CN216678174U - Radial shell-and-tube reactor with internal expansion joint - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a radial shell-and-tube reactor with an inner expansion joint, which belongs to the technical field of reaction devices and comprises a reactor top end socket, a reactor barrel and a reactor bottom end socket which are integrally arranged; the top seal head of the reactor is provided with an air inlet and a first manhole; the reactor comprises a reactor barrel, and is characterized in that a reaction bed and a heat exchange device are arranged in the reactor barrel, the heat exchange device is connected with a steam drum, and a gas outlet and a second manhole are arranged on a seal head at the bottom of the reactor. According to the utility model, the catalyst is filled in the shell side, the catalyst filling amount is large, and meanwhile, the reaction medium adopts a radial flow structure, so that the resistance of a bed layer can be effectively reduced; the lower tube plate is provided with a plurality of catalyst discharge holes, so that the catalyst is more convenient to discharge; the steam pressure is controlled by adjusting the flow of the steam outlet of the steam drum, so that the pressure in the heat exchange tube is slightly greater than the pressure outside the heat exchange tube, the probability that reaction gas leaks out of the reactor along with the steam due to leakage of the heat exchange tube is reduced, and the safety of the reactor is improved.

Description

Radial shell-and-tube reactor with internal expansion joint

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a radial shell-and-tube reactor with an inner expansion joint, belonging to the technical field of reaction devices.

Background

At present, most of shell-and-tube reactors adopted by industrial reactions are filled with catalysts in heat exchange tubes, reaction raw materials are in contact with the catalysts in the tubes to react, cooling media pass through the shell side of the reactor, and the heat of reaction is led out by heat exchange on the wall surfaces of the reaction tubes.

However, the shell-and-tube reactor is only suitable for reactions with small catalyst amount, and when the required catalyst amount is large, the shell-and-tube reactor is limited by the space of the heat exchange tube; if the heat exchange tube is lengthened, the resistance of the bed layer is correspondingly increased, and the catalyst is not easy to discharge.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The object of the present invention is to provide a radial shell-and-tube reactor with internal expansion joints, which solves the above problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

a radial shell-and-tube reactor with an inner expansion joint comprises a reactor top end socket, a reactor barrel and a reactor bottom end socket which are integrally arranged; an air inlet and a first manhole are arranged on the reactor top end socket; the reactor comprises a reactor barrel, wherein an inner barrel with a plurality of air holes distributed on the barrel wall is sleeved in the reactor barrel, an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner barrel in the reactor barrel, a gap is arranged between the upper tube plate and the inner barrel, the lower tube plate and the barrel are arranged in a gapless manner, the upper tube plate is fixedly connected with a tube box end enclosure through the tube box barrel, a steam outlet tube is arranged at the top end of the tube box end enclosure, an inner expansion joint is arranged on the steam outlet tube, the steam outlet tube is connected with a steam pocket steam inlet of a steam pocket through a steam pipeline, the steam pocket is also provided with a steam pocket steam outlet, a steam pocket water outlet of the steam pocket is connected with a water distributor water inlet of a water distributor through a hot water pipeline, the upper end of the water distributor is fixedly connected with the lower tube plate, a central tube with a plurality of air holes distributed on the tube wall is arranged in the center of the lower tube plate, and the top end of the central tube is a blind end, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are fixedly arranged between the lower tube plate and the upper tube plate and around the central tube, two ends of each heat exchange tube are respectively communicated with the tube box barrel and the water distributor, catalysts are filled among the heat exchange tubes to form a catalyst bed, and a catalyst discharge hole is also formed in the lower tube plate; and the bottom end socket of the reactor is provided with a gas outlet and a second manhole.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the gas inlet and the first manhole are arranged above the side of the top seal head of the reactor.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the gas outlet is arranged right below the reactor bottom end socket, and the second manhole is arranged below the side of the reactor bottom end socket.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the heat exchange tubes are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed on the lower tube plate.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the water distributor comprises an outer ring pipe, the outer ring pipe is connected with an inner ring pipe through a horizontal communicating pipe and connected with a semicircular outer ring pipe through a first longitudinal communicating pipe, the inner ring pipe is connected with a semicircular inner ring pipe through a second longitudinal communicating pipe, and the semicircular outer ring pipe and the semicircular inner ring pipe are fixedly connected with the lower plate surface of the lower pipe plate and communicated with the lower end of the heat exchange pipe.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the hot water pipeline is divided into two parallel paths, wherein one path is provided with a pump and a valve, and the other path is provided with a valve.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further improved as follows: the pressure in the heat exchange tube is greater than the pressure outside the heat exchange tube.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model has the following technical effects:

the utility model adopts the shell side to fill the catalyst, the catalyst filling amount is large, and meanwhile, the reaction medium adopts a radial flow structure, so that the resistance of a bed layer can be effectively reduced; the lower tube plate is provided with a plurality of catalyst discharge holes, so that the catalyst is more conveniently discharged.

The utility model controls the steam pressure by adjusting the flow of the steam outlet of the steam drum, further controls the pressure in the heat exchange tube to be slightly larger than the pressure outside the heat exchange tube, reduces the probability of the reaction gas leaking out of the reactor along with the steam caused by the leakage of the heat exchange tube, and increases the safety of the reactor.

When the temperature difference between the tube side and the shell side is larger, the temperature difference stress is released at the inner expansion joint, the overlarge destructive temperature difference stress cannot be generated between the heat exchange tube and the cylinder, and the tube plate bears the pressure difference, so that the thickness of the tube plate can be reduced, the materials are reduced, the manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced, and the application range is wide.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 taken along line A-A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the water distributor of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;

the reactor comprises a first manhole 1, a second manhole 2, a gas outlet 3, a reactor bottom end enclosure, a second manhole 4, a semicircular outer ring pipe 5, a lower pipe plate 6, a reactor barrel 7, an inner barrel 8, a gas hole 9, a heat exchange pipe 10, a central pipe 11, an upper pipe plate 12, a pipe box barrel 13, a water vapor outlet pipe 14, an inner expansion joint 15, a gas inlet 16, a steam pipeline 17, a steam drum water vapor inlet 18, a first manhole 19, a reactor top end enclosure 20, a pipe box end enclosure 21, a catalyst bed 22, a catalyst discharge hole 23, a water distributor water inlet 24, a semicircular inner ring pipe 25, a hot water pipeline 26, a steam drum water outlet 27, a steam drum water vapor outlet 28, a first longitudinal communicating pipe 29, a communicating pipe 30, an inner ring pipe 31, an outer ring pipe 32 and a second longitudinal communicating pipe.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:

a radial shell-and-tube reactor with an internal expansion joint is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a reactor top end socket 19, a reactor barrel 6 and a reactor bottom end socket 3 which are integrally arranged. A reaction medium air inlet 15 and a first manhole 18 are arranged on the lateral upper part of the reactor top end socket 19; an inner cylinder 7 with a plurality of air holes 8 distributed on the cylinder wall is sleeved in the reactor cylinder 6, an upper tube plate 11 and a lower tube plate 5 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner cylinder 7 in the reactor cylinder 6, and a gap is arranged between the upper tube plate 11 and the inner cylinder 7, and a gap is arranged between the lower tube plate 5 and the cylinder 6, the upper tube plate 11 is fixedly connected with a tube box end enclosure 20 through a tube box cylinder 12, the top end of the tube box end enclosure 20 is provided with a water vapor outlet pipe 13, the water vapor outlet pipe 13 is provided with an inner expansion joint 14 for releasing temperature difference stress, the water vapor outlet pipe 13 is connected to a drum water vapor inlet 17 of the drum via a vapor line 16, the steam drum is also provided with a steam drum water vapor outlet 27, the steam pressure is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the steam drum water vapor outlet 27, and further, the pressure in the heat exchange tube 9 is controlled to be slightly higher than the pressure outside the heat exchange tube, so that the probability that reaction gas leaks out of the reactor along with water vapor due to the leakage of the heat exchange tube 9 is reduced. The steam drum water outlet 26 of the steam drum is connected with the water distributor water inlet 23 of the water distributor through a hot water pipeline 25, the hot water pipeline 25 is divided into two paths which are connected in parallel, wherein one path is provided with a pump and a valve, the other path is provided with a valve, when the reaction is started, one path with the pump and the valve is opened, the hot water in the steam drum is pumped into the water distributor and the heat exchange pipe 9 through the pump, and when the reaction is normal, the path with the valve is opened, and the hot water flow is adjusted through adjusting the valve.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the water distributor comprises an outer ring pipe 31, the outer ring pipe 31 is connected with an inner ring pipe 30 through a horizontal communicating pipe 29, and is connected with a semicircular outer ring pipe 4 through a first longitudinal communicating pipe 28, the inner ring pipe 30 is connected with a semicircular inner ring pipe 24 through a second longitudinal communicating pipe 32, the semicircular outer ring pipe 4 and the semicircular inner ring pipe 24 are both fixedly connected with the lower plate surface of the lower tube plate 5, the center of the lower tube plate 5 is provided with a central tube 10 with a plurality of air holes 8 distributed on the tube wall, the top end of the central tube 10 is a blind end, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 9 are fixedly arranged between the lower tube plate 5 and the upper tube plate 11 and around the central tube 10, the heat exchange tubes 9 are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed on the lower tube plate 5, two ends of the heat exchange tubes 9 are respectively communicated with the semicircular outer ring pipe 4 and the semicircular inner ring pipe 24 of the tube distributor 12 and the water distributor, and the catalyst bed 21 is formed by filling the catalyst between the heat exchange tubes 9, the catalyst is loaded in through the annular gap between the inner cylinder 7 and the tube box body 12, the lower tube plate 5 is also provided with a catalyst unloading hole 22, and before the catalyst is filled, a plug is plugged into the catalyst unloading hole 22. And a gas outlet 2 is arranged right below the bottom end socket 3 of the reactor, and a second manhole 1 is arranged below the side of the reactor.

The specific application is as follows:

in actual operation, a gas-phase reaction medium enters the reactor through the gas inlet 15, most of the gas-phase reaction medium flows to the catalyst bed 21 from outside to inside along the radial direction through the gas holes 8 on the inner cylinder 7 to perform catalytic reaction, and a product of the catalytic reaction flows out from the gas holes 8 on the wall of the central tube 10, flows downwards in the central tube 10 and flows out from the gas outlet 2.

The steam pressure is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the steam outlet 27 of the steam drum, so that the pressure in the heat exchange tube 9 is controlled to be slightly higher than the pressure outside the heat exchange tube, and the probability that reaction gas leaks out of the reactor along with the steam due to leakage of the heat exchange tube 9 is reduced. In the initial stage of the reaction, the water vapor heats the reaction raw materials in the reactor, and the heat released in the reaction can be removed under the normal working state.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a radial shell and tube type reactor of in-band expansion joint which characterized in that: comprises a reactor top end enclosure (19), a reactor cylinder (6) and a reactor bottom end enclosure (3) which are integrally arranged; an air inlet (15) and a first manhole (18) are arranged on the top end socket (19) of the reactor; an inner cylinder (7) with a plurality of air holes (8) distributed on the cylinder wall is sleeved in the reactor cylinder (6), an upper tube plate (11) and a lower tube plate (5) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner cylinder (7) in the reactor cylinder (6), a gap is arranged between the upper tube plate (11) and the inner cylinder (7), a gap is arranged between the lower tube plate (5) and the cylinder (6), the upper tube plate (11) is fixedly connected with a tube box end socket (20) through a tube box cylinder (12), a steam outlet pipe (13) is arranged at the top end of the tube box end socket (20), an inner expansion joint (14) is arranged on the steam outlet pipe (13), the steam outlet pipe (13) is connected with a steam pocket steam inlet (17) of a steam pocket through a steam pipeline (16), the steam pocket is also provided with a steam pocket steam outlet (27), and a steam pocket water outlet (26) of the steam pocket is connected with a water distributor water inlet (23) of a water distributor through a hot water pipeline (25), the upper end of the water distributor is fixedly connected with a lower tube plate (5), the center of the lower tube plate (5) is provided with a central tube (10) with a plurality of air holes (8) distributed on the tube wall, the top end of the central tube (10) is a blind end, a plurality of heat exchange tubes (9) are fixedly arranged between the lower tube plate (5) and an upper tube plate (11) and around the central tube (10), two ends of each heat exchange tube (9) are respectively communicated with a tube box cylinder (12) and the water distributor, a catalyst bed (21) is formed by filling catalysts among the heat exchange tubes (9), and the lower tube plate (5) is also provided with a catalyst discharge hole (22); and a gas outlet (2) and a second manhole (1) are arranged on the reactor bottom end socket (3).

2. A radial shell and tube reactor with internal expansion joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas inlet (15) and the first manhole (18) are arranged above the side of the top seal head (19) of the reactor.

3. A radial shell and tube reactor with internal expansion joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: gas outlet (2) set up under reactor bottom head (3), and second manhole (1) sets up in the side below of reactor bottom head (3).

4. A radial shell and tube reactor with internal expansion joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchange tubes (9) are uniformly or non-uniformly distributed on the lower tube plate (5).

5. A radial shell and tube reactor with internal expansion joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water distributor comprises an outer ring pipe (31), the outer ring pipe (31) is connected with an inner ring pipe (30) through a horizontal communicating pipe (29) and is connected with a semicircular outer ring pipe (4) through a first longitudinal communicating pipe (28), the inner ring pipe (30) is connected with a semicircular inner ring pipe (24) through a second longitudinal communicating pipe (32), and the semicircular outer ring pipe (4) and the semicircular inner ring pipe (24) are fixedly connected with the lower plate surface of a lower pipe plate (5) and are communicated with the lower end of a heat exchange pipe (9).

6. A radial shell and tube reactor with internal expansion joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hot water pipeline (25) is divided into two parallel paths, wherein one path is provided with a pump and a valve, and the other path is provided with a valve.

7. A radial shell and tube reactor with internal expansion joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure in the heat exchange tube (9) is greater than the pressure outside the heat exchange tube.

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