CN216748171U

CN216748171U - Light guide device, light source device, display device, head-up display, and traffic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN216748171U
Application number: CN202121985764.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴慧军; 方涛; 徐俊峰
Original assignee: Futurus Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Futurus Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-23
Filing date: 2021-08-23
Publication date: 2022-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-23

Abstract

A light guide device, a light source device, a display device, a head-up display and a traffic device. The light guide device includes: a light guiding structure comprising a light out-coupling portion configured to out-couple light rays propagating in the light guiding structure. The light guide structure comprises a first light guide element and a second light guide element, light entering the light guide structure is transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, at least part of the light out-coupling part is located in the second light guide element, the first light guide element comprises a medium configured to transmit light and first reflection structures located on at least two sides of the medium, and the first reflection structures are configured to reflect the light incident to the first light guide element at least once so that the light is transmitted to the second light guide element. According to the light guide device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first light guide element comprising the medium and the first reflection structure is arranged, so that the uniformity of light emitted from the light guide device can be improved.

Description

Light guide device, light source device, display device, head-up display, and traffic equipment

Technical Field

At least one embodiment of the present invention relates to a light guide device, a light source device, a display device, a head-up display, and a transportation apparatus.

Background

The optical design that new line shows (head up display, HUD) technique can be through the reflective, projects the image light (including vehicle information such as speed of a motor vehicle) that the image source sent on imaging plate or the formation of image windows such as windshield of car to make the driver need not to hang down to see the panel board and just can directly see the information at the driving in-process, can improve driving safety factor, can bring better driving experience again.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the utility model provides a light guide device, a light source device, a display device, a head-up display and traffic equipment. The light guide device can improve the uniformity of light emitted from the light guide device by providing the first light guide element including the medium and the first reflective structure.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a light guide device, including: light guide structure, including the light outcoupling portion, the light outcoupling portion is configured as will light outcoupling of propagating in the light guide structure, wherein, the light guide structure includes first leaded light component and second leaded light component, gets into the light of light guide structure passes through first leaded light component transmits to the second leaded light component, the at least part of light outcoupling portion is located the second leaded light component, first leaded light component is including being configured to propagate the medium of light and being located the first reflection configuration of the at least both sides of medium, first reflection configuration is configured as to incidenting to the light of first leaded light component carries out at least once reflection so that light propagates to the second leaded light component.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a light guide device, including: a light guide structure including a light out-coupling portion configured to couple out light propagating in the light guide structure, wherein the light guide structure includes a first light guide element and a second light guide element, the light entering the light guide structure is configured to be transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, the light out-coupling portion is at least partially located in the second light guide element, and the first light guide element is configured to perform total reflection propagation on light incident to the first light guide element so that the light propagates to the second light guide element; the first light guide element comprises at least two reflecting surfaces, the non-zero divergence angle of light entering the first light guide element is theta, the at least two reflecting surfaces comprise two reflecting surfaces opposite to each other, and the included angle between the two reflecting surfaces opposite to each other, which is formed between the light entering side and the light exiting side of the first light guide element and between the light entering side and the light exiting side, of at least one of the two reflecting surfaces is between 0 DEG and theta.

For example, for the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the medium includes air or a transparent substrate, and the medium and the first reflective structure are independent structures.

For example, for the light guiding device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light guiding device further includes: a light conversion section including a polarization splitting element configured to split light directed to the polarization splitting element into first polarized light and second polarized light, and a polarization conversion structure; the polarization conversion structure is configured to convert the second polarized light obtained after the light splitting processing by the polarization light splitting element into third polarized light, and the polarization state of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light, where the second light guiding element is configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the first reflective structure includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces, a non-zero divergence angle of a light ray incident into the first light guide element is θ, and the at least two sub-reflective surfaces include two sub-reflective surfaces opposite to each other; the first reflection structure comprises at least two sub reflection surfaces, the divergence angle of light rays entering the first light guide element is theta, and the at least two sub reflection surfaces comprise two sub reflection surfaces opposite to each other; the included angle between the two mutually opposite sub-reflecting surfaces and at least one of the light incidence side and the light emergence side of the first reflecting structure and the side between the light incidence side and the light emergence side is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to theta; alternatively, the two sub-reflecting surfaces facing each other are parallel.

For example, for the light guide apparatus provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the first reflective structure includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces, wherein a cavity is included between the at least two sub-reflective surfaces, and at least a part of the light conversion portion is located in the cavity of the first light guide element; or a transparent substrate is arranged between the at least two sub-reflecting surfaces, and the light conversion part is positioned outside the first light guide element.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light conversion portion is located on the light incident side or the light emergent side of the first light guide element.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light conversion portion further includes a second reflection structure configured to reflect at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light, and the third polarized light, and the second reflection structure includes a reflection surface or a prism.

For example, for the light guide device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light guide device further includes: the light-adjusting structure is configured to at least have different transmittance for first wavelength light and second wavelength light in light rays emitted into the light-adjusting structure, wherein the light-adjusting structure is located on the light emitting side or the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the second light guide element extends along a first direction, wherein, along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first light guide element and the second light guide element overlap; or the first light guide element and the second light guide element are arranged along the extending direction of the second light guide element.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the first light guide element and the second light guide element are separate structures; alternatively, the first light guide element and the second light guide element are integrally formed.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first or second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the first light guide element extends at least partially along the first direction, wherein the second light guide element comprises a first sub-portion that does not overlap with the first light guide element in the second direction; and/or the first light guiding element comprises a second subsection which does not overlap the second light guiding element in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the second light guiding element.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the first light guide element includes a third reflective structure configured to reflect the light propagating through the at least one reflection of the first reflective structure into the second light guide element, and the third reflective structure includes a reflective surface or a prism.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, a light incident side of the second light guide element is provided with a light condensing element, and the light condensing element is configured to condense light incident thereto in a predetermined direction and to enter the second light guide element.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light condensing element is configured to shift, toward a side away from the light emitting surface, the light that passes through the light condensing element and is incident into the second light guide element and propagates close to the light emitting surface of the second light guide element.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light out-coupling portion includes an array of transflective elements, at least part of the transflective elements in the array of transflective elements are configured to partially reflect and partially transmit the light propagating to the transflective elements, so that a part of the light is coupled out of the second light guide element and another part of the light continues to propagate in the second light guide element; alternatively, the light out-coupling portion comprises a grating configured to couple out a portion of the light propagating to the grating out of the second light guiding element.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the second light guide element further includes a light guide medium, and the light guide medium includes a transparent material, and the transparent material is configured to make light entering the light guide medium perform total reflection propagation and/or non-total reflection propagation; alternatively, the light-guiding medium comprises air.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided by the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the transflective element array includes a plurality of transflective elements sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the second light guide element; the reflectivity of the plurality of transflective elements gradually increases or gradually increases regionally along the propagation direction of the light rays propagating in the second light guide element.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of transflective elements includes M transflective element groups, each of the transflective element groups in at least one of the transflective element groups includes at least two transflective elements having a predetermined reflectivity, and the reflectivities of the transflective elements located in different transflective element groups are different, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.

For example, with regard to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of transflective elements include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium, at least a part of the transflective element is provided with a reflective medium having a first reflectance, and of at least two transflective elements of the at least part of the transflective element, an area ratio of the reflective medium having the first reflectance to the corresponding transflective element is different so that the reflectances of the at least two transflective elements are different.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of transflective elements include a transflective element provided with a reflective medium, the reflective medium provided by at least one of the transflective elements includes at least two different reflectances, and the number of types of reflectances of the reflective medium provided by the plurality of transflective elements is smaller than the number of the plurality of transflective elements.

For example, with respect to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the transflective element located at the edge-most position and near the light incident side in the transflective element array is configured to reflect at least part of the light propagating from the first light guide element into the second light guide element, and the reflectivity of the transflective element is greater than the transmissivity of the transflective element.

For example, with regard to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light guide structure further includes a third light guide element, the light out-coupling portion includes a first light out-coupling portion and a second light out-coupling portion, the second light guide element includes the first light out-coupling portion, the third light guide element includes the second light out-coupling portion, the second light out-coupling portion overlaps with the first light guide element in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the second light guide element, and at least a part of the first light out-coupling portion does not overlap with the second light out-coupling portion.

For example, for the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light guide device further includes: and the fourth light guide element is positioned on the light emergent side of the light conversion part, and light emitted by the light conversion part is transmitted to the second light guide element through the fourth light guide element, wherein the light transmitted in the fourth light guide element can be subjected to non-total reflection or total reflection propagation on the inner surface of the fourth light guide element.

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a light source device, including: a light source unit; and any one of the light guide devices according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention described above, wherein the light emitted from the light source unit is configured to enter the light guide device.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light source part includes a light source and a reflective light guide structure configured to adjust light emitted from the light source to a predetermined divergence angle.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the angular range of the predetermined divergence angle includes 40 degrees.

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device including: a display panel; and any one of the light source devices described above, the light source device being configured to provide light to the display panel.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the display device further includes: at least one light diffusion element located on at least one of the display surface side and the back side of the display panel and configured to diffuse light emitted from at least one of the display panel and the light source device.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the display device further includes: and the light converging element is positioned between the light source device and the display panel and is configured to converge the light emitted from the light source device and then enable the converged light to emit to the at least one light diffusion element.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light out-coupling portion includes a first transflective element and a second transflective element adjacent to each other, the first transflective element is configured to reflect light propagating from the first light guide element into the second light guide element toward the second transflective element, and at least a portion of the first transflective element does not overlap with a liquid crystal layer of the display panel in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the second light guide element.

For example, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the light out-coupling portion includes a first transflective element and a second transflective element which are adjacent to each other, the first transflective element is configured to reflect a part of the light propagating from the first light guide element into the second light guide element toward the second transflective element and transmit another part of the light propagating from the first light guide element into the second light guide element toward the display panel, and the reflectivity of the first transflective element is greater than the transmissivity.

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a head-up display, including: a display device; the reflection imaging part is configured to reflect the light rays emitted by the display device to an observation area of the head-up display, wherein the display device is any one of the display devices; or the head-up display comprises any one of the light guide devices and a reflective imaging part, wherein the reflective imaging part is configured to reflect the light rays emitted by the light guide device to an observation area of the head-up display; alternatively, the head-up display includes any one of the light source devices described above, and a reflective imaging section configured to reflect light emitted from the light source device to a viewing area of the head-up display.

At least one embodiment of the utility model provides a transportation device comprising any one of the above head-up displays.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not limiting on the present invention.

Fig. 1A is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to an example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 1B is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3A is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3B is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a light guide device provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic partial sectional view of a light guide device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8A to 8C are schematic partial sectional structure diagrams of light guide devices provided according to three examples of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10A is a schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guide device when the light guide medium comprises air;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating total reflection propagation of light rays in a light guide structure provided with a light out-coupling part according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of a light guiding structure provided with light outcoupling portions according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13A to 13H are schematic partial plan views of transflective elements provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14A and 14B are partial plan view structural diagrams of a transflective element provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15A and 15B are partial plan view structural diagrams of a transflective element provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a light guide device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light source device according to the present invention;

fig. 19A and 19B are schematic partial cross-sectional views of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a partial cross-sectional structural view of a display device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 21 is a partial cross-sectional structural view of a display device provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial cross-sectional structure of a head-up display according to an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 23A is a head-up display provided in accordance with an example of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 23B is a head-up display provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention; and

fig. 24 is an exemplary block diagram of a transportation device provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the utility model without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. For purposes of clarity, elements in the figures used to describe the embodiments of the utility model are exaggerated or minimized, i.e., the figures are not limited to actual scale. The term "at least one" as used herein means "one or more", and the term "a plurality" as used herein means "at least two", that is, "two or more".

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a light guide device, including: a light guide structure including a light out-coupling portion configured to couple out light propagating in the light guide structure, wherein the light guide structure includes a first light guide element and a second light guide element, the light entering the light guide structure is configured to be transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, the light out-coupling portion is at least partially located in the second light guide element, and the first light guide element is configured to perform total reflection propagation on light incident to the first light guide element so that the light propagates to the second light guide element; the first light guide element comprises at least two reflecting surfaces, the divergence angle of light rays incident into the first light guide element is theta, the at least two reflecting surfaces comprise two reflecting surfaces opposite to each other, and the included angle between the two reflecting surfaces opposite to each other is between 0 DEG and theta.

For the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, a better light-homogenizing effect can be achieved by the first light guide element, and the following embodiments are applicable to the light guide device provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention.

The light guide device, the light source device, the display device, and the head-up display provided in the embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it should be noted that the same components may be arranged in the same manner, all embodiments of the present invention are applicable to multiple protection subjects such as the light guide device, the light source device, the display device, and the head-up display, and the same or similar contents are not repeated in each protection subject, and reference may be made to the description in the embodiments corresponding to other protection subjects.

Fig. 1A is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to an example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1A, the light guide apparatus includes a light guide structure 100. The light guiding structure 100 comprises a light out-coupling portion 101, the light out-coupling portion 101 being configured to out-couple light rays propagating in the light guiding structure 100. The light guide structure 100 includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, light entering the light guide structure 100 is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, and at least a portion of the light outcoupling part 101 is located in the second light guide element 120. The first light guide element 110 includes a medium 111 configured to propagate light and first reflective structures 112 located at least two sides of the medium 111, and the first reflective structures 112 are configured to reflect light incident to the first light guide element 110 at least once to propagate the light to the second light guide element 120. For example, the first reflective structure 112 is configured to reflect light incident to the first light guide element 110 multiple times to improve uniformity of light exiting the first light guide element 110.

For example, there may be uneven brightness of light emitted from the light source (e.g., light emitted from a Light Emitting Diode (LED) is generally bright in the center and dark in the periphery), and thus poor uniformity of light is likely to occur when the light is coupled out from the light guide device. According to the light guide device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the first light guide element comprising the medium and the first reflection structure is arranged, so that the uniformity of light emitted from the light guide device can be improved.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A, in an example of the embodiment of the present invention, the light out-coupling portions 101 are all located on the second light guiding element 120, the light out-coupling portions 101 are not disposed in the first light guiding element 110, that is, the first light guiding element 110 is configured to transmit the light rays therein into the second light guiding element 120 without emitting the light rays to a predetermined area (for example, a display panel, or a user, etc.), and the light out-coupling portions 101 disposed in the second light guiding element 120 are configured to emit the light rays transmitted in the second light guiding element 120 to the predetermined area.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A, the first reflective structures 112 may be located on both sides of the medium 111 in the Y direction to reflect light propagating in the XY plane. For example, the first reflective structure 112 may further include a portion located on at least one side of the medium 111 in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane to reflect light incident to the portion. For example, the first reflective structure 112 may surround the medium 111. For example, the first reflective structure 112 may be disposed at other positions of the medium 111 except for the light incident side and the light emergent side.

For example, a side surface of the first reflective structure 112 facing the medium 111 is a reflective surface for reflecting light incident thereon.

For example, the first reflective structure 112 may be an element with a relatively high reflectivity (e.g., greater than 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95%), may be a unitary element, and may be, for example, a polished metal element, such as a polished metal element including a metal material or a metal alloy material, such as aluminum, copper, or silver.

For example, the first reflective structure 112 may also be a substrate (e.g., glass, plastic, etc.) coated, pasted, or sprayed with a material having a relatively high reflectivity, for example, a metal reflective surface, such as an aluminum-plated, silver-plated, or copper-plated reflective surface, may be disposed on a side surface of the first reflective structure 112 facing the medium 111; or a dielectric film reflecting surface, such as a stack of metal oxides, metal nitrides, inorganic fluorides, etc. For example, a surface of the first reflective structure 112 facing the medium 111 may be coated with a high-reflectivity film material, such as an Enhanced Specular Reflection (ESR) film.

For example, the first reflective structure 112 is a non-light-transmitting structure, and light incident to the first reflective structure 112 is reflected on the surface of the first reflective structure 112 for reflection, for example, by a mirror surface, rather than by total reflection. For example, the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 are independent structures. The above-mentioned "structures independent from each other" means that the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 are not an integrated structure, and are not a structure using the same material, but there is no limitation on whether the first reflective structure 112 and the medium 111 are in contact with each other.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1A, the medium 111 may comprise a transparent substrate. For example, the refractive index of the transparent substrate is greater than 1. For example, the light may propagate in the transparent substrate without being totally reflected, but is not limited thereto. For example, a portion of the light propagating in the transparent substrate may propagate along the X direction shown in fig. 1A. When the medium includes a transparent substrate, the light propagating in the medium may be propagated by total reflection or by non-total reflection, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. "non-total reflection propagation" herein refers to propagation of a light ray (e.g., a light ray having a small partial divergence angle) in a medium in a manner other than total reflection, for example, the light ray may propagate in the medium and may not be reflected (e.g., may not be reflected at an interface between the medium and air); alternatively, the light (e.g., a portion of light with a large divergence angle) may be reflected and propagated in a non-total reflection manner, for example, it may not satisfy a total reflection condition, for example, when the reflection occurs on an interface between a medium and air (or other medium), the reflection angle is smaller than a critical angle of total reflection, and it may be considered that the light is not or rarely propagated in the light guide medium by total reflection. For example, the main direction of the light ray incident on the light guide medium or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light ray incident on the light guide medium is a direction parallel to a straight line, and may be parallel to the X direction, for example, or may be continued after some light rays are specularly reflected. "parallel" in embodiments of the present invention includes perfectly parallel, meaning that any two are at an angle of 0 °, and substantially parallel, meaning that any two are at an angle of no greater than 20 °, such as no greater than 10 °, such as no greater than 5 °.

For example, the reflective surface of the first reflective structure 112 may be in contact with the surface of the medium 111. For example, the first reflective structure 112 may be a reflective film plated or attached on the surface of the medium 111. For example, the shape of the transparent substrate may be a three-dimensional structure, for example, may be one of a rectangular parallelepiped (e.g., a cube) or a parallelepiped; the first reflective structure 112 may be disposed on at least two surfaces of the three-dimensional structure, for example, the at least two surfaces include two surfaces opposite to each other, for example, two surfaces opposite to each other in the Y direction shown in fig. 1A.

In the light guide device provided in an example of the present invention, the medium is a transparent substrate, so that the optical path of the light propagating in the medium can be increased, which is beneficial to further improving the homogenization effect of the light.

For example, fig. 1B is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. The light guide apparatus shown in fig. 1B differs from the light guide apparatus shown in fig. 1A in that: the medium 111 in the light guide device shown in fig. 1B includes air. For example, as shown in fig. 1B, the first reflective structure 112 includes at least two sub-reflective surfaces 1120, a cavity 1121 is included between the at least two sub-reflective surfaces 1120, air in the cavity 1121 may be a medium 111 for propagating light, and the cavity 1121 forms a space through which light passes.

In the light guide device provided by any embodiment of the present invention, the medium of the first light guide element includes air, and the first reflection structure of the first light guide element reflects light in a non-total reflection manner.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the first reflective structure 110 includes two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other, and for example, the two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 may be opposite to each other in the Y direction shown in fig. 1A and 1B, may be opposite to each other in the direction perpendicular to the XY plane, and may be opposite to each other in other directions perpendicular to the X direction. For example, the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other may be two sub-reflecting surfaces independent from each other and spaced apart from each other, or may be two sub-reflecting surfaces connected by a connecting portion located in a region other than the medium, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A and 1B, two sub reflection surfaces 1120 facing each other are arranged in parallel.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A and 1B, at least one of the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 extends along a first direction (e.g., the X direction shown in the figures), e.g., both the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 extend along the first direction. For example, the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 may each be a plate-like structure, which each extends in at least two directions, which may be an X direction and a direction perpendicular to an XY plane as illustrated in the drawing. For example, the extension of at least one of the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 along the first direction may refer to an extension direction of a long side of the first light guide element (and/or the second light guide element). For example, the "direction perpendicular to the XY plane" may refer to a direction of a wide side of the first light guide element (and/or the second light guide element), and the long side and the wide side may form a rectangle, for example, the first light guide element and/or the second light guide element includes a plate-like structure having a certain thickness in the Y direction as shown in the figure and having a rectangular shape in the direction perpendicular to the XY plane.

For example, in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 overlap. The second direction is schematically shown as the Y direction in the figure in the embodiments of the present invention. The second direction is not limited to the Y direction shown in fig. 1A, but may be a direction perpendicular to the XY plane. In at least one example of the present invention, the first light guide element and the second light guide element are stacked in the Y direction shown in fig. 1A, so that the first light guide element and the second light guide element are compact, and the size of the light guide device in the X direction shown in fig. 1A is reduced as much as possible.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 may be separate structures from each other, i.e., the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are not integrally molded. For example, an air gap may be disposed between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120, or a glue layer may be disposed to adhere the two together.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the second light guiding element 120 includes a first sub-portion 121 that does not overlap the first light guiding element 110 in the second direction. For example, fig. 1B schematically illustrates that the length of the first light guide element 110 in the first direction is smaller than the length of the second light guide element 120 in the first direction, so that the second light guide element 120 includes the first sub-section 121 that does not overlap with the first light guide element 110 in the second direction, but is not limited thereto, and the length of the first light guide element may be the same as the length of the second light guide element, or the length of the first light guide element may be greater than the length of the second light guide element.

For example, when the light guide device shown in fig. 1A and 1B is applied to a light source device, the light source device includes a light guide device and a light source portion (a light source portion 500 shown in fig. 18), the light source portion may be arranged with the first light guide element along the first direction, and in the Y direction, the light source portion overlaps with the first sub-portion 121 of the second light guide element 120, for example, the first sub-portion 121 and the first light guide element 110 define an edge of a receiving space, and the light source portion may be disposed in the receiving space, so that a partial space where the first light guide element 110 is not disposed may be utilized to reduce the size of the light source device, which is beneficial for product application.

For example, fig. 2 is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. The light guide apparatus shown in fig. 2 is different from the light guide apparatus shown in fig. 1A and 1B in that two sub-reflective surfaces 1120 opposite to each other in the first reflective structure 110 shown in fig. 2 are not parallel, and other structures except the first reflective structure 110 in the light guide apparatus shown in fig. 2 may have the same features as the corresponding structures in the light guide apparatus shown in any one of fig. 1A and 1B, and are not described again here.

For example, as shown in fig. 2, the divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guiding element 110 is θ. The divergence angle is a standard for measuring the light-emitting angle of the light beam which is relatively universal at present, for example, theta/2 is an included angle between the light-emitting direction and the optical axis when the light-emitting intensity value is half of the axial intensity value; alternatively, θ/2 can also be the angle between the light emission direction and the optical axis when the light emission intensity value is 60% or 80% of the radial intensity value. For example, the divergence angle of the light rays incident into the first light guiding element 110 may be 40 °. For example, the divergence angle of the light rays incident into the first light guiding element 110 may be 20 °. For example, the divergence angle of the light rays incident into the first light guiding element 110 may be 10 °. For example, the divergence angle θ of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is an angle larger than 0 °.

For example, as shown in fig. 2, an included angle between two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than θ. For example, an included angle between two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other is 40 ° or less. For example, an included angle between two sub reflection surfaces 1120 facing each other is equal to or less than 30 °. For example, an angle between two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other is 20 ° or less. For example, an angle between two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other is 10 ° or less.

For example, an included angle between two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other, at least one of a light entrance side, a light exit side, and a side between the light entrance side and the light exit side of the first reflecting structure 112, is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than θ. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the first light guiding element 110 includes a light incident side and a light exiting side, and a distance between two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other gradually increases from the light incident side to the light exiting side thereof. Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the distance between two sub-reflecting surfaces facing each other may also gradually decrease from the light incident side to the light exiting side of the first light guiding element. For example, an included angle between two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other on the side of the first reflecting structure 112 is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than θ. For example, it may be the opposing side perpendicular to the XY plane.

For example, as shown in fig. 2, the second light guide element 120 includes a surface extending along the first direction, and one of the two sub-reflection surfaces 1120 of the first reflection structure 112 opposite to each other may be parallel to the surface of the second light guide element 120. For example, one of the two sub reflection surfaces 1120 facing each other near the second light guide element 120 may be parallel to a surface of the second light guide element 120. Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and neither of the two sub-reflecting surfaces opposite to each other may be parallel to the surface of the second light guiding element.

In at least one embodiment of the utility model, the two sub-reflecting surfaces opposite to each other are not parallel, and the included angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces is smaller than or equal to theta, which is beneficial to reducing the distance of at least a part of the area between the two sub-reflecting surfaces, reducing the thickness of the first reflecting structure, being beneficial to increasing the times of light reflection in the first reflecting structure, and improving the light uniformization effect of the first light guide element. In addition, the reflection times of the light rays in the first reflection structure can be increased, and the homogenization effect of the light rays with large angles can be improved.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A to 2, the first light guide element 110 further includes a reflective structure 113 (hereinafter, referred to as a third reflective structure 113) configured to reflect light propagating in the first light guide element 110 into the second light guide element 120. For example, the third reflective structure 113 is located at the light exit side of the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to reflect the light exiting from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 into the second light guiding element 120.

For example, when the medium 111 is a transparent substrate, the third reflective structure 113 may be attached to the medium 111 or integrally formed with the medium 111. For example, both may be integrally formed.

For example, the third reflective structure 113 may include a reflective surface, which may be an element having a relatively high reflectivity, to reflect the light rays propagating out of the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the second light guiding element 120 by a specular reflection. For example, the reflective surface may be a metallic reflective surface, such as an aluminized, silvered, or coppered reflective surface.

For example, the third reflective structure 113 may include a prism, and the light rays propagating from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 may be directed to the second light guide element 120 after being totally reflected at the surface of the prism. The prism may be a triangular prism, for example. For example, when the light exits through the prism, the light is refracted at an interface between the prism and air or other media (e.g., a second light guide element or optical cement), and the refracted light is deflected toward a central area of the light guide device, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the light.

For example, fig. 3A is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3A, the light guide device further includes a light conversion portion 200, and the light conversion portion 200 includes a polarization splitting element 210 and a polarization conversion structure 220. The polarization splitting element 210 is configured to split the light emitted toward the polarization splitting element 210 into the first polarized light and the second polarized light. For example, the light emitted to the polarization beam splitter 210 includes light having different polarization states, such as natural light, which can be considered as the sum of many light waves having all possible vibration directions. For example, the polarization beam splitter 210 may have a property of transmitting light of one polarization state and reflecting light of another polarization state, and the polarization beam splitter 210 may implement beam splitting using the transflective property described above. The structures of the light guide device provided in this example except the light conversion portion 200 may have the same features as the corresponding structures in any example shown in fig. 1A to fig. 2, and are not described again.

For example, the Polarization splitting element 210 may be a Polarization splitting Prism (PBS). For example, the polarization splitting element 210 may include a transflective film having the transflective characteristics described above, and the beam splitting effect is achieved by transmitting a part of the light and reflecting another part of the light. For example, the transflective film has a higher transmittance for one of the first and second polarized lights of the light emitted from the light source unit (the light source unit 500 shown in fig. 18) than for the other, and has a higher reflectance for one of the first and second polarized lights of the light emitted from the light source unit than for the other. For example, the transmittance of the polarization splitting element for the first polarization is greater than the transmittance for the second polarization, and the reflectance of the polarization splitting element for the second polarization is greater than the reflectance for the first polarization. The first polarization light and the second polarization light may be interchanged.

For example, the transmittance of the polarization splitting element 210 for the first polarization is about 20% to about 95%, for example, the transmittance may be 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95%.

For example, the polarization splitting element 210 has a reflectivity of about 20% to about 95% for the second polarization, such as a reflectivity of 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95%.

For example, the first polarized light and the second polarized light may both be linearly polarized light, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are different, for example, the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are perpendicular.

For example, the first polarized light and the second polarized light may be both circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light, and the handedness of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is different.

For example, after the unpolarized light passes through the polarization splitting element 210 having a polarization splitting function, the transmitted light includes P-polarized light, and the reflected light includes S-polarized light; or the transmitted light includes S-polarized light, and the reflected light includes P-polarized light, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention. For example, one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is S polarized light, and the other of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is P polarized light.

For example, the polarization beam splitter 210 may include an optical film having a polarization transflective function, such as an optical film that can split an unpolarized light beam into two polarized lights orthogonal to each other by transmission and reflection, such as two linearly polarized lights with polarization directions perpendicular to each other; the optical film can be formed by combining a plurality of film layers with different refractive indexes according to a certain stacking sequence, and the thickness of each film layer is about 10-1000 nm; the material of the film layer can be selected from inorganic dielectric materials, such as metal oxides, inorganic fluorides, metal oxynitrides and metal nitrides; polymeric materials such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene may also be selected.

For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the polarization conversion structure 220 is configured to convert the second polarized light obtained after the light splitting process by the polarization splitting element 210 into the third polarized light, and the polarization state of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light. For example, the third polarized light may be linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the third polarized light is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light. For example, the third polarized light may be circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light, and the handedness of the third polarized light is the same as that of the first polarized light. The above-mentioned "the third polarized light and the first polarized light have the same polarization state" may mean that both are substantially the same regardless of factors such as the conversion efficiency of the polarization conversion structure, for example, both are linearly polarized light having the same polarization direction, or circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light having the same polarization direction.

For example, fig. 3A schematically illustrates that the polarization conversion structure 220 may be located on one side of the polarization beam splitting element 210 that transmits light (for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 is located on the optical path of the polarization beam splitting element 210 that transmits light), in which case, the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element 210 includes the second polarized light, and the light reflected by the polarization beam splitting element 210 includes the first polarized light; but not limited thereto, the polarization conversion structure may also be located at one side of the light reflected by the polarization beam splitter (for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 is located on the optical path of the light reflected by the polarization beam splitter 210), in which case, the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitter comprises the first polarized light, and the light reflected by the polarization beam splitter comprises the second polarized light.

For example, the second polarized light may be converted into the third polarized light by passing through the polarization conversion structure 220 only once, and the polarization conversion structure 220 may be an 1/2 wave plate, for example. Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second polarized light may also be converted into the third polarized light after passing through the polarization conversion structure 220 at least twice, for example, the polarization conversion structure 220 may be an 1/4 wave plate.

For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the light conversion part 200 further includes a second reflection structure 230, and the second reflection structure 230 is configured to reflect at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light, and the third polarized light.

For example, the light reflected by the polarization beam splitter 210 includes the first polarized light, and the second reflective structure 230 is located on the side of the light reflected by the polarization beam splitter 210 and configured to reflect the first polarized light; for example, the light reflected by the polarization beam splitting element 210 includes second polarized light, the second reflection structure 230 is located on a side of the light reflected by the polarization beam splitting element 210 and located on the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure 220, the second reflection structure 230 is configured to reflect the second polarized light, and the reflected second polarized light is converted into third polarized light through the polarization conversion structure 220; for example, the light reflected by the polarization splitting element 210 includes light of the second polarization, and the second reflecting structure 230 is located on the light-emitting side of the polarization conversion structure 220 and configured to reflect light of the third polarization.

For example, the polarization splitting element 210 has a reflectivity for the second polarized light greater than a reflectivity for the first polarized light, and a small amount of the first polarized light may be incident on the second reflection structure 230 while the second polarized light is incident on the second reflection structure 230, and at this time, the second reflection structure 230 may reflect the second polarized light and the small amount of the first polarized light. Similarly, after the second polarized light is converted into the third polarized light, the second reflective structure may reflect the third polarized light and a small amount of the first polarized light.

For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the second reflective structure 230 may include a reflective surface, which may be an element with a relatively high reflectivity (e.g., greater than 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95%), and reflects at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light, and the third polarized light into the medium 111 by specular reflection. For example, the reflective surface may be a metallic reflective surface, such as an aluminized, silvered, or coppered reflective surface; alternatively, the reflective surface may be an applied reflective film, such as the ESR reflective film mentioned above.

For example, the second reflecting structure 230 may include a prism, and the light incident to the second reflecting structure 230 may be emitted to the medium 111 after being totally reflected at a surface of the prism. For example, the prism may be a triangular prism structure.

For example, the second light guiding element 120 is configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light.

For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the light conversion part 200 is located at the light incident side of the first light guide element 110, and the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light.

For example, as shown in fig. 3A, the medium 111 is air, and at least a portion of the light conversion part 200 is located in the cavity 1121 of the first light guide element 110. In the light guide device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, at least part of the light conversion part is arranged in the cavity of the first light guide element, so that the volume of the light guide device is favorably reduced, light rays can enter the cavity of the first light guide element as much as possible, and the light ray utilization rate is improved.

For example, fig. 3B is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. The light guide apparatus shown in fig. 3B differs from the light guide apparatus shown in fig. 3A in that: the medium 111 includes a transparent substrate. As shown in fig. 3B, a transparent substrate 111 is disposed between at least two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 (for convenience of drawing, a refraction process of light entering the transparent substrate 111 is not drawn in fig. 3B), and the light conversion portion 200 is located outside the first light guiding element 110, for example, located on the light incident side of the first light guiding element 110. The structures other than the medium 111 in this example may have the same features as the corresponding structures shown in fig. 3A, and are not described again here.

For example, fig. 4 is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. The light guide apparatus shown in fig. 4 differs from the light guide apparatus shown in fig. 3A in that: the light conversion part 200 is located on the light exit side of the first light guide element 110, at this time, the light conversion part 200 may replace the third reflection structure 113 shown in fig. 3A, and the light conversion part 200 may reflect the light rays emitted to it by the medium 111 and the first reflection structure 112 to the second light guide element 120 while performing polarization splitting, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the light guide apparatus.

For example, as shown in fig. 4, the medium 111 may be air or a transparent substrate, which is not limited in this example. For example, when the medium 111 is air, the light conversion part 200 is disposed outside the cavity of the first light guide element 110, so that the distance between the two sub-reflective films 1120 facing each other can be reduced, that is, the thickness of the cavity can be reduced, which is beneficial to the light and thin of the light guide device.

For example, as shown in fig. 4, the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element 210 includes the first polarized light, and the second reflective structure 230 is located on one side of the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element 210 and configured to reflect the first polarized light; for example, the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element 210 includes second polarized light, the second reflection structure 230 is located on one side of the light transmitted by the polarization beam splitting element 210 and on the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure, the second reflection structure 230 is configured to reflect the second polarized light, and the reflected second polarized light is converted into third polarized light through the polarization conversion structure; for example, the light transmitted by the polarization splitting element 210 includes light of the second polarization, and the second reflecting structure 230 is located on the light-emitting side of the polarization conversion structure and configured to reflect light of the third polarization.

Fig. 4 does not show the above-mentioned polarization conversion structure, for example, the light reflected by the polarization splitting element includes the second polarized light, and the polarization conversion structure may be located on the reflected light side of the polarization splitting element to convert the second polarized light into the third polarized light and emit the third polarized light to the second light guide element; for example, the light transmitted by the polarization splitting element includes second polarized light, and the polarization conversion structure may be located between the polarization splitting element and the second reflection structure, or between the second reflection structure and the second light guide element, so as to convert the second polarized light into third polarized light.

For example, the second reflective structure 230 may be a prism, light incident on at least one surface (e.g., an inner surface) of the prism is totally reflected and then emitted to the second light guiding element 120, a cross section of the prism sectioned by the XY plane shown in fig. 4 may be a triangle, a cross section of the totally reflected surface sectioned by the XY plane may be a hypotenuse of the triangle, the triangle further includes two straight sides connected to the hypotenuse, for example, the two straight sides may form a right angle, and the two surfaces where the two straight sides are located may totally reflect light with a larger divergence angle to the hypotenuse, and further reflect the light out, thereby increasing light utilization rate.

For example, the first reflective structure 110 in the light guide device in the example shown in fig. 4 may be the first reflective structure shown in fig. 1A, or may also be the first reflective structure shown in fig. 2, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

For example, as shown in fig. 4, when two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 opposite to each other included in the first reflecting structure 110 are configured as the non-parallel first reflecting structure 110 shown in fig. 2, the light conversion part 200 may be located on the light incident side or the light emitting side of the first light guiding element 110, but is not located in the cavity of the first light guiding element 110, which is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the cavity.

For example, as shown in fig. 4, when two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 included in the first reflecting structure 110 and facing each other are disposed as the non-parallel first reflecting structure 110 shown in fig. 2, the light conversion part 200 may be located on the light emitting side of the first light guiding element 110, and the collimation of the light incident to the light conversion part 200 may be improved as much as possible while ensuring that the light incident into the first light guiding element 110 has a certain divergence angle (for example, the divergence angle may be within 40 °) and uniformly propagates in the first reflecting structure 112.

Of course, the light conversion part 200 shown in fig. 4 is not limited to be disposed on the light emitting side of the first light guide element 110, and the light conversion part 200 may also be disposed on the light emitting side of the first light guide element 110, as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, at this time, the third reflective structure 113 is still disposed in the first light guide element 110 to reflect the light emitted from the medium 111 and the first reflective structure 112 to the third reflective structure 113 to the second light guide element 120.

For example, at least one light source, such as a plurality of light sources, may be disposed on the light incident side of the light guide device shown in fig. 1A to 4, and the plurality of light sources may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane in the drawing; the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other, which are disposed in the Y direction of the first reflecting structure 112, may be shared by all the light sources. For example, a plurality of light sources may be disposed on the light incident side of the light guide device, and some of the light sources may share two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 disposed in the Y direction of the first reflecting structure 112 and opposite to each other. For example, the first reflective structure 112 may comprise a ring of sub-reflective surfaces surrounding the medium, e.g. two pairs of sub-reflective surfaces opposite to each other, to which different light sources may be directed.

For example, fig. 5 is a light guide device provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the light guide device further includes: a light modulating structure 300 configured to have at least a different transmittance for light of a first wavelength than for light of a second wavelength among light rays directed into the light modulating structure 300, and/or a different reflectance or absorbance for light of the first wavelength than for light of the second wavelength among light rays directed into the light modulating structure 300. For example, the dimming structure 300 is located at the light emitting side or the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure 220. For example, the dimming structure 300 is located between the light emitting side of the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second light guiding element 120.

For example, as shown in fig. 5, the polarization conversion structure 220 may be located between the polarization splitting element 210 and the second reflection structure 230, the dimming structure 300 may be located between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second reflection structure 230, or between the second reflection structure 230 and the second light guiding element 120, and the dimming structure 300 is located at the light emitting side of the polarization conversion structure 220. Of course, the embodiment of the utility model is not limited thereto, and the dimming structure 300 may also be located between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the polarization splitting element 210, for example, the dimming structure 300 is located on the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure.

For example, the polarization conversion structure 220 may be located between the second reflection structure 230 and the second light guiding element 120, and the dimming structure 300 may be located between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second light guiding element 120, or between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second reflection structure 230. For example, the polarization conversion structure 220 may also be located between the polarization splitting element 210 and the second light guiding element 120, and accordingly the dimming structure 300 may be located between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the polarization splitting element 210, or between the polarization conversion structure 220 and the second light guiding element 120.

The embodiment of the utility model is not limited thereto, and the dimming structure 300 may be located on the light incident side of the light conversion part 200 or the light emitting side of the light conversion part 200.

For example, one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light may be blue light, and the other may be red light and/or green light. For example, one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light may be blue light and/or green light, and the other may be red light. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, for example, one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light may be blue light, and the other may be light having a wavelength longer than a wavelength band of blue light (e.g., a visible light band longer than 480 nm); alternatively, one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light may be light of a wavelength band smaller than that of green light, and the other may be green light and light of a wavelength band larger than that of green light (e.g., a visible light band larger than 500 nm).

For example, the polarization conversion structure 220 may be an 1/4 wave plate or a 1/2 wave plate. For example, a wave plate generally has a high conversion efficiency for light of a certain wavelength or a certain wavelength band, and a relatively low conversion efficiency for light of other wavelengths/wavelength bands; for example, within the visible light band, the conversion efficiency of the wave plate to different color lights is different, for example, the wave plate generally has higher conversion efficiency to green light between 500-. The above-mentioned partial color light passing through the wave plate may be completely converted into a required polarization state, and the partial color light may not be completely converted into the required polarization state, which easily causes color deviation after the light emitted from the subsequent light guide device passes through the liquid crystal layer of the display panel (described later) and the color filter (color filter).

For example, the dimming structure 300 is configured to have a higher transmittance for blue light than for green and/or red light. For example, the dimming structure 300 is configured to have a higher transmittance for blue light than for yellow light.

For example, the light adjusting structure 300 may be an optical film having the above-described functions, such as a color filter; for example, the dimming structure 300 may be a multi-layered film formed using a polymer film or an inorganic dielectric stack.

In at least one embodiment of the utility model, the light guide device is provided with the light adjusting structure located on the light emitting side or the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure, so that the degree of color shift of the light emitted from the light conversion part to the second light guide element can be reduced, and further, the degree of color shift of the light incident to the liquid crystal display panel can be reduced, and finally, the liquid crystal display panel has almost no color shift or little color shift when displaying.

The structures other than the dimming structure in the example shown in fig. 5 may have the same features as the corresponding structures shown in any one of fig. 1A to 4, and are not described again here.

For example, fig. 6 is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The example shown in fig. 6 is different from the example shown in fig. 4 in that the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are arranged along the extending direction of the second light guide element 120. For example, as shown in fig. 6, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are arranged in the X direction.

For example, as shown in fig. 6, since the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are sequentially arranged along a direction, the light emitted from the first reflective structure 112 and the medium 111 may be incident on the second light guide element 120 without being reflected by the third reflective structure 113 shown in fig. 3B.

For example, as shown in fig. 6, the light conversion part 200 may be disposed between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120, one polarized light transmitted by the polarization beam splitter 210 is emitted to the second light guide element 120, and the other polarized light reflected by the polarization beam splitter 210 is reflected by the second reflection structure 230 to the second light guide element 120.

The first light guiding element 110 in at least one example of the utility model may have the same features as the first light guiding element 110 shown in fig. 4, and will not be described herein again. The light conversion portion 200 in this example may have the same features as the light conversion portion shown in any one of fig. 3A to 4, and is not described herein again. For example, the dimming structure 300 shown in fig. 5 may be provided in this example. The first light guide element and the second light guide element in the embodiment shown in fig. 6 are arranged side by side, so that the light guide device has a smaller thickness, and the light guide device is thinned.

For example, fig. 7 is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the light guide apparatus further includes a light condensing element 400 disposed on the light incident side of the second light guide element 120, wherein the light condensing element 400 is configured to condense the light incident thereon toward a predetermined direction and to be incident on the second light guide element 120. For example, fig. 7 schematically illustrates that the light collection element 400 is disposed between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 when the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are disposed in an overlapping arrangement (aligned in the Y direction as shown in the figure). For example, when the first light guide element and the second light guide element are arranged along the X direction shown in the figure, the light gathering element 400 may or may not be located between the first light guide element and the second light guide element, and the position of the light gathering element may be set according to a specific product structure.

For example, the light condensing element 400 may include at least one lens, and the at least one lens may condense the light emitted from the first light guiding element 110, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light. For example, the at least one lens may comprise a convex lens. For example, the light concentrating element 400 may also include a prism or a curved mirror.

For example, the light condensing element 400 is configured to deflect the light passing through the light condensing element, incident into the second light guiding element 120 and propagating on the light emergent surface close to the second light guiding element 120, in a direction away from the light emergent surface. For example, the light passing through the light condensing element 400 and incident to the second light guiding element 120, wherein the light propagating at a position far away from the first light guiding element 110 is shifted to a side close to the first light guiding element 110. For example, the light collection element 400 may include an eccentric lens, e.g., an eccentric lens whose optical axis may be considered to be non-coincident (e.g., some distance from) the lens geometric axis, such as the eccentric lens shown in FIG. 7, whose optical axis may be offset to the left in the X-direction. For example, the eccentric lens can adjust that, among the light rays emitted from the light emitting surface of the first light guiding element 110 to the second light guiding element 120, the light ray close to the light incident side of the first light guiding element 110 (for example, the light ray on the left side of the eccentric lens 400 in fig. 7) can be shifted toward the light incident side thereof, and the light ray far away from the light incident side of the first light guiding element 110 (for example, the light ray on the right side of the eccentric lens 400 in fig. 7) among the light rays emitted from the light emitting surface of the first light guiding element 110 to the second light guiding element 120 can be shifted or reduced, so that when the light ray incident on the second light guiding element 120 is transmitted, the light ray transmitted at a position far from the first light guiding element 110 is shifted toward a side close to the first light guiding element 110, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the light ray. Fig. 7 schematically shows, but is not limited to, that the first light guiding element and the second light guiding element are arranged along the Y direction, and the light concentrating element is located between the first light guiding element and the second light guiding element. For example, the first light guide element and the second light guide element may be arranged along the X direction shown in fig. 7, and the light collecting element may or may not be located between the first light guide elements.

For example, a reflection portion is further disposed between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120, and the reflection portion can reflect light (for example, light with a larger angle) leaking from the second light guide element 120 during propagation back to the second light guide element 120 and/or the liquid crystal display panel, so as to further improve the light utilization rate. It is understood that the reflective surface 1120 may also serve a similar effect.

For example, fig. 8A and 8B are schematic partial sectional structures of light guide devices provided according to two examples of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8A and 8B, the second light guide element 120 extends in a first direction (X direction as shown in the drawing), in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 overlap, and the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are integrally molded; for example, the medium 111 of the first light guiding element 110 and the second light guiding element 120 are integrally formed; for example, the media of both may be integrally formed. The second direction is schematically shown as the Y direction in the figure in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the second direction being the Y direction shown in fig. 8A and 8B, but may be a direction perpendicular to the XY plane.

For example, as shown in fig. 8A, the first light guiding element 110 extends along a first direction, and the length of the first light guiding element 110 is less than the length of the second light guiding element 120, such that the second light guiding element 120 includes a first sub-portion 121 that does not overlap the first light guiding element 110 in a second direction. For example, when the light guide device shown in fig. 8A is applied to a light source device, the light source device includes a light guide device and a light source portion (the light source portion shown in fig. 18), the light source portion may be arranged with the first light guide element along the first direction, and in the Y direction, the light source portion overlaps with the first sub-portion 121 of the second light guide element 120, so that a partial space where the first light guide element 110 is not disposed may be utilized to reduce the size of the light source device mentioned later, which is beneficial to product application.

For example, as shown in fig. 8B, the first light guide element 110 includes a second sub-portion 122 that does not overlap the second light guide element 120 in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the second light guide element 120. For example, fig. 8B schematically illustrates that the length of the second light guiding element 120 is smaller than the length of the first light guiding element 110, such that the first light guiding element 110 comprises a second sub-section 122 which does not overlap the second light guiding element 120 in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second light guiding element 120. But not limited thereto, the length of the first light guiding element may also be less than or equal to the length of the second light guiding element.

For example, when the light guide device shown in fig. 8B is applied to a light source device, the light source device includes a light guide device and a light source portion (the light source portion 500 shown in fig. 18), which may be aligned with the second light guide element in the first direction and overlap the second sub-portion 122 of the first light guide element 110 in the Y direction. For example, the second light guide element 120 and the second sub-portion 122 define the edge of a receiving space in which the light source portion can be located, so that the partial space where the second light guide element 120 is not located can be utilized to reduce the size of the device, which is advantageous for product applications.

For example, as shown in fig. 8A and 8B, the first light guiding element 110 further includes first reflective structures 112 disposed on at least two sides of the medium 111. The medium 111 in this example may be a transparent substrate in the examples shown in fig. 1A to 7, and the first reflective structure 112 in this example may have the same features as the first reflective structure 112 in the examples shown in fig. 1A to 7, and is not described herein again.

For example, fig. 8C is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. The difference with the example shown in fig. 3B is that the medium 111 of the first light guiding element 110 does not overlap with the second light guiding element 120 in the Y-direction. For example, the third reflective structure 113 of the first light guiding element 110 overlaps the second light guiding element 120 in the Y-direction.

For example, fig. 9 is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 both extend along a first direction, and the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 are arranged along the first direction.

For example, as shown in fig. 9, the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 may be structures separated from each other. But not limited thereto, the first light guiding element may also be integrally formed with the second light guiding element. The first light guide element in this example may have the same features as the first light guide element shown in fig. 1A to 7, and the second light guide element in this example may have the same features as the second light guide element shown in fig. 1A to 7, which are not described herein again.

For example, fig. 10A is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10A, the light guiding structure 100 further includes a third light guiding element 130, the light out-coupling portion 101 includes a first light out-coupling portion 1011 and a second light out-coupling portion 1012, the second light guiding element 120 includes the first light out-coupling portion 1011, the third light guiding element 130 includes the second light out-coupling portion 1012, in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the second light guiding element 120, the second light out-coupling portion 1012 overlaps with the first light guiding element 110, and at least a portion of the first light out-coupling portion 1011 does not overlap with the second light out-coupling portion 1012.

For example, as shown in fig. 10A, light propagating in the medium 111 and reflected by the first reflecting structure 112 is incident on the first light out-coupling portion 1011 and is coupled out from the first light out-coupling portion 1011, for example, is not incident on the second light out-coupling portion 1012 without being processed by the first light out-coupling portion 1011.

For example, as shown in fig. 10A, the light coupled out from the first light out-coupling portion 1011 passes through the third light guiding element 130 (the portion of the light coupled out from the first light out-coupling portion 1011 passing through the third light guiding element 130 is made of a transparent material), and then exits from the light guiding structure 100. For example, the light coupled out from the first light out-coupling portion 1011 may pass through a portion of the third light guiding element 130 not provided with the second light out-coupling portion 1012 and then exit from the light guiding structure 100, but the utility model is not limited thereto, and the light coupled out from the first light out-coupling portion 1011 may also pass through the second light out-coupling portion 1012 of the third light guiding element 130 and then exit from the light guiding structure 100.

For example, as shown in fig. 10A, the first light out-coupling portion 1011 and the second light out-coupling portion 1012 at least meet or partially overlap in the Y direction. For example, as shown in fig. 10A, light sources may be disposed on both sides of the light guide structure 100 in the X direction, and light emitted from the light source disposed on one side enters the light guide structure 100 from a side of the first light guide element 110 away from the second light guide element 120 and is coupled out by the first light out-coupling portion 1011; the light emitted from the light source disposed at the other side is transmitted only in the third light guiding element 130 and is coupled out by the second light out-coupling part 1012. Light rays emitted by the light sources on the two sides are gradually homogenized when being transmitted in the corresponding light guide structures before being emitted through the light out-coupling parts, so that the uniformity of the light rays is improved. In addition, the light sources are arranged on two sides of the light guide structure, so that heat dissipation is facilitated. The first light guide element and the second light guide element in this example may have the same features as the first light guide element and the second light guide element shown in fig. 1A to 7, respectively, and are not described again here.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A to 10A, the light out-coupling portion comprises an array of transflective elements, at least some of which are configured to partially reflect and partially transmit light rays propagating to the transflective elements, such that a portion of the light rays are coupled out of the second light guiding element and another portion continues to propagate in the second light guiding element. The above-mentioned transflective element may refer to a first transflective element described below, which has the same features and embodiments as the above-mentioned transflective element. For example, the light out-coupling part 101 comprises a first transflective element array 0100, the first transflective element array 0100 comprises a plurality of first transflective elements 0110, the first transflective elements 0110 are configured to emit a portion of the light rays propagating to the first transflective elements 0110 out of the light guide by one of reflection and transmission, and to cause another portion of the light rays propagating to the first transflective elements 0110 to continue to propagate in the light guide by the other of reflection and transmission. The embodiment of the present invention schematically illustrates that at least a part of the first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element array 0100 are configured to reflect a part of the light rays propagating to the first transflective elements 0110 out of the second light guiding element 120 and transmit another part of the light rays so that the part of the light rays continue to propagate in the second light guiding element 120. For example, the first transflective element may include a dot structure disposed on a surface of the second light guiding element, such that a portion of the light may be transmitted out of the light guiding structure by the dot structure and a portion of the light may be reflected by the dot structure to continue propagating in the light guiding structure by destroying a reflection angle of the light propagating by total reflection in the light guiding structure.

Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the light out-coupling portion may further include a grating configured to emit a portion of the light propagating to the grating out of the second light guiding element.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A to 10A, the second light guiding element 120 further includes a light guiding medium 123, the light guiding medium 123 includes a transparent material, for example, the light guiding medium 123 may be a transparent substrate made of a transparent material such as resin, glass, or plastic, and the transparent substrate is configured to perform total reflection propagation and/or non-total reflection propagation on the light entering the light guiding medium 123; alternatively, the light guide medium 123 includes air. "non-total reflection propagation" herein refers to propagation of a light ray (e.g., a light ray having a small partial divergence angle) in a medium in a manner other than total reflection, for example, the light ray may propagate in the medium and may not be reflected (e.g., may not be reflected at an interface between the medium and air); alternatively, the light (e.g., a portion of light with a large divergence angle) may be reflected and propagated in a non-total reflection manner, for example, it may not satisfy a total reflection condition, for example, when the reflection occurs on an interface between a medium and air (or other medium), the reflection angle is smaller than a critical angle of total reflection, and it may be considered that the light is not or rarely propagated in the light guide medium by total reflection. For example, the main direction of the light ray incident on the light guide medium or the main optical axis propagation direction of the light ray incident on the light guide medium is a direction parallel to a straight line, and may be parallel to the X direction, for example, or may be continued after some light rays are specularly reflected. The term "total reflection propagation" as used herein may mean that the reflection angle of a light ray (e.g., a light ray having a large partial divergence angle and satisfying a total reflection condition) at the interface between the light guide element and the air (or other medium) is not less than the critical angle of total reflection. For example, most of the light incident on the light guide element propagates by total reflection. For example, a part of the light incident on the light guide element may not be reflected and may propagate in the light guide element along a straight line, and another part of the light may propagate after being totally reflected.

For example, the light guide medium 123 is made of a material that can perform a waveguide function, and is generally a transparent material having a refractive index greater than 1. For example, the material of the light guiding medium 123 may include one or more of Silicon dioxide, lithium niobate, Silicon-on-insulator (SOI), a high molecular polymer, a group iii-v semiconductor compound, glass, and the like.

For example, the light guide medium 123 may be a planar substrate, a stripe-shaped substrate, a ridge-shaped substrate, and the like. For example, in at least one example of the embodiment of the present invention, the light guide medium uses a planar substrate to form a uniform surface light source.

For example, the first transflective element 0110 may be a surface of the light guide medium 123, or may be a reflective medium disposed on the surface of the light guide medium 123 by plating or pasting. For example, the light guide medium 123 may be divided into a plurality of cylinders (e.g., parallelepipeds) having a parallelogram cross section, and the first transflective elements 0110 may be disposed between the spliced cylinders. For example, the pillar may include two surfaces opposite to each other, one of the two surfaces may be a light incident surface of the pillar, and the other surface is located at a back side of the light incident surface. For example, the first transflective element may be a surface of the light incident surface of the pillar, or a surface of the pillar opposite to the light incident surface.

For example, the medium between adjacent first transflective elements 0110 may be a light guiding medium 123. For example, the light guide medium 123 includes a plurality of waveguide sub-media arranged along the first direction and attached to each other, a reflective medium is sandwiched between adjacent waveguide sub-media, each waveguide sub-medium is configured to cause total internal reflection of the light, and the transflective element is configured to couple a part of the light out of the light guide element by reflecting the light to destroy the total reflection condition of the part of the light.

For example, fig. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the light guide device when the light guide medium is air. As shown in fig. 10B, when the light guide medium 123 is air, the transflective element array can be fixed by means of a support plate, an adhesive, or the like, so that the light guide device can be reduced in weight and is highly practical.

For example, the embodiment of the utility model is described by taking an example that the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are all parallel to each other, and the light rays emitted from the transflective element array are parallel light. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the plurality of transflective elements in the transflective element array may not be parallel, and the light emitted from the transflective element array may be adjusted to be convergent light or divergent light by adjusting an included angle between the plurality of transflective elements.

For example, fig. 1A to 10A schematically illustrate a propagation manner of light rays in a light guide structure provided with a light outcoupling portion as non-total reflection propagation. The embodiment of the utility model is not limited to the non-total reflection propagation mode as the propagation mode of the light in the light guide structure provided with the light out-coupling part. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating total reflection propagation of light rays in a light guide structure provided with a light out-coupling part according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11, the light in the light guide structure provided with the light out-coupling portion may propagate in a total reflection manner, that is, the reflection angle of the light when reflected on the interface between the light guide structure and the air (or other medium) is not less than the critical angle of total reflection.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A to 11, the first transflective elements 0110 are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the second light guide element 120 (e.g., sequentially arranged along the X direction), and the reflectivity of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 gradually increases along the propagation direction of the light propagating in the second light guide element 120. The "propagation direction of the light propagating in the second light guide element" may refer to a direction of the whole (macroscopic) light propagation, for example, the direction of the light propagating in the second light guide element 120 refers to a direction opposite to the arrow in the X direction shown in fig. 1A, for example, the direction of the light propagating in the second light guide element 120 refers to a direction opposite to the arrow in the X direction shown in fig. 11, and the light entering the second light guide element may perform total reflection propagation in the second light guide element as shown in fig. 11 or may perform non-total reflection propagation as shown in fig. 1A, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.

For example, the reflectivity of any two of the first plurality of transflective elements 0110 may be different.

For example, the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may be N, and the reflectivities of the N first transflective elements 0110 are sequentially set to 1/N, 1/N-1, 1/N-2, as an example, 1, 25, and 1, respectively, along the propagation direction of the light rays propagating in the second light guide element 120, so that the light intensity reflected by each first transflective element 0100 is substantially equal, and the light rays exiting from the light guide structure have better uniformity.

For example, the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may be 8, the reflectivities of the 8 first transflective elements 0110 are sequentially set to 1/8, 1/7, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, and 1, respectively, along the propagation direction of the light ray propagating in the second light guiding element 120, and a reflective film with different reflectivities is disposed on each first transflective element 0100, so 8 reflective films with different reflectivities may be disposed on the 8 first transflective elements 0110.

For example, as shown in fig. 1A, a first transflective element 0110 (e.g., which may be considered as a first transflective element that receives light emitted from the first light guide element 110) of the array of transflective elements that is positioned at the edge-most and near the light-entering side is configured to reflect at least a portion of light propagating from the first light guide element 110 into the second light guide element 120, and the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is greater than the transmissivity. For example, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 located at the extreme edge may be not less than 90%, for example, close to 100%, so as to reflect all the light rays propagating from the first light guide element 110 into the second light guide element 120 to other first transflective elements 0110 as much as possible. For example, the first transflective element 0110 located at the outermost edge may be configured as an element having a transmittance, where the transmittance is set such that the intensity of the light transmitted through the second light guiding element 120 is close to the intensity of the light coupled out by other subsequent first transflective elements 0110, which is beneficial to increase the light emitting area of the second light guiding element and avoid the edge from emitting no light.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a light guiding structure provided with a light out-coupling portion according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 12, the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 includes M transflective element groups 011, each of the at least one transflective element groups 011 includes at least two first transflective elements 0110 having a predetermined reflectance, and the first transflective elements 0110 located in different transflective element groups 011 have different reflectances, M being a positive integer greater than 1. For example, the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 includes M transflective element groups 011, each of the at least one transflective element groups 011 includes at least two first transflective elements 0110 having the same reflectivity, and the first transflective elements 0110 located in different transflective element groups 011 have different reflectivities, M being a positive integer greater than 1. The term "the same reflectivity" may include the same reflectivity and the same reflectivity, and the term "the same reflectivity" means that the ratio of the two reflectivities is 0.8 to 1.2, or 0.9 to 1.1, or 0.95 to 1.05; and/or both may be considered to be provided with the same type of transflective film, e.g., the material of the transflective films provided for both may be the same. In the embodiment of the utility model, the plurality of first transflective elements are arranged so that at least two transflective elements have the same reflectivity, so that the types of transflective films required by the transflective element array can be reduced, and the cost of the light guide structure can be reduced. For example, the at least two first transflective elements 0110 having a predetermined reflectivity may be the at least two first transflective elements 0110 having the same reflectivity. For example, one of the plurality of transflective elements that is farthest from the light-entering side of the plurality of transflective elements may have a reflectivity of 95% or more, or a transmissivity of 5% or less, e.g., the transflective element may reflect only light.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may be N, and the number of the reflectivities included in the N first transflective elements 0110 is less than N, so that the number of transflective films required by the first transflective element array may be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the light guide apparatus.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are arranged along a propagation direction of the light in the light guide device (e.g., the second light guide element 120), and the reflectivity of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 gradually increases regionally along the arrangement direction of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110. For example, regionally increasing may refer to: the plurality of first transflective elements are divided into two or more regions (one region may refer to one transflective element group, but is not limited thereto, and one region may also include two adjacent or more transflective element groups), and the reflectivities of the transflective elements in the different regions are different and gradually increase as a whole. For example, when a region includes a plurality of transflective elements, the plurality of transflective elements in the region are disposed adjacently, and it is considered that no transflective element belonging to another region is disposed between any two transflective elements in the plurality of transflective elements in the region. For example, when one region includes a plurality of transflective elements, the reflectances of the transflective elements may be the same or different, and when the reflectances of the transflective elements are different, the reflectances may be gradually changed (for example, the reflectances may be set to 1/8, 1/7, and 1/6), but of course, the reflectances may not have a specific change law (for example, the reflectances may be set to 1/8, 1/7, and 1/8), and the plurality of regions may be gradually changed as a whole.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 having the largest reflectivity among the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 is not less than 90%. For example, the second light guide element 120 includes a light entrance side, the first transflective element 0110 farthest from the light entrance side can be the first transflective element 0110 with the largest reflectivity, and the reflectivity of the transflective surface of the first transflective element 0110 to light incident thereon is no less than 92%, or no less than 95%, or no less than 98%, such as the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is close to or almost 100%, i.e., the first transflective element 0110 can reflect almost all light incident on the transflective surface thereof out of the second light guide element.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the second light guide element 120 includes a plurality of light exit regions 010, a plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of light exit regions 010, and the plurality of light exit regions 010 (e.g., each light exit region) are configured to emit light reflected by the corresponding first transflective element 0110. For example, when the light guide medium in the second light guide element 120 is a transparent substrate, the light emergent region refers to a region on the light emergent surface of the light guide medium, and a region where the light reflected by the first transflective element 0110 exits from the light emergent surface of the light guide medium is a light emergent region 010. The light emitting surface may be a solid surface, such as a surface of a transparent substrate. For example, when the light guide medium of the second light guide element 120 is air, the side of the first transflective elements 0110 away from the first light guide element 110 is taken as the light emitting side (taking the positional relationship between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120 shown in fig. 1A as an example), the edges of the first transflective elements 0110 away from the first light guide element 110 may be located in the same plane (a plane perpendicular to the Y direction), the light emitting area 010 may be an area on the plane, and the area from which the light reflected by one first transflective element 0110 exits is taken as one light emitting area 010. Alternatively, the plane of the light emergent region may be a non-solid virtual plane, such as the light emergent region shown in fig. 10B.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, any two light exiting regions 010 do not overlap (e.g., meet); alternatively, at least two adjacent light exiting regions 010 overlap. For example, when orthographic projections of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 on a plane perpendicular to the Y direction do not overlap, any two light exiting regions 010 do not overlap. For example, orthographic projections of at least two adjacent first transflective elements 0110 on a plane perpendicular to the Y direction overlap, then the light exiting regions 010 corresponding to the at least two adjacent first transflective elements 0110 overlap.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the difference between the intensities of the light rays emitted from any two light exiting regions 010 is not greater than 20% of the intensity of one of the light exiting regions. The above "intensity" may refer to brightness, luminous flux, illuminance, or light intensity. For example, the difference between the intensities of the light beams emitted from any two light exiting regions 010 is not more than 15% of the intensity of one of the light exiting regions. For example, the difference between the intensities of the light beams emitted from any two light exiting regions 010 is not more than 10% of the intensity of one of the light exiting regions. For example, the difference between the intensities of the light beams emitted from any two light exiting regions 010 is not more than 5% of the intensity of one of the light exiting regions. For example, the luminance difference between any two regions is in the range of 20%. In the plurality of first transflective elements provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the reflectivity of at least part of the first transflective elements is adjusted so that the intensity difference of the light rays emitted from any two light emergent regions is not greater than 20% of the intensity of one of the light emergent regions, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the light rays emitted from the second light guide element.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the first transflective elements 0110 located in the same group 011 are adjacently arranged along the propagation direction of the light rays within the second light guiding element 120. For example, a set of transflective elements includes two first transflective elements 0110, which may be transflective elements adjacent to each other 0110. For example, one transflective element group includes three or more first transflective elements 0110, the three or more first transflective elements 0110 are sequentially arranged, and any two first transflective elements 0110 are not provided with the first transflective elements 0110 belonging to other transflective element groups.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may be N, for example, 8, the first transflective elements 0110 included in each of the M groups of first transflective elements have the same reflectivity, and the reflectivities of the first transflective elements 0110 in any two of the M groups are different. For example, as shown in fig. 12, M may be 4, and the reflectivities of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may be sequentially set to 1/8, 1/8, 1/6, 1/6, 1/4, 1/4, 1/2, and 1 along the propagation direction of the light ray in the second light guiding element 120, where the number of the group of first transflective elements 0110 is one or two. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the group of first transflective elements may also be three or more, and may be set according to actual product requirements.

For example, a diffusion element may be disposed on the light exit side of the second light guide element 120 to diffuse the light emitted from the second light guide element 120, so that the uniformity of the light may be improved.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the M transflective element groups 011 include a first transflective element group 011-1 and a second transflective element group 011-2, the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is greater than the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is not greater than the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2. For example, the reflectance of the first transflective elements 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is 1/6 described above, the reflectance of the first transflective elements 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is 1/8 described above, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 may be equal to the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2. For example, the reflectance of the first transflective elements 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 is 1/2 described above, the reflectance of the first transflective elements 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2 is 1/4 described above, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the first transflective element group 011-1 may be smaller than the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the second transflective element group 011-2.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the number of first transflective elements 0110 included in the transflective element group 011 can be reduced regionally along the propagation direction of the light rays in the second light guide element 120. For example, the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element group 011 closest to the light incident side of the second light guide element 120 is the largest, the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element group 011 farthest from the light incident side of the second light guide element 120 is the smallest, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element group 011 located between the two transflective element groups 011 may be located between the two numbers or the same as the one with the larger numerical value among the numbers; the number of the transflective element groups 011 positioned between the two transflective element groups 011 can be a plurality, and the number of the first transflective elements 0110 in the transflective element groups 011 can be the same or different; for example, when the number of first transflective elements 0110 in two transflective element groups 011 in these transflective element groups 011 is different, the number of first transflective elements 0110 in one transflective element group 011 close to the light entrance side of the second light guide element 120 may be larger than the number of first transflective elements 0110 in one transflective element group 011 far from the light entrance side of the second light guide element 120.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the M transflective element groups 011 include a third transflective element group 011-3, the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the third transflective element group 011-3 is greater than the reflectance of the first transflective element 0110 in the other transflective element groups 011, and the third transflective element group 011-3 includes only one first transflective element 0110. For example, as shown in fig. 12, the third transflective element group 011-3 is the transflective element group 011 farthest from the light incident side of the second light guiding element 120, and the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the transflective element group 011 is not less than 90%. For example, the reflectivity of the transflective surface of the first transflective element 0110 in the set of transflective elements 011 to light rays incident thereon is not less than 92%, or not less than 95%, or not less than 98%, such as the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 in the set of transflective elements 011 is close to or almost 100%, i.e., the first transflective element 0110 can reflect almost all light rays incident on its transflective surface out of the second light guiding element.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the tilt directions of the first transflective elements 0110 positioned in the same transflective element group 011 are the same. The "tilt direction" may refer to a tilt direction of the first transflective element with respect to the Y direction, for example, a direction indicated by an arrow in the X direction is rightward, and the first transflective element 0110 located in the same transflective element group 011 is tilted rightward. For example, the tilting direction of the first plurality of transflective elements 0110 may all be the same, or may have a certain error range, for example an error range of 0 ° -10 °.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the first transflective elements 0110 located in the same transflective element group 011 are arranged in parallel. For example, any two of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are disposed parallel to each other. The term "parallel" as used herein may include strictly parallel and substantially parallel, where strictly parallel means that any two of them form an angle of 0 ° and substantially parallel means that any two of them form an angle of not more than 10 °. By arranging the plurality of first transflective elements in parallel, the light emitted from the second light guide element can be parallel light. The embodiment of the utility model is not limited to this, and some of the plurality of first transflective elements may be arranged in a non-parallel manner to converge or diverge the light emitted from the second light guiding element.

For example, in an example of the embodiment of the present invention, the light guide device further includes a second transflective element array, as shown in fig. 10A, the second light out-coupling portion 1012 includes the second transflective element array, the second transflective element array includes a plurality of second transflective elements 0120, at least part of the plurality of second transflective elements 0120 is configured to partially transmit and partially reflect the light propagating to the second transflective elements 0120, so that a part of the light exits the light guide device (e.g., the third light guide element 130) and another part of the light continues to propagate in the light guide device. For example, the above-mentioned transflective element may refer to a second transflective element described below, which has the same features and embodiments as the above-mentioned transflective element. For example, the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array do not overlap in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first transflective elements (e.g., the Y direction shown in fig. 10A), e.g., the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array are arranged along the Y direction which may be shown in fig. 10A.

For example, as shown in fig. 10A, the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array are overlapped in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first transflective element 0110.

For example, as shown in fig. 10A, the plurality of second transflective elements includes M 'transflective element groups, each of the at least one transflective element groups includes at least two second transflective elements having the same reflectivity, and the reflectivities of the second transflective elements located in different transflective element groups are different, and M' is a positive integer greater than 1. The "same reflectivity" may include completely the same reflectivity and approximately the same reflectivity, and the term "approximately the same reflectivity" refers to the ratio of the two reflectivities being 0.8 to 1.2, or 0.9 to 1.1, or 0.95 to 1.05. In the embodiment of the utility model, the plurality of second transflective elements are arranged into M' transflective element groups, and at least two transflective elements have the same reflectivity, so that the types of transflective films required by the second transflective element arrays can be reduced, and the cost of the light guide device can be reduced.

For example, as shown in fig. 10A, the number of the plurality of second transflective elements may be N '(for example, N' is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2), and the types of the reflectances included in the N 'second transflective elements are smaller than N', so that the types of the transflective films required by the second transflective element array may be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the light guide apparatus.

For example, as shown in fig. 10A, the plurality of second transflective elements are arranged along the propagation direction of the light beam in the light guide device, and the reflectance of the plurality of second transflective elements gradually increases regionally along the arrangement direction of the plurality of second transflective elements.

For example, the above-mentioned regionally gradually increasing may mean: the plurality of second transflective elements are divided into two or more regions (one region may refer to one transflective element group, but is not limited thereto, and one region may also include two adjacent transflective element groups or two or more transflective element groups), and the reflectivities of the transflective elements in the different regions are different and gradually increase as a whole.

For example, as shown in fig. 10A, the reflectance of the second transflective element having the largest reflectance among the plurality of second transflective elements is not less than 90%. For example, the light guide comprises a light entry side, and the second transflective element furthest from the light entry side may be the second transflective element having the largest reflectivity, the reflectivity of the transflective surface of the second transflective element to light incident thereon being no less than 92%, or no less than 95%, or no less than 98%, such as the reflectivity of the second transflective element being close to or almost 100%, the second transflective element being capable of reflecting almost all light incident on the transflective surface thereof out of the light guide.

The second transflective element in embodiments of the present invention may have the same properties as the first transflective element described above, e.g. a reflective medium provided in the first transflective element may be applied to the second transflective element.

For example, when the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array are arranged in the X direction as shown in fig. 10A, the two transflective element arrays may be mirror-symmetrical. For example, when the first transflective element array and the second transflective element array are arranged in the X direction shown in fig. 2, the kinds of reflective media in the two transflective element arrays may be arranged in mirror symmetry.

Fig. 13A to 13H are schematic partial plan views of transflective elements provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 13A to 13H, a plurality of transflective elements (e.g. at least one of the first transflective element 0110 and the second transflective element 0120) comprises transflective elements provided with a reflective medium 0111, at least part of the transflective elements being provided with a reflective medium 0111 having a first reflectivity, and of at least two of the at least part of the transflective elements, the reflective medium 0111 having the first reflectivity occupying a different area ratio of the respective transflective elements to make the reflectivities of the at least two transflective elements different. For example, at least some of the transflective elements are provided with a reflective medium 0111 having the same reflectivity, and of at least two of the at least some of the transflective elements, the reflective medium 0111 having the same reflectivity occupies a different area ratio of the respective transflective elements such that the reflectivities of the at least two transflective elements are different. The above-mentioned "same reflectance" includes exactly the same reflectance and approximately the same reflectance, and approximately the same reflectance means that the ratio of the difference between the reflectance of any two to one of them is not more than 10% (for example, may be not more than 8%, 5%, or 1%). For example, the first reflectivity may refer to at least one specific reflectivity, such as at least one of 80%, 70%, 60% and other values. For example, of the at least two transflective elements, the reflective medium 0111 has a first reflectivity, which is a specific reflectivity, for example, the first reflectivity is 60%, and the at least two transflective elements have the same reflectivity; alternatively, in at least two transflective elements, the reflective medium 0111 has a first reflectivity, which includes a plurality of specific reflectivities, for example, the first reflectivity includes 60% and 80%, and it can be considered that a reflective medium with a reflectivity of 60% and a reflective medium with a reflectivity of 80% are disposed on each of the at least two transflective elements.

For example, the plurality of transflective elements comprises transflective elements provided with a reflective medium 0111 the reflective medium 0111 of at least one of the transflective element arrangements comprises at least two different reflectivities, and the number of types of reflectivities of the reflective medium 0111 of the plurality of transflective element arrangements is less than the number of the plurality of transflective elements 0110.

For example, at least some of the transflective elements are provided with reflective media 0111 having two or more reflectances, and of at least two of the at least some of the transflective elements, the reflective media 0111 having the same reflectivity occupy different area ratios of the respective transflective elements so that the reflectances of the at least two transflective elements are different. For example, the reflective medium 0111 comprises two media with a reflectivity of 60% and a reflectivity of 80%, and of the at least two transflective elements, the ratio of the area of the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 60% to the area of the corresponding transflective element 0110 is different, and/or the ratio of the area of the reflective medium with a reflectivity of 80% to the area of the corresponding transflective element is different, such that the reflectivity of the at least two transflective elements is different. The above-mentioned "same reflectance" may refer to the same reflectance, including the exact same reflectance and the approximately same reflectance, and the approximately same reflectance refers to a ratio of a difference between the reflectance of any two to one of them of not more than 10% (e.g., may be not more than 8%, 5%, or 1%).

According to the embodiment of the utility model, the reflecting media with the same reflectivity are arranged on the at least two transflective elements, and the reflectivity of the corresponding transflective element is adjusted by adjusting the areas of the reflecting media with the same reflectivity on the at least two transflective elements, so that the variety of the reflecting media is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the transflective element is reduced.

For example, the reflective medium provided in the at least one transflective element may be a medium including one reflective film or a medium including a plurality of reflective films, and the reflectance of the reflective medium refers to the reflectance of the entire multi-film layer included in the reflective medium. For example, the reflective medium may be a transflective medium, the transflective medium may be a medium including one transflective film, or may be a medium including a plurality of transflective films, and the transmittance of the transflective medium refers to the transmittance of the entire film layer included in the transflective medium. For example, the reflective medium of at least one transflective element arrangement includes a stack of multilayer reflective films comprising a plurality of tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum fluoride.

For example, in this example, the arrangement of the plurality of transflective elements and the variation trend of the reflectivity of the plurality of transflective elements may be the same as those shown in fig. 1A to 12, and will not be described again here.

For example, fig. 13A to 13H illustrate the first transflective element 0110, but not limited thereto, the second transflective element is also applicable. For example, fig. 13A to 13H schematically show that the shape of the first transflective element 0110 is rectangular, but is not limited thereto, and the shape of the first transflective element may be other polygonal shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon. For example, the first transflective element 0110 may be a surface of the light guide medium 123. For example, the light guide medium 123 may be divided into a plurality of cylinders (e.g., parallelepipeds) having a parallelogram cross section, and the transflective elements 0110 may be disposed between the spliced cylinders. For example, the pillar may include two surfaces opposite to each other, one of the two surfaces may be a light incident surface of the pillar, and the other surface is located at a back side of the light incident surface. For example, the reflective medium may be plated or otherwise affixed to the transflective element, i.e., may be disposed on the surface of a cylinder, such as the surface where the cylinders are spliced together. The shape of the first transflective element may be indicative of the shape of the surface of a cylinder spliced in the optical medium.

For example, as shown in fig. 13A to 13H, the areas of any two transflective elements 0110 in the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 are the same, and the reflective media 0111 disposed on the same first transflective element 0110 are reflective media 0111 having the same reflectivity (e.g., first reflectivity). For example, the reflective medium 0111 may be a material with a relatively high reflectivity, and for example, the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 may be not less than 80%. For example, the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 can be no less than 90%. For example, the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 can be no less than 95%. By providing a reflective medium with a relatively large reflectivity on the same first transflective element, the reflectivity of the first transflective element can be made to have a relatively large adjustable range, i.e. the first transflective element can be adjusted to have a relatively large reflectivity (e.g. the same reflectivity as the reflective medium) or a relatively small reflectivity (e.g. a reflectivity of less than 40%). Of course, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and some reflective media disposed on the first transflective element may also be made of a material with a lower reflectivity according to the position of the first transflective element and the requirement for the reflectivity. The term "the same area" may mean that the areas of the two are completely the same or substantially the same, for example, the ratio of the areas of the two is 0.8 to 1.2, for example, 0.9 to 1.1.

For example, as shown in fig. 13A to 13H, the reflective media 0111 disposed on all the first transflective elements 0110 are the reflective media 0111 having the first reflectivity. For example, the reflective medium 0111 having the same reflectivity is disposed on each of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110. For example, the reflective media 0111 disposed on the first transflective elements 0110 may be the reflective media 0111 made of the same material, so that the types of the reflective media are greatly reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the product is reduced.

For example, as shown in fig. 13A to 13H, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium 0111 disposed therein. For example, for a first transflective element 0110, the larger the area of the reflective medium 0111 disposed thereon, the greater the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110, and when the area of the reflective medium 0111 is substantially the same as the surface area of the first transflective element 0110, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 reaches a maximum, which may be substantially equal to the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111. When the area of the reflective medium 0111 is smaller than the surface area of the first transflective element 0110, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is smaller than the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111, and thus, by adjusting the area of the reflective medium 0111 disposed on the first transflective element 0110, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 can be adjusted.

For example, as shown in fig. 13A to 13H, part of the first transflective elements 0110 further include a blank area 0112, and the blank area 0112 includes an area where the reflective medium 0111 is not disposed on the first transflective elements 0110. For example, the area of the first transflective element 0110 other than the reflective medium 0111 is the blank area 0112. The reflectivity of a first transflective element may be adjusted by adjusting an area ratio of the reflective medium to the clear area on the first transflective element, wherein the greater the area ratio of the reflective medium to the clear area, the higher the reflectivity of the first transflective element. For example, the plurality of first transflective elements may be surfaces of a plurality of parallelepipeds included in the light guide medium (e.g., surfaces on which the plurality of parallelepipeds are spliced), and the blank region may be a region of the surfaces on which the reflective medium is not disposed.

For example, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 in the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 13A is greater than the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112 in the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 13B, and the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 13A is greater than the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 13B. Fig. 13A and 13B schematically show that the reflective media 0111 extend along the U direction and are arranged along the V direction, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the reflective media may be arranged to extend along the V direction and be arranged along the U direction.

For example, fig. 13C and 13D schematically show that the reflective medium 0111 extends in a direction intersecting the U direction and the V direction, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectance of the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted.

For example, fig. 13E and 13F schematically show that the shape of the reflective medium 0111 is circular, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectivity of the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted.

For example, fig. 13G and 13H schematically show that the shape of the reflective medium 0111 is rectangular, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank area 0112, the reflectivity of the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted.

Of course, the shape of the reflective medium is not limited to the rectangular or circular shape shown in the drawings, but may be other shapes.

For example, the reflective media 0111 disposed on the first transflective elements 0110 may each adopt a reflective film with a reflectivity of 80%, the number of the first transflective elements 0110 is four, for example, the reflectivities of the four first transflective elements 0110 need to be set to 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% respectively along the propagation direction of the light, that is, other reflectivities lower than 80% reflectivity can be achieved by adjusting the area ratio of the film layer with the reflectivity of 80% on different first transflective elements.

For example, the duty cycle may be adjusted to achieve a lower reflectivity. For example, the duty ratio in the embodiment of the present invention may refer to an area ratio of the reflective medium to the empty region or an area ratio of the empty region to the reflective medium provided by the transflective element. For example, one half of the area of one first transflective element 0110 may be provided with the reflective medium 0111, and the other half of the area may be provided with the blank area 0112, and another first transflective element 0110 filled with the reflective medium 0111 is disposed opposite to the surface, and the amount of light reflected by the one first transflective element 0110 is reduced to half. Other implementations of lower reflectivity are similar to this, as long as the area fraction of the reflective medium is adjusted.

For example, as shown in fig. 13A to 13H, the reflective medium 0111 of a portion of the first transflective elements 0110 is uniformly distributed, so that the light emitted from the light guide device can be more uniform. The uniform distribution of the reflective medium may include a cross distribution of the reflective medium and the blank area, and may include an equidistant distribution of the reflective medium in a certain direction (e.g., a V direction, a U direction, or a direction intersecting both the U direction and the V direction).

For example, the distribution of the reflective medium 0111 may also be non-uniformly distributed (e.g., a distribution form similar to a two-dimensional code lattice) or randomly distributed, so that the ratio of the total area of the reflective medium 0111 to the area of the blank area meets the requirement.

For example, a diffusion element may be disposed on the light-emitting surface of the light guide device, so as to further improve the uniformity of the light emitted from the transflective element through diffusion.

For example, fig. 14A and 14B are partial plan view structural diagrams of a transflective element provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. For example, fig. 14A and 14B illustrate the first transflective element 0110, but not limited thereto, and the second transflective element is also applicable. For example, fig. 14A and 14B schematically show that the shape of the first transflective element 0110 is rectangular, but is not limited thereto, and the shape of the first transflective element may be other polygonal shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon.

Fig. 14A and 14B are different from the example shown in fig. 13A to 13H in that the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 includes at least two transflective element groups (011 shown in fig. 12), at least one transflective element group includes at least two transflective elements, and the reflective media 0111 provided in the same transflective element group are reflective media 0111 having the same reflectance, and the reflective media 0111 located in different transflective element groups have different reflectances. For example, in the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 in this example, the reflective medium 0111 formed by the same material is disposed in the same first transflective element 0110, and the reflective medium 0111 formed by different materials may be disposed in at least two different first transflective elements 0110. In this example, the shape of the first transflective element, the shape of the reflective medium, and the distribution thereof may be the same as those of the first transflective element in the example shown in fig. 13A to 13H, and thus, the description thereof is omitted.

For example, the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 may be N, and the N first transflective elements 0110 include a number of transflective element groups 011 that is less than N. For example, the number of the first transflective elements 0110 arranged in one transflective element group or a plurality of transflective element groups may be greater than 1, and the number of the transflective element groups and the number of the first transflective elements in each transflective element group may be arranged according to product requirements.

For example, the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 of the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 14A is different from the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111 of the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 14B, and the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 14A and the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 14B are respectively located in two different groups of transflective elements.

For example, in at least two first transflective elements 0110 in which reflective media 0111 having different reflectances are provided, the area ratio of the reflective media 0111 to the corresponding first transflective elements 0110 is the same. For example, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the first transflective elements 0110 of the first transflective elements 0110 set in the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 14A is a, and the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the first transflective elements 0110 of the first transflective element 0110 set in the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 14B is a, but since the reflectances of the reflective media 0111 to the two first transflective elements 0110 are different, the reflectances of the two first transflective elements 0110 are different even if the area ratios of the reflective media 0111 to the two first transflective elements 0110 are the same.

For example, in a transflective element group provided with at least two first transflective elements 0110, the reflectivity of the first transflective elements 0110 is positively correlated with the area of the reflective medium 0111 provided therewith. For example, for a first transflective element 0110, the larger the area of the reflective medium 0111, the greater the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110, and when the area of the reflective medium 0111 is substantially the same as the surface area of the first transflective element 0110, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is maximized and may be substantially equal to the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111. When the area of the reflective medium 0111 is smaller than the surface area of the first transflective element 0110, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 is smaller than the reflectivity of the reflective medium 0111, and thus, by adjusting the area of the reflective medium 0111 disposed on the first transflective element 0110, the reflectivity of the first transflective element 0110 can be adjusted.

For example, the reflective medium 0111 provided on the first transflective elements 0110 shown in fig. 14A is a reflective film having a reflectivity of 80%, the reflective medium 0111 provided on the first transflective elements 0110 shown in fig. 14B is a reflective film having a reflectivity of 60%, and the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 is four, and the reflectivities of the four first transflective elements 0110 are set to 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, respectively, along the propagation direction of the light. For example, a reflective medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% can be arranged on the first transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 60%, and the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the first transflective element 0110; a reflective medium 0111 with the reflectivity of 80% can be arranged on the first transflective element 0110 with the reflectivity of 80%, and the reflective medium 0111 occupies the surface of the first transflective element 0110; by adjusting the area ratio of the reflection medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% at the surfaces of the other two first transflective elements 0110, it is possible to realize first transflective elements 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, respectively, or by adjusting the area ratio of the reflection medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 60% at the surface of one first transflective element 0110, it is possible to realize first transflective elements 0110 with a reflectivity of one of 20% and 40%, respectively, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflection medium 0111 with a reflectivity of 80% at the surface of one first transflective element 0110, it is possible to realize the other first transflective element 0110 with a reflectivity of 20% and 40%, respectively. Thus, the present example can realize the first transflective element having a lower reflectance by using two reflective media having different reflectances, and can obtain an effect of more uniform light exiting from the first transflective element by realizing the first transflective element having different reflectances by using at least two reflective media having different reflectances.

In this example, the first transflective elements include the blank regions 0112 described above, and by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 to the blank regions 0112, the reflectivity of the respective first transflective elements can be adjusted.

For example, fig. 15A and 15B are partial plan view structural diagrams of a transflective element provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. For example, fig. 15A and 15B illustrate the first transflective element 0110, but not limited thereto, and the second transflective element is also applicable. For example, fig. 15A and 15B schematically show that the shape of the first transflective element 0110 is rectangular, but is not limited thereto, and the shape of the first transflective element may be other polygonal shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, or a hexagon.

Fig. 15A and 15B are different from the examples shown in fig. 13A to 13H in that: all the first transflective elements 0110 are provided with a reflective medium 0111, the reflective medium 0111 provided by at least one of the first transflective elements 0110 includes at least two different reflectivities, and the number of the types of reflectivities of the reflective medium 0111 provided by the plurality of first transflective elements 0110 is smaller than the number of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110. In the transflective element provided by the present example, by providing at least one transflective element with at least two reflective media with different reflectances, and the number of types of reflectances of the reflective media is smaller than the number of the plurality of transflective elements, the manufacturing cost of the transflective element can be reduced while the outgoing light of the transflective element is more uniform.

For example, as shown in fig. 15A and 15B, the reflective medium 0111 provided by the at least one first transflective element 0110 includes at least two reflective media having different reflectances. For example, the at least one first transflective element 0110 may be provided with three reflective media 0111 or four reflective media 0111 having different reflectivities. For example, some of the first transflective elements 0110 are provided with at least two reflective media having different reflectivities, and several of the reflectivities of the reflective media provided by different first transflective elements 0110 may be the same or different.

For example, as shown in fig. 15A and 15B, in at least two first transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 provided on each of the first transflective elements 0110 includes at least two reflective media (e.g., a first reflective medium 0111-1 and a second reflective medium 0111-2) having different reflectances, and in different first transflective elements 0110, an area ratio of one reflective medium 0111 (e.g., the first reflective medium 0111-1 or the second reflective medium 0111-2) having the same reflectivity to the corresponding first transflective element 0110 is different so that the reflectances of different first transflective elements 0110 are different.

For example, the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 provided on the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 15A to the first transflective element 0110 is different from the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 provided on the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 15B to the first transflective element 0110, and the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 provided on the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 15A to the first transflective element 0110 is also different from the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 provided on the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 15B to the first transflective element 0110, whereby the reflectance of the corresponding first transflective element can be adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the reflective medium of different reflectance provided on the first transflective element. Of course, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to that the reflective media with different reflectances only include two different reflectances, and may also include a third reflective medium with other reflectances, and the like, which may be set according to product requirements.

For example, as shown in fig. 15A and 15B, in at least two first transflective elements 0110, the reflective medium 0111 provided in each of the at least two first transflective elements 0110 includes at least two reflective media (e.g., a first reflective medium 0111-1 and a second reflective medium 0111-2) having different reflectances, the reflectances of different first transflective elements 0110 are different, and the area ratios of the reflective media 0111 to the surfaces of the corresponding first transflective elements 0110 are the same in different first transflective elements 0110. Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, for example, in at least two first transflective elements, the reflective medium provided in each first transflective element includes at least two reflective mediums (e.g., a first reflective medium and a second reflective medium) with different reflectances, the reflectances of different first transflective elements are different, and the area ratios of the reflective mediums occupying the surfaces of the corresponding first transflective elements in different first transflective elements are different.

For example, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 15A to the first transflective element 0110 is B, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 (including the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2) in the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 15B to the first transflective element 0110 is also B, the area ratio of the reflective medium 0111 in the two first transflective elements 0110 is the same, and the reflectivities of the first transflective elements can be adjusted by adjusting the areas of the reflective media of different reflectivities on the respective first transflective elements to the first transflective elements. For example, in the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 15A, an area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the first transflective element 0110 may be B1, an area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 to the first transflective element 0110 may be B2, and B1+ B2 is B; in the first transflective element 0110 shown in fig. 15B, the area ratio of the first reflective medium 0111-1 to the first transflective element 0110 may be B3, the area ratio of the second reflective medium 0111-2 to the first transflective element 0110 may be B4, and B3+ B4 is B, and then the reflectivities of the two first transflective elements may be adjusted by adjusting the values of B1, B2, B3, and B4.

For example, as shown in fig. 15A and 15B, the first reflective medium 0111-1 and the second reflective medium 0111-2 may be reflective films having reflectances of 80% and 60%, respectively, and by adjusting the area ratios of the two reflective films, the reflectances of different first transflective elements can be adjusted between 20% and 80%.

For example, the first transflective elements 0110 shown in fig. 13A to 15B may be applied to the examples shown in fig. 1A to 12 in such a manner that the reflectance of the first transflective elements 0110 is adjusted by adjusting the area ratio of the surfaces thereof of the reflective medium 0111 provided thereon, so as to achieve a regional gradual increase, or a gradual increase, in the reflectance of the plurality of first transflective elements 0110.

Fig. 16 is a light guide device according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 16, the light guide apparatus includes a light guide structure 100. The light guiding structure 100 comprises a light out-coupling portion 101, the light out-coupling portion 101 being configured to out-couple light rays propagating in the light guiding structure 100. The light guide structure 100 includes a first light guide element 110 and a second light guide element 120, light entering the light guide structure 100 is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the first light guide element 110, and the light outcoupling portion 101 is located on the second light guide element 120. The first light guide element 110 is configured to perform total reflection propagation on a light ray incident on the first light guide element 110 so that the light ray propagates to the second light guide element 120, the first light guide element 110 includes at least two reflecting surfaces 1120, a divergence angle of the light ray incident on the first light guide element 110 is θ, the at least two reflecting surfaces 112 include two reflecting surfaces 112 opposite to each other, and an included angle between the two reflecting surfaces 112 opposite to each other is greater than or equal to 0 ° and less than or equal to θ. The divergence angle θ of the light incident into the first light guide element 110 is an angle larger than 0 °.

For example, an angle between two sub-reflecting surfaces 112 facing each other at least one of a light entrance side, a light exit side, and a side between the light entrance side and the light exit side of the reflecting structure is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than θ.

For example, the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 112 facing each other is between 0 ° and θ. For example, the angle between the two opposite reflecting surfaces 112 is greater than 0 ° and equal to or smaller than θ; in the embodiment of the utility model, the two opposite reflecting surfaces are not parallel, and the included angle between the two reflecting surfaces is smaller than or equal to theta, so that the distance between at least one part of the area between the two reflecting surfaces is favorably reduced, the thickness of the first light guide element can be reduced, the times of reflecting light in the first light guide element are favorably increased, and the light uniformizing effect of the first light guide element is improved. In addition, the number of times of reflection of the light rays in the first light guide element can be increased, and the homogenization effect of the light rays with large angles can be improved.

For example, the angle between the two reflecting surfaces 112 facing each other is equal to 0 °, which can be considered parallel to each other; the parallel reflective surfaces 112 are beneficial to maintaining the total reflection propagation of the light in the first light guiding element 110, so as to improve the utilization rate of the light.

For example, the first light guide element 110 is provided with a light guide medium 111, and the light is totally reflected and propagated in the light guide medium 111, and the at least two reflection surfaces 112 included in the first light guide element 110 may be inner surfaces of the light guide medium 111 for reflecting the light, or may be reflection structures disposed on outer surfaces of the light guide medium, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

For example, the two reflecting surfaces 1120 may face each other in the Y direction shown in fig. 16, may face each other in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, or may face each other in another direction perpendicular to the X direction. For example, the two opposite reflection surfaces 1120 may be two sub-reflection surfaces independent from each other and spaced apart from each other, or may be two sub-reflection surfaces connected by a connection portion located in a region other than the medium 111, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

For example, the divergence angle of the light rays incident into the first light guiding element 110 may be 40 °. For example, the divergence angle of the light rays incident into the first light guiding element 110 may be 20 °. The divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guiding element 110 may be 10 °.

For example, an angle between two reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other is 40 ° or less. For example, an angle between two reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other is 30 ° or less. For example, an angle between two reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other is 20 ° or less. For example, the included angle between the two sub-reflecting surfaces 1120 facing each other is 10 ° or less.

The second light guide element in the embodiment of the present invention may have the same features as the second light guide element shown in fig. 1A to 12, and is not described herein again.

For example, the light guide device in the embodiment shown in fig. 16 may include the third reflective structure 130 shown in any one of fig. 1A to fig. 3B, may include the light conversion portion 200 shown in any one of fig. 1A to fig. 10B (in some examples, the light conversion portion may replace the third reflective structure 130), may include the dimming structure 300 shown in the example shown in fig. 5, and may include the light gathering element 400 shown in the example shown in fig. 7, which are not described again in this example.

Fig. 17 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a light guide device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. The light guide device shown in fig. 17 is different from the light guide devices shown in fig. 4 and 16 in that the light guide device further includes a fourth light guide element 140 located on the light exit side of the light conversion portion 200, and light emitted from the light conversion portion 200 is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the fourth light guide element 140. For example, the fourth light guide element 140 is located between the light conversion portion 200 and the second light guide element 120, and light emitted from the light conversion portion 200 is transmitted to the second light guide element 120 through the fourth light guide element 140. For example, the light transmitted in the fourth light guiding element 140 may be transmitted by non-total reflection or total reflection on the inner surface of the fourth light guiding element 140, so as to further provide a uniform light effect for the light.

For example, as shown in fig. 17, the extending direction of the fourth light guide element 140 is the same as the extending direction of the second light guide element 120. For example, in the Y direction, the fourth light guide element 140 overlaps the second light guide element 120. For example, the first light guide element 110 overlaps the second light guide element 120 along the Y-direction, and the fourth light guide element 140 is located between the first light guide element 110 and the second light guide element 120.

This example is favorable to further misce bene with the light of light conversion portion outgoing through set up the fourth light guide element between light conversion portion and second light guide element, can promote the degree of consistency of the light of going out to second light guide element from light conversion portion.

For example, the fourth light guiding element 140 includes a light incoupling portion and a light outcoupling portion, and the light incoupling portion and the light outcoupling portion may include a reflective surface or a grating, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

For example, fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light source device provided in accordance with the present invention. As shown in fig. 18, the light source device includes a light source portion 500 and the light guide device provided in any one of the examples of fig. 1A to 17, and fig. 18 schematically illustrates the light guide device as shown in fig. 3A, but is not limited thereto, and may also be the light guide device provided in another example of fig. 1A to 17.

For example, as shown in fig. 18, the light emitted from the light source section 500 is configured to enter the light guide device.

For example, the light source part 500 may include a light source 510 and a reflective light guide structure 520, the reflective light guide structure 520 being configured to adjust light emitted from the light source 510 to a predetermined divergence angle. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 40 °. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 20 °. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 10 °. For example, the predetermined divergence angle may include a divergence angle within 5 °.

For example, the light guide structure 520 may be a lamp cup, which may be a solid lamp cup or a hollow lamp cup, and can convert the light emitted from the light source with a certain divergence angle into collimated light, for example, the collimated light is parallel or nearly parallel (for example, the divergence angle is not greater than 10 °), which has good uniformity and can improve the light utilization efficiency, and referring to the embodiment shown in fig. 19B, the efficiency of polarization conversion of the collimated light is higher.

For example, the reflective light guiding structure 520 may control the divergence angle of light rays to a small angle, for example, the divergence angle of light rays emitted by a light source is generally large, for example, 45 °, and the reflective light guiding structure 520 may control the angle to 40 °, 20 °, or 10 °. For example, the light has a divergence angle within 20 °, and the uniformity of the light with a certain divergence angle is increased along with multiple reflections in the propagation, so that the brightness uniformity of the light can be improved.

For example, the light source device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can be used as a backlight source of a display device.

For example, fig. 18 schematically shows the light source unit positioned on the side of the light guide device, but the present invention is not limited thereto. When the light source device is used as a backlight source, the light source part is positioned at the side of the light guide device, namely the backlight source is a side-in type backlight source. For example, the light guide device may be configured as a light incident mode in which light enters from at least one side (for example, light enters from two sides), which is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the light source device. For example, the light guide device may also be configured to enter light at the bottom (e.g., at a side of the light guide device away from the light exit area), which is beneficial to reducing the planar size of the light source device.

For example, the light source 510 may be a monochromatic light source or a color-mixed light source, such as a red monochromatic light source, a green monochromatic light source, a blue monochromatic light source, or a white color-mixed light source, or a plurality of monochromatic light sources of different colors may be combined to form a color-mixed light source, which may ultimately form a monochromatic image, and a color-mixed light source, which may form a color image. For example, the light source 510 may be a laser light source or a Light Emitting Diode (LED) light source. For example, the light source part 500 may include one light source 510 or a plurality of light sources 510.

For example, the light source 510 included in the light source section 500 may emit light in a one-dimensional beam, i.e., a beam extending mainly in a one-dimensional direction. For example, the light source unit 100 may include a strip-shaped light source, and the cross section of the light beam emitted by the light source 510 is approximately a one-dimensional line, or may be a narrow band.

The light source device provided by the embodiment of the utility model can enable the light emitted by the light source device to have better uniformity by adopting the light guide device shown in fig. 1A to 17.

For example, fig. 19A and 19B are schematic partial cross-sectional structures of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 19A and 19B, the display device includes a display panel 600 and the light source device shown in fig. 18.

For example, as shown in fig. 19A and 19B, the display panel 600 includes a display surface 601 and a back side 602 opposite to the display surface 601, and the light source device is located on the back side 602 of the display panel 600. For example, the light emitted from the light source device is transmitted through the display panel 600 and then emitted to the observation area. For example, a side of the display panel 600 facing the light source device is a non-display side, a side of the display panel 600 away from the light source device is a display side, and the viewing zone is located on the display side of the display panel 600, which is a side where a user can view a display image. For example, the viewing area and the light source device are located at both sides of the display panel 600.

For example, the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel may include an array substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and a sealant encapsulating the liquid crystal layer. For example, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer disposed on a side of the array substrate away from the opposite substrate and a second polarizing layer disposed on a side of the opposite substrate away from the array substrate. For example, the light source device is configured to provide a backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight is converted into image light after passing through the liquid crystal display panel.

For example, the polarizing axis direction of the first polarizing layer and the polarizing axis direction of the second polarizing layer are perpendicular to each other, but not limited thereto. For example, the first polarization layer can pass through one linearly polarized light, the second polarization layer can pass through the other linearly polarized light, and the polarization directions of the two linearly polarized light are vertical.

For example, only light of a specific polarization state may pass through the first polarization layer between the liquid crystal layer and the light source device to be incident into the liquid crystal display panel and be imaged. For example, the light emitted by the light source device provided by the embodiment of the utility model is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarization layer, so that the light emitted by the light source device to the display panel has a high utilization rate.

For example, as shown in fig. 19A, in the second light guide element 120, one transflective element 0110 located at the edge of the light entrance side has a reflectance greater than a transmittance. For example, the reflectivity of the transflective element is almost 100% or close to 100%, so that most or even all light rays are reflected to the transflective element adjacent to the transflective element, so that the other transflective elements far away from the transflective element couple out the light rays, thereby not only preventing the edge of the display panel from being too bright, but also preventing the transflective element from having a certain transmissivity, so that the transmitted light rays have a certain divergence angle, and the divergent light rays leak from the edge of the transflective element to overlap with the normally coupled-out light rays to cause bright stripes.

For example, as shown in fig. 19A, at least a portion of the above-mentioned one of the most peripheral transflective elements 0110 does not overlap with the display panel 600 in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel 600; alternatively, the area of the display panel 600 that overlaps the above-mentioned one of the most peripheral transflective elements 0110 is not used for imaging.

For example, as shown in fig. 19B, in the second light guide element 120, the transflective element 0110 located at the edge of the light incident side reflects a part of the light traveling from the first light guide element 110 into the second light guide element 120 toward the transflective element adjacent thereto, and transmits another part of the light traveling from the first light guide element 110 into the second light guide element 120 toward the display panel 600.

For example, the edge-most transflective element 0110 on the light incident side may be configured as an element having a certain transmittance, for example, the transmittance may be smaller, for example, may not exceed 20%, so as to make the intensity of the light directly transmitted through the transflective element and the intensity of the light subsequently coupled out from other transflective elements not much different, for example, the intensity difference is not greater than 20% (for example, may be 15%, 10%, or 5%) of the intensity of the light coupled out from any of the transflective elements, thereby increasing the light exiting area and avoiding the edge from not exiting light.

For example, fig. 20 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a display device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 20, the display device further includes at least one light diffusing element 710 located at least one of the display surface side and the back side of the display panel 600 and configured to diffuse light emitted from at least one of the display panel 600 and the light source device.

For example, fig. 20 schematically shows that the light diffusing element 710 is located at the back side of the display panel 600, i.e., between the display panel 600 and the light source device, and is configured to diffuse light emitted from the light source device, i.e., the light diffusing element 710 is configured to diffuse light beams passing through the light diffusing element 710.

For example, the light diffusing element 710 may also be disposed on the light emitting side of the display panel 600, and configured to diffuse the image light emitted from the display panel 600, and the light diffusing element 710 is disposed close to the display panel 600, for example, to improve the imaging effect.

For example, fig. 20 schematically shows that the number of the light diffusing elements is 1, but is not limited thereto, and may be plural and spaced apart from each other to further improve the dispersion effect of the light beam. The embodiment of the present invention schematically shows that the light diffusion element is located on the back side of the display panel, but is not limited thereto, and may also be located on the display surface side of the display panel. For example, the light diffusing element may be attached to a surface of the display panel.

For example, the light diffusing element 710 is configured to diffuse a light beam passing through the light diffusing element 710 but does not change or hardly changes the optical axis of the light beam. The "optical axis" refers to the center line of the light beam and may also be considered to be the main direction of propagation of the light beam.

For example, after passing through the light diffusion element 710, the incident light beam is diffused into a light beam having a light spot with a specific size and shape along the propagation direction, for example, the energy distribution of the light spot can be homogenized or non-homogenized; for example, the size and shape of the spot can be controlled by the microstructure of the surface design of the beam spreading element 700. The light spot of the specific shape may include, but is not limited to, a line shape, a circle, an ellipse, a square, and a rectangle.

For example, the light diffusing element 710 may not distinguish between front and back sides. For example, the spread angle and the spot size after the light beam is spread determine the brightness and the visible area of the final image, and the smaller the spread angle is, the higher the imaging brightness is, and the smaller the visible area is; and vice versa.

For example, the light diffusing element 710 includes at least one of a diffractive optical element and a scattering optical element.

For example, the light diffusing element 710 may be a low-cost scattering optical element, such as a light homogenizing sheet, a diffusing sheet, etc., and the light beam will scatter and will be slightly diffracted when passing through the scattering optical element, such as the light homogenizing sheet, etc., but the scattering plays a main role, and the light beam will form a large light spot after passing through the scattering optical element.

For example, the light diffusing element 710 may be a Diffractive Optical Element (DOE) that controls the diffusion effect relatively more precisely, such as a Beam Shaper (Beam Shaper). For example, the diffractive optical element can play a role in expanding light mainly through diffraction by designing a specific microstructure on the surface, and the size and the shape of a light spot can be controlled.

The structures of the display device shown in fig. 20 except the light diffusing element 710 may have the same features as the corresponding structures shown in fig. 1A to 19B, and are not repeated herein.

For example, fig. 21 is a schematic partial sectional structure view of a display device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 21, the display device further includes a light converging element 720 located between the light source device and the display panel 600 and configured to converge the light emitted from the light source device and then direct the converged light to the at least one light diffusing element 710.

For example, as shown in fig. 21, the light converging element 720 is configured to perform direction control on the collimated light emitted from the light source device, so as to converge the light to a predetermined range, and further converge the light, thereby improving the light utilization rate. The predetermined range may be a point, such as a focal point of the convex lens, or a smaller region, and the light converging element is arranged to uniformly or mostly adjust the direction of the collimated light output by the light guide element to the predetermined range, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light.

For example, the light converging element 720 may be a lens, a prism, a curved mirror or a lens combination, such as a fresnel lens and/or a curved lens, such as a convex lens, a concave lens or a lens combination, and the convex lens is schematically illustrated in fig. 21.

For example, as shown in fig. 21, the light converging element 720 may converge the collimated light output from the light source device to a certain range, and the light diffusing element 710 may diffuse the converged light. The embodiment of the utility model provides high light efficiency and expands the visible range through the matching of the light converging element and the light diffusing element.

For example, as shown in fig. 21, in the embodiment of the present invention, the light converging element 720 can converge and orient almost all the light rays so that the light rays can reach the eye box region 001 of the user, and therefore the collimated light beams output by the light source device can be easily controlled to achieve the convenient adjustment of the direction of the light rays. For example, an area where an observer needs to view an image, namely an eyebox area (eyebox)001, may be preset according to actual requirements, where the eyebox area 001 refers to an area where the eyes of the observer are located and an image displayed by the display device can be seen, for example, the eyebox area may be a plane area or a stereoscopic area, and the user eyes can see the image, for example, a complete image, within the eyebox.

For example, the light out-coupling portion comprises the above-mentioned transflective element array comprising adjacent first and second transflective elements, the first transflective element being configured to reflect light rays propagating from the first light guiding element into the second light guiding element towards the second transflective element, at least part of the first transflective element not overlapping the liquid crystal layer of the display panel in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second light guiding element. For example, as shown in the embodiment of fig. 19A, in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel 600, the first transflective element may be the above-mentioned one edge-most transflective element 0110, which does not at least partially overlap the display panel 600; alternatively, the area of the display panel 600 that overlaps the above-mentioned one of the most peripheral transflective elements 0110 is not used for imaging. For example, the reflectivity of the first transflective element may be 80% or more, for example 90%, or may be 95%, or even almost 100%. The first transflective element reflects most of the light to other transflective elements (such as the second transflective element) of the second light guiding element, the first transflective element body transmits little or no light, the other transflective elements couple out the light, and the display panel such as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen can be non-overlapped with the first transflective element.

The light outcoupling portion includes the above-described transflective element array including adjacent first and second transflective elements, the first transflective element being configured to reflect a part of light propagating from the first light guiding element into the second light guiding element toward the second transflective element and transmit another part of light propagating from the first light guiding element into the second light guiding element toward the display panel, and the reflectance of the first transflective element being greater than the transmittance. For example, as shown in the embodiment shown in fig. 19B, the first transflective element may be the above-mentioned edge-most transflective element 0110 located at the light-incident side, and it may be configured as an element having a certain transmittance, for example, the transmittance may be smaller, for example, may be not more than 20% (for example, not more than 10%, 8% or 5%), as much as possible, so that the intensity of the light directly transmitted through the transflective element is not much different from the intensity of the light subsequently coupled out from other transflective elements (for example, the intensity difference is not more than 20% (for example, may be 15%, 10% or 5%) of the intensity of the light coupled out from any one of the transflective elements, so as to increase the light-exiting area, avoid the edge of the display panel from not emitting light, and the display panel may be configured as close to or as large as the light-guiding element, thereby saving the installation space.

Fig. 22 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a head-up display according to an embodiment of the utility model. As shown in fig. 22, the head-up display includes a reflective imaging section 800 and the display device shown in any one of fig. 19A to 21. Fig. 22 schematically shows that the display device in the head-up display is the display device shown in fig. 21, but is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in fig. 22, the reflective imaging section 800 is configured to reflect light emitted from the display device to a viewing area 001 (i.e., an eye box area 001) of the head-up display.

For example, as shown in fig. 22, the reflective imaging section 800 is configured to reflect light emitted from the display device to the eye box region 001 and transmit ambient light. The user positioned in the eye box region 001 can view the image 002 formed by the display device reflected by the reflective imaging section 800 and the environmental scene positioned on the side of the reflective imaging section 800 away from the eye box region 001. For example, image light emitted from the display device is incident on the reflective imaging portion 800, and light reflected by the reflective imaging portion 800 is incident on a user, for example, the eye box region 001 where both eyes of a driver are located, so that the user can observe a virtual image formed outside the reflective imaging portion, for example, without affecting the observation of the external environment by the user.

For example, the eye box region 001 is a planar region where both eyes of the user are located and an image displayed on the head-up display can be viewed. For example, when the eyes of the user are deviated from the center of the eye-box region by a certain distance, such as up and down, left and right, the eyes of the user still stay in the eye-box region, and the user can still see the image displayed on the head-up display.

For example, as shown in fig. 22, the reflective imaging portion 800 may be a Windshield (e.g., Windshield) or an imaging window of a motor vehicle, corresponding to a windshields head-up display (Windshield-HUD, W-HUD) and a combination head-up display (combination-HUD, C-HUD), respectively.

For example, as shown in fig. 22, the reflective imaging section 800 may be a planar plate material, and forms a virtual image by specular reflection; and can also be a curved surface shape, such as a windshield or a transparent imaging plate with curvature, and the like, and can provide a longer imaging distance.

For example, in one example of the present invention, reflective imaging section 800 may include a first layer, a second layer, and a gap (hereinafter referred to as an interlayer) between the first layer and the second layer; the wedge shaped film is located in the interlayer (i.e., the gap between the first and second layers) of the reflective imaging section 800. The reflective imaging section 800 provided with the wedge film and the head-up display shown in fig. 22 are exemplarily explained to have the ghost-eliminating function in the case where the reflective imaging section 800 is implemented as a windshield (e.g., a front windshield) of a traffic device. For example, the windshield has a double-glass structure in which a wedge-shaped polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layer is embedded between two glass layers by a special process, and by implementing the reflective imaging portion 800 as a windshield provided with a wedge-shaped film, images reflected by the inner and outer surfaces of the glass (i.e., a first layer reflected image and a second layer reflected image) can be superimposed into one image, thereby enabling the head-up display to have a double image suppression (e.g., anti-double image) function. For example, the wedge-shaped film has a thin end and a thick end, and also has a certain angle, and the angle of the wedge-shaped film needs to be set according to the requirements of the head-up display. According to the embodiment of the utility model, the wedge-shaped film is arranged on the reflection imaging part, so that the images reflected by the surfaces of the reflection imaging part close to the image source and far away from the image source can be overlapped into one image to solve the problem of double image.

For example, in one example of the present invention, a surface of the reflective imaging part 800 facing the display device may be provided with a selective reflection film, a P-polarized light reflection film, or a first phase retardation part.

For example, in one example of the present invention, a surface of the reflective imaging part 800 facing the display device is provided with a P-polarized light reflecting film to reflect the light of P-polarized state of the reflective imaging part 800 emitted by the display device, and the P-polarized light reflecting film has a reflectivity for the light of P-polarized state greater than that for the light of S-polarized state.

For example, the image light emitted by the display device includes light in a P-polarization state, and the surface of the reflective imaging portion 800 is provided with a P-polarization light reflection film, so that the P-polarized image light is reflected by the P-polarization light reflection film and then enters the observation area. For example, when the reflective imaging section 800 is made of glass, the glass has a high transmittance and a low reflectance for P-polarized light, and thus the P-polarized light transmitted through the glass is reflected by the outer surface of the reflective imaging section 800 to the observation area with a low brightness, in addition to the P-polarized light reflected by the P-polarized light reflecting film, and thus ghost images can be eliminated.

For example, the P-polarization light reflection film may be formed by stacking a plurality of films, which are similar to the selective reflection film, and may be formed by stacking an organic film or an inorganic film. For example, the P-polarization light Reflecting film may be a Reflective Polarizer Mirror (RPM), i.e., an RPM film.

For example, in one example of the present invention, the surface of the reflective imaging part 800 facing the display device is provided with a first phase retardation part, the light emitted by the display device includes light in an S-polarization state, and the first phase retardation part is configured to convert the light in the S-polarization state incident into the first phase retardation part into light in a non-S-polarization state, such as light in a P-polarization state, circularly polarized light, or elliptically polarized light.

For example, the image light emitted from the display device includes S-polarized light, the first phase retardation part may be an 1/2 wave plate, a part of the S-polarized light incident to the first phase retardation part may be reflected to the observation area by the reflective imaging part 800, another part of the S-polarized light passes through the first phase retardation part and is converted into P-polarized light, and the P-polarized light has a low reflectivity on the inner surface of the reflective imaging part 800 at the outer side and is substantially transmitted, thereby eliminating ghost images.

For example, the image light emitted from the display device includes S-polarized light, the first phase retardation part may be an 1/4 wave plate, a part of the S-polarized light incident to the first phase retardation part may be reflected to the observation area by the reflective imaging part 800, and another part of the S-polarized light is converted into circularly polarized light after passing through the first phase retardation part, and the reflectivity of the circularly polarized light on the outer inner surface of the reflective imaging part 800 is low, so that the ghost image can be eliminated.

For example, the reflectance of the reflective imaging part, such as a windshield of a motor vehicle, with respect to the S-polarized light (S-polarized light) is high, so the light emitted from the display device of the head-up display generally includes S-polarized light, and in this case, if a user, such as a driver, wears sunglasses, the sunglasses filter the S-polarized light, so that the driver cannot see the image of the head-up display when wearing the sunglasses. In an example of the embodiment of the present invention, when the reflective imaging portion in the head-up display is provided with a P-polarized light reflective film on a side facing the display device, and image light emitted by the display device includes light in a P-polarized state, the reflective imaging portion may reflect the image light in the P-polarized state to the observation area so that a user wearing sunglasses with two eyes in the observation area can still see an image displayed by the display device, thereby improving user experience.

For example, in an example of the embodiment of the present invention, a second phase retardation portion, for example, a quarter-wave plate, is provided between the display device of the head-up display and the reflective imaging portion 800. The second phase delay portion is not closely arranged on the reflective imaging portion 800 of the head-up display, that is, a certain distance is formed between the second phase delay portion and the reflective imaging portion 800, so that light emitted by the display device passes through the second phase delay portion, is reflected by the reflective imaging portion 800, does not pass through the second phase delay portion again, and is directly emitted to the observation area. For example, the light emitted from the display device includes S-polarized light, the second phase retardation unit is configured to convert the S-polarized light incident to the second phase retardation unit into circularly polarized light (circularly polarized light) or elliptically polarized light (elliptically polarized light), the circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light is reflected by the reflective imaging unit 800 and emitted to the observation area, and the P-polarized light, after being filtered by the sunglasses, enables a user wearing a pair of glasses positioned in the observation area to still see an image displayed by the display device, thereby improving the user experience.

For example, fig. 23A is a head-up display provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 23A, a selective reflection film 810 is provided on a surface of the reflective imaging section 800 facing the display device, and the selective reflection film 810 is configured such that the reflectance of the display device in a wavelength band in which image light is emitted is larger than the reflectance of light in a wavelength band other than the wavelength band in which the image light is emitted. For example, the selective reflection film 810 may have a reflectivity of greater than 80%, 90%, 95%, 99.5%, or other suitable values for a wavelength band in which image light emitted from the display device is located. For example, the selective reflection film 810 may have a reflectivity of less than 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5% or other suitable values for light in a wavelength band other than the wavelength band in which the image light is located. For example, the transmittance of the selective reflective film 810 in the wavelength band of the image light emitted from the display device may be less than 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5%, or other suitable values. For example, the selective reflective film 810 may have a transmittance of greater than 80%, 90%, 95%, 99.5%, or other suitable values for light in a wavelength band other than the wavelength band in which the image light is located.

For example, the selective reflection film 810 is configured to reflect image light emitted from the display device and transmit light of a wavelength band other than a wavelength band in which the image light is located. For example, the image light includes light of three wavelength bands of red, green and blue (RGB), and the selective reflection film 810 reflects the image light emitted from the display device (e.g., with the aforementioned high reflectance) and transmits light of other wavelength bands (e.g., with the aforementioned high transmittance). Thus, most of the image light is reflected at the selective reflection film 810, and little image light is transmitted through the selective reflection film 810 and reflected at the inner surface of the reflective image forming part 800 away from the display device, and double images are reduced or eliminated.

For example, the selectively reflective film 810 may be a transflective film having a high reflectivity for narrow band light (having at least one spectral band) and a high transmission for light in other bands within the visible band. For example, the full width at half maximum of the band of the reflection spectrum may be less than or equal to 60 nm. For example, the full width at half maximum of the band of the reflection spectrum may be less than or equal to 30 nm. For example, the full width at half maximum of the band of the reflection spectrum may be less than or equal to 10 nm.

For example, the emission spectrum of image light emitted by the display device at least partially matches the characteristics of the selective reflecting film 810. For example, the image light includes narrow band light (having at least one spectral band). For example, the emission spectrum of the narrow band light partially or fully coincides with the reflection spectrum of the selective reflective film 810. For example, the full width at half maximum of the band of the emission spectrum may be less than or equal to 60 nm. For example, the full width at half maximum of the band of the emission spectrum may be less than or equal to 30 nm. For example, the full width at half maximum of the band of the emission spectrum may be less than or equal to 10 nm.

For example, the selective reflection film 810 has high reflectance (e.g., reflectance of about 70% to 90%) for red, green, and blue light, and high transmittance (e.g., transmittance of about 70% to 90%) for other bands of light.

For example, the selective reflection film 810 may include a selective transflective film in which at least two film layers having different refractive indexes are stacked, and which is formed by stacking an inorganic oxide thin film or a polymer thin film. The term "different refractive index" as used herein means that the refractive index of the film layer differs in at least one of the xyz three directions. For example, by selecting desired film layers with different refractive indexes in advance and stacking the film layers in a preset order, a transflective film having selective reflection and selective transmission characteristics can be formed, and the transflective film can selectively reflect light of one characteristic and transmit light of another characteristic. For example, for a film layer using an inorganic oxide material, the composition of the film layer is selected from one or more of tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum fluoride. For example, for a film layer using an organic polymer material, the film layer of the organic polymer material includes at least two thermoplastic organic polymer film layers. For example, two thermoplastic polymer film layers are alternately arranged to form an optical film, and the refractive indices of the two thermoplastic polymer film layers are different. For example, the molecules of the organic polymer material are chain-like structures, and the molecules are arranged in a certain direction after stretching, so that the refractive indexes in different directions are different, that is, a desired film can be formed by a specific stretching process. For example, the thermoplastic polymer may be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and its derivatives with different degrees of polymerization, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and its derivatives with different degrees of polymerization, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and its derivatives with different degrees of polymerization, or the like.

For example, the selective reflective film 810 may have a high reflectivity for narrow band light of a particular polarization (having at least one spectral band) and a high transmission for light in other bands within the visible band, as well as for narrow band light of other polarizations. For example, the full width at half maximum of the band of the reflected light may be less than or equal to 60 nm.

For example, the specific polarization state may be a vertical polarization state (e.g., S polarization state), and the selective reflection film 810 has a high reflectance (e.g., a transmittance of about 70% to 90%) for red, green, and blue light having the vertical polarization state, and a high transmittance (e.g., a reflectance of about 70% to 90%) for other bands of light and red, green, and blue light having a horizontal polarization state (e.g., P polarization state).

Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the specific polarization state may also be a different polarization state such as circular polarization, elliptical polarization, and the like.

For example, the average reflectivity of the selective reflective film 810 within the half-peak width of at least one of the n bands of s-polarized light is greater than a particular reflectivity, such as 50%; for example, greater than 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%, and even up to 95% or more; and the average reflectance of the selective reflective film 810 for visible light bands other than the half-width of the n bands of s-polarized light is at least 5% lower, such as 10%, 15%, or even 20% lower, than the average reflectance within the half-width of the n bands of s-polarized light. In addition, the average transmittance of the selective reflection film 810 for p-polarized light in the visible light range is greater than 60%; for example greater than 70%, 80% or 90%, or even up to 95% or more.

For example, as shown in fig. 23A, the light source 500 inputs narrow-band light into the light guide device 100, and the narrow-band light has high reflectivity on the transflective element 0110, so that as much light as possible is coupled out from the light guide device 100; the coupled light is still narrow-band light, the narrow-band light is converted into image light after passing through the display panel 600, and is emitted to the reflective imaging part 800, and a selective reflective film 810 having a high reflectivity for the narrow-band light is disposed on one side of the reflective imaging part 800 facing the display panel 600, and most of the light can be reflected and imaged at this time. Meanwhile, most of light rays in the external environment light can be transmitted normally, and the observation of the external environment is not influenced. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and the "transflective film having a high reflectance with respect to the narrow-band light" may be disposed on a side of the reflective imaging part away from the display device, or on both sides of the reflective imaging part.

For example, when a narrow-band transflective selective reflection film is applied to a reflective imaging portion (e.g., a windshield), a light band generated by a traffic signal or the like approaches or coincides with a narrow band; because the light is generally non-polarized light, when the light is transmitted through the windshield, only the light in a specific polarization state can be reflected and cannot be received, and the light in the other polarization states can still be transmitted and observed, so that the risk that the traffic signal cannot be seen is avoided.

For example, the light emitted from the light source 500 is white light mixed with red light, blue light and green light, wherein the transflective element 0110 of the light guide apparatus 100 may be a transflective film without wavelength selection characteristics, and the transflective element 0110 may have the same or similar features as the first transflective element 0110 described in the foregoing embodiments of fig. 1A to 10B, and will not be described herein again. For example, the transflective element 0110 reflects white light mixed with red, blue, and green light toward the display panel 600; the selective reflection film 810 disposed at a side of the reflective image forming part 800 facing the display device has the above selectivity, and the selective reflection film 810 may reflect RGB light having an S polarization state among light directed to it by the display device toward a user.

For example, fig. 23B is a head-up display provided according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 23B, the light emitted from the light source 500 is a narrow-band light, and the narrow-band light can be converted into RGB light in P polarization by the light conversion part 200 (which may be the light conversion part 200 shown in fig. 3A), so as to improve the light utilization rate. The converted P-polarization RGB light is coupled into the light guide device 100 and propagates along the total reflection path and/or the non-total reflection path, and is coupled out to the display panel 600 through the transflective element 0110, and is converted into S-polarization RGB image light through the display panel (e.g., a liquid crystal display panel) 600, and the image light is emitted to the selective reflective film 810 on the side of the reflective imaging portion 800 facing the display device and is reflected to the human eye by the selective reflective film 810. When the external ambient light passes through the reflective imaging portion 800, the RGB light with S polarization component is reflected by the selective reflective film 810, and the RGB light with P polarization component and the light with the rest of wavelength bands are transmitted to the human eye.

In this embodiment, the image light emitted by the display device includes image light in an S-polarization state, and when the reflective imaging part is a windshield of the traffic equipment, the reflectivity of the image light in the S-polarization state on the reflective imaging part is often higher, so that the overall light utilization rate of the head-up display is improved; the ambient light in the P polarization state included in the ambient light and the light rays in the other wave bands can have higher transmissivity on the reflective imaging part, so that a user can clearly observe the external environment, and the high-reflectivity and high-transmissivity effect can be realized. And above-mentioned display device low power dissipation, the volume is frivolous, is convenient for set up the installation, has promoted the use experience of new line display.

Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the head-up display including the display device, and the head-up display may further include the light guide device shown in any one of fig. 1A to 18 and the reflective imaging portion, where the reflective imaging portion is configured to reflect the light emitted from the light guide device to the viewing area of the head-up display. Of course, the light emitted from the light guide device may be directly incident on the reflective imaging part without passing through any optical element or device, or the light emitted from the light guide device may be incident on the reflective imaging part after passing through other optical elements (such as a mirror, a lens, etc.) or other devices (such as a liquid crystal display panel).

Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the head-up display including the display device, and the head-up display may further include the light source device shown in fig. 18, and the reflective imaging portion configured to reflect the light emitted from the light source device to the viewing area of the head-up display. Of course, the light emitted from the light source device may be directly incident on the reflective imaging part without passing through any optical element or device, or the light emitted from the light source device may be incident on the reflective imaging part after passing through other optical elements (such as a mirror, a lens, etc.) or other devices (such as a liquid crystal display panel).

Fig. 24 is an exemplary block diagram of a transportation device provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 24, the transportation device includes a head-up display provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention. The front window (e.g., front windshield) of the traffic device is multiplexed as the reflective imaging portion 800 of the heads-up display.

For example, the traffic device may be a variety of suitable traffic devices, such as a land traffic device, which may include various types of automobiles, or a water traffic device, such as a boat, or an air traffic device, such as an airplane, that provides a windshield (e.g., at least one of a front windshield, a side windshield, and a rear windshield) and transmits an image onto the windshield via an in-vehicle display system.

The following points need to be explained:

(1) in the drawings, the embodiments of the present invention relate only to the structures related to the embodiments of the present invention, and other structures may refer to general designs.

(2) Features from the same embodiment of the utility model and from different embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is intended to be illustrative of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the utility model, which is defined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A light guide device, comprising:

a light guiding structure comprising light out-coupling portions configured to out-couple light rays propagating in the light guiding structure,

the light guide structure comprises a first light guide element and a second light guide element, light entering the light guide structure is transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, at least part of the light coupling-out part is located on the second light guide element, the first light guide element comprises a medium and first reflection structures, the medium is configured to transmit the light, the first reflection structures are located on at least two sides of the medium, and the first reflection structures are configured to reflect the light incident to the first light guide element at least once so that the light is transmitted to the second light guide element.

2. A light guide device according to claim 1, wherein the medium comprises air or a transparent substrate, and the medium and the first reflective structure are independent structures.

3. A light guide device according to claim 1, further comprising: a light conversion section including a polarization splitting element configured to split light directed to the polarization splitting element into first polarized light and second polarized light, and a polarization conversion structure;

the polarization conversion structure is configured to convert the second polarized light obtained after the light splitting process by the polarization light splitting element into third polarized light, the third polarized light having the same polarization state as the first polarized light,

wherein the second light directing element is configured to transmit the first polarized light and the third polarized light.

4. A light guide device according to claim 3, wherein the first reflecting structure comprises at least two sub-reflecting surfaces, the non-zero divergence angle of the light incident into the first light guide element is θ, and the at least two sub-reflecting surfaces comprise two sub-reflecting surfaces opposite to each other;

the first reflection structure comprises at least two sub reflection surfaces, the divergence angle of light rays entering the first light guide element is theta, and the at least two sub reflection surfaces comprise two sub reflection surfaces opposite to each other;

the included angle between the two mutually opposite sub-reflecting surfaces and at least one of the light incidence side and the light emergence side of the first reflecting structure and the side between the light incidence side and the light emergence side is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to theta; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the two sub-reflecting surfaces opposite to each other are parallel.

5. A light guide device according to claim 3, wherein the first reflecting structure comprises at least two sub-reflecting surfaces, wherein,

a cavity is arranged between the at least two sub reflecting surfaces, and at least part of the light conversion part is positioned in the cavity of the first light guide element; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

a transparent substrate is arranged between the at least two sub-reflecting surfaces, and the light conversion part is positioned outside the first light guide element.

6. A light guide device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the light conversion portion is located on the light entrance side or the light exit side of the first light guide element.

7. A light guide device according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein the light conversion section further comprises a second reflective structure configured to reflect at least one of the first polarized light, the second polarized light and the third polarized light, the second reflective structure comprising a reflective surface or a prism.

8. A light guide device according to any one of claims 3-6, further comprising:

a dimming structure configured to at least have a transmittance for a first wavelength light different from a transmittance for a second wavelength light of light rays incident into the dimming structure,

the light adjusting structure is located on the light emitting side or the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure.

9. A light guide device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the second light guide element extends in a first direction, wherein,

in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first and second light guiding elements overlap; alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,

the first light guide element and the second light guide element are arranged along an extending direction of the second light guide element.

10. A light guide device according to claim 9, wherein the first and second light guide elements are separate structures from each other; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the first light guide element and the second light guide element are integrally formed.

11. A light-guide apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the first light-guide element extends at least partially in the first direction,

wherein the second light directing element comprises a first subsection that does not overlap the first light directing element in the second direction; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

wherein the first light guiding element comprises a second sub-portion that does not overlap the second light guiding element in a direction perpendicular to an extension direction of the second light guiding element.

12. A light guide device according to claim 9, wherein the first light guide element comprises a third reflective structure configured to reflect light propagating through the at least one reflection of the first reflective structure into the second light guide element, the third reflective structure comprising a reflective surface or a prism.

13. The light guide device according to claim 9, wherein a light condensing element is disposed on the light incident side of the second light guide element, and the light condensing element is configured to condense the light incident thereon in a predetermined direction and to be incident on the second light guide element.

14. The light guide device according to claim 13, wherein the light collecting element is configured to shift the light passing through the light collecting element and incident into the second light guide element and traveling close to the light exit surface of the second light guide element to a side away from the light exit surface.

15. A light guide device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the light out-coupling portion comprises an array of transflective elements, at least some of the transflective elements of the array of transflective elements being configured to partially reflect and partially transmit light propagating to the transflective elements such that a portion of the light is coupled out of the second light guide element and another portion continues to propagate in the second light guide element; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the light out-coupling portion comprises a grating configured to couple out a portion of the light propagating to the grating out of the second light guiding element.

16. A light guide device according to claim 15, wherein the second light guide element further comprises a light guide medium,

the light guide medium comprises a transparent material, and the transparent material is configured to enable light rays entering the light guide medium to carry out total reflection propagation and/or non-total reflection propagation; alternatively, the light-guiding medium comprises air.

17. A light guide device according to claim 16, wherein the transflective element array comprises a plurality of transflective elements arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the second light guide element; the reflectivity of the plurality of transflective elements gradually increases or gradually increases regionally along the propagation direction of the light rays propagating in the second light guide element.

18. A light guide device according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of transflective elements comprises M sets of transflective elements, each set of at least one transflective element comprises at least two transflective elements having a predetermined reflectivity, and the transflective elements in different sets of transflective elements have different reflectivities, M being a positive integer greater than 1.

19. A light guide device according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of transflective elements comprises transflective elements provided with a reflective medium, at least some of the transflective elements are provided with a reflective medium having a first reflectivity, and at least two of the at least some transflective elements have different area ratios of the reflective medium having the first reflectivity to the respective transflective elements to make the reflectivities of the at least two transflective elements different.

20. A light guide device according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of transflective elements comprises transflective elements provided with reflective media, wherein the reflective media of at least one transflective element arrangement comprises at least two different reflectivities, and wherein the number of types of reflectivity of the reflective media of the plurality of transflective element arrangements is smaller than the number of the plurality of transflective elements.

21. A light guide device according to claim 15, wherein the edge-most transflective element of the array of transflective elements, which is located near the light entrance side, is configured to reflect at least part of the light propagating from the first light guide element into the second light guide element, and the transflective element has a reflectivity greater than a transmissivity.

22. A light guide device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the light guide structure further comprises a third light guide element, the light out-coupling portion comprises a first light out-coupling portion and a second light out-coupling portion, the second light guide element comprises the first light out-coupling portion, the third light guide element comprises the second light out-coupling portion, the second light out-coupling portion overlaps the first light guide element in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the second light guide element, and at least a part of the first light out-coupling portion does not overlap the second light out-coupling portion.

23. A light guide device according to any one of claims 3-5, further comprising:

a fourth light guide element located at the light emitting side of the light conversion part, wherein the light emitted from the light conversion part is transmitted to the second light guide element through the fourth light guide element,

the light transmitted in the fourth light guide element can be transmitted by non-total reflection or total reflection on the inner surface of the fourth light guide element.

24. A light guide device, comprising:

the light guide structure comprises a first light guide element and a second light guide element, light rays entering the light guide structure are configured to be transmitted to the second light guide element through the first light guide element, the light out-coupling part is at least partially positioned on the second light guide element, and the first light guide element is configured to carry out total reflection propagation on the light rays incident to the first light guide element so as to enable the light rays to be propagated to the second light guide element;

the first light directing element comprises at least two reflective surfaces, a non-zero divergence angle of light rays incident into the first light directing element being θ, the at least two reflective surfaces comprising two reflective surfaces opposite to each other,

wherein an included angle between the two mutually opposite reflection surfaces, which is formed between the light incident side and the light emergent side of the first light guide element and between the light incident side and the light emergent side, is between 0 DEG and theta.

25. A light source device, comprising:

a light source unit; and

a light guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the light emitted from the light source unit is configured to enter the light guide device.

26. The light source device of claim 25, wherein the light source portion comprises a light source and a reflective light guiding structure configured to adjust light rays emitted by the light source to a predetermined divergence angle.

27. The light source device of claim 26, wherein the angular range of the predetermined divergence angle comprises 40 degrees.

28. A display device, comprising:

a display panel; and

the light source device of any one of claims 25-27, configured to provide light to the display panel.

29. The display device according to claim 28, further comprising:

at least one light diffusion element located on at least one of the display surface side and the back side of the display panel and configured to diffuse light emitted from at least one of the display panel and the light source device.

30. The display device according to claim 29, further comprising:

and the light converging element is positioned between the light source device and the display panel and is configured to converge the light emitted from the light source device and then enable the converged light to emit to the at least one light diffusion element.

31. A display device according to any one of claims 28-30, wherein the light out-coupling portion comprises adjacent first and second transflective elements, the first transflective element being configured to reflect light propagating from the first light guiding element into the second light guiding element towards the second transflective element, at least part of the first transflective element not overlapping with the liquid crystal layer of the display panel in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the second light guiding element.

32. A display device according to any one of claims 28-30, wherein the light out-coupling portion comprises adjacent first and second transflective elements, the first transflective element is configured to reflect a portion of light rays propagating from the first light guiding element into the second light guiding element towards the second transflective element and to transmit another portion of light rays propagating from the first light guiding element into the second light guiding element towards the display panel, and the first transflective element has a reflectivity greater than a transmissivity.

33. A heads-up display, comprising:

a display device; and a reflective imaging section configured to reflect light emitted from the display device to a viewing area of the head-up display, wherein the display device is the display device according to any one of claims 28 to 32; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the head-up display includes:

the light guide device of any one of claims 1-24, and a reflective imaging section configured to reflect light exiting the light guide device to a viewing area of the heads-up display; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the head-up display includes:

the light source device of any one of claims 25-27, and a reflective imaging section configured to reflect light emitted by the light source device to a viewing area of the heads-up display.

34. A transportation device comprising the heads-up display of claim 33.