CN216663646U - General shaped steel rail fastener - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a general steel rail fastener, which comprises an insulating coupling plate fixedly arranged on a base, wherein a lower-layer base plate, an elastic base plate and an upper-layer base plate are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the insulating coupling plate; the rigidity of the steel rail fastener can be 12-20 kN/mm, or 35-45 kN/mm, or 50-70 kN/mm by replacing the used elastic base plate. The utility model has the advantages that: form the rail fastener through the fixed formation of multi-structure concatenation, make the change that each part of rail fastener is all nimble, equipment and convenient to use to the elastic backing plate that different rigidity were changed to the accessible makes whole rail fastener have different rigidity, in order to satisfy the user demand in various highway sections, each highway section supporting part highly uniform moreover, need not be under construction the gradual change and pass through along the slope, highway section is reformed transform in the adjustment that the later stage can be convenient.

Description

General shaped steel rail fastener

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of rail accessories, in particular to a general steel rail fastener.

Background

The urban railway is a novel rail transit system between the inter-city railway and the urban rail transit, can provide rapid, large-capacity and public transportation traffic service between a central city and a new city, and can be connected with national trunk railways to realize interconnection. The urban railway is different from urban subways and light rails and is characterized in that the urban railway has large station distance and heavy train weight, high-speed railway motor train units are usually adopted, the design speed is high and can reach 140-160 km/h, and the speed per hour requirement is far higher than that of the urban subways and light rails by about 80 km/h. From the construction planning and analysis of the passenger railways in China, the future national passenger transportation lines are divided into high-speed railways, intercity railways, subways and light rails of urban railways and urban rail transit, and the urban railways are the upgrading of the existing intercity railways, have the characteristics of providing high-speed, high-capacity and public transportation service between a central city and a new city, and are in the important position of the future passenger transportation railway development.

Due to the construction characteristics of urban railways, the laid track structure of the urban railways has the requirements higher than those of subway and light rail tracks, for example, the requirement of a line on a common and high-level vibration damping road section is considered, the operation deformation of the line is small, the smoothness is high, and the like, the rail fastener system which is an important component of the track structure is required to have good service performance, and the fastener system is newly developed under the condition of considering large-axle-weight vehicles, high speed and vibration damping.

The fastener system is a device for fixing a steel rail in rail transit, is an important component of a rail structure, and has the functions of connecting the steel rail and an underfooting foundation into a whole, transmitting the force borne by the steel rail to the underfooting foundation, keeping the correct position of the steel rail, preventing the steel rail from generating longitudinal and transverse displacement, providing certain rail elasticity and playing a role in vibration and noise reduction.

The domestic current fastener of urban railway has fastener for ordinary highway section and fastener for the damping highway section, mainly has following several shortcomings, and in use is unfavorable for promoting:

1. the vibration reduction fastener is different from the fastener part used in the common road section, and the universality of laying construction is influenced;

2. the existing vibration damping fastener adopts a vibration isolation structure that an upper layer iron backing plate and a lower layer iron backing plate clamp a middle elastic cushion layer, and the double-layer iron backing plate structure is fixed through a nylon locking ring, so that the existing vibration damping fastener is easy to wear in use, but the nylon locking ring is difficult to maintain and replace, and needs to be returned to a factory for maintenance or use a special dismounting tool, thereby influencing the service life of the fastener;

3. when the existing damping fastener bears the transverse load of a traveling crane, the transverse resistance can be provided only by the nylon locking ring and the upright post of the lower iron base plate, the bearing capacity is insufficient, and the gauge expansion is easy to exceed the standard;

4. the existing damping fastener is not overloaded and limited in the vertical direction, and when the damping fastener is laid in a section with a small curve radius, the deformation of the vertical direction of the fastener is large due to the overload of centrifugal force, so that the harmful phenomena such as corrugation and the like are easily caused, and the driving safety is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a general steel rail fastener which can meet the laying requirements of a common road section and a vibration damping road section simultaneously.

The utility model solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme: a general steel rail fastener comprises an insulating coupling plate fixedly arranged on a base, wherein a lower-layer base plate, an elastic base plate and an upper-layer base plate are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the insulating coupling plate; the rigidity of the steel rail fastener can be 12-20 kN/mm, or 35-45 kN/mm, or 50-70 kN/mm by replacing the used elastic base plate.

The steel rail fastener is formed by splicing and fixing a plurality of structures, so that each part of the steel rail fastener can be flexibly replaced, the steel rail fastener is convenient to assemble and use, the whole steel rail fastener has different rigidity by replacing the elastic base plates with different rigidity so as to meet the use requirements of various road sections, the supporting parts of each road section are consistent in height, the construction is not required to be gradually changed along a slope for transition, and the road sections can be conveniently adjusted and reformed at the later stage.

Preferably, be provided with two branches on the backing plate of lower floor and be located the stand of rail both sides, be provided with the through-hole that runs through along the axial on the stand, elastic backing plate and upper backing plate pass the stand respectively and pile up in proper order on the backing plate of lower floor, be provided with on the backing plate of upper strata and pass through-hole and insulating coupling plate and spiro union on the fixing bolt on the base.

Preferably, the upper backing plate is provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the stand column, the upper end of the stand column is arranged below the surface of the upper backing plate, a gap is formed between the fixing hole and the edge of the stand column, the fixing hole is provided with a cover plate, the lower surface of the cover plate is provided with a vertical plate capable of being inserted into the gap between the fixing hole and the stand column, and the fixing bolt penetrates through the cover plate to be connected with the stand column.

Preferably, the fixing bolt is further sleeved with a flat cushion block above the cover plate, and a spring washer is further sleeved above the flat cushion block.

Preferably, the upper surface of apron is provided with the recess, and the lower surface of flat cushion is provided with the protruding key with recess complex, the upper surface of stand is equipped with the subsider, the subsider bottom surface is serration structure, the lower surface of apron is provided with and recess complex nylon pad.

Preferably, still be provided with on two diagonal angles of lower floor's backing plate and transversely keep off the shoulder, transversely keep off the inboard of shoulder still be provided with transversely keep off shoulder adaptability complex nylon cushion, the cross-section of nylon cushion is L type structure, the horizontal part of nylon cushion and the laminating support of lower floor's backing plate the lower surface of elastic backing plate, the side of elastic backing plate and upper backing plate and the vertical portion butt of nylon cushion.

Preferably, the longitudinal end face of the transverse retaining shoulder positioned on the inner side of the lower-layer base plate is in fillet transition with the transverse end face, and the nylon cushion block is in close fit with the transverse and longitudinal inner end faces of the transverse retaining shoulder respectively.

Preferably, the upper surface and the lower surface of the elastic cushion plate are respectively provided with a plurality of elastic columns, and the end surfaces of the elastic columns are arranged into a dome structure.

Preferably, the upper backing plate is provided with a supporting seat and a frustum seat on two sides of the steel rail respectively, the upper surface of the supporting seat is provided with a circular groove which is matched with the elastic strip in a adaptability mode, a T-shaped bolt is fixed on the frustum seat, and a screw of the T-shaped bolt penetrates through the elastic strip and is pressed tightly through a nut.

Preferably, the frustum base is arranged between the supporting seat and the steel rail, a gauge block is further arranged between the frustum base and the steel rail, the gauge block is matched with the rail bottom in a shape adaptive manner, the gauge block is clamped and fixed between the frustum base and the steel rail and pressed on the rail bottom, and the elastic strip is pressed above the gauge block through a T-shaped bolt and a nut.

The universal steel rail fastener provided by the utility model has the advantages that: form the rail fastener through the fixed formation of multi-structure concatenation, make the change that each part of rail fastener is all nimble, equipment and convenient to use to the elastic backing plate that different rigidity were changed to the accessible makes whole rail fastener have different rigidity, in order to satisfy the user demand in various highway sections, each highway section supporting part highly uniform moreover, need not be under construction the gradual change and pass through along the slope, highway section is reformed transform in the adjustment that the later stage can be convenient. The design of multiple increase frictional force has been set up when using fixing bolt fastening, improves fixed strength, and through transversely keeping off shoulder and nylon cushion to carry out the fixing of horizontal, vertical and vertical direction to the elastic backing plate, prevent to rock, through the rail bottom that the gauge block compressed tightly the rail, through the rail lower bolster improvement rail's frictional force, ensure the fixed effect to the rail.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a general rail fastener according to an embodiment of the present invention in use;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an upper pad, an elastic pad and a lower pad of a universal rail fastener according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cover plate and a flat pad of a universal rail clip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an under-rail pad of a universal rail fastener according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a rail fastener of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described below in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a general steel rail fastener, including the fixed insulating coupling plate 2 that sets up on base 1, fixed lower floor's backing plate 3, elastic backing plate 4 and the upper backing plate 5 of having set gradually on the insulating coupling plate 2, the centre of upper backing plate 5 sets up there is rail lower backing plate 51, and rail 6 places on rail lower backing plate 51, and rail lower backing plate 51 both sides are fixed with respectively with rail bottom complex bullet strip 52 of rail 6, through changing the use elastic backing plate 4 can make steel rail fastener have different rigidity in order to satisfy the user demand in different highway sections. Specifically, when the elastic base plate 4 with medium elasticity is used in a common road section, the steel rail fastener has the system rigidity of 35-45 kN/mm, when the elastic base plate 4 with high elasticity is used in a vibration damping road section, the steel rail fastener has the system rigidity of 12-20 kN/mm, and when the elastic base plate 4 with low elasticity is used in a special curve road section, the steel rail fastener has the system rigidity of 50-70 kN/mm.

This embodiment is through the fixed rail fastener that forms of multi-structure concatenation, the change that all parts that make rail fastener are all nimble, equipment and convenient to use to the elastic backing plate 4 that the different rigidity was changed to the accessible makes whole rail fastener have different rigidity, in order to satisfy the user demand in various highway sections, each highway section supporting part highly uniform moreover, need not be under construction the gradual change and pass through along the slope, the highway section is reformed transform to the adjustment that the later stage can be convenient.

Referring to fig. 2, the lower backing plate 3 is provided with two columns 31 respectively located at two sides of the steel rail 6, the columns 31 are provided with through holes 32 passing through in the axial direction, the elastic backing plate 4 and the upper backing plate 5 respectively pass through the columns 31 and are sequentially stacked on the lower backing plate 3, and the upper backing plate 5 is provided with fixing bolts 53 passing through the through holes 32 and the insulating coupling plate 2 and screwed on the base 1; thereby stacking and fixing the insulating coupling plate 2, the lower pad 3, the elastic pad 4 and the upper pad 5 on the base 1.

The upper-layer backing plate 5 is provided with a fixing hole 54 corresponding to the upright column 31, the upper end of the upright column 31 is positioned below the surface of the upper-layer backing plate 5, a gap is formed between the fixing hole 54 and the edge of the upright column 31, the fixing hole 54 is provided with a cover plate 55, the lower surface of the cover plate 55 is provided with a vertical plate 56 which can be inserted into the gap between the fixing hole 54 and the upright column 31, and the fixing bolt 53 penetrates through the cover plate 55 to be connected with the upright column 31.

The fixing bolt 53 is sleeved with a flat cushion block 33 positioned above the cover plate 54 and a spring washer 34 positioned above the flat cushion block 33; to improve the compression effect and friction.

The upper surface of the upright column 31 is further provided with a settling tank 311, the bottom surface of the settling tank 311 is of a saw-toothed structure, and the lower surface of the cover plate 55 within the enclosing range of the vertical plate 56 is provided with a nylon pad (not shown) matched with the settling tank 311, so as to improve the matching effect of the cover plate 55 and the upright column 31.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the upper surface of the cover plate 55 is further provided with a groove 551, and the lower surface of the flat cushion block 33 is provided with a convex key 331 matched with the groove 551, so that the flat cushion block 33 is prevented from rotating in the fixing process, and the locking effect is improved.

Referring to fig. 2 again, two opposite angles of the lower cushion plate 3 are further provided with transverse blocking shoulders 35 respectively, the length direction of the transverse blocking shoulders 35 is parallel to the steel rail 6, the inner sides of the transverse blocking shoulders 35 are further provided with nylon cushion blocks 36 which are matched with the transverse blocking shoulders 35 in an adaptive mode, the cross sections of the nylon cushion blocks 36 are L-shaped mechanisms, the horizontal portions of the nylon cushion blocks 36 are attached to the lower cushion plate 3 to support the lower surface of the elastic cushion plate 4, and the side surfaces of the elastic cushion plate 4 and the upper cushion plate 5 are abutted to the vertical portions of the nylon cushion blocks 36 to be clamped in the space formed by the nylon cushion blocks 36 on the two sides.

Further, the transverse blocking shoulder 35 is in fillet transition with the longitudinal end face and the transverse cross section of the inner side of the lower cushion plate 3, and the nylon cushion block 36 is tightly attached and matched with the transverse and longitudinal end faces of the transverse blocking shoulder 35 respectively, so that the elastic cushion plate 4 and the upper cushion plate 5 are limited transversely and longitudinally respectively.

When load is great, arouse that upper liner plate 5 tumbles or vertical deformation is great, through nylon cushion 36's limiting displacement, increase the horizontal resistance of fastener, nylon cushion 36's horizontal part is 1.5 ~ 2mm less than the thickness of elastic backing plate 4, and is spacing to the deformation of lower floor's backing plate 3.

The upper and lower surface of elastic backing plate 4 is provided with a plurality of elasticity posts 41 respectively, the terminal surface of elasticity post 41 is provided with the dome structure, lower floor's backing plate 3 and upper backing plate 5 respectively with the dome butt of elasticity post 41, suitable material is selected according to the needs of elastic strength to elastic backing plate 4 and elasticity post 41, like the nylon of high strength etc..

The upper-layer base plate 5 is also provided with a supporting seat 57 and a frustum seat 58 on two sides of the steel rail respectively, and the upper surface of the supporting seat 57 is provided with a circular groove 571 in adaptive fit with the elastic strip 52; referring to fig. 1, a T-shaped bolt 59 is fixed on the cone base 58, a nut of the T-shaped bolt 59 is limited on the cone base 38, the T-shaped bolt 59 penetrates through the elastic strip 52 in the vertical direction and is screwed and fixed by a nut 591, and an edge of the elastic strip 59 is pressed on the circular groove 571 and the rail bottom respectively.

Specifically, the cone pedestal 58 is arranged between the support seat 57 and the steel rail 6, a gauge block 7 is further arranged between the cone pedestal 58 and the steel rail 6, the structure of the gauge block 7 is the prior art, the structure of the gauge block 7 is adaptively matched with the shape of the rail bottom, the gauge block 7 is clamped and fixed between the cone pedestal 58 and the steel rail 6 and pressed on the rail bottom, and the elastic strip 52 is pressed above the gauge block 7 through a T-shaped bolt 59 and a nut 591, so that the steel rail 6 is fixed.

Referring to fig. 4, the under rail pad 51 can increase the friction force of the contact between the rail 6 and the rail fastener, and prevent the rail 6 from sliding, the under rail pad 51 is made of a material with a high mohs coefficient, and grooves parallel to the rail 6 are formed on the surface of the under rail pad 51, so as to increase the friction force of the lateral movement of the rail 6.

With reference to fig. 5, two ends of the lower rail pad 51 respectively extend downwards to form a clamping plate 511 which is clamped and matched with the upper pad 5, two ends of the upper pad 5 in the length direction of the steel rail are respectively provided with a clamping block 512, two ends of the lower rail pad 51 are respectively provided with a notch 513 which is matched with the clamping block 512, the lower rail pad 51 is abutted and limited by the clamping blocks 512 at the two ends, and the upper pad 5 is abutted and limited by the clamping plates 511 at the two ends along the length direction of the steel rail 6.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a general shaped steel rail fastener which characterized in that: the steel rail coupling device comprises an insulating coupling plate fixedly arranged on a base, wherein a lower-layer base plate, an elastic base plate and an upper-layer base plate are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the insulating coupling plate; the rigidity of the steel rail fastener can be 12-20 kN/mm, or 35-45 kN/mm, or 50-70 kN/mm by replacing the used elastic base plate.

2. The universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steel rail fixing device is characterized in that two stand columns which are respectively located on two sides of a steel rail are arranged on the lower-layer base plate, through holes which penetrate through the stand columns are formed in the stand columns in the axial direction, the elastic base plate and the upper-layer base plate penetrate through the stand columns respectively and are sequentially stacked on the lower-layer base plate, and fixing bolts which penetrate through the through holes and the insulating coupling plates and are screwed on the base are arranged on the upper-layer base plate.

3. The universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the upper backing plate is provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the stand column, the upper end of the stand column is arranged below the surface of the upper backing plate, a gap is formed between the fixing hole and the edge of the stand column, the fixing hole is provided with a cover plate, the lower surface of the cover plate is provided with a vertical plate capable of being inserted into the gap between the fixing hole and the stand column, and the fixing bolt penetrates through the cover plate to be connected with the stand column.

4. A universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the fixing bolt is further sleeved with a flat cushion block above the cover plate, and a spring washer is further sleeved above the flat cushion block.

5. The universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the upper surface of apron is provided with the recess, and the lower surface of flat cushion is provided with the protruding key with recess complex, the upper surface of stand is equipped with the subsider, the subsider bottom surface is serration structure, the lower surface of apron is provided with and fills up with recess complex nylon.

6. The universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 1, wherein: still be provided with horizontal fender shoulder on two diagonal angles of lower floor's backing plate, the inboard that transversely keeps off the shoulder still is provided with and transversely keeps off shoulder adaptability complex nylon cushion, the cross-section of nylon cushion is L type structure, the horizontal part of nylon cushion and the laminating of lower floor's backing plate support the lower surface of elastic backing plate, the side of elastic backing plate and upper backing plate and the vertical portion butt of nylon cushion.

7. The universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the longitudinal end face of the transverse blocking shoulder positioned on the inner side of the lower-layer base plate is in fillet transition with the transverse end face, and the nylon cushion block is in close fit with the transverse and longitudinal inner side end faces of the transverse blocking shoulder respectively.

8. The universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of the elastic base plate are respectively provided with a plurality of elastic columns, and the end surfaces of the elastic columns are of dome structures.

9. The universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper backing plate is further provided with a supporting seat and a frustum seat on two sides of the steel rail respectively, a circular groove which is matched with the elastic strip in an adaptive mode is formed in the upper surface of the supporting seat, a T-shaped bolt is fixed on the frustum seat, and a screw of the T-shaped bolt penetrates through the elastic strip and is pressed tightly through a nut.

10. The universal steel rail fastener as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the cone base is arranged between the supporting base and the steel rail, a gauge block is further arranged between the cone base and the steel rail, the gauge block is matched with the rail bottom in shape adaptability, the gauge block is clamped and fixed between the cone base and the steel rail and pressed on the rail bottom, and the elastic strip is pressed above the gauge block through T-shaped bolts and nuts.

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