CN216716299U - Low-emission cyclone combustor of gas turbine - Google Patents
Low-emission cyclone combustor of gas turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN216716299U CN216716299U CN202123082557.9U CN202123082557U CN216716299U CN 216716299 U CN216716299 U CN 216716299U CN 202123082557 U CN202123082557 U CN 202123082557U CN 216716299 U CN216716299 U CN 216716299U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a low-emission swirl burner of a gas turbine, which comprises an inner cone and an outer cone which are hollow and coaxially arranged, wherein a plurality of swirl blades are arranged between the inner cone and the outer cone; the inner conical wall is provided with a plurality of inner conical fuel spray hole channels penetrating through the inner conical wall, the inner conical wall is also provided with annular blade fuel spray hole channels, each swirl blade is provided with a plurality of blade fuel spray holes, and each blade fuel spray hole is communicated with the blade fuel spray hole channels; the cavity between the inner cone and the outer cone forms an air channel. The fuel nozzle of the burner is designed in two stages, one stage is an inner cone fuel spray hole channel on the inner cone wall of the burner, fuel is sprayed out from an inner cone inner cavity through a plurality of inner cone fuel spray hole channels when in low load, not only can flame be stabilized, but also discharge can be controlled, the other stage is a blade fuel spray hole on a swirl vane, and the fuel is sprayed out through the blade fuel spray hole when in high load, is mixed with air and is combusted under the action of strong swirl, so that the discharge of NOx can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of combustion of gas turbines, and particularly relates to a low-emission cyclone combustor of a gas turbine.
Background
With the improvement of performance parameters of the gas turbine, the condition of overhigh NOx emission may occur when the gas turbine is in full load, and in order to meet the increasingly strict emission regulation requirements, a low-emission combustor suitable for the gas turbine needs to be designed.
Chinese patent CN1280578C discloses a premix burner provided with a distribution device to shape the mass flow of combustion air in the radial direction of the annular air passage, thereby creating a radially variable fuel/air mixture for stable combustion. Only one fuel channel is arranged in the patent, multi-channel grading control cannot be realized, and the operation flexibility is relatively poor.
Chinese patent CN102345881B discloses a premix burner of a gas turbine, in which a gap is provided between an outer peripheral end surface of the swirl vane and an inner peripheral surface of the burner tube to generate a swirling air flow by the action of a leakage flow, promoting mixing of fuel and air. The patent only has one fuel channel, cannot realize multi-channel grading control, and has relatively poor operation flexibility.
Chinese patent CN101080596B discloses a gas turbine combustor, wherein a control system and an individual valve are designed to individually control and supply the fuel supply to each swirl vane, so as to satisfy the full load state and the partial load state of the gas turbine, and simultaneously, the ratio of the fuel and the air near each swirl vane can be adjusted, and the requirements under different operating conditions can be achieved by controlling different nozzles. The control system that this patent relates to is extremely complicated, and every way all needs the independent control, and this design engineering realizes that the degree of difficulty is big, with high costs.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a low-emission swirl burner of a gas turbine, a fuel nozzle of the burner is designed in two stages, the operation flexibility is high, one stage is an inner cone fuel spray hole channel on the inner cone wall of the burner, fuel is sprayed out from an inner cone cavity through a plurality of inner cone fuel spray hole channels at low load, not only can flame be stabilized, but also emission can be effectively controlled, the other stage is a vane fuel spray hole on a swirl vane, the fuel is sprayed out through a plurality of vane fuel spray holes at high load, and is mixed with air and combusted under the action of strong swirl, so that the low-emission swirl burner has the effect of greatly reducing NOx emission.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a low-emission cyclone combustor of a gas turbine comprises an inner cone and an outer cone which are hollow and coaxially arranged, wherein a plurality of cyclone blades are arranged between the inner cone and the outer cone; the inner conical wall is provided with a plurality of inner conical fuel spray hole channels penetrating through the inner conical wall, the inner conical wall is also provided with annular blade fuel spray hole channels, each swirl blade is provided with a plurality of blade fuel spray holes, and each blade fuel spray hole is communicated with the blade fuel spray hole channels; the cavity between the inner cone and the outer cone forms an air channel.
Furthermore, a plurality of the swirl vanes are fixedly arranged between the inner cone small-diameter end and the outer cone inner side surface.
Furthermore, a plurality of the swirl vanes are uniformly distributed between the inner cone and the outer cone.
Furthermore, the front edge of the swirl vane is arranged on the large-diameter side of the outer cone in a bending mode, and the tail edge of the swirl vane is located on the small-diameter side of the outer cone and is spaced from the small-diameter end of the outer cone by a certain distance.
Further, the inner cone fuel nozzle holes are arranged in a plurality of rows along the axial direction of the inner cone.
Further, a plurality of said inner cone fuel nozzle orifices of each row are evenly arranged circumferentially of said inner cone.
Furthermore, the blade fuel spray holes are uniformly distributed on two sides of the pressure surface and the suction surface of the front edge of the swirl blade.
Further, the plurality of blade fuel spray holes are unevenly distributed on two sides of the pressure surface and the suction surface of the front edge of the swirl blade.
A method of operating a gas turbine low emission swirl burner, comprising:
when the gas turbine is under low load, fuel is sprayed out of the inner cone cavity through the inner cone fuel spray hole channels and is combusted with air entering the cavity between the inner cone and the outer cone;
when the gas turbine is under high load, fuel passes through the blade fuel spray hole channel and is sprayed out from each blade fuel spray hole, and the fuel is mixed with air to form mixed gas which is sprayed into the combustion chamber for combustion.
Further, at high load, the fuel sprayed from each vane fuel spray hole is mixed with air entering the cavity between the inner cone and the outer cone, and the formed mixture is sprayed into the combustion chamber for combustion.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model relates to a low-emission cyclone combustor of a gas turbine, which comprises an inner cone and an outer cone which are hollow and coaxially arranged, wherein a plurality of cyclone blades are arranged between the inner cone and the outer cone, a plurality of inner cone fuel spray hole channels penetrating through the inner cone wall are arranged on the inner cone wall, annular blade fuel spray hole channels are also arranged on the inner cone wall, a plurality of blade fuel spray holes are arranged on each cyclone blade and are communicated with the blade fuel spray hole channels, an air channel is formed by a cavity between the inner cone and the outer cone, a fuel nozzle of the combustor is designed in two stages, the operation flexibility is high, the combustor can be flexibly adjusted according to the combustion working conditions of different gas turbine loads, the inner cone fuel spray hole channels on the inner cone wall are arranged at one stage, fuel is sprayed outwards from the inner cone inner cavity through the inner cone fuel spray holes during low load and is partially premixed and combusted with air entering the cavity between the inner cone and the outer cone, the combustion stability of low load is increased, the vane fuel spray holes on the swirl vanes are arranged at the other stage, fuel is sprayed out through the vane fuel spray holes when the load is high, the swirl vanes can ensure that the mixture of the uniformly mixed fuel and air is sprayed into the combustion chamber with certain swirl strength, and the fuel and the air are premixed and then combusted under the action of strong swirl, so that the stability and the combustion efficiency of the fuel can be improved, the situations of backfire and unstable combustion are avoided, and the design can reduce the local concentration of the fuel, thereby reducing the emission of NOx;
in the utility model, a plurality of swirl vanes are uniformly distributed between the inner cone and the outer cone, so that the uniform circumferential fuel concentration can be ensured, and the emission of NOx can be controlled;
according to the utility model, the front edge of the swirl vane is arranged on the large-diameter side of the outer cone in a bending manner, so that the molded line of the swirl vane is a parabola, and the outlet angle of the front edge of the swirl vane is larger, so that a certain high swirl can be ensured, and the combustion stability can be further improved;
in the utility model, the tail edge of the swirl vane is positioned on the small-diameter side of the outer cone and is spaced from the small-diameter end of the outer cone by a certain distance, so that the interference effect of inner and outer flames can be reduced, the flame delay time of the swirl burner can be changed, and the acoustic stability can be improved.
In conclusion, the flexibility of the gas turbine is improved by the cyclone combustor when the load is changed, so that the unit can always keep good low-emission performance and combustion stability under different loads.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. inner cone, 2, outer cone, 3, swirl vane, 4, inner cone fuel spray hole channel, 5, vane fuel spray hole channel, 6, vane fuel spray hole, 7, swirl vane leading edge, 8, swirl vane trailing edge.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
As shown in FIG. 1, a low-emission cyclone burner of a gas turbine comprises an inner cone 1 and an outer cone 2 which are hollow and coaxially arranged, wherein a plurality of cyclone blades 3 are fixedly arranged between the small-diameter end of the inner cone 1 and the inner side surface of the outer cone 2; the inner cone 1 wall is provided with a plurality of inner cone fuel spray hole channels 4 penetrating through the inner cone 1 wall, the inner cone fuel spray hole channels 4 are arranged in a plurality of rows along the axial direction of the inner cone 1, the inner cone fuel spray hole channels 4 of each row are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner cone 1, the inner cone 1 wall is also provided with annular vane fuel spray hole channels 5, each swirl vane 3 is provided with a plurality of vane fuel spray holes 6, and each vane fuel spray hole 6 is communicated with the vane fuel spray hole channels 5; the cavity between the inner cone 1 and the outer cone 2 forms an air channel.
Wherein, a plurality of swirl vanes 3 evenly distributed between interior awl 1 and outer cone 2, a plurality of blade fuel orifice 6 evenly distributed are in swirl vane leading edge 7's pressure surface and suction surface both sides, can ensure like this that circumferential fuel concentration is even, and then can control NOx's emission.
The front edge 7 of the swirl vane is arranged on the large-diameter side of the outer cone 2 in a bending mode, so that the molded line of the swirl vane 3 is a parabola, the outlet angle of the front edge 7 of the swirl vane is large, certain high swirl can be ensured, and the combustion stability can be improved.
Wherein, swirl blade trailing edge 8 is in the path side of outer awl 2 and with the path end certain distance that separates of outer awl 2, outer awl 2 length increases to some extent like this, can play the interference effect that reduces inside and outside flame, and then change the delay time of swirl burner flame, in order to improve combustion stability, can try less fuel flow under the stable condition of burning, can guarantee not take place the oscillation condition when reducing NOx and discharging, and then can increase unit operation margin.
A method of operating a gas turbine low emission swirl burner, comprising:
when the gas turbine is under low load, fuel is sprayed out from the inner cavity of the inner cone 1 through the plurality of inner cone fuel spray hole channels 4 and is combusted with air entering the cavity between the inner cone 1 and the outer cone 2;
when the gas turbine is under high load, fuel passes through the vane fuel spray hole channels 5 and is sprayed out from each vane fuel spray hole 6 to be mixed with air entering the cavity between the inner cone 1 and the outer cone 2, and the formed mixture is sprayed into the combustion chamber in a swirling mode for combustion.
The combustor of the utility model supplies fuel in two ways, when in low load, the fuel is sprayed out from the inner cavity of the inner cone 1 through the inner cone fuel spray hole channels 4 and is partially premixed with air entering the cavity between the inner cone 1 and the outer cone 2 to burn, so that the combustion stability of the low load is increased, when in high load, the fuel is sprayed out through the vane fuel spray holes 6 and is premixed with the air entering the cavity between the inner cone 1 and the outer cone 2 and burns under the action of strong rotational flow, and the structural design increases the flexibility of the gas turbine when the load is changed, so that a unit can always keep good low emission performance and combustion stability under different loads.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A gas turbine low-emission cyclone burner is characterized in that: the vortex flow generator comprises an inner cone (1) and an outer cone (2) which are hollow and coaxially arranged, wherein a plurality of vortex flow blades (3) are arranged between the inner cone (1) and the outer cone (2); the wall of the inner cone (1) is provided with a plurality of inner cone fuel spray hole channels (4) penetrating through the wall of the inner cone (1), the wall of the inner cone (1) is also provided with annular blade fuel spray hole channels (5), each swirl blade (3) is provided with a plurality of blade fuel spray holes (6), and each blade fuel spray hole (6) is communicated with the blade fuel spray hole channels (5); and the cavity between the inner cone (1) and the outer cone (2) forms an air channel.
2. A gas turbine low emission cyclone burner according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of swirl vanes (3) are fixedly arranged between the small-diameter end of the inner cone (1) and the inner side surface of the outer cone (2).
3. A gas turbine low emission cyclone burner according to claim 2, wherein: the plurality of swirl vanes (3) are uniformly distributed between the inner cone (1) and the outer cone (2).
4. A gas turbine low emission cyclone burner according to claim 2, wherein: the front edge (7) of the swirl vane is arranged on the large-diameter side of the outer cone (2) in a bending mode, and the tail edge (8) of the swirl vane is positioned on the small-diameter side of the outer cone (2) and is spaced from the small-diameter end of the outer cone (2) by a certain distance.
5. The gas turbine low-emission cyclone burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner cone fuel spray hole channels (4) are arranged in a plurality of rows along the axial direction of the inner cone (1).
6. The gas turbine low-emission cyclone burner as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the inner cone fuel spray hole channels (4) in each row are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner cone (1).
7. A gas turbine low emission cyclone burner according to claim 2, wherein: the blade fuel spray holes (6) are uniformly distributed on two sides of the pressure surface and the suction surface of the swirl blade front edge (7).
8. The gas turbine low-emission cyclone burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the blade fuel spray holes (6) are unevenly distributed on two sides of the pressure surface and the suction surface of the swirl blade leading edge (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123082557.9U CN216716299U (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Low-emission cyclone combustor of gas turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123082557.9U CN216716299U (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Low-emission cyclone combustor of gas turbine |
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| CN216716299U true CN216716299U (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202123082557.9U Active CN216716299U (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Low-emission cyclone combustor of gas turbine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115342379A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Natural gas coaxial grading low-emission combustion chamber head with lobe swirl blades |
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2021
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202123082557.9U patent/CN216716299U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115342379A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-11-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Natural gas coaxial grading low-emission combustion chamber head with lobe swirl blades |
| CN115342379B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-07-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Natural gas coaxial grading low-emission combustion chamber head with lobe swirl vanes |
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