.

As an alternative embodiment, the number of simulated lungs 1 corresponds to the number of simulated chest walls 2 and simulated trachea 3 and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

Based on practical considerations, the number of simulated lungs 1 is two, and therefore the number of corresponding simulated chest walls 2 and simulated trachea 3 is also two, and the number of inflation cells 5 is also two.

It is noted that one of the two simulated lungs 1 may then serve as a control test, i.e. the drain tube 4 is connected to only one of the simulated chest walls 2, and the simulated chest wall 2 not connected to the drain tube 4 is also in a sealed state.

As an alternative embodiment, the inflation unit 5 is an inflator or an inflator.

As an alternative embodiment, two simulated air tubes 3 are fixedly arranged at the end far away from the simulated lung 1, and the simulated air tubes 3 are in a Y-shaped structure. The structure is closer to the structure of the human body, which is helpful for students to understand.

As an alternative embodiment, the end of the simulated trachea 3 remote from the simulated lung 1 is provided with a thyroid cartilage model.

In order to be more convenient, the audio-visual effect that shows this drainage, as optional embodiment, this teaching aid still includes the drainage device 7 that links to each other with drainage tube 4, drainage device 7 includes stock solution bottle 71, first pipe 72 and second pipe 73, the bottleneck department of stock solution bottle 71 is provided with the sealing plug, the one end of first pipe 72 links to each other with drainage device 7, the other end passes through the sealing plug and inserts in stock solution bottle 71, one of second pipe 73 inserts in stock solution bottle 71, the other end communicates external environment.

As an alternative embodiment, the distance between the lower end of the first conduit 72 and the bottom of the liquid storage bottle 71 is smaller than the distance between the lower end of the second conduit 73 and the bottom of the liquid storage bottle 71.

Specifically, a part of the liquid is stored in the liquid storage bottle 71, wherein the lower end of the first conduit 72 extends below the liquid level, and the lower end of the second conduit 73 is located above the liquid level.

In order to improve the display effect, the liquid in the liquid storage bottle 71 can be colored liquid, and the liquid in the pleural cavity for displaying is another colored liquid.

Example 2:

the present embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 in that: the teaching aid now also comprises a support plate 8, as shown in fig. 2.

The support plate 8 is located on one side of the above-mentioned models, and all the models are fixedly arranged on the support plate 8. The supporting plate 8 can be placed on a horizontal plane vertically or relatively obliquely for the convenience of demonstration.

As shown in fig. 3, the support plate 8 is provided with a support structure on the side remote from the mould.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. Teaching aid is used in teaching of thorax closed drainage, its characterized in that includes:

a model comprising a simulated lung (1), a simulated chest wall (2) and a simulated trachea (3), the simulated lung (1) being located within the simulated chest wall (2); the simulation chest wall (2) is of a cavity type structure with a fixed volume, a first insertion hole (21) and a second insertion hole (22) are formed in the side wall of the simulation chest wall (2), the simulation trachea (3) can be communicated with the simulation lung (1) in the simulation chest wall (2) through the first insertion hole (21), and a drainage tube (4) is arranged on the second insertion hole (22);

the inflation unit (5) is positioned outside the simulated chest wall (2) and communicated with the simulated trachea (3);

when the inflation unit (5) is activated, the simulated lung (1) can expand as a result of inflation.

2. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 1, wherein the number of simulated lungs (1) is the same as the number of simulated chest walls (2) and simulated trachea (3) and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence.

3. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 2, wherein the number of simulated lungs (1) is two.

4. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 3, wherein the two simulated air tubes (3) are fixedly arranged at the ends far away from the simulated lung (1), and the simulated air tubes (3) are Y-shaped.

5. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 4, wherein the simulated trachea (3) is provided with a thyroid cartilage model (6) at the end remote from the simulated lung (1).

6. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 1, further comprising a drainage device (7) connected to the drainage tube (4), wherein the drainage device (7) comprises a liquid storage bottle (71), a first conduit (72) and a second conduit (73), a sealing plug is arranged at the bottle mouth of the liquid storage bottle (71), one end of the first conduit (72) is connected to the drainage device (7), the other end of the first conduit is inserted into the liquid storage bottle (71) through the sealing plug, one end of the second conduit (73) is inserted into the liquid storage bottle (71), and the other end of the second conduit is communicated with the external environment.

7. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 6, wherein the distance between the lower end of the first conduit (72) and the bottom of the reservoir (71) is smaller than the distance between the lower end of the second conduit (73) and the bottom of the reservoir (71).

8. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 1, wherein the simulated lung (1) is machined from a balloon.

9. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 1, wherein the inflating unit (5) is an inflator or an inflator pump.

10. A teaching aid for teaching closed thoracic drainage according to claim 1, further comprising a support plate (8), wherein the model is fixedly arranged on the support plate (8).