CN216767253U - Top drive type rock drill - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a top-drive rock drill, which comprises a front cylinder seat and an impact hammer arranged on the left side of the front cylinder seat, wherein a drill rod tail is movably arranged in an inner cavity of the front cylinder seat, and a swing mechanism is arranged on the front cylinder seat and can drive the drill rod tail to rotate in the inner cavity of the front cylinder seat; the impact hammer comprises an impact cylinder body and an impact piston movably installed in an inner cavity of the impact cylinder body, the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body and an inner cavity of the front cylinder seat are arranged in a collinear mode, and the impact piston reciprocates in the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body and can repeatedly strike the drill shank. By adopting the nitrogen spring as impact energy and the hydraulic control oil way as return energy, the impact speed reaches 8m/s, the striking work reaches more than 60j, and compared with a pneumatic structure, the drilling forming is good, the drilling speed is high, and the drilling speed can reach 2 m/min; and the noise is low and is not more than 100 decibels, so that the working environment can be improved.

Description

Top drive type rock drill

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a top drive type rock drill.

Background

The rock drill is a tool used for directly exploiting stone materials, the rock drill with the drill hole diameter of phi 48-62 on the site generally adopts a pneumatic type, namely, compressed air is adopted as a transmission energy mode, the pressure reached by the compressed air is lower and generally less than 1MPa, in order to crush the rock and obtain larger impact energy, the design of the compression area of a piston is very large, so that the gas consumption is large, the energy consumption is large, and the striking speed is only 15 cm/min; meanwhile, because of more equipment, long transmission distance and large pipeline loss, the energy utilization rate is only about 18 percent, and the noise is high and can reach 130 decibels.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that a rock drill with a drilling diameter phi of 48-62 on the site generally adopts a pneumatic type, namely, compressed air is adopted as a transmission energy mode, the pressure reached by the compressed air is lower and is generally less than 1MPa, so that rock can be broken to obtain larger impact energy, the design of the compression area of a piston is very large, the air consumption is large, the energy consumption is large, and the striking speed is only 15 cm/min; meanwhile, as the number of devices is large, the transmission distance is long, the pipeline loss is large, the energy utilization rate is only about 18 percent, and the noise is large and can reach 130 decibels.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows: a top-drive rock drill comprises a front cylinder base and an impact hammer arranged on the left side of the front cylinder base, wherein a drill shank is movably arranged in an inner cavity of the front cylinder base, and a swing mechanism is arranged on the front cylinder base and can drive the drill shank to rotate in the inner cavity of the front cylinder base; the impact hammer comprises an impact cylinder body and an impact piston movably installed in an inner cavity of the impact cylinder body, the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body and an inner cavity of the front cylinder seat are arranged in a collinear mode, and the impact piston reciprocates in the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body and can repeatedly strike the drill shank.

Further: a nitrogen spring is arranged on the impact cylinder body and positioned on the right side of the impact piston, and the nitrogen spring can push the impact piston to move leftwards along the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body; and a hydraulic control oil way is also arranged in the impact cylinder body and can drive the impact piston to overcome the thrust of the nitrogen spring to move rightwards.

Further: the hydraulic control oil way comprises a first oil groove, a second oil groove and a third oil groove which are sequentially arranged on the inner cavity wall of the impact cylinder body from left to right, the first oil groove, the second oil groove and the third oil groove are all arranged along the circumferential direction, the first oil groove is connected with a first oil port, the second oil groove is connected with a second oil port, and the third oil groove is connected with a third oil port; a first sealing step and a second sealing step which are raised along the circumferential direction are arranged in the middle of the impact piston from left to right, the first sealing step and the second sealing step are both arranged in a sealing manner with the wall of the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body, a first oil channel is formed in the space on the left side of the first sealing step in the gap between the impact piston and the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body, and a second oil channel is formed in the space between the first sealing step and the second sealing step; when the impact piston moves to the left position, the second oil groove is communicated with the third oil groove through the second oil duct; when the impact piston moves to the right position, the first oil groove is communicated with the second oil groove through the first oil passage.

Further: the hydraulic control oil circuit also comprises a control valve arranged on the impact cylinder body, an oil inlet, an oil return port and a valve cavity are arranged in a valve body of the control valve, a large valve core is arranged in the valve cavity in a sliding manner, the outer wall of the large valve core is arranged in a sealing manner with the inner wall of the valve cavity, a fourth oil port is arranged on the valve body, and the fourth oil port is in butt joint communication with the first oil port; when the big valve core moves to the left position, the fourth oil port is communicated with the oil inlet; and when the big valve core moves to the right position, the fourth oil port is communicated with the oil return port.

Further: a valve core limiting block is installed on the left side of the valve cavity, a valve seat is installed on the right side of the valve cavity, a first valve hole which is opened leftwards along the axial direction is formed in the valve seat, a small valve core is movably installed in the first valve hole, the outer wall of the small valve core is arranged in a sealing mode with the hole wall of the first valve hole, a right pressure cavity is formed in the first valve hole and located on the right side of the small valve core, a third oil duct is arranged on the valve seat, and the oil inlet is communicated with the right pressure cavity through the third oil duct; the right part of the big valve core is provided with an outward convex pressure step, the right part of the valve cavity is provided with a first mounting groove matched with the pressure step, the diameter size of the first mounting groove is larger than that of the valve cavity, the outer wall of the pressure step and the groove bottom of the first mounting groove are arranged in a sealing mode, the pressure step can slide left and right along the first mounting groove, a left pressure cavity is formed between the left pressure surface of the pressure step and the valve cavity, a third oil cavity is formed between the right end surface of the pressure step and the valve seat, and the third oil cavity is communicated with the oil return port; when the pressure in the right pressure cavity is higher than the pressure in the left pressure cavity, the small valve core pushes the large valve core to move left synchronously; when the pressure in the left pressure cavity is larger than the pressure in the right pressure cavity, the big valve core pushes the small valve core to move right synchronously.

Further: the inner wall of the valve cavity is sequentially provided with a concave fourth oil groove, a concave fifth oil groove, a concave sixth oil groove, a concave seventh oil groove and a concave eighth oil groove from left to right, the fourth oil groove is connected with the fourth oil port, the fifth oil groove is communicated with the oil inlet, the seventh oil groove is communicated with the left pressure cavity, the seventh oil groove is connected with a seventh oil port, the seventh oil port is communicated with the sixth oil groove through a first connecting hole, the seventh oil port is in butt joint communication with the second oil port, the eighth oil groove is arranged in the third oil cavity and is connected with an eighth oil port, and the eighth oil port is in butt joint communication with the third oil port; the middle part of the outer wall of the big valve core is provided with an inwards concave connecting groove, a second valve hole which is opened leftwards along the axial direction is arranged in the big valve core, and a second connecting hole which is communicated with the second valve hole is also formed in the right end face of the big valve core; when the big valve core moves to the left position, the fifth oil groove is communicated with the fourth oil groove through a connecting groove; when the big valve core moves to the right position, the fourth oil groove is communicated with the second valve hole through the valve cavity, and the fifth oil groove is communicated with the sixth oil groove through the connecting groove.

Further: the slewing mechanism comprises a gear seat, a gearwheel and a pinion, the gear seat is fixedly installed on the left side of the front cylinder seat, the gearwheel is rotatably installed in the gear seat through a tapered roller bearing, the pinion is rotatably installed in the gear seat through a cylindrical roller bearing, the gearwheel is meshed with the pinion, a motor is arranged on the gear seat, and an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with one end of the pinion and can drive the pinion to rotate; the drill bit shank is inserted into the inner hole of the large gear and can move in the inner hole of the large gear along the axial direction, an inner tooth key is arranged in the inner hole of the large gear, and an outer tooth key meshed with the inner tooth key is arranged on the drill bit shank.

Further: the drill bit is characterized in that an annular clamping head protruding outwards in the radial direction is arranged on the left side of the outer toothed key in the middle of the drill bit shank, a second mounting groove recessed inwards in the axial direction is formed in the right end face of the front cylinder seat, a stop sleeve is fixedly mounted in the second mounting groove, an inward protruding limiting clamping table is arranged at one end, away from the gear seat, of an inner hole of the stop sleeve in the circumferential direction, the outer diameter of the annular clamping head is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting clamping table and smaller than the inner diameter of the stop sleeve, and the limiting clamping table and the left end face of the gear seat form a limiting area for the annular clamping head to move.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: a third mounting groove which is inwards concave along the axial direction is arranged on the left end surface of the front cylinder seat, a front cylinder copper sleeve is fixedly mounted in the third mounting groove, and the left part of the drill shank is rotatably mounted in an inner hole of the front cylinder copper sleeve and can axially move in the inner hole of the front cylinder copper sleeve; the slewing mechanism is also fixedly provided with a positioning sleeve, a thrust sleeve which is coaxial with the front cylinder copper sleeve is fixedly arranged in the positioning sleeve, and the right part of the drill bit shank is rotatably arranged in an inner hole of the thrust sleeve and can move in the inner hole of the thrust sleeve along the axial direction; the inner hole wall of the front cylinder copper sleeve and the thrust sleeve is provided with a lubricating oil groove, the lubricating oil groove is spiral in shape, a dust cover is fixedly mounted on the left end face of the front cylinder base, and a dust ring and a Stent seal are mounted in the dust cover.

The top drive type rock drill has the beneficial effects that the nitrogen gas spring is used as impact energy, the hydraulic control oil way is used as return energy, the impact speed reaches 8m/s, the striking power reaches more than 60j, the impact frequency is 50HZ, and compared with an air-driven structure, the top drive type rock drill is small in size, good in drilling forming and high in speed, and the drilling speed can reach 2 m/min; and the noise is low and is not more than 100 decibels, so that the working environment can be improved. Meanwhile, a control valve in the hydraulic control oil way adopts a differential design of a large valve core and a small valve core, so that the reversing oil consumption is low, and the response time is short. The structural design of the front cylinder copper sleeve in the front cylinder seat and the stopping push sleeve of the rotary box body enables the drill rod shank to obtain front and rear support, and the outer circle is used for centering, so that the centering performance of the drill rod shank during impact is guaranteed, and the striking force is improved.

Drawings

The utility model is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a top drive rock drill according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a top drive rock drill of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the impact cylinder;

FIG. 4 is a schematic of the structure of the impulse piston;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the control valve;

FIG. 6 is a schematic of the structure in the control valve chamber;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a large valve spool and a small valve spool;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a state of a kicking start;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the finish state of the forward stroke;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a state where the backhaul is started;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the return to zero condition;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the gear seat mounted on the front cylinder seat;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the installation of the bull and pinion gears in the gear mount;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the construction of an external spline and ring clamp on a shank adapter;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the retainer and the dust cap mounted on the front cylinder block.

In the figure, 1, a front cylinder seat, 2, a drill shank, 3, an impact cylinder body, 4, an impact piston, 5, a nitrogen spring, 10, a first oil groove, 11, a second oil groove, 12, a third oil groove, 13, a first oil hole, 14, a second oil hole, 15, a third oil hole, 16, a first sealing step, 17, a second sealing step, 18, a first oil channel, 19, a second oil channel, 20, a control valve, 21, an oil inlet, 22, an oil return port, 23, a valve cavity, 24, a big valve core, 25, a fourth oil hole, 26, a valve core limiting block, 27, a valve seat, 28, a first valve hole, 29, a small valve core, 30, a right pressure cavity, 31, a third oil channel, 32, a pressure step, 33, a first mounting groove, 34, a left pressure cavity, 35, a third oil channel, 36, a fourth oil groove, 37, a fifth oil groove, 38, a sixth oil groove, 39, a seventh oil groove, 40, an eighth oil hole, 41, a seventh oil hole, 42, 40, a seventh oil hole, a sixth oil hole, a fourth oil hole, a, The hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a first connecting hole, 43, an eighth oil port, 44, a connecting groove, 45, a second valve hole, 46, a second connecting hole, 50, a gear seat, 51, a large gear, 52, a small gear, 53, a tapered roller bearing, 54, a cylindrical roller bearing, 55, a motor, 56, an inner tooth key, 57, an outer tooth key, 58, an annular clamping head, 59, a second mounting groove, 60, a retaining sleeve, 61, a limiting clamping table, 62, a limiting area, 63, a third mounting groove, 64, a front cylinder copper sleeve, 65, a positioning sleeve, 66, a thrust sleeve, 67, a lubricating oil groove, 68, a dust cover, 69, a dust ring, 70 and a step seal.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model provides a top-drive rock drill, which comprises a front cylinder base 1 and an impact hammer arranged on the left side of the front cylinder base 1, wherein a drill shank 2 is movably arranged in an inner cavity of the front cylinder base 1, and a slewing mechanism is arranged on the front cylinder base 1 and can drive the drill shank 2 to rotate in the inner cavity of the front cylinder base 1; the impact hammer comprises an impact cylinder body 3 and an impact piston 4 movably installed in an inner cavity of the impact cylinder body 3, the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body 3 and an inner cavity of the front cylinder seat 1 are arranged in a collinear mode, and the impact piston 4 can repeatedly strike the drill shank 2 after reciprocating in the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body 3.

When the drill bit is in work, the impact piston 4 reciprocates to repeatedly hit the drill bit 2, the drill bit 2 moves forward along the inner cavity of the front cylinder seat 1 to drive the drill bit to impact the rock, then the rotary mechanism drives the drill bit 2 to rotate for a certain angle, and the drill bit 2 moves forward under the impact of the impact piston 4 again to impact the rock, so that a plurality of dents are formed on the rock and the rock is conveniently crushed.

A nitrogen spring 5 is arranged on the impact cylinder 3 and positioned on the right side of the impact piston 4, and the nitrogen spring 5 can push the impact piston 4 to move leftwards along the inner cavity of the impact cylinder 3; a hydraulic control oil path is also arranged in the impact cylinder 3, and the hydraulic control oil path can drive the impact piston 4 to move rightwards against the thrust of the nitrogen spring 5.

According to the scheme, the nitrogen spring 5 is used as impact energy, and the hydraulic control oil way is used as return energy, so that the left movement and forward stroke and the right movement stroke of the impact piston 4 are alternately performed. The impact cylinder structure of this structure has the following advantages:

1. the output power is high, so that the highest pressure of the rock drill can reach 20 MPa;

2. the energy utilization rate is high and can reach more than 35 percent;

3. good lubrication, small abrasion and long service life;

4. the noise is low and does not exceed 100 decibels, so that the working environment is improved;

5. the drilling speed of the rock drill can reach 2m/min, and the striking speed of the pneumatic rock drill is only 15 cm/min.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the hydraulic control oil path includes a first oil groove 10, a second oil groove 11, and a third oil groove 12 sequentially disposed from left to right on the inner cavity wall of the impact cylinder 3, the first oil groove 10, the second oil groove 11, and the third oil groove 12 are circumferentially disposed, the first oil groove 10 is connected to a first oil port 13, the second oil groove 11 is connected to a second oil port 14, and the third oil groove 12 is connected to a third oil port 15; a first sealing step 16 and a second sealing step 17 which are raised along the circumferential direction are arranged in the middle of the impact piston 4 from left to right, the first sealing step 16 and the second sealing step 17 are both arranged in a sealing manner with the wall of the inner cavity of the impact cylinder 3, a first oil channel 18 is formed in the space on the left side of the first sealing step 16 in the gap between the impact piston 4 and the inner cavity of the impact cylinder 3, and a second oil channel 19 is formed in the space between the first sealing step 16 and the second sealing step 17; when the impact piston 4 moves to the left, the second oil groove 11 communicates with the third oil groove 12 through the second oil passage 19; when the impact piston 4 moves to the right, the first oil groove 10 communicates with the second oil groove 11 through the first oil passage 18.

The mode of adopting the nitrogen spring 5 as impact energy and the hydraulic control oil way as return energy has the advantages that the impact speed reaches 8m/s, the striking work reaches more than 60j, the impact frequency is 50HZ, the drilling forming is good, and the speed is high.

As shown in fig. 5, the hydraulic control oil circuit further includes a control valve 20 installed on the impact cylinder 3, an oil inlet 21, an oil return port 22 and a valve cavity 23 are arranged in a valve body of the control valve 20, a large valve core 24 is slidably arranged in the valve cavity 23, an outer wall of the large valve core 24 is hermetically arranged with an inner wall of the valve cavity 23, a fourth oil port 25 is arranged on the valve body, and the fourth oil port 25 is in butt joint communication with the first oil port 13; when the big valve core 24 moves to the left position, the fourth oil port 25 is communicated with the oil inlet 21; when the large valve core 24 moves to the right position, the fourth oil port 25 is communicated with the oil return port 22.

In the working process, the fourth oil port 25 is connected with the first oil port 13 of the impact cylinder body 3, the trend of an oil path is controlled by controlling the large valve core 24 to move between a left position and a right position in the valve cavity 23, when the large valve core 24 moves to the left position, the oil inlet 21 is communicated with the fourth oil port 25, and oil enters the impact cylinder body 3 after sequentially passing through the oil inlet 21, the fourth oil port 25 and the first oil port 13; when the big valve core 24 moves to the right position, the fourth oil port 25 is communicated with the oil return port 22, so that the oil return requirement of the impact cylinder is met, oil in the impact cylinder body 3 sequentially flows into the external oil tank through the first oil port 13, the fourth oil port 25 and the oil return port 22, the control mode of moving the big valve core 24 left and right positions reduces the space of the valve body, and meanwhile, the design enables the reversing oil consumption to be low and the response time to be short.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a valve core limiting block 26 is installed on the left side of the valve cavity 23, a valve seat 27 is installed on the right side of the valve cavity 23, a first valve hole 28 which is opened leftwards along the axial direction is formed in the valve seat 27, a small valve core 29 is movably installed in the first valve hole 28, the outer wall of the small valve core 29 is arranged in a sealing manner with the hole wall of the first valve hole 28, a right pressure cavity 30 is formed in the first valve hole 28 and located on the right side of the small valve core 29, a third oil channel 31 is arranged on the valve seat 27, and the oil inlet 21 is communicated with the right pressure cavity 30 through the third oil channel 31; the right part of the big valve core 24 is provided with an outward convex pressure step 32, the right part of the valve cavity 23 is provided with a first mounting groove 33 matched with the pressure step 32, the diameter size of the first mounting groove 33 is larger than that of the valve cavity 23, the outer wall of the pressure step 32 is hermetically arranged with the groove bottom of the first mounting groove 33, the pressure step 32 can slide left and right along the first mounting groove 33, a left pressure cavity 34 is formed between the left pressure surface of the pressure step 32 and the valve cavity 23, a third oil cavity 35 is formed between the right end surface of the pressure step 32 and the valve seat 27, and the third oil cavity 35 is communicated with the oil return opening 22; when the pressure in the right pressure chamber 30 is higher than the pressure in the left pressure chamber 34, the small valve core 29 pushes the large valve core 24 to move left synchronously; when the pressure in the left pressure chamber 34 is greater than the pressure in the right pressure chamber 30, the large spool 24 pushes the small spool 29 to move right synchronously.

When the hydraulic control valve works, the oil inlet 21 feeds oil into the right pressure chamber 30 through the third oil passage 31, when the pressure in the right pressure chamber 30 is greater than the pressure in the left pressure chamber 34, the small valve element 29 pushes the large valve element 24 to move to the left, and the small valve element 29 is controlled to move through pressure difference, so that the large valve element 24 is controlled to move to the left. Compared with a single valve core structure, the split type structure with the large valve core and the small valve core is low in manufacturing difficulty and convenient to assemble and disassemble.

An inwards concave fourth oil groove 36, a fifth oil groove 37, a sixth oil groove 38, a seventh oil groove 39 and an eighth oil groove 40 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the valve cavity 23 from left to right, the fourth oil groove 36 is connected with the fourth oil port 25, the fifth oil groove 37 is communicated with the oil inlet 21, the seventh oil groove 39 is communicated with the left pressure cavity 34, the seventh oil groove 39 is connected with a seventh oil port 41, the seventh oil port 41 is communicated with the sixth oil groove 38 through a first connecting hole 42, the seventh oil port 41 is communicated with the second oil port 14 in a butt joint manner, the eighth oil groove 40 is arranged in the third oil cavity 35 and is connected with an eighth oil port 43, and the eighth oil port 43 is communicated with the third oil port 15 in a butt joint manner; the middle part of the outer wall of the big valve core 24 is provided with an inwards concave connecting groove 44, a second valve hole 45 which is opened leftwards along the axial direction is arranged in the big valve core 24, and a second connecting hole 46 communicated with the second valve hole 45 is also formed in the right end face of the big valve core 24; when the large spool 24 moves to the left position, the fifth oil groove 37 communicates with the fourth oil groove 36 through a connecting groove 44; when the large spool 24 moves to the right position, the fourth oil groove 36 communicates with the second valve hole 45 through the valve chamber 23, and the fifth oil groove 37 communicates with the sixth oil groove 38 through the connecting groove 44.

In operation, and as shown in connection with figures 8, 9, 10 and 11, the impact piston 4 operates in four states and cycles between:

s1 is just starting, at this time, the large valve core 24 is at the right position, the impact piston 4 is at the right position, the first oil groove 10 is communicated with the second oil groove 11 through the first oil passage 18, the oil in the fifth oil groove 37 sequentially flows into the second oil port 14 of the ram cylinder through the connecting groove 44, the sixth oil groove 38 and the seventh oil port 41, returns to the fourth oil port 25 of the control valve 20 through the second oil groove 11, the first oil passage 18, the first oil groove 10 and the first oil port 13, and is discharged from the oil return port 22 after entering the third oil chamber 35 through the fourth oil groove 36, the valve chamber 23, the second valve hole 45 and the second connecting hole 46, the pressure of the left end pressure face of the first sealing step 16 disappears, the elastic force of the nitrogen spring 5 reaches the maximum value, thereby driving the impact piston 4 to move left to prepare to strike the drill shank 2;

s2, when the impact piston 4 is in the left position, the second oil groove 11 is communicated with the third oil groove 12 through the second oil duct 19, the large spool 24 is in the right position, and the oil flowing from the second oil port 14 in the ram cylinder sequentially passes through the second oil groove 11, the second oil duct 19, and the third oil groove 12, then enters the eighth oil port 43 of the control valve 20 from the third oil port 15, and returns to the oil tank through the third oil chamber 35 and the oil return port 22;

s3 return stroke begins, since in S1 and S2, the oil in the left pressure chamber 34 returns to the oil return port 22, the pressure of the left pressure chamber 34 is lower than the pressure of the right pressure chamber 30, the pressure of the right pressure chamber 30 drives the small valve element 29 to move to the left and pushes the large valve element 24 to move to the left, and at this time, the second oil groove 11 is communicated with the third oil groove 12 through the second oil passage 19, the oil in the second oil passage 19 flows into the oil return port 22,

meanwhile, the fifth oil groove 37 is communicated with the fourth oil groove 36 through the connecting groove 44, the oil enters the first oil port 13 of the impact cylinder 3 through the fourth oil groove 36 and the fourth oil port 25, and forms pressure on the left pressure surface of the first sealing step 16 through the first oil passage 18 to overcome the thrust of the nitrogen spring 5, so that the impact piston 4 is driven to move rightward;

s4 returns to the zero point, when the impact piston 4 moves to the right position, the first oil groove 10 is communicated with the second oil groove 11 through the first oil passage 18, the oil in the first oil passage 18 enters the seventh oil port 41 of the control valve 20 through the second oil groove 11 and the second oil port 14, and enters the left pressure chamber 34 through the seventh oil groove 39, continuously generates pressure on the left pressure surface of the pressure step 32, and when the generated pressure is greater than the pressure in the right pressure chamber 30, the big thrust valve element 24 moves to the right position, thereby returning to the initial state of S1.

This cycle repeats striking of the shank adapter 2. In the mode of adopting the nitrogen spring 5 as impact energy and the hydraulic control oil way as return energy, the impact speed reaches 8m/s, the striking work reaches more than 60j, the impact frequency is 50HZ, the drilling forming is good, and the speed is high; the impact piston 4 adopts a design of two sections of sealing steps, has good manufacturability, can fully ensure the clearance of the piston, reduces the influence of temperature on the performance of products, and increases the use efficiency of energy.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the swing mechanism includes a gear seat 50, a gearwheel 51 and a pinion 52, the gear seat 50 is fixedly installed at the left side of the front cylinder block 1, the gearwheel 51 is rotatably installed in the gear seat 50 through a tapered roller bearing 53, the pinion 52 is rotatably installed in the gear seat 50 through a cylindrical roller bearing 54, the gearwheel 51 is engaged with the pinion 52, a motor 55 is disposed on the gear seat 50, and an output shaft of the motor 55 is fixedly connected with one end of the pinion 52 and can drive the pinion 52 to rotate; the drill shank 2 is inserted into the inner hole of the large gear 51 and can move in the inner hole of the large gear 51 along the axial direction, an inner toothed key 56 is arranged in the inner hole of the large gear 51, and an outer toothed key 57 meshed with the inner toothed key 56 is arranged on the drill shank 2.

The pinion 52 rotates under the driving of the motor 55, and then drives the bull gear 51 to rotate, the bull gear 51 rotates, the drill rod 2 is driven to rotate through the meshing of the external tooth key 57 and the internal tooth key 56, and the mode of driving the drill rod 2 to rotate through the meshing of the tooth keys can ensure that the drill rod 2 has axial moving freedom degree while driving the drill rod 2 to rotate.

Referring to fig. 14, an annular chuck 58 protruding outward in the radial direction is disposed at the left side of the outer spline 57 in the middle of the shank 2, a second axially recessed mounting groove 59 is disposed on the right end surface of the front cylinder base 1, a stop sleeve 60 is fixedly mounted in the second mounting groove 59, an inward protruding limit chuck 61 is circumferentially disposed at one end of an inner hole of the stop sleeve 60, the end of the inner hole being away from the gear base 50, the outer diameter of the annular chuck 58 is larger than the inner diameter of the limit chuck 61 and smaller than the inner diameter of the stop sleeve 60, and the limit chuck 61 and the left end surface of the gear base 50 form a limit area 62 for the movement of the annular chuck 58.

By mounting the retaining sleeve 60 on the front cylinder block 1 and providing the limit stop 61 in the retaining sleeve 60, the range of movement of the ring bit 58 on the shank adapter 2 is limited by the limit area 62 formed between the limit stop 61 and the gear block 50, thereby avoiding excessive movement of the shank adapter 2.

Referring to fig. 15, a third mounting groove 63 recessed in the axial direction is formed in the left end surface of the front cylinder base 1, a front cylinder copper sleeve 64 is fixedly mounted in the third mounting groove 63, and the left portion of the drill shank 2 is rotatably mounted in an inner hole of the front cylinder copper sleeve 64 and can move in the inner hole of the front cylinder copper sleeve 64 in the axial direction; a positioning sleeve 65 is fixedly installed on the slewing mechanism, a thrust sleeve 66 which is coaxial with the front cylinder copper sleeve 64 is fixedly installed in the positioning sleeve 65, and the right part of the drill shank 2 is rotatably installed in an inner hole of the thrust sleeve 66 and can move in the inner hole of the thrust sleeve 66 along the axial direction; the front cylinder copper sleeve 64 and the inner hole wall of the thrust sleeve 66 are both provided with lubricating oil grooves 67, the lubricating oil grooves 67 are spiral in shape, a dust cover 68 is fixedly mounted on the left end face of the front cylinder base 1, and a dust ring 69 and a Steer seal 70 are mounted in the dust cover 68.

Sufficient grease or lubricating oil can be stored through spiral lubricating oil groove 67, and removal and rotation in-process at bore bit shank 2 provide effectual lubrication, reduce the wearing and tearing of 2 outer walls of bore bit shank and preceding jar copper sheathing 64 inner wall, increase of service life, spiral lubricating oil groove 67 structure is compared and is formed the even lubricating oil film of one deck more easily in the structure of multichannel annular oil groove interval setting. The dual protection of the dust ring 69 and the steckel seal 70 in the dust cap 68 further enhances the dust protection effect. The structural design of the front cylinder copper sleeve 64 and the thrust sleeve 66 ensures that the drill rod shank 2 obtains front and rear support, and the excircle is used for centering, so that the centering performance of the drill rod shank 2 during impact is ensured, and the improvement of the striking force is facilitated.

In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations can be made by the worker in the light of the above teachings without departing from the spirit of the utility model. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A top drive rock drill, characterized in that: the drill rod hammer comprises a front cylinder seat (1) and an impact hammer arranged on the left side of the front cylinder seat (1), wherein a drill rod tail (2) is movably arranged in an inner cavity of the front cylinder seat (1), and a slewing mechanism is arranged on the front cylinder seat (1) and can drive the drill rod tail (2) to rotate in the inner cavity of the front cylinder seat (1); the impact hammer comprises an impact cylinder body (3) and an impact piston (4) movably mounted in an inner cavity of the impact cylinder body (3), the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body (3) and the inner cavity of the front cylinder seat (1) are arranged in a collinear mode, and the impact piston (4) can repeatedly strike the drill shank (2) through reciprocating motion in the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body (3).

2. A top drive rock drill according to claim 1 wherein: a nitrogen spring (5) is arranged on the impact cylinder (3) and positioned on the right side of the impact piston (4), and the nitrogen spring (5) can push the impact piston (4) to move leftwards along the inner cavity of the impact cylinder (3); and a hydraulic control oil way is also arranged in the impact cylinder body (3), and can drive the impact piston (4) to move rightwards by overcoming the thrust of the nitrogen spring (5).

3. A top drive rock drill according to claim 2 wherein: the hydraulic control oil way comprises a first oil groove (10), a second oil groove (11) and a third oil groove (12) which are sequentially arranged on the wall of the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body (3) from left to right, the first oil groove (10), the second oil groove (11) and the third oil groove (12) are circumferentially arranged, the first oil groove (10) is connected with a first oil port (13), the second oil groove (11) is connected with a second oil port (14), and the third oil groove (12) is connected with a third oil port (15);

a first sealing step (16) and a second sealing step (17) which are raised along the circumferential direction are arranged in the middle of the impact piston (4) from left to right, the first sealing step (16) and the second sealing step (17) are both arranged in a sealing manner with the wall of the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body (3), a first oil channel (18) is formed in the space on the left side of the first sealing step (16) in the gap between the impact piston (4) and the inner cavity of the impact cylinder body (3), and a second oil channel (19) is formed in the space between the first sealing step (16) and the second sealing step (17);

when the impact piston (4) moves to the left position, the second oil groove (11) is communicated with the third oil groove (12) through the second oil passage (19); when the impact piston (4) moves to the right position, the first oil groove (10) is communicated with the second oil groove (11) through the first oil passage (18).

4. A top drive rock drill according to claim 3 wherein: the hydraulic control oil way also comprises a control valve (20) arranged on the impact cylinder body (3), an oil inlet (21), an oil return port (22) and a valve cavity (23) are arranged in a valve body of the control valve (20), a large valve core (24) is arranged in the valve cavity (23) in a sliding manner, the outer wall of the large valve core (24) is arranged in a sealing manner with the inner wall of the valve cavity (23), a fourth oil port (25) is arranged on the valve body, and the fourth oil port (25) is communicated with the first oil port (13) in a butt joint manner;

when the big valve core (24) moves to the left position, the fourth oil port (25) is communicated with the oil inlet (21); when the big valve core (24) moves to the right position, the fourth oil port (25) is communicated with the oil return port (22).

5. A top drive rock drill according to claim 4 wherein: a valve core limiting block (26) is installed on the left side of the valve cavity (23), a valve seat (27) is installed on the right side of the valve cavity (23), a first valve hole (28) which is opened leftwards along the axial direction is formed in the valve seat (27), a small valve core (29) is movably installed in the first valve hole (28), the outer wall of the small valve core (29) and the hole wall of the first valve hole (28) are arranged in a sealing mode, a right pressure cavity (30) is formed in the first valve hole (28) and located on the right side of the small valve core (29), a third oil channel (31) is formed in the valve seat (27), and the oil inlet (21) is communicated with the right pressure cavity (30) through the third oil channel (31);

a convex pressure step (32) is arranged at the right part of the large valve core (24), a first mounting groove (33) matched with the pressure step (32) is arranged at the right part of the valve cavity (23), the diameter size of the first mounting groove (33) is larger than that of the valve cavity (23), the outer wall of the pressure step (32) is hermetically arranged with the groove bottom of the first mounting groove (33), the pressure step (32) can slide left and right along the first mounting groove (33), a left pressure cavity (34) is formed between the left pressure surface of the pressure step (32) and the valve cavity (23), a third oil cavity (35) is formed between the right end surface of the pressure step (32) and the valve seat (27), and the third oil cavity (35) is communicated with the oil return port (22);

when the pressure in the right pressure cavity (30) is larger than the pressure in the left pressure cavity (34), the small valve core (29) pushes the large valve core (24) to move left synchronously; when the pressure in the left pressure cavity (34) is larger than the pressure in the right pressure cavity (30), the large valve core (24) pushes the small valve core (29) to move right synchronously.

6. A top drive rock drill according to claim 5, characterized in that: the inner wall of the valve cavity (23) is provided with a fourth oil groove (36), a fifth oil groove (37), a sixth oil groove (38), a seventh oil groove (39) and an eighth oil groove (40) which are concave from left to right in sequence, the fourth oil groove (36) is connected with the fourth oil port (25), the fifth oil groove (37) is communicated with the oil inlet (21), the seventh oil groove (39) is communicated with the left pressure cavity (34), the seventh oil groove (39) is connected with a seventh oil port (41), the seventh oil port (41) is communicated with the sixth oil groove (38) through a first connecting hole (42), the seventh oil port (41) is in butt joint communication with the second oil port (14), the eighth oil groove (40) is arranged in the third oil chamber (35), an eighth oil port (43) is connected, and the eighth oil port (43) is in butt joint communication with the third oil port (15);

an inwards concave connecting groove (44) is formed in the middle of the outer wall of the large valve core (24), a second valve hole (45) which is opened leftwards along the axial direction is formed in the large valve core (24), and a second connecting hole (46) communicated with the second valve hole (45) is further formed in the right end face of the large valve core (24);

when the large valve core (24) moves to the left position, the fifth oil groove (37) is communicated with the fourth oil groove (36) through a connecting groove (44); when the large valve core (24) moves to the right position, the fourth oil groove (36) is communicated with the second valve hole (45) through the valve cavity (23), and the fifth oil groove (37) is communicated with the sixth oil groove (38) through the connecting groove (44).

7. A top drive rock drill according to claim 1 wherein: the slewing mechanism comprises a gear seat (50), a large gear (51) and a small gear (52), wherein the gear seat (50) is fixedly installed on the left side of the front cylinder seat (1), the large gear (51) is rotatably installed in the gear seat (50) through a tapered roller bearing (53), the small gear (52) is rotatably installed in the gear seat (50) through a cylindrical roller bearing (54), the large gear (51) is meshed with the small gear (52), a motor (55) is arranged on the gear seat (50), and an output shaft of the motor (55) is fixedly connected with one end of the small gear (52) and can drive the small gear (52) to rotate;

the drill bit shank (2) is inserted into an inner hole of the large gear (51) and can move in the inner hole of the large gear (51) along the axial direction, an inner tooth key (56) is arranged in the inner hole of the large gear (51), and an outer tooth key (57) meshed with the inner tooth key (56) is arranged on the drill bit shank (2).

8. A top drive rock drill according to claim 7 wherein: the middle part of bore bit tail (2), be located the left side of outer rack (57) is provided with along radial outside bellied annular dop (58), be provided with on the right-hand member face of preceding cylinder block (1) along axial indent second mounting groove (59), fixed mounting has in second mounting groove (59) and ends back cover (60), in the hole of end back cover (60), keep away from the one end of pinion stand (50) is provided with protruding spacing ka tai (61) inwards along circumference, the external diameter size of annular dop (58) is greater than the internal diameter size of spacing ka tai (61), and is less than the internal diameter size of end back cover (60), spacing ka tai (61) with the left end face of pinion stand (50) forms confession annular dop (62) that annular dop (58) removed.

9. A top drive rock drill according to claim 8 wherein: a third mounting groove (63) which is inwards concave along the axial direction is formed in the left end face of the front cylinder base (1), a front cylinder copper sleeve (64) is fixedly mounted in the third mounting groove (63), and the left part of the drill shank (2) is rotatably mounted in an inner hole of the front cylinder copper sleeve (64) and can axially move in the inner hole of the front cylinder copper sleeve (64); a positioning sleeve (65) is fixedly mounted on the slewing mechanism, a thrust sleeve (66) which is coaxial with the front cylinder copper sleeve (64) is fixedly mounted in the positioning sleeve (65), and the right part of the drill bit shank (2) is rotatably mounted in an inner hole of the thrust sleeve (66) and can axially move in the inner hole of the thrust sleeve (66); preceding jar copper sheathing (64) with all be provided with lubrication groove (67) on the inner hole wall of thrust sleeve (66), the shape of lubrication groove (67) is the spiral, fixed mounting has dust cover (68) on the left end face of preceding jar seat (1), install dust ring (69) and steckel seal (70) in dust cover (68).

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