CN216721181U - Circuit structure and starting power supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a circuit structure and start power supply unit, the circuit structure includes: the power supply comprises a switch module, a power supply and a processing module, wherein the switch module is used for respectively and electrically connecting a first electrode of the power supply and a second electrode of target load equipment, a third electrode of the power supply is also used for electrically connecting a fourth electrode of the target load equipment, and the processing module is connected with the switch module; when the processing module controls the switch module to be switched on, the power supply can supply power to the target load equipment; the switch module includes a parasitic component, and when the processing module controls the switch module to turn off, a difference between a voltage of the target load device and a voltage drop of the parasitic component is less than or equal to a voltage of the power supply. The voltage between the second electrode and the fourth electrode is stable, and the voltage value between the first electrode and the third electrode is larger than or equal to the voltage value between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, so that the vehicle cannot reversely charge the power supply, namely, the reverse charging prevention module is not needed in the circuit structure provided by the application, and the material cost is saved.

Description

Circuit structure and starting power supply device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of vehicle circuit control, in particular to a circuit structure and a starting power supply device.

Background

Vehicles have long been one of the important vehicles for humans. At present, a special anti-reverse charging module needs to be arranged in a loop of a vehicle emergency starting power supply product on the market, and the special anti-reverse charging module is used for preventing the power supply from being reversely charged by a vehicle to cause the damage of the power supply. This kind of setting mode needs more electronic components, and the material cost is higher.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application discloses circuit structure can reduce material cost when preventing that the power is by vehicle reverse charging.

In a first aspect, the circuit arrangement comprises:

the power supply comprises a switch module, a power supply and a processing module, wherein the switch module is used for being respectively and electrically connected with a first electrode of the power supply and a second electrode of target load equipment, a third electrode of the power supply is also used for being electrically connected with a fourth electrode of the target load equipment, and the processing module is connected with the switch module;

when the processing module controls the switch module to be switched on, the power supply can supply power to the target load equipment;

the switch module comprises a parasitic component, and when the processing module controls the switch module to be closed, the difference between the voltage of the target load device and the voltage drop of the parasitic component is smaller than or equal to the voltage of the power supply.

When the vehicle starts normally, the voltage between the second electrode and the fourth electrode is stable, and the vehicle cannot reversely charge the power supply because the voltage between the first electrode and the third electrode is greater than or equal to the voltage between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, that is, the circuit structure provided by the application does not need an anti-reverse charging module, so that the material cost is saved.

Optionally, the parasitic element is electrically connected to the first electrode of the power supply and the second electrode of the target load device, respectively.

Optionally, the parasitic component includes at least one parasitic diode, and a conduction direction of the parasitic diode is from the target load device to the power supply.

Optionally, the switch module includes an MOS transistor, and when the MOS transistor is turned on, the power supply can supply power to the target load device;

the MOS tube comprises the parasitic component, and the conduction direction of the parasitic component is opposite to the conduction direction of the MOS tube when the switch module is started.

Optionally, the circuit between the first electrode and the second electrode and the circuit between the third electrode and the fourth electrode are free of a reverse charging prevention module for preventing or limiting charging of the power supply by the vehicle.

Optionally, the power supply includes 4 strings of battery cells.

Optionally, the processing module controls the voltage of the power supply to be greater than 13.8V when the switch module is turned on.

Optionally, the target load device comprises a target vehicle adapted to the circuit arrangement, the circuit arrangement being capable of supplying power to the target vehicle for starting the target vehicle.

Optionally, the circuit structure further includes a driving module, the driving module is electrically connected to the switch module and the processing module, respectively, the processing module is configured to send a first control signal to the driving module, and the driving module controls the switch module to be turned on according to the first control signal.

Optionally, the circuit structure further includes a voltage detection module, the voltage detection module is electrically connected to the second electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively, and is configured to obtain a voltage between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, and the processing module generates the first control signal according to the voltage.

Optionally, when the voltage between the second electrode and the fourth electrode is greater than a preset voltage threshold, the processing module is further configured to generate a second control signal, and the driving module turns off the switch module according to the second control signal.

Optionally, the circuit structure further includes a current detection module, the current detection module is electrically connected to the third electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively, and is configured to obtain a current between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, and the processing module generates the first control signal according to the current.

Optionally, when the current between the third electrode and the fourth electrode is greater than a preset current threshold, the processing module is further configured to generate a second control signal, and the driving module turns off the switching module according to the second control signal.

Optionally, the circuit structure further includes a power supply module, where the power supply module is electrically connected to the first electrode and the processing module, respectively, and is configured to supply power to the processing module.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a power supply starting apparatus including the circuit configuration of the first aspect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without any inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure framework according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a processing module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a voltage detection module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current detection module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power supply starting device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power supply starting device according to another embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: the circuit comprises a circuit structure-1, a switch module-11, a parasitic component-111, a power supply-12, a first electrode-121, a third electrode-122, a processing module-13, a driving module-14, a voltage detection module-15, a current detection module-16, a power supply module-17, a target load device-2, a second electrode-21, a fourth electrode-22, a starting power supply device-3, a body-31 and a battery clamp-32.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure framework according to an embodiment of the present application. The circuit arrangement 1 comprises: the power supply system comprises a switch module 11, a power supply 12 and a processing module 13, wherein the switch module 11 is used for being electrically connected with a first electrode 121 of the power supply 12 and a second electrode 21 of the target load device 2 respectively, a third electrode 122 of the power supply 12 is also used for being electrically connected with a fourth electrode 22 of the target load device 2, and the processing module 13 is connected with the switch module 11; when the processing module 13 controls the switch module 11 to be turned on, the power supply 12 can supply power to the target load device 2; the switch module 11 includes a parasitic component 111, and when the processing module 13 controls the switch module 11 to be turned off, a difference between the voltage of the target load device 2 and a voltage drop of the parasitic component 111 is less than or equal to the voltage of the power supply 12.

In this embodiment, the power supply 12 can supply power to the target load device 2 through the switch module 11, and the situation that the target load device 2 cannot reversely charge the power supply 12 and the power supply 12 is damaged can be effectively avoided. Specifically, since the voltage of the target load device 2 adapted by the power supply 12 is determined, the present embodiment utilizes the existence of the parasitic component 111 in the switch module 11, and sets the voltage of the power supply 12 to be greater than the difference between the voltage of the target load device 2 and the voltage drop of the parasitic component 111, so that, in the case where the voltage of the target load device 2 exceeds the voltage of the power supply 12, the target load device 2 cannot reversely charge the power supply 12 because the voltage of the power supply 12 is greater than the difference between the voltage of the target load device 2 and the voltage drop of the parasitic component 111.

Alternatively, the circuit configuration 1 is applied to a starting power supply, and the target load device 2 may include at least an engine in a vehicle. The power supply 12 is designed by 4 strings of cores, and when the power supply 12 supplies power to the target load device 2, the normal operating voltage range of the power supply 12 is 14.2V-16.8V. The second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 are typically electrodes across the motor of the target load device 2, that is, the power source 12 supplies power to the motor of the target load device 2. When the engine of the target load device 2 is normally operated, the maximum voltage is 14.5V. The voltage drop of the parasitic components in the switch module 11 is about 0.6V. It can be understood that, if the voltage of the motor (for example, 14.5V) is higher than the voltage of the power source 12 (for example, 14.2V) after the power source 12 supplies power to the motor of the target load device 2 to start the motor, when the power source 12 is charged reversely through the switch module 11, since the difference between the voltage of the motor and the voltage drop of the parasitic component (for example, 0.6V) is 13.8V smaller than the voltage of the power source 12, the target load device 2 cannot charge the power source 12 reversely at this time.

In this embodiment, after the target load device 2 is normally started, the voltage between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 is stable, and since the voltage value between the first electrode 121 and the third electrode 122 is greater than or equal to the voltage value between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22, the target load device 2 cannot reversely charge the power supply 12, that is, the circuit structure 1 provided by the present application does not need an anti-reverse charging module, which saves the material cost.

It should be noted that, during the starting process of the target load device 2, a voltage or a current between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 may change due to a fault or the like, and at this time, the power supply 12 needs to be turned on or off to supply power to the target load device 2 or cut off power supply urgently.

In general, the operating voltage of the engine is greater than the operating voltage of other components on the target load device 2, and therefore, the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 may be electrodes at two ends of other components on the target load device 2 as long as the voltage value between the first electrode 121 and the third electrode 122 is not affected by being greater than or equal to 14V, which is not limited in this application.

In one possible embodiment, referring again to fig. 1, the parasitic element 111 is electrically connected to the first electrode 121 of the power source 12 and the second electrode 21 of the target load device 2, respectively.

Optionally, the switch module 11 typically includes a plurality of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) transistors, and the MOS transistors typically have the parasitic components 111, such as common parasitic diodes, formed therein. It is understood that the parasitic element 111 has corresponding electrical properties, and in the present embodiment, when the parasitic element 111 is a parasitic diode, the parasitic element 111 plays a role of preventing reverse and generating a voltage drop.

In one possible embodiment, the parasitic component 111 comprises at least one parasitic diode, the conduction direction of which is from the target load device 2 to the power supply 12.

Optionally, the voltage drop of the parasitic diode is 0.5V or 0.6V or 0.7V. In this embodiment, when the target load device 2 is operating normally, the voltage between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 is 14.5V at maximum, and the processing module 13 controls the switch module 11 to turn off, so that the target load device 2 cannot charge the power source 12 reversely.

In a possible embodiment, the switch module 11 includes a MOS transistor, and when the MOS transistor is turned on, the power supply 12 can supply power to the target load device 2; the MOS transistor includes the parasitic element 111, and a conduction direction of the parasitic element 111 is opposite to a conduction direction of the MOS transistor when the switch module 11 is turned on.

In an example, the switch module 11 may include a group of MOS transistors, and normal conduction directions of the MOS transistors in the group of MOS transistors are the same, where the normal conduction direction is that the power source 12 conducts to the target load device 2. Optionally, the plurality of MOS transistors are connected in parallel with each other. Optionally, the switch module 11 has and only includes one set of MOS transistors. Two connection ends (taking NMOS as an example, the two connection ends may be a drain and a source) of the MOS transistor are correspondingly connected to the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 21, a control end of the MOS transistor is connected to the processing module, a parasitic diode exists in each MOS transistor, two ends of the parasitic diode are correspondingly connected to the two connection ends of the MOS transistor, and a conduction direction of the parasitic diode is opposite to a normal conduction direction of the MOS transistor.

In one possible embodiment, the electrical circuit between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 21 and the electrical circuit between the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22 are devoid of an anti-reverse charging module for preventing or limiting the charging of the vehicle to the power supply.

So, this application provides circuit structure 1 need not set up specially and prevents reverse charging module, has saved material cost.

In one possible embodiment, the target load device 2 comprises a target vehicle adapted to the circuit arrangement 1, the circuit arrangement 1 being able to supply power to the target vehicle in order to start the target vehicle. In one example, the circuit configuration 1 may be applied to a vehicle emergency starting power supply as a circuit configuration in the vehicle emergency starting power supply. The vehicle emergency starting power supply can provide emergency starting electric energy for the target vehicle through the circuit structure 1, and when the target vehicle is started, the circuit structure 1 can prevent the target vehicle from reversely charging the power supply 12 so as to avoid damaging the power supply 12.

In a possible implementation manner, please refer to fig. 1 again, the circuit structure 1 further includes a driving module 14, the driving module 14 is electrically connected to the switch module 11 and the processing module 13, the processing module 13 is configured to send a first control signal to the driving module 14, and the driving module 14 controls the switch module 11 to be turned on according to the first control signal.

It will be appreciated that an excessively low voltage may affect the proper operation of the target load device 2. In this embodiment, when the voltage between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 is small, the processing module 13 generates the first control signal according to the voltage, so that the driving module 14 controls the switch module 11 to be turned on, and the power source 12 supplies power to the target load device 2, so as to ensure the normal operation of the target load device 2.

In a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 1 again, the circuit structure 1 further includes a voltage detection module 15, the voltage detection module 15 is electrically connected to the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 respectively, and is configured to obtain a voltage between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22, and the processing module 13 generates the first control signal according to the voltage.

Optionally, when the current between the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22 is small, the processing module 13 generates the first control signal according to the current, so that the driving module 14 controls the switch module 11 to be turned on, and the power source 12 supplies power to the target load device 2, so as to ensure normal starting of the target load device 2. In a possible implementation manner, when the voltage between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 is greater than a preset voltage threshold, the processing module 13 is further configured to generate a second control signal, and the driving module 14 turns off the switching module 11 according to the second control signal.

Optionally, when the voltage between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 is greater than a preset voltage threshold, that is, the voltage between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 is greater, the driving module 14 turns off the switching module 11 according to the second control signal, so that the power supply 12 stops supplying power to the target load device 2, thereby maintaining the voltage between the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 at a certain level or reducing, and preventing the target load device 2 from being damaged by the excessive voltage.

It is understood that, in other possible embodiments, the preset voltage threshold may vary according to actual conditions, and the logic of the processing module 13 for controlling the driving module 14 may also be different, which is not limited in this application.

In a possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 1 again, the circuit structure 1 further includes a current detection module 16, the current detection module 16 is electrically connected to the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22 respectively for obtaining a current between the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22, and the processing module 13 generates the first control signal according to the current.

Similarly, too low a current may affect the normal operation of the target load device 2. In this embodiment, when the current between the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22 is small, the processing module 13 generates the first control signal according to the current, so that the driving module 14 controls the switch module 11 to be turned on, and the power source 12 supplies power to the target load device 2, so as to ensure the normal operation of the target load device 2.

In a possible implementation manner, when the current between the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22 is greater than a preset current threshold, the processing module 13 is further configured to generate a second control signal, and the driving module 14 turns off the switching module 11 according to the second control signal.

Similarly, when the current between the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22 is greater than the preset current threshold, that is, the current between the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22 is relatively large, the driving module 14 turns off the switching module 11 according to the second control signal, so that the power supply 12 stops supplying power to the target load device 2, thereby maintaining the current between the third electrode 122 and the fourth electrode 22 at a certain level or reducing, and preventing the target load device 2 from being damaged by the excessive current.

It is understood that, in other possible embodiments, the preset current threshold may vary according to actual conditions, and the logic of the processing module 13 for controlling the driving module 14 may also be different, which is not limited in this application.

In a possible implementation manner, please refer to fig. 1 again, the circuit structure 1 further includes a power supply module 17, and the power supply module 17 is electrically connected to the first electrode 121 and the processing module 13, respectively, and is configured to supply power to the processing module 13.

Alternatively, the current or voltage provided by the power supply 12 is usually large, and cannot directly supply power to the modules such as the processing module 13, and therefore, the power supply module 17 is required to process the current or voltage provided by the power supply 12. In this embodiment, the power supply module 17 is electrically connected to the first electrode 121, and the voltage value provided by the first electrode 121 is reduced to 5V by the power supply module 17 and is transmitted to the processing module 13, so that the processing module 13 operates normally.

It is understood that, in other possible embodiments, the arrangement of the power supply module 17 is not limited in this application as long as the normal operation of the processing module 13 is not affected, for example, a current or a voltage is additionally provided to supply power to the processing module 13.

In one possible implementation, please refer to fig. 2, and fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the electronic components and the electrical connection mode shown in fig. 2 are only one embodiment provided in the present application, and do not represent that the present application limits the circuit structure of the circuit structure 1. In addition, in the circuit diagram provided by the application, the nodes represented by the same reference numerals are electrically connected together, such as GND, BAT +, and the like.

In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 3-6 together, fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply module according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a processing module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a voltage detection module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current detection module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Optionally, U5 is a low dropout Linear (LDO) regulator device for stabilizing a high voltage to 5V to supply power to the processing module 13; u6 is the processing module 13, and is responsible for detecting the input voltage between the first electrode 121 and the third electrode 122 of the power supply 12, detecting the magnitude of the loop current, and after processing the relevant detected values, determining whether to turn on or turn off the ignition control MOS; u1 is a DC-DC voltage reduction chip for reducing the cell voltage to 5V and stabilizing the voltage output, U2 is an isolation module for isolating and boosting the 5V voltage to 12V output for providing NMOS driving voltage; u3 is the driving module 14, which is used to control the NMOS driving voltage to turn on or off rapidly; q1, Q3, Q7, Q10 are loop output control power MOS, are used for opening 4 bunch of electric cores to strike sparks the discharge output or close the output; the R2 and the R21 form a voltage division detection circuit which is used for detecting the voltage value of the battery of the target load equipment; j1 is a loop current magnitude sampling resistor.

The BAT-and CAR-are electrically connected, the gates of Q1, Q3, Q7 and Q10 are electrically connected with the output port of the driving module 14, and the output port of the driving module 14 is used for controlling the on-off of Q1, Q3, Q7 and Q10, so that whether the BAT + and CAR + are conducted or not is judged. When BAT + and CAR + are turned on, the power supply 12 is configured to supply power to the target load device 2, so that the target load device 2 is normally started.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the MOS transistor includes the parasitic diode, and a conduction direction of the parasitic diode is opposite to a conduction direction of the MOS transistor.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a start power supply apparatus 3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The startup power supply device 3 comprises a circuit arrangement 1 as described above. Optionally, please refer to the above description for the circuit structure 1, which is not described herein again.

In the present embodiment, the starting power supply device 3 includes a main body 31 and a battery clamp 32, and the circuit structure 1 is at least partially disposed in the main body 31. The battery clamp 32 includes two clamps respectively clamped to the second electrode 21 and the fourth electrode 22 of the target load device 2. It is understood that, in other possible embodiments, the starting power supply device 3 may have other structures, for example, please refer to fig. 8 together, and fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a starting power supply device according to another embodiment of the present application. The starting power supply device 3 includes a body 31 and a battery clamp 32, a part of the starting power supply device 3 is disposed in the battery clamp 32, another part of the starting power supply device is disposed in the body 31, for example, the power supply 12 is disposed in the body 31, and the processing module 13 and the switch module 11 may be disposed in the battery clamp 32. The body 31 and the battery clamp 32 are detachably connected or non-detachably connected. The present application is not limited in this regard.

The principle and the embodiment of the present application are explained herein by applying specific examples, and the above description of the embodiment is only used to help understand the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims (15)

1. A circuit arrangement, characterized in that the circuit arrangement comprises:

the power supply comprises a switch module, a power supply and a processing module, wherein the switch module is used for being respectively and electrically connected with a first electrode of the power supply and a second electrode of target load equipment, a third electrode of the power supply is also used for being electrically connected with a fourth electrode of the target load equipment, and the processing module is connected with the switch module;

when the processing module controls the switch module to be switched on, the power supply can supply power to the target load equipment;

the switch module comprises a parasitic component, and when the processing module controls the switch module to be closed, the difference between the voltage of the target load device and the voltage drop of the parasitic component is smaller than or equal to the voltage of the power supply.

2. The circuit structure of claim 1, wherein the parasitic element is electrically connected to a first electrode of the power source and a second electrode of a target load device, respectively.

3. The circuit structure of claim 1, wherein the parasitic component comprises at least one parasitic diode that conducts in a direction from the target load device to the power source.

4. The circuit structure of claim 1, wherein the switching module comprises a MOS transistor, and when the MOS transistor is turned on, the power supply is capable of supplying power to the target load device;

the MOS tube comprises the parasitic component, and the conduction direction of the parasitic component is opposite to the conduction direction of the MOS tube when the switch module is started.

5. The circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein the circuit between the first electrode and the second electrode and the circuit between the third electrode and the fourth electrode are absent a reverse charging prevention module for preventing or limiting charging of the vehicle to the power source.

6. The circuit structure of claim 1, wherein the power source comprises 4 strings of cells.

7. The circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein the processing module controls the voltage of the power supply to be greater than 13.8V when the switching module is turned on.

8. The circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein the target load device comprises a target vehicle adapted to the circuit arrangement, the circuit arrangement being capable of supplying power to the target vehicle to start the target vehicle.

9. The circuit structure of claim 1, further comprising a driving module electrically connected to the switch module and the processing module, respectively, wherein the processing module is configured to send a first control signal to the driving module, and the driving module controls the switch module to turn on according to the first control signal.

10. The circuit structure of claim 9, further comprising a voltage detection module electrically connected to the second electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively, for obtaining a voltage between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the processing module generates the first control signal according to the voltage.

11. The circuit structure of claim 10, wherein the processing module is further configured to generate a second control signal when the voltage between the second electrode and the fourth electrode is greater than a preset voltage threshold, and the driving module turns off the switching module according to the second control signal.

12. The circuit structure of claim 9, further comprising a current detection module electrically connected to the third electrode and the fourth electrode, respectively, for obtaining a current between the third electrode and the fourth electrode, wherein the processing module generates the first control signal according to the current.

13. The circuit structure of claim 12, wherein the processing module is further configured to generate a second control signal when the current between the third electrode and the fourth electrode is greater than a preset current threshold, and the driving module turns off the switching module according to the second control signal.

14. The circuit arrangement of claim 1, further comprising a power module electrically connected to the first electrode and the processing module, respectively, for supplying power to the processing module.

15. A starting power supply device, characterized in that it comprises a circuit arrangement according to any one of claims 1-14.

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