CN216747130U - Built-in load sensor of high-pressure container - Google Patents
Built-in load sensor of high-pressure container Download PDFInfo
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- CN216747130U CN216747130U CN202123291720.2U CN202123291720U CN216747130U CN 216747130 U CN216747130 U CN 216747130U CN 202123291720 U CN202123291720 U CN 202123291720U CN 216747130 U CN216747130 U CN 216747130U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a built-in load sensor of a high-pressure container, which is arranged in the high-pressure container and used for measuring the axial load born by an experimental sample.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a built-in load sensor of a high-pressure container.
Background
The mainstream load sensors in the market mainly comprise a resistance strain type, a piezoelectric type, a piezoresistive type and the like. For a rock mechanical press with larger tonnage, a resistance type is mostly adopted for a load sensor, namely, a material with uniform elastic modulus is selected as a pressure bearing element, and then a strain gauge is adhered on the pressure bearing element. The load (pressure value) is obtained by the strain sheet resistance value corresponding to the load value born by the strain sheet resistance value because the load born by the pressure bearing element is in direct proportion to the strain sheet resistance value.
The resistance-type sensor has good linearity and stability at normal temperature and normal pressure, so the sensor is widely applied to a rock mechanics experiment press. For a high-pressure gas medium rock mechanics experiment press, because the internal space of a high-pressure (300MPa) container is limited, and the stability of a strain gauge is deteriorated under the high-pressure condition, so that normal measurement cannot be carried out, no load sensor which can be placed in the high-pressure container is available in the market.
At present, the axial load borne by a sample to be tested in a high-pressure container is generally measured by mounting a load sensor outside the container, namely, the load value borne by the sample and the friction force are measured together from the outside of the high-pressure container, and then the friction force is deducted. Although the scheme can stably and reliably measure the axial load (including the friction force), a series of sealing elements exist between the axial compression piston and the high-pressure container, the axial compression rod can only contact the sample through the sealing elements, the sealing elements can generate the friction force, and the friction force can increase along with the increase of the confining pressure. In addition, the friction force between the axial pressure piston and the sealing element during the experiment is not only expressed as stable static friction force or dynamic friction force, but also generally expressed as mutual conversion between the static friction force and the dynamic friction force, so that the friction force is expressed as a nonlinear random value. In the subsequent data processing process, the friction force cannot be completely deducted, so that the load value born by the experimental sample cannot be accurately acquired, and the measurement precision is influenced. Therefore, the mainstream load sensors on the market at present cannot accurately acquire the load value borne by the test sample in the high-pressure container.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a load sensor arranged in a high-pressure container, which can stably operate in the high-pressure container and observe the load value borne by an experimental sample in the high-pressure container in real time so as to obtain high-quality experimental data, and the following technical scheme is adopted:
the utility model provides a built-in load sensor of a high-pressure container, which comprises a pressure transmitting element, a guide element, a pressure bearing element, a capacitance electrode, a pressure bearing base, a conductive copper column and a lead, wherein the guide element is connected with the inner wall of the container in a sliding mode, the pressure bearing element is connected with the pressure transmitting element in a contact mode, the capacitance electrode is arranged in the pressure bearing element in a built-in mode, the pressure bearing base is opposite to the center of the pressure bearing element and is connected with the pressure bearing element in a contact mode, the conductive copper column is arranged in the conductive copper column, and the lead is connected with the conductive copper column and the capacitance electrode.
Furthermore, the pressure transmission element is embedded and connected with the upper end of the guide element, and the lower end of the guide element is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing base so as to ensure that an experimental sample placed on the sensor is vertically aligned with the sensor in real time.
Furthermore, the upper end of the pressure bearing element is in contact connection with the pressure transmitting element, and the lower end of the pressure bearing element is in contact connection with the pressure bearing base, so that the pressure transmitting element and the pressure bearing base can uniformly distribute pressure on the pressure bearing element.
Furthermore, the pressure-bearing element is barrel-shaped and is mainly used for increasing the sensitivity of the pressure-bearing element so as to enable low load to be responded, the capacitor electrode is arranged in the center of the pressure-bearing element and comprises an upper capacitor electrode and a lower capacitor electrode, the upper capacitor electrode is fixedly connected with an upper insulating pad, and the upper insulating pad is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing element; the lower capacitor electrode is fixedly connected with a lower insulating pad which is fixedly connected with a pressure-bearing base so as to prevent the pressure-bearing base from generating relative friction on the lower capacitor electrode to influence the capacitance.
Further, the upper capacitor electrode vertically corresponds to the lower capacitor electrode.
Furthermore, both sides of the pressure bearing element and the pressure bearing base are provided with lead through holes, one end of each lead penetrates through the lead through hole to be connected with the capacitor electrode, and the other end of each lead is connected with the conductive copper column.
Furthermore, the two sides of the pressure-bearing base are provided with first sealing assemblies to prevent gas in the high-pressure container from leaking.
Furthermore, the conductive copper column is arranged in the first sealing assembly, two ends of the conductive copper column are connected with contact heads extending out of the first sealing assembly, and the wire is connected with the contact heads.
Further, the lower end of the pressure-bearing base is provided with a shaft pressing piston fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing base, the shaft pressing piston is cylindrical, a lead channel is formed in the center of the shaft pressing piston, the channel is communicated with the first sealing assembly, so that a lead connected with the contact head extends out of the high-pressure container, and a second sealing assembly is arranged at the connecting position of the shaft pressing piston and the pressure-bearing base, so that gas in the high-pressure container is prevented from leaking into the lead channel.
As a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a load calculation method according to the load sensor built in a high-pressure vessel as described above, satisfying the following relationship:
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
when the distance between the capacitance electrodes is changed by using the capacitance, if the electrode area and the dielectric constant of the gas between the electrodes are not changed, the capacitance value is inversely proportional to the distance between the electrodes, so that the distance between the capacitance electrodes can be judged according to the size of the capacitance value. The load sensor is designed similarly to a strain gauge type load sensor, namely, a load value borne on a pressure bearing element is converted into a displacement between capacitance electrodes through the pressure bearing element. The main influencing factor of the measurement result of the capacitance type sensor is electrolyte between electrodes, and for a high-pressure container, the container is filled with high-pressure argon, the argon is used as inert gas, the electrolytic property is stable, and the density of the gas is increased under the high-pressure condition, so that the dielectric constant is increased. Therefore, the load value is converted into the distance change between the capacitance electrodes through the pressure bearing element, and then the change of the load borne on the pressure bearing element is detected by observing the change of the capacitance value.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the internal configuration of a high-pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a load cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a deformation of a load cell backing member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4(a) is a graph of the effect of confining pressure on load cell measurements according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4(b) is a schematic diagram of the measurement results of the internal and external load sensors under different confining pressure conditions according to the embodiment of the utility model.
The device comprises a pressure transmission element-1, a guide element-2, a pressure bearing element-3, a capacitance electrode-4, an upper capacitance electrode-41, a lower capacitance electrode-42, a pressure bearing base-5, a conductive copper column-6, a lead-7, an upper insulation pad-8, a lower insulation pad-9, a first sealing assembly-10, a second sealing assembly-11, a shaft pressure piston-12, a ceramic pressure rod-13 and an experimental sample-14.
Detailed Description
Embodiments according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, as a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a load sensor built in a high pressure vessel, the load sensor is built in a high pressure vessel with a pressure of 300MPa, the load sensor and the high pressure vessel are both cylindrical, the load sensor is tightly connected to the high pressure vessel, high pressure is realized by argon gas atmosphere pressurized by a supercharger, high pressure argon gas is also filled in the sensor, an experimental sample 14 is placed in a ceramic compression bar 13, the experimental sample 14 is loaded by the ceramic compression bar 13 and a shaft compression piston 12, then a measurement meter is externally connected by a lead 7 of the sensor, and data is measured in real time by the measurement meter.
The structure of the load sensor comprises a pressure transmitting element 1, a guide element 2 connected with the inner wall of a container in a sliding manner, a pressure bearing element 3 connected with the pressure transmitting element 1 in a contact manner, a capacitor electrode 4 arranged in the pressure bearing element 3, a pressure bearing base 5 opposite to the center of the pressure bearing element 3 and connected with the pressure bearing element 3 in a contact manner, a conductive copper column 6 and a lead 7 connecting the conductive copper column 6 and the capacitor electrode 4.
Specifically, the pressure transmission element 1 is embedded and connected with the upper end of the guide element 2, and the lower end of the guide element 2 is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing base 5 to ensure that the experimental sample 14 placed on the sensor is vertically aligned with the sensor in real time.
Specifically, the upper end of the pressure-bearing element 3 is in contact connection with the pressure-transmitting element 1, and the lower end of the pressure-bearing element is in contact connection with the pressure-bearing base 5, so that the pressure is uniformly distributed on the pressure-transmitting element 1 and the pressure-bearing base 5 through the pressure-bearing element 3.
Specifically, the pressure-bearing element 3 is barrel-shaped, and is mainly used for increasing the sensitivity of the pressure-bearing element 3 so as to enable a low load to be responded, the capacitor electrode 4 is arranged at the center of the pressure-bearing element 3, the capacitor electrode 4 comprises an upper capacitor electrode 41 and a lower capacitor electrode 42, the upper capacitor electrode 41 is fixedly connected with an upper insulating pad 8, and the upper insulating pad 8 is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing element 3; the lower capacitor electrode 42 is fixedly connected with a lower insulating pad 9, and the lower insulating pad 9 is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing base 5 to prevent the pressure-bearing base 5 from generating relative friction on the lower capacitor electrode 42 to influence capacitance.
Specifically, the upper capacitor electrode 41 vertically corresponds to the lower capacitor electrode 42.
Specifically, both sides of the pressure bearing element 3 and the pressure bearing base 5 are provided with a lead 7 through hole, one end of the lead 7 penetrates through the lead 7 through hole to be connected with the capacitor electrode 4, and the other end of the lead is connected with the conductive copper column 6.
Specifically, the two sides of the pressure-bearing base 5 are both provided with first sealing assemblies 10 to prevent gas in the high-pressure container from leaking.
Specifically, the conductive copper pillar 6 is arranged in the first sealing assembly 10, two ends of the conductive copper pillar 6 are connected with contact heads extending out of the first sealing assembly 10, and the wire 7 is connected with the contact heads.
Specifically, the lower end of the pressure-bearing base 5 is provided with a shaft pressing piston 12 fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing base 5, the shaft pressing piston 12 is cylindrical, a conductor 7 channel is formed in the center of the shaft pressing piston 12, the channel is communicated with a first sealing assembly 10, so that the conductor 7 connected with the contact extends out of a high-pressure container, and a second sealing assembly 11 is arranged at the connecting position of the shaft pressing piston 12 and the pressure-bearing base 5, so that gas in the high-pressure container is prevented from leaking into the conductor 7 channel.
Referring to fig. 3, as a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a load calculation method of the load sensor built in the high-pressure container as described above, derived as follows:
the initial height of the pressure bearing element 3 is h, the initial distance between two electrodes of the capacitor is d, and the initial capacitance value is
ε0A is the area of the capacitor electrode 4. When the load F borne by the experimental sample 14 is loaded on the sensor, so that the height of the pressure-bearing member is reduced by Δ h, the distance between the two poles of the capacitor is reduced by Δ d, the reasonable matching between the pressure-transmitting element 1 and the pressure-bearing element 3 causes Δ h to be Δ d, and the capacitance value becomes:
wherein, E is the Young's modulus of the bearing element 3, F is the load born by the experimental sample 14, Cs is the instantaneous capacitance value, and according to the fact that h, d and A of the load sensor are known, the capacitance value Cs is measured, and the load born by the experimental sample 14 in the high-pressure container can be obtained.
Referring to fig. 4(a) and 4(b), the capacitance electrode 4 and the gas between the two poles of the capacitor in the sensor of the present invention form a complete capacitor, and since the capacitor is equivalent to a resistor in an ac circuit, the change of the capacitance value can be detected by measuring the voltage value between the two poles of the capacitor in the ac circuit in real time, and the load value can be observed in real time through the change of the voltage value. The sensor was installed in a high-pressure vessel and tested, and fig. 4(a) shows that the measured voltage of the sensor decreases with increasing confining pressure and the trend of change slows with increasing confining pressure under the condition of no axial load, which indicates that the utility model is suitable for use in a high-pressure environment. Fig. 4(b) shows the axial pressure measured by the present invention (built-in sensor) and the external traditional load sensor under normal pressure and 300MPa confining pressure. The measurement results show that: under the condition of normal pressure (one atmosphere), the friction force of the sealing element can be basically ignored, so that the measurement results of the internal and external sensors are basically the same; under the confining pressure condition of 300MPa, the movement of the axial compression rod is loaded by adopting constant displacement rate control, so that the friction force in the loading process is constant dynamic friction force, and the measurement result of the internal and external sensors is also represented as a constant difference value. Therefore, the utility model can accurately measure the load value borne on the sample in the high-pressure container.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the utility model and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and it is to be understood that all embodiments may be combined as appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art to form other embodiments as will be apparent to those of skill in the art from the description herein.
Claims (8)
1. A built-in load sensor of a high-pressure container, which is built in the high-pressure container and is used for measuring the axial load in the high-pressure container, is characterized in that: the capacitor comprises a pressure transmitting element (1), a guide element (2) connected with the inner wall of a container in a sliding manner, a pressure bearing element (3) connected with the pressure transmitting element (1) in a contact manner, a capacitor electrode (4) arranged in the pressure bearing element (3), a pressure bearing base (5) opposite to the center of the pressure bearing element (3) and connected with the pressure bearing element (3) in a contact manner, a conductive copper column (6) and a lead (7) connected with the conductive copper column (6) and the capacitor electrode (4), wherein lead (7) through holes are formed in two sides of the pressure bearing element (3) and the pressure bearing base (5), one end of the lead (7) penetrates through holes of the lead (7) to be connected with the capacitor electrode (4), and the other end of the lead is connected with the conductive copper column (6).
2. The built-in load sensor for a high-pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure transmission element (1) is connected with the upper end of the guide element (2) in an embedded mode, and the lower end of the guide element (2) is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing base (5) to guarantee that an experimental sample (14) placed on the sensor is vertically centered with the sensor in real time.
3. The built-in load sensor for a high-pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the pressure bearing element (3) is in contact connection with the pressure transmitting element (1), and the lower end of the pressure bearing element is in contact connection with the pressure bearing base (5), so that the pressure is uniformly distributed on the pressure bearing element (3) by the pressure transmitting element (1) and the pressure bearing base (5).
4. The built-in load sensor for a high-pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure-bearing element (3) is barrel-shaped and is mainly used for increasing the sensitivity of the pressure-bearing element (3) so as to enable low load to be responded, the capacitor electrode (4) is arranged at the center of the pressure-bearing element (3), the capacitor electrode (4) comprises an upper capacitor electrode (41) and a lower capacitor electrode (42), the upper capacitor electrode (41) is fixedly connected with an upper insulating pad (8), and the upper insulating pad (8) is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing element (3); the lower capacitor electrode (42) is fixedly connected with a lower insulating pad (9), and the lower insulating pad (9) is fixedly connected with a pressure-bearing base (5) to prevent the pressure-bearing base (5) from generating relative friction on the lower capacitor electrode (42) to influence the capacitance.
5. The built-in load sensor for a high-pressure vessel according to claim 4, wherein: the upper capacitor electrode (41) is vertically corresponding to the lower capacitor electrode (42).
6. The built-in load sensor for a high-pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein: and first sealing assemblies (10) are arranged on two sides of the pressure-bearing base (5) to prevent gas in the high-pressure container from leaking.
7. The built-in load sensor for a high-pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein: the conductive copper column (6) is arranged in the first sealing assembly (10), two ends of the conductive copper column (6) are connected with contact heads extending out of the first sealing assembly (10), and the conducting wire (7) is connected with the contact heads.
8. The built-in load sensor for a high-pressure vessel according to claim 7, wherein: the pressure-bearing device is characterized in that a shaft pressing piston (12) fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing base (5) is arranged at the lower end of the pressure-bearing base (5), the shaft pressing piston (12) is cylindrical, a lead (7) channel is formed in the center of the shaft pressing piston, the channel is communicated with a first sealing assembly (10) so that the lead (7) connected with a contact head extends out of a high-pressure container, and a second sealing assembly (11) is arranged at the connecting position of the shaft pressing piston (12) and the pressure-bearing base (5) so as to prevent gas in the high-pressure container from leaking into the lead (7) channel.
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| CN202123291720.2U CN216747130U (en) | 2021-12-25 | 2021-12-25 | Built-in load sensor of high-pressure container |
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| CN202123291720.2U CN216747130U (en) | 2021-12-25 | 2021-12-25 | Built-in load sensor of high-pressure container |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114279826A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-04-05 | 中国地震局地质研究所 | Built-in load sensor of high-pressure container and load calculation method |
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- 2021-12-25 CN CN202123291720.2U patent/CN216747130U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114279826A (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2022-04-05 | 中国地震局地质研究所 | Built-in load sensor of high-pressure container and load calculation method |
| CN114279826B (en) * | 2021-12-25 | 2024-02-23 | 中国地震局地质研究所 | High-pressure container built-in load sensor and load calculation method |
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