CN216769789U

CN216769789U - Flue gas waste heat utilization system and residential building

Info

Publication number: CN216769789U
Application number: CN202220472851.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王军; 冯新越
Original assignee: Sichuan University
Current assignee: Sichuan University
Priority date: 2022-03-03
Filing date: 2022-03-03
Publication date: 2022-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-03

Abstract

The application provides a flue gas waste heat utilization system and residential architecture relates to residential architecture energy recycle technical field. The flue gas waste heat utilization system comprises a discharge flue, an air source heat pump and a water storage tank; the air source heat pump comprises an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser, a circulation loop used for circulation working medium flowing is formed between the evaporator and the compressor and between the evaporator and the condenser, the discharge flue is connected with the evaporator, the evaporator is used for providing a place where the circulation working medium is heated and evaporated by smoke, the compressor is used for heating and boosting the circulation working medium after evaporation, and the condenser is used for carrying out heat exchange between the condenser and the water storage tank. The residential building comprises the flue gas waste heat utilization system. When the flue gas waste heat utilization system of this application used, compare in the flue gas directly to cold water heating, flue gas waste heat system's waste heat utilization ratio obviously improves, and when the flue gas temperature was not enough, also can heat cold water to the temperature that satisfies the demand.

Description

Flue gas waste heat utilization system and residential building

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of energy recycling of residential buildings, in particular to a flue gas waste heat utilization system and a residential building.

Background

The traditional residential building directly discharges the flue gas to the atmosphere from the discharge flue, and the waste heat in the flue gas is not fully utilized, so that the heat in the flue gas is lost. In recent years, along with the advocation of near-zero energy consumption buildings, zero energy consumption buildings and the proposal of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization targets, the problem of energy conservation is increasingly important. Therefore, a system for utilizing the residual heat of the flue gas in the residential buildings is needed to solve the problem of the waste of the residual heat of the flue gas in the existing residential buildings. At present, the traditional mode is that the flue gas directly heats cold water, and the upper limit of the temperature rise of the cold water depends on the temperature of the flue gas, so the utilization rate of the flue gas waste heat is not high, and the temperature of the cold water after heating can not reach the use temperature.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the not enough among the prior art, this application provides a flue gas waste heat utilization system and residential architecture.

The application provides the following technical scheme:

a flue gas waste heat utilization system comprises a discharge flue, an air source heat pump and a water storage tank; the air source heat pump comprises an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser, wherein the evaporator is connected with the compressor and the condenser to form a circulation loop for circulation working medium flowing, the discharge flue is connected with the evaporator, the evaporator is used for providing a place where the circulation working medium is heated and evaporated by smoke, the compressor is used for heating and boosting the circulation working medium after evaporation, and the condenser is used for carrying out heat exchange with the water storage tank.

In a possible implementation mode, the discharge flue is connected with the evaporator through a first air duct, and an air suction pump is arranged on the first air duct.

In a possible implementation mode, a second air duct is arranged on the discharge flue, and the discharge flue is communicated with the atmosphere through the second air duct.

In a possible implementation mode, a third air duct is arranged on the evaporator, and the evaporator is communicated with the atmosphere through the third air duct.

In a possible implementation mode, a second air duct is arranged on the discharge flue, and a first valve is arranged on the second air duct; a second valve is arranged on the first air duct; and a third air duct is arranged on the evaporator, and a third valve is arranged on the third air duct.

In a possible implementation manner, the flue gas waste heat utilization system further includes a control device, and the control device is respectively connected to the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve.

In a possible embodiment, a pressure sensor is arranged on the first airway tube, and the pressure sensor is connected with the control device.

In a possible implementation manner, an expander is arranged between the evaporator and the condenser, and the expander is used for reducing the temperature and the pressure of the circulating working medium condensed by the condenser.

In a possible embodiment, the bottom of the discharge flue is provided with a flue gas filter.

In a second aspect, the application further provides a residential building, which comprises the flue gas waste heat utilization system.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the application are that:

the embodiment of the application provides a flue gas waste heat utilization system is in through the flue gas right in the evaporimeter cycle fluid heats, and liquid phase cycle fluid heat absorption becomes gaseous phase, gaseous phase cycle fluid be in the condenser with cold water in the cistern takes place the heat exchange, becomes hot water with the cold water heating, when the temperature of flue gas is lower, the compressor can with gaseous phase cycle fluid intensifies and steps up, in order to improve the temperature behind the cold water heating in the cistern. When the flue gas waste heat utilization system of this application used, compare in the flue gas directly to cold water heating, flue gas waste heat system's waste heat utilization ratio obviously improves, and when the flue gas temperature was not enough, also can heat cold water to the temperature that satisfies the demand.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic working flow diagram of a flue gas waste heat utilization system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of an evaporator according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 shows a top view of the evaporator of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 shows a schematic workflow diagram of a flue gas waste heat utilization system according to another embodiment of the present application.

Description of the main element symbols:

1-a discharge flue; 2-a flue gas filter; 3-air source heat pump; 4-a water storage tank; 5-a user terminal; 6-an air pump; 7-an evaporator; 8-a condenser; 9-a compressor; 10-an expander; 11-a first airway tube; 12-a second airway tube; 13-a third airway tube; 14-a first water supply pipe; 15-a first water return pipe; 16-a second water supply pipe; 17-a second water return pipe; 18-a first valve; 19-a second valve; 20-a third valve; 21-a fourth valve; 22-a fifth valve; 23-a sixth valve; 24-a pressure sensor; 25-a control device; 26-a smoke inlet; 27-a smoke outlet; 28-circulation inlet; 29-a recycle outlet; 30-cycle working medium; 31-bundle of tubes.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present application provides a flue gas waste heat utilization system. The flue gas waste heat utilization system is used in residential buildings to make full use of the waste heat of flue gas.

Referring to fig. 1, the flue gas waste heat utilization system includes a discharge flue 1, an air source heat pump 3 and a water storage tank 4; the discharge flue 1 is used for providing high-temperature flue gas to the air source heat pump 3, the water storage tank 4 is in holding cold water, the air source heat pump 3 can utilize the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas, will the cold water heating of water storage tank 4.

The air source heat pump 3 comprises an evaporator 7, a compressor 9 and a condenser 8, wherein the evaporator 7, the compressor 9 and the condenser 8 are connected with each other to form a circulation loop for circulating working medium 30 to flow. The discharge flue 1 is connected with the evaporator 7, the evaporator 7 is used for providing a place where the circulating working medium 30 is heated and evaporated by flue gas, the compressor 9 is used for heating and boosting the evaporated circulating working medium 30, and the condenser 8 is used for exchanging heat with the water storage tank 4.

The smoke exhaust duct 1 is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe in a residential building, and the smoke exhaust pipe in the residential building can be a pipeline of a smoke exhaust ventilator and other pipelines for exhausting high-temperature smoke in life. The discharge flue 1 is connected with the evaporator 7 through a first gas guide tube 11, so that the flue gas can enter the evaporator 7 through the first gas guide tube 11. The first air duct 11 is arranged at the top of the discharge flue 1 to reduce the local resistance loss of the flue gas and improve the utilization rate of the flue gas.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the discharge flue 1 is provided with a flue gas filter 2, and the flue gas filter 2 is used for filtering impurities in flue gas to prevent the impurities from entering the discharge flue 1 and the evaporator 7, so as to prevent the impurities from polluting or damaging the components.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a smoke inlet 26 is provided on the left side of the evaporator 7, and a smoke outlet 27 is provided on the right side of the evaporator 7; the smoke inlet 26 is connected with the first air duct 11 and is used for enabling smoke to enter the evaporator 7 from the smoke exhaust channel 1; the outlet 27 is connected to the outside air for discharging the flue gas out of the evaporator 7.

A circulating inlet 28 is arranged below the evaporator 7, and the circulating inlet 28 is connected with the condenser 8 through a pipeline; a circulation outlet 29 is arranged above the evaporator 7, the circulation outlet 29 is connected with the compressor 9 through a pipeline, the compressor 9 is connected with the condenser 8 through another pipeline, and a circulation loop is formed among the evaporator 7, the compressor 9 and the condenser 8.

Be equipped with tube bank 31 in the evaporimeter 7, the both ends of tube bank 31 respectively with circulation export 29, circulation import 28 intercommunication, tube bank 31 is used for holding cycle working medium 30 for flue gas from enter smoke mouth 26 not when getting into in the evaporimeter 7 with cycle working medium 30 direct contact, in order to avoid the flue gas pollution cycle working medium 30.

In some embodiments, the position of the smoke inlet 26 on the evaporator 7 is lower than the position of the smoke outlet 27, so that the smoke entering the evaporator 7 can be in sufficient contact with the circulating working medium 30 in the tube bundle 31 to utilize the residual heat of the smoke to the maximum extent.

In some embodiments, a purifier (not shown) is disposed at the smoke outlet 27, and the purifier is used for purifying the smoke discharged from the evaporator 7 to reduce pollution of the smoke to the outside air.

After the high-temperature flue gas enters the evaporator 7, the high-temperature flue gas heats the circulating working medium 30 in the tube bundle 31, the circulating working medium 30 absorbs the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, the heat is evaporated and changed from a liquid phase to a gas phase, and the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is transferred into the circulating working medium 30.

Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the tube bundles 31 are arranged in a 4 × 5 array in the evaporator 7, and the extension direction of the tube bundles 31 is parallel to the height direction of the evaporator 7. In other embodiments, the arrangement of the tube bundle 31 in the evaporator 7 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, so as to maximize the utilization rate of the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, when the evaporator 7 works, the circulating working medium 30 in the tube bundle 31 is a liquid phase region, a gas-liquid mixing region, and a gas phase region from bottom to top. After entering the evaporator 7 from the circulation inlet 28, the liquid-phase circulation working medium 30 is heated by the high-temperature flue gas and changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase, and the gas-phase circulation working medium 30 flows to the condenser 8 from the circulation outlet 29.

The water storage tank 4 is used for storing cold water, a first water return pipe 15 is connected to the lower portion of the water storage tank 4, a first water supply pipe 14 is connected to the upper portion of the water storage tank 4, and a circulation loop is formed among the water storage tank 4, the first water return pipe 15 and the first water supply pipe 14. A fourth valve 21 is arranged on the first water return pipe 15, and the fourth valve 21 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first water return pipe 15.

When the gaseous circulating working medium 30 flows to the condenser 8, the circulating working medium 30 with a higher temperature in the condenser 8 exchanges heat with the cold water in the first water return pipe 15 to heat the cold water, and the heated hot water flows back to the water storage tank 4 through the first water supply pipe 14, so that the original cold water in the water storage tank 4 is heated into hot water capable of meeting the use requirement.

In some embodiments, the heated hot water flows into the first return pipe 15 again to exchange heat with the circulating working medium 30 in the condenser 8 again, so as to keep the temperature of the hot water in the water storage tank 4 at all times.

The condenser 8 is connected with the evaporator 7 through a pipeline, heat is released after the heat exchange between the gas-phase circulating working medium 30 at the condenser 8 and cold water is carried out, the gas phase is changed into a liquid phase, and the liquid-phase circulating working medium 30 flows back to the circulating inlet 28 through the pipeline, so that the circulating working medium 30 enters the evaporator 7 to be repeatedly used.

A compressor 9 is arranged between the circulation outlet 29 of the evaporator 7 and the pipeline of the condenser 8. When the temperature of the flue gas is low and is not enough to heat the cold water into hot water meeting the use condition, the compressor 9 is used for compressing the gas-phase cycle working medium 30 flowing out from the cycle outlet 29 into high-temperature high-pressure gas so as to further increase the temperature of the cycle working medium 30, and the cycle working medium 30 with the higher temperature after being compressed enters the condenser 8 so that the hot water in the water storage tank 4 reaches the use temperature after heat exchange.

The operator can adjust the compression ratio of the compressor 9 to adjust the temperature of the gas-phase cycle working medium 30 compressed by the compressor 9. The compressor 9 is connected with a power supply (not shown) for driving the compressor 9 to work.

In some implementations, an expander 10 is arranged between the circulating inlet 28 and the pipeline of the condenser 8, and the expander 10 can reduce the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating working medium 30 flowing out of the condenser 8 by virtue of throttling action, so that the heat absorption capacity is recovered when the circulating working medium 30 flows back into the evaporator 7, and the continuous use of the flue gas waste heat utilization system is ensured.

In some embodiments, the flue gas waste heat utilization system further comprises a user end 5, and the water storage tank 4 is connected with the user end 5 through a second water supply pipe 16 and a second water return pipe 17. The heated hot water in the water storage tank 4 enters the user terminal 5 through the second water supply pipe 16, and the cold water flows into the water storage tank 4 through the second water return pipe 17. A fifth valve 22 is arranged on the second water supply pipe 16, a sixth valve 23 is arranged on the second water return pipe 17, and the fifth valve 22 and the sixth valve 23 are respectively used for controlling the opening and closing of the second water supply pipe 16 and the second water return pipe 17.

The user end 5 can be a water heater or other equipment needing hot water, the hot water heated in the water storage tank 4 is used for the user end 5, and the second water return pipe 17 can be communicated with a cold water pipe of the user end 5 to provide cold water in the water storage tank 4 again.

The cycle working medium 30 can be freon or other cycle working mediums 30 which can be used as refrigerants.

The flue gas waste heat utilization system that this application embodiment provided is in through the flue gas it is right in the evaporimeter 7 cycle medium 30 heats, and liquid phase cycle medium 30 absorbs heat and becomes the gaseous phase, gaseous phase cycle medium 30 be in the condenser 8 with cold water in the water storage box 4 takes place the heat exchange, becomes hot water with the cold water heating, when the temperature of flue gas is lower, compressor 9 can be with the gaseous phase cycle medium 30 intensifies and steps up to improve the temperature behind the cold water heating in the water storage box 4. When the flue gas waste heat utilization system of this application used, compare in the flue gas directly to cold water heating, flue gas waste heat system's waste heat utilization ratio obviously improves, and when the flue gas temperature was not enough, also can heat cold water to the temperature that satisfies the demand.

Example two

Referring to fig. 4, the system for utilizing waste heat of flue gas provided in this embodiment can be applied to residential buildings. The present embodiment is an improvement on the technology of the first embodiment, and compared with the first embodiment, the difference is that:

in some embodiments, the first air duct 11 is provided with an air extracting pump 6, and the air extracting pump 6 is used for extracting the flue gas in the discharge flue 1 so as to improve the utilization rate of the flue gas.

In some embodiments, a second air duct 12 is connected to the top of the discharge flue 1, the discharge flue 1 is communicated with the atmosphere through the second air duct 12, a first valve 18 is arranged on the second air duct 12, and when the air source heat pump 3 fails and cannot be used, the first valve 18 is opened, so that the smoke is discharged from the second air duct 12. So as to prevent the flue gas from damaging the inside of the system when the air source heat pump 3 fails.

In some embodiments, a second valve 19 is disposed on the first air duct 11, and the second valve 19 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the first air duct 11.

In some embodiments, a third air duct 13 is connected to the evaporator 7, the evaporator 7 is communicated with the atmosphere through the third air duct 13, a third valve 20 is arranged on the third air duct 13, when the pressure in the discharge flue 1 is insufficient, the third valve 20 is opened, and the evaporator 7 can absorb heat in the atmosphere to maintain the operation of the evaporator 7.

In some embodiments, a pressure sensor 24 is disposed on the first gas guiding tube 11, the pressure sensor 24 is located between the second valve 19 and the third valve 20, and the pressure sensor 24 is used for detecting the gas pressure in the first gas guiding tube 11, so as to facilitate determining whether the amount of flue gas in the discharge flue 1 is insufficient.

In some embodiments, the system for utilizing the residual heat from the flue gas further comprises a control device 25, and the control device 25 is connected to the first valve 18, the second valve 19, and the third valve 20, respectively. When the air source heat pump 3 is in failure, the pressure sensor 24 detects that the gas pressure in the first gas guide pipe 11 is too high, the control device 25 can control the first valve 18 to be opened, and the second valve 19 to be closed, so that the smoke is discharged from the second gas guide pipe 12. When the pressure sensor 24 detects that the pressure of the gas in the first gas guiding tube 11 is insufficient, the control device 25 can control the third valve 20 to open, so that the evaporator 7 absorbs the heat of the gas in the atmosphere through the third gas guiding tube 13.

EXAMPLE III

The embodiment provides a residential building, which comprises the flue gas waste heat utilization system of the embodiment.

The flue gas waste heat utilization system is arranged in the residential building, and high-temperature flue gas generated in the residential building during cooking can be fully utilized through the flue gas waste heat utilization system to heat cold water in the water storage tank 4 into hot water meeting use conditions, so that the problem of flue gas waste heat waste in the existing residential building is solved.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flue gas waste heat utilization system is characterized by comprising a discharge flue, an air source heat pump and a water storage tank; the air source heat pump comprises an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser, wherein the evaporator is connected with the compressor and the condenser to form a circulation loop for circulation working medium flowing, the discharge flue is connected with the evaporator, the evaporator is used for providing a place where the circulation working medium is heated and evaporated by smoke, the compressor is used for heating and boosting the circulation working medium after evaporation, and the condenser is used for carrying out heat exchange with the water storage tank.

2. The flue gas waste heat utilization system of claim 1, wherein the discharge flue is connected with the evaporator through a first gas guide pipe, and a suction pump is arranged on the first gas guide pipe.

3. The flue gas waste heat utilization system of claim 1 or 2, wherein a second air duct is arranged on the discharge flue, and the discharge flue is communicated with the atmosphere through the second air duct.

4. The flue gas waste heat utilization system of claim 1, wherein a third air duct is arranged on the evaporator, and the evaporator is communicated with the atmosphere through the third air duct.

5. The flue gas waste heat utilization system of claim 2, wherein a second gas-guide tube is arranged on the discharge flue, and a first valve is arranged on the second gas-guide tube; a second valve is arranged on the first air duct; and a third air duct is arranged on the evaporator, and a third valve is arranged on the third air duct.

6. The flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 5, further comprising a control device, wherein the control device is connected to the first valve, the second valve and the third valve respectively.

7. The flue gas waste heat utilization system of claim 6, wherein the first gas-guide tube is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is connected with the control device.

8. The flue gas waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, wherein an expander is arranged between the evaporator and the condenser, and the expander is used for reducing the temperature and the pressure of the circulating working medium condensed by the condenser.

9. The flue gas waste heat utilization system of claim 1, wherein a flue gas filter is arranged at the bottom of the discharge flue.

10. Residential building, characterized in that it comprises a flue gas waste heat utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.