CN216747518U

CN216747518U - Hydrogen concentration sensor

Info

Publication number: CN216747518U
Application number: CN202220284576.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 关超华; 廖均博
Original assignee: Guangzhou Rilong Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Rilong Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-13
Filing date: 2022-02-13
Publication date: 2022-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-02-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen concentration sensor, which comprises a shell provided with a cavity and a data monitoring module arranged in the cavity, wherein the shell is provided with an air inlet communicated with the cavity, a first interlayer positioned on the outer layer and a second interlayer positioned on the inner layer are arranged on the air inlet, and a gap is reserved between the first interlayer and the second interlayer. This hydrogen concentration sensor adsorbs the back through hydrone and foreign particles in first interlayer with gas, space between first interlayer and second interlayer reaches the second interlayer, carry out the secondary through the ventilative non-woven fabrics layer of second interlayer water proof, in the gaseous process of filtration gets into the cavity with the communicating air inlet of cavity on the shell, reference module and the detection module that are used for detecting hydrogen concentration in the cavity carry out hydrogen concentration and detect, the gas in the cavity that enters into the sensor through this structure is more pure, thereby can show the sensitivity that improves the sensor, improve the detection concentration, this utility model is used for hydrogen concentration check out test set field.

Description

Hydrogen concentration sensor

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of hydrogen concentration detection equipment, and particularly relates to a hydrogen concentration sensor.

Background

At present, fuel cells are widely applied, and hydrogen is used as a new energy source, so that the fuel cells have the advantages of high combustion efficiency, no pollution of products and the like, and in life, a common hydrogen fuel cell automobile utilizes the pollution-free property of hydrogen. The hydrogen is inflammable and explosive, colorless and tasteless, and cannot be detected by a human body when leaking. In new energy vehicles and hydrogen stations, in order to ensure the safety of related facilities and personnel, a hydrogen concentration sensor is often configured to monitor the hydrogen leakage which is possibly generated in real time so as to be used as the basis for abnormal alarm and linkage control.

The conventional hydrogen concentration sensor often suffers from poisoning failure in use, and the problem of short service life is urgently to be solved. In the use process, if a large amount of hydrogen leaks, the concentration is very high, the product is required to bear double-high impact, cannot be damaged and can be used for the second time.

The existing hydrogen concentration sensor mostly adopts a contact combustion type principle to detect the hydrogen concentration, two sensor chips are generally adopted to detect voltage differential signals, so as to realize the concentration monitoring and identification function, the monitoring method depends on the heat generated by chemical reaction when dry hydrogen is in contact with the chips, if moisture and impurities exist in gas, the sensor surface can be blocked, the sensitivity of the sensor is reduced, the common method is to use breathable and waterproof non-woven fabrics to isolate, but a large amount of moisture exists in exhaust at a tail exhaust part, the single-layer isolation cannot meet the use requirement, the false alarm and the false alarm missing probability increase in the use process of the sensor, the hydrogen consumption safety is greatly dangerous, and the sensor poisoning phenomenon appears in serious cases.

To improve the life of the hydrogen concentration sensor, the patent proposes a new sensor structure to solve this problem. This patent proposes two-stage isolation structure, and filter the hydrone and the foreign particle of macromolecular structure in the one-level is kept apart, keeps certain hydrophobicity simultaneously, adopts ventilative waterproof non-woven fabrics to keep apart at the second level and filters, has both guaranteed hydrogen sensor sensitivity, has promoted life again.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model mainly aims to provide a hydrogen concentration sensor, which can obviously improve the sensitivity of the hydrogen concentration sensor and improve the detection precision.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model, a hydrogen concentration sensor is provided, which comprises a housing provided with a cavity and a data monitoring module arranged in the cavity, the data monitoring module comprises a reference module and a detection module, the reference module and the detection module both comprise coils for electrifying and heating, the reference module is also provided with a carrier layer for adsorbing and consuming hydrogen, the detection module is provided with a carrier layer and a catalyst layer coated on the surface of the carrier layer, the shell is provided with an air inlet communicated with the cavity, a first interlayer positioned on the outer layer and a second interlayer positioned on the inner layer are arranged on the air inlet, a gap is reserved between the first interlayer and the second interlayer, the first interlayer adopts an adsorbing material capable of adsorbing impurity molecules and water molecules, and the second interlayer adopts a water-proof and breathable non-woven fabric layer.

According to the hydrogen concentration sensor in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the reference module and the detection module in the data monitoring module are respectively connected to the reference resistor and the monitoring resistor and then connected in parallel to form an electrical bridge, and a signal output end of the electrical bridge is sequentially connected to the signal filtering circuit, the signal processing circuit and the signal sending circuit and then output through the ECU controller.

According to the hydrogen concentration sensor of the embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model, the first barrier layer is made of porous fiber material with adsorption performance.

According to the hydrogen concentration sensor of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a breathable waterproof film layer is further attached to the second barrier layer on the outer side of the nonwoven fabric layer.

According to the hydrogen concentration sensor of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the first separation layer and the second separation layer are arranged at intervals, and a tapered structure is formed between the first separation layer and the second separation layer.

According to the hydrogen concentration sensor of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the first separation layer and the second separation layer are both circular sheet-shaped structures, and the planar diameter of the first separation layer is larger than that of the second separation layer.

According to the hydrogen concentration sensor of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the thickness of each of the first separation layer and the second separation layer is 1mm, and the distance between the first separation layer and the second separation layer is 4-6 mm.

According to the hydrogen concentration sensor in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the planar diameter of the first separation layer is 20mm, the first separation layer is provided with a plurality of air holes arranged in a matrix, and the aperture of each air hole is 0.5 mm.

According to the hydrogen concentration sensor of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent air holes is 2 to 3 mm.

One of the above technical solutions of the present invention has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects:

this hydrogen concentration sensor adsorbs the back through the hydrone and the foreign particles in first interlayer with gas, space between first interlayer and the second interlayer reaches the second interlayer, carry out the secondary through the ventilative non-woven fabrics layer of second interlayer water proof, in gaseous process filtration gets into the cavity with the communicating air inlet of cavity on the shell, reference module and the detection module that are used for detecting hydrogen concentration in the cavity carry out hydrogen concentration and detect, the gas that enters into the cavity of sensor through this structure is more pure, thereby can show the sensitivity that improves the sensor, improve the detection concentration.

Drawings

The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples;

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a hydrogen concentration sensor in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical circuit of the hydrogen concentration sensor in the embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the cellular structure of the first separator layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural arrangement of first spacer layers and second spacer layers in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" is to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a movable connection, a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through both elements or indirectly connected through any combination thereof.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different aspects of the utility model.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a hydrogen concentration sensor includes a housing 100 provided with a cavity and a data monitoring module 200 disposed in the cavity, the data monitoring module 200 includes a reference module 210 and a detection module 220, both the reference module 210 and the detection module 220 include a coil 230 for heating by power supply, the reference module 210 is further provided with a carrier layer for absorbing and consuming hydrogen, the detection module 220 is provided with a carrier layer and a catalyst layer coated on the surface of the carrier layer, the housing 100 is provided with an air inlet communicated with the cavity, the air inlet is provided with a first interlayer 110 located on an outer layer and a second interlayer 120 located on an inner layer, a gap is left between the first interlayer 110 and the second interlayer 120, the first interlayer 110 adopts an adsorption material capable of adsorbing impurity molecules and water molecules, and the second interlayer 120 adopts a non-woven fabric layer capable of resisting water and ventilating.

This hydrogen concentration sensor passes through first interlayer 110 with the hydrone in the gas and impurity particle absorption back, space through between first interlayer 110 and second interlayer 120 reaches second interlayer 120, carry out the secondary filter through the ventilative non-woven fabrics layer of second interlayer 120 water proof, gaseous through filtering goes up the communicating air inlet of cavity and gets into in the cavity through shell 100, reference module 210 and detection module 220 that are used for detecting hydrogen concentration in the cavity carry out hydrogen concentration and detect, the gas that enters into the cavity of sensor through this structure is more pure, thereby can show the sensitivity that improves the sensor, improve the detection concentration.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the reference module 210 and the detection module 220 in the data monitoring module 200 are respectively connected to a reference resistor and a monitoring resistor and then connected in parallel to form a bridge, and a signal output end of the bridge is sequentially connected to a signal filtering circuit, a signal processing circuit and a signal transmitting circuit and then output through an ECU controller.

The hydrogen in the gas passing through the first barrier layer 110 and the second barrier layer 120 contacts the detection module 220 in the cavity, and the detection module 220 adopts noble metal with a catalytic function and can generate temperature change through contact combustion; the reference module 210 is the same size and gauge as the detection module 220 except that no catalyst is coated on the detection module 220.

After the hydrogen enters the cavity. By comparing the differential signals of the detection module 220 and the reference module 210, the hydrogen concentration at this time can be obtained.

Due to the use of the first interlayer 110, large-sized water molecules and impurity molecules cannot enter the detection module 220, and the water molecules and the impurity molecules cannot be combusted when the detection module 220 carries out catalytic combustion, so that sensor poisoning is avoided.

In the catalytic combustion type hydrogen concentration sensor, when the coil 230 is energized, the coil 230 is in a high temperature state, and the hydrogen is combusted in the catalyst layer and the carrier layer by utilizing the flammability of the hydrogen, the hydrogen adsorbed on the surface of the carrier layer reacts with oxygen ions in the air, the combustion reaction generates heat, the resistance value of the coil 230 is increased by the heat, the higher the hydrogen concentration is, the more the heat generated by combustion is, the higher the resistance value of the coil 230 is, and the concentration of the hydrogen contained in the gas can be known by measuring the resistance value change of the coil 230.

There is not the catalyst layer on the reference resistance in the reference module 210, when meetting hydrogen, can't burn, can not lead to temperature rise and resistance change because of burning, and the detection resistance in the detection module 220 has the catalyst, when there is hydrogen of certain concentration in the air, the detection resistance can lead to temperature rise because of burning, about to 500 ℃, lead to the resistance value to rise, thereby the bridge loses the balance, by voltage output signal, through amplifier circuit, filter circuit and processing circuit, carry to transmitting circuit, input for ECU controller through the duty ratio signal interface and detect, ECU calculates hydrogen concentration through the relation of duty ratio and concentration.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first barrier 110 is a porous fibrous material with adsorptive properties.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a breathable waterproof film layer is attached to the second barrier layer 120 on the outer side of the nonwoven layer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first spacer layers 110 and the second spacer layers 120 are spaced apart, and the first spacer layers 110 and the second spacer layers 120 form a tapered structure therebetween.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first barrier layers 110 and the second barrier layers 120 are both circular sheet structures, and the planar diameter of the first barrier layers 110 is greater than the planar diameter of the second barrier layers 120.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first and

second spacer layers

110, 120 each have a thickness of 1mm, and the first and

second spacer layers

110, 120 are spaced apart by 4 to 6 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the planar diameter of the first insulation layer 110 is 20mm, a plurality of air holes 111 are formed in the first insulation layer 110 in a matrix arrangement, and the aperture of each air hole 111 is 0.5 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent air holes 111 is 2 to 3 mm.

In the hydrogen concentration sensor, the first interlayer 110 is made of porous fiber materials, the second interlayer 120 is made of non-woven fabrics, the first interlayer 110 and the second interlayer 120 are designed into two-layer cone interlayer structures, water molecules and impurity molecules of macromolecules are isolated from hydrogen molecules, sensor poisoning is avoided, and the service life is prolonged.

In the porous fiber structure of the first interlayer 110, the air permeability needs to be considered, and the air holes 111 are formed in the surface of the interlayer, so that dry air containing hydrogen can enter, and meanwhile, the adsorbability needs to be considered, and water molecules and impurity gas molecules of macromolecules are adsorbed on the surface of the first interlayer 110.

The second interlayer 120 mainly comprises non-woven fabrics, a waterproof film layer is further arranged outside the second interlayer 120, the non-woven fabrics layer has air permeability, dry air containing hydrogen can enter the non-woven fabrics layer, the waterproof film can adsorb micromolecule water molecules on the surface of the second interlayer 120, gas entering the sensor and undergoing catalytic combustion is enabled to be drier, and condensed water is prevented from being generated inside the sensor.

The hydrogen concentration sensor adopts the principle of catalytic combustion, wherein the catalyst adopts noble metal Pt. A large amount of sealant and adhesive are used in a hydrogen fuel cell system, and the materials contain silicide which volatilizes in the use process and can decompose a catalyst and form solid substances on the surface of the catalyst in a high-temperature environment, so that the sensitivity of the sensor is reduced, and the response of the sensor is obviously inhibited. Silicon based compounds at concentrations of a few parts per million reduce the response of the sensor and at higher concentrations organosilicon compounds can cause immediate sensor failure.

The design of the interlayer of the two layers of cone structures in the technical scheme can effectively reduce the influence of silicide on the hydrogen concentration sensor. The diameters of the air holes 111 in the porous fiber structure are 0.5mm, the air holes are uniformly distributed on the interface of the first interlayer 110, the plane of the first interlayer 110 is circular, the diameter is 20mm, the hole distance between every two air holes 111 is 2-3mm, and the air holes are divided into 6 rows and 6 columns.

The hydrogen concentration sensor on the existing market all adopts single-layer structure, and the individual layer is cylindric structure, and this technical scheme adopts bilayer structure because need increase the impurity filter layer, if adopt cylindricly again, can increase gas flow resistance, influences gas concentration response and detection quality. Therefore, the cone structure is adopted in the technical scheme, the plane of the first interlayer 110 is of the porous fiber structure, the thickness is 1mm, the diameter is 20mm, the plane of the second interlayer 120 is of the non-woven fabric layer, the thickness is 1mm, the diameter is 10mm, the distance between the two interlayer planes is 5mm after measurement, calculation and experiments, the distance can meet the filtering requirement and the flow resistance requirement, and the detection resolution of the sensor can reach 200 ppm.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hydrogen concentration sensor, its characterized in that, including the shell that is equipped with the cavity with set up in data monitoring module in the cavity, data monitoring module includes reference module and detection module, reference module with detection module all is including the coil that is used for the circular telegram to generate heat, reference module still is equipped with the carrier layer that is used for adsorbing and consuming hydrogen, detection module is equipped with the carrier layer and coats and attaches to the catalyst layer on carrier layer surface, the shell is equipped with the communicating air inlet with the cavity, is located the air inlet is equipped with the second interlayer that is located outer first interlayer and is located the nexine, first interlayer with leave the clearance between the second interlayer, but first interlayer adopts the adsorption material of adsorbable impurity molecule and hydrone, but the second interlayer adopts the ventilative non-woven fabrics layer of water proof.

2. The hydrogen concentration sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the reference module and the detection module in the data monitoring module are respectively connected with the reference resistor and the monitoring resistor and then are connected in parallel to form an electric bridge, and the signal output end of the electric bridge is sequentially connected with the signal filtering circuit, the signal processing circuit and the signal sending circuit and then is output by the ECU controller.

3. The hydrogen concentration sensor according to claim 2, wherein: the first interlayer is made of porous fiber materials with adsorption performance.

4. The hydrogen concentration sensor according to claim 3, wherein: and a breathable waterproof film layer is attached to the outer side surface of the non-woven fabric layer on the second interlayer.

5. The hydrogen concentration sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the first interlayer and the second interlayer are arranged at intervals, and a conical structure is formed between the first interlayer and the second interlayer.

6. The hydrogen concentration sensor according to claim 5, wherein: the first interlayer and the second interlayer are both in circular sheet structures, and the plane diameter of the first interlayer is larger than that of the second interlayer.

7. The hydrogen concentration sensor according to claim 6, wherein: the thickness of the first interlayer and the second interlayer is 1mm, and the distance between the first interlayer and the second interlayer is 4-6 mm.

8. The hydrogen concentration sensor according to claim 5, wherein: the plane diameter of the first interlayer is 20mm, a plurality of air holes which are arranged in a matrix mode are formed in the first interlayer, and the aperture of each air hole is 0.5 mm.

9. The hydrogen concentration sensor according to claim 8, wherein: the distance between two adjacent air holes is 2-3 mm.