CN216671482U - Current transfer type circuit breaker - Google Patents

Current transfer type circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
CN216671482U
CN216671482U CN202122675330.9U CN202122675330U CN216671482U CN 216671482 U CN216671482 U CN 216671482U CN 202122675330 U CN202122675330 U CN 202122675330U CN 216671482 U CN216671482 U CN 216671482U
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current
circuit breaker
branch
vacuum
current transfer
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Inventor
荣命哲
杨飞
刘胜伟
元复兴
刘壮
马平
颜莉萍
殷晓刚
吴益飞
吴翊
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Xian Jiaotong University
Xian High Voltage Apparatus Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xian Jiaotong University
Xian High Voltage Apparatus Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a current transfer type circuit breaker, wherein a current conducting plate is of a disc-shaped conductor structure, a plurality of grooves radiating outwards from the center are formed in the current conducting plate, a plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers connected in parallel are arranged on the current conducting plate and are separated by the grooves, a current inlet and outlet path is of a cylindrical conductor structure and is connected with the outer edge of the current conducting plate, a current transfer branch is connected in parallel with a main branch vacuum switch and comprises a pre-charging capacitor, an inductor and a power electronic device used for controlling the current transfer branch to be conducted, and when the current flows normally, the current is conducted through the main branch of the vacuum switch; when the fault current is cut off, the power electronic device is conducted, then the pre-charging capacitor and the inductor are discharged to generate transfer current and the transfer current is superposed on the main branch vacuum switch through the current inlet and outlet path, the current flowing through the main branch vacuum switch is gradually reduced to be zero, and the current flows through the energy consumption branch to finish the cut-off.

Description

Current transfer type circuit breaker
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of power equipment, in particular to a current transfer type circuit breaker.
Background
With the development of social economy and the advance of modern construction, the electricity load of China increases year by year, and the capacity of an electric power system is also continuously increased, so that a high-capacity circuit breaker is required to realize effective control and reliable protection of the electric power system. The field of large-capacity circuit breakers, which are mainly SF6 circuit breakers and vacuum circuit breakers at present, has limited the use of SF6 because it is a strong greenhouse effect gas; the vacuum circuit breaker is safe and reliable, and is more and more widely applied, but the current vacuum circuit breaker has the defect of insufficient high-current breaking capacity. In order to solve the problem that the rated through-current and breaking capacity of the single-break circuit breaker are insufficient under the high-capacity and high-current occasions, a parallel connection breaking method can be adopted. The vacuum arc has positive volt-ampere characteristic, and the vacuum arc extinguish chambers are connected in parallel and can bear rated current and short-circuit current together, so that the aim of switching on and off large current is fulfilled. At present, because of the reasons of installation arrangement, material characteristics and the like, current sharing among all arc-extinguishing chambers is difficult to realize; it has also been proposed to connect the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers in series with inductors in parallel to improve the current-sharing effect, but the additional inductors will increase the system impedance and cost, affecting the system transport capacity.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the utility model and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a current transfer type circuit breaker, which improves the dynamic parallel current sharing characteristic of a high-capacity current transfer type circuit breaker and meets the requirement of a power system on a high-capacity vacuum circuit breaker.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model relates to a current transfer type circuit breaker, which comprises a main branch vacuum switch, a current transfer branch and an energy consumption branch, wherein,
a main branch vacuum switch comprising a vacuum interrupter, the vacuum interrupter comprising,
a conductive plate having a disk-shaped conductor structure with a plurality of slots radiating outward from the center,
a plurality of parallel vacuum interrupters arranged between the conductive plates and spaced apart via the slots,
a current inlet and outlet path which is a conductor structure and is connected with the outer edge of the conductive plate,
a current transfer branch connected in parallel to the main branch vacuum switch, the current transfer branch comprising a pre-charge capacitor, an inductor and power electronics for controlling the conduction of the current transfer branch in series,
the energy consumption branch is connected with the current transfer branch in parallel.
In the current transfer breaker, the slots are distributed in the disc-shaped conductor structure in a central symmetry manner.
In the current transfer type circuit breaker, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers are centrally and symmetrically distributed in the disc-shaped structure.
In the current transfer type circuit breaker, a through hole is formed in the center of the disc-shaped conductor structure.
In the current transfer type circuit breaker, the size and the shape of a plurality of grooves are the same.
In the current transfer type circuit breaker, an end of the slot away from the center of the disc-shaped conductor structure has a predetermined distance from an outer edge of the disc-shaped conductor structure.
In the current transfer type circuit breaker, the power electronic device is a thyristor.
In the current transfer type circuit breaker, the energy consumption branch comprises a zinc oxide arrester.
In the current transfer type circuit breaker, the current conducting plates are two opposite disc-shaped conductors, the plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers are fixed between the current conducting plates, and the two current conducting plates are directly connected with the current inlet and outlet paths respectively.
In the current transfer type circuit breaker, the conducting plate is provided with an even number of slots with central symmetry.
In the technical scheme, the current transfer type circuit breaker provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects: in the current transfer type circuit breaker, the cylindrical current inlet and outlet path and the arrangement mode of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers with the symmetrical structure reduce the line inductance difference among the paths of the arc-extinguishing chambers, and enhance the high-current breaking capacity of the circuit breaker; the slots on the conductive plate can effectively increase the impedance on the current transfer path and improve the dynamic parallel current sharing characteristic of the circuit breaker; compared with a mode of connecting the vacuum arc extinguish chamber with the inductor in series, the method has the advantages that the slotting cost on the arc extinguish chamber conductive plate is lower, the extra through-current loss cannot be increased, and the influence on the system impedance parameter is smaller.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a current transfer circuit breaker;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum circuit breaker of an embodiment of a current diverting circuit breaker;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a current transfer between adjacent arc extinguishing chambers during the opening of a circuit breaker without a slot in a current transfer type circuit breaker;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a current transfer between adjacent arc extinguishing chambers during the opening of the vacuum circuit breaker of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to fig. 1 to 4 of the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. "beneath," "under" and "beneath" a first feature includes the first feature being directly beneath and obliquely beneath the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, the current transfer circuit breaker comprises a main branch vacuum switch, a current transfer branch, a power consuming branch 5, wherein,
a main branch vacuum switch 1, comprising a vacuum interrupter, said vacuum interrupter comprising,
a conductive plate 7, which is a disc-shaped conductor structure and is provided with a plurality of slots 9 radiating outwards from the center,
a plurality of parallel vacuum interrupters 8 arranged between the conductive plates 7 and the vacuum interrupters 8 are separated via the slots 9,
a current inlet/outlet path 6 which is a cylindrical conductor structure and is connected with the outer edge of the conductive plate 7,
a current transfer branch connected in parallel with the main branch vacuum switch 1, the current transfer branch comprising a pre-charge capacitor 2, an inductor 3 and power electronics 4 for controlling the conduction of the current transfer branch in series,
the energy consumption branch 5 is connected with the current transfer branch in parallel.
When the current flows normally, the current is conducted through the main branch of the vacuum switch; when the fault current is cut off, the power electronic device 4 is conducted, then the pre-charging capacitor and the inductor 3 are discharged to generate transfer current, the transfer current is superposed on the main branch vacuum switch 1 through the current inlet and outlet path 6, the direction of the transfer current is opposite to the direction of system current conducted by the main branch vacuum switch 1, the current flowing through the main branch vacuum switch 1 is gradually reduced to zero, and then the current flows through the energy consumption branch 5 to complete the cut-off.
In the preferred embodiment of the current transfer breaker, the slots 9 are distributed centrally and symmetrically on the disc-shaped conductor structure.
In the preferred embodiment of the current transfer type circuit breaker, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 are distributed in the disc-shaped structure with central symmetry.
In a preferred embodiment of the current transfer type circuit breaker, the center of the disc-shaped conductor structure has a through hole.
In the preferred embodiment of the current transfer type circuit breaker, the plurality of slots 9 have the same size and shape.
In the preferred embodiment of the current transfer type circuit breaker, an end of the slot 9 away from the center of the disc-shaped conductor structure has a predetermined distance from an outer edge of the disc-shaped conductor structure.
In the preferred embodiment of the current transfer breaker, the power electronics 4 are thyristors.
In the preferred embodiment of the current transfer type circuit breaker, the energy consumption branch 5 includes a zinc oxide arrester.
In the preferred embodiment of the current transfer type circuit breaker, when current is transferred between the adjacent vacuum interrupters 8, the path of the current transfer bypasses the slot 9 on the conductive plate 7 to increase the resistance of the current transfer.
In the preferred embodiment of the current transfer type circuit breaker, the dynamic current sharing capability of the vacuum circuit breaker is adjusted by changing the shape, the number and the arrangement mode of the slots 9 formed in the conductive plate 7.
In one embodiment, the conductive plates 7 are two opposite disc-shaped conductors, a plurality of vacuum interrupters 8 are fixed between the conductive plates 7, and the two conductive plates 7 are directly connected to the current inlet/outlet path 6, respectively.
In one embodiment, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a current diverting circuit breaker. As shown in fig. 1, the current transfer type circuit breaker at least includes a main branch vacuum switch 1, a current transfer branch, and an energy consumption branch; the main branch vacuum switch 1 comprises a vacuum circuit breaker, the current transfer branch comprises a pre-charging capacitor 2, an inductor 3 and a power electronic device 4 for controlling the conduction of the transfer branch, and the energy consumption branch comprises a zinc oxide arrester. The working process of the current transfer type circuit breaker is as follows: when the current is normally conducted, the current is conducted through the vacuum switch main branch circuit vacuum switch 1; when the fault current is cut off, the power electronic device 4 of the transfer branch circuit is controlled to be conducted, then the capacitor 2 and the inductor 3 of the transfer branch circuit are discharged to generate transfer current and are superposed on the main branch circuit, the direction of the transfer current is opposite to the original conducting system current direction of the main branch circuit, the current flowing through the main branch circuit is gradually reduced to zero, and then the current flows through the energy consumption branch circuit 5, and finally the cut-off is finished. The current transfer type circuit breaker can enable the main branch circuit current to pass through zero through external transfer current, so that the circuit breaker is suitable for high-capacity on-off occasions.
Referring to fig. 2, the current inlet and outlet path 6 is made into a cylindrical shape, a plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 are centrally and symmetrically distributed on the conductive plate 7, and grooves 9 with symmetrical structures are formed on the conductive plate 7 fixed to the parallel arc-extinguishing chambers, so that the path length of current transferred between the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 is increased, the impedance on the current transfer path is increased, and the parallel current sharing characteristic of the vacuum circuit breaker is improved, thereby enhancing the high-current breaking capacity of the vacuum circuit breaker, wherein the vacuum circuit breaker is formed by connecting a plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 in parallel; the vacuum circuit breaker comprises a current inlet and outlet path 6, a vacuum arc extinguish chamber 8 and a conductive plate 7; the current inlet and outlet path 6 of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 is made into a cylinder shape, and a slot 9 is formed on the conductive plate 7.
In the embodiment, a plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 with the same type are distributed on the conductive plate 7 in a centrosymmetric manner, so that the inductance difference among the paths of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 can be effectively reduced, the current inlet and outlet path 6 is made into a cylindrical conductor, which is also beneficial to the arrangement and current distribution of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8, and further, the grooves 9 formed in the conductive plate 7 can increase the impedance on the current transfer path, so that the mutual transfer of the current among the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 has a certain blocking effect, and the shapes of the formed grooves 9 are uniformly and symmetrically distributed among the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8, so that the parallel current-sharing characteristic of the vacuum circuit breaker can be effectively improved.
Compared with the traditional method for improving the parallel current sharing characteristic by adopting the series inductance of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber, the method for slotting 9 on the current conducting plate 7 can reduce the cost and avoid the change of system parameters and conduction loss caused by the series inductance; and the line inductance difference among the arc extinguish chamber channels is very small, so that the rated current capacity and the short circuit breaking capacity of the vacuum circuit breaker can be obviously improved.
As an implementable preference, the power electronics 4 are thyristors.
The thyristor has good control performance, has larger through-current capacity and breaking capacity compared with full-control devices such as IGBT and the like, and is more suitable for large-capacity occasions.
In a practical preferred embodiment, the current inlet/outlet path 6 of the vacuum circuit breaker 1 is a conductor formed in a cylindrical shape.
As a practical preferable scheme, the conductive plate 7 is a disk-shaped conductor, the conductive plate 7 is directly connected with the current inlet and outlet path 6, and the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 8 is fixed between the conductive plates 7.
As an implementable preference, the plurality of vacuum interrupters 8 are of the same type and are arranged on the conductive plate 7 in a centrosymmetric manner.
As a practical preferable scheme, the grooves 9 formed on the conductive plate 7 have the same shape and symmetrical structure, and are uniformly distributed among the arc extinguishing chambers 8.
In an implementable preferred scheme, when current is transferred between adjacent arc-extinguishing chambers 8 during the process of breaking the current of the vacuum circuit breaker, the path of the current transfer bypasses the slot 9 on the conductive plate 7, and the impedance of the current transfer is increased.
As an implementable preferred solution, the current sharing capability of the vacuum circuit breaker can be adjusted by changing the shape, number and arrangement of the slots 9 on the conductive plate 7. The reasonable shape, number and arrangement mode of the slots 9 on the control conductive plate 7 can change the impedance on the current transfer path, play a role in regulating and controlling the current transfer and can regulate the parallel current sharing characteristic of the circuit breaker.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a current transfer profile during the opening process of a vacuum interrupter without a slot on the conductive plate. As shown in fig. 3, when the vacuum circuit breaker opens the fault current, one of the arc-extinguishing chambers 8 is opened early due to other related factors such as the operating time of the operating mechanism of each arc-extinguishing chamber 8 being inconsistent or the impedance of the current conduction path of each arc-extinguishing chamber 8 being different, and the following arc-extinguishing chamber 8 is opened early in the drawing as an example. The lower arc extinguishing chamber 8 is opened in advance to generate electric arc, the impedance of the current conducting path of the arc extinguishing chamber 8 is increased, the current flowing through the arc extinguishing chamber 8 is transferred to other nearby arc extinguishing chambers, and the curve with an arrow in the figure represents the transfer path of the current. Because no slot is formed on the current conducting plate 7 and the current conducting plate 7 is a good conductor, the shortest path is selected for current transfer, the impedance on the current transfer path is small, the current is easy to transfer between the arc extinguish chambers 8, and the parallel current equalizing characteristic of the circuit breaker is poor. This may result in a single arc chute 8 that opens later sharing the current transferred by the other arc chutes, so that the current assumed by this arc chute is too large, possibly resulting in a failure of the circuit breaker to open. Therefore, measures are necessary to improve the parallel current sharing characteristic of the circuit breaker, and conditions are created for the high-current on-off of the circuit breaker.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a current transfer section in the opening process of a vacuum circuit breaker using a cylindrical current inlet/outlet path 6, in which grooves 9 having the same shape and symmetrically distributed are formed in a conductive plate 7, and a plurality of vacuum interrupters 8 are centrally and symmetrically distributed on the conductive plate 7. Because the plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 of the same type are arranged on the current-conducting plate 7 in a centrosymmetric manner, and the grooves 9 on the current-conducting plate 7 are uniformly distributed among the arc-extinguishing chambers 8, the line impedance consistency of the paths of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 is good, and under the conditions of normal through-flow and ideal breaking, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 can share the rated current and the breaking task together, which is beneficial to the development of a vacuum circuit breaker with large capacity and heavy current. As shown in fig. 4, it is still explained by taking the following arc-extinguishing chamber 8 as an example of switching on and off in advance, since the slot 9 is formed in the conductive plate 7, the current transfer path is significantly increased compared with the path shown in fig. 3, so that the impedance on the current transfer path is increased, and the mutual transfer of current between the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers 8 is hindered, so that the difference of the current magnitude borne by each vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 8 is not large, the parallel current-sharing characteristic of the vacuum circuit breaker is improved, the situation that a certain arc-extinguishing chamber bears a large current due to poor current-sharing effect is avoided, the large-current switching-off capability of the vacuum circuit breaker is improved, and the service life of the circuit breaker can be prolonged. In addition, compared with a method for improving the current sharing characteristic through the series inductance of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 8, the method is simple and easy to implement, does not increase extra cost, and avoids reactive power consumption and influence on system impedance caused by the series inductance.
The circuit inductance difference between the paths of the arc-extinguishing chambers is reduced by adopting the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers with the same model, manufacturing the current inlet and outlet paths into a cylindrical shape, arranging a plurality of vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers on the conductive plate into a centrosymmetric structure and the like, and the average distribution of the current among the arc-extinguishing chambers is promoted. In addition, the grooves with the same shape and symmetrical structure are formed in the conductive plate, so that the path length of current transferred between the arc extinguishing chambers is increased, the impedance on the current transfer path is increased, and the dynamic parallel current sharing characteristic of the vacuum circuit breaker is improved. The utility model is simple and easy to implement, can effectively improve the dynamic parallel current-sharing characteristic of the circuit breaker, and is beneficial to the use of the vacuum circuit breaker in the heavy current on-off occasions.
Industrial applicability
The current transfer type circuit breaker can be used in electric power.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A current transfer type circuit breaker is characterized by comprising a main branch vacuum switch, a current transfer branch and an energy consumption branch, wherein,
a main branch vacuum switch comprising a vacuum interrupter, the vacuum interrupter comprising,
a conductive plate having a disk-shaped conductor structure with a plurality of slots radiating outward from the center,
a plurality of parallel vacuum interrupters arranged between the conductive plates and spaced apart via the slots,
a current inlet and outlet path which is a conductor structure and is connected with the outer edge of the conductive plate,
a current transfer branch connected in parallel to the main branch vacuum switch, the current transfer branch comprising a pre-charge capacitor, an inductor and power electronics for controlling the conduction of the current transfer branch in series,
the energy consumption branch is connected with the current transfer branch in parallel.
2. A current diverting type circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the slots are centrally symmetrically distributed in the disc-shaped conductor structure.
3. A current transfer breaker as claimed in claim 2, wherein the vacuum interrupters are centrally symmetrically distributed in the disc-like structure.
4. The current diverting circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein the center of the disk-shaped conductor structure has a through hole.
5. A current diverting circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the slots are all the same size and shape.
6. The current diverting circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein an end of the slot away from the center of the disc-shaped conductor structure is a predetermined distance from an outer edge of the disc-shaped conductor structure.
7. A current transfer breaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power electronics are thyristors.
8. A current transfer breaker according to claim 1, wherein the energy dissipating branch comprises a zinc oxide arrester.
9. A current transfer type circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the conductive plates are two opposite disc-shaped conductors, a plurality of vacuum interrupters are fixed between the conductive plates, and the two conductive plates are directly connected to the current inlet and outlet paths, respectively.
10. A current diverting circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the conducting plate has an even number of slots with a central symmetry.
CN202122675330.9U 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Current transfer type circuit breaker Active CN216671482U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202122675330.9U CN216671482U (en) 2021-11-03 2021-11-03 Current transfer type circuit breaker

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114141572A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-03-04 西安交通大学 Current transfer type circuit breaker

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114141572A (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-03-04 西安交通大学 Current transfer type circuit breaker

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