CN216643070U - Transmission gear shifting system, transmission and operation machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of transmissions, and aims to provide a transmission gear shifting system, a transmission and an operating machine. The utility model solves the problems that the existing transmission gear shifting mechanism is easy to operate by mistake and damage.

Description

Transmission gear shifting system, transmission and operation machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of transmissions, in particular to a transmission gear shifting system, a transmission and an operating machine.

Background

An Automatic Transmission (AMT) is an improved Transmission based on the traditional Manual gear type Transmission, integrates the characteristics of an Automatic Transmission (AT) and a Manual Transmission (MT), and is an Automatic Transmission integrating Mechanical and electrical functions, so the AMT has the advantages of Automatic speed change, high gear Transmission efficiency, low cost, simple structure, easy manufacture and the like.

At present, AMT gearshift structure includes two independent gearshift, and these two gearshift are controlled by electronic control module respectively and are realized shifting gears the function, and in actual operation, if control procedure maloperation, when making two gearshift simultaneous working, the inside condition that will take place to hang two and keep off of derailleur, if the derailleur rotates this moment just leads to the derailleur to damage easily, influences its life. In addition, in the driving process of a vehicle, due to the fact that the road surface jolts, the shifting fork shaft is easy to axially shift, the gear engaging position is affected, parts inside the shifting mechanism can be impacted, the shifting mechanism is caused to be out of order, and the service life of the transmission and the normal operation of the vehicle are affected.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects that the transmission gear shifting mechanism in the prior art is easy to operate by mistake and damage, so that the transmission gear shifting system, the transmission and the working machine which can effectively prevent the misoperation, are not easy to damage and can ensure the service life of the transmission are provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a transmission shift system, which is disposed in a transmission main housing and includes a first shift fork shaft and a second shift fork shaft, an interlocking mechanism is disposed between the first shift fork shaft and the second shift fork shaft, and the first shift fork shaft and the second shift fork shaft are both provided with a self-locking mechanism, and the interlocking mechanism and the self-locking mechanism are limited by a same limiting member.

Optionally, the interlocking mechanism includes a first interlocking groove, a second interlocking groove and two interlocking steel balls, the first interlocking groove is an annular groove formed in the cylindrical surface of the first shift fork, the second interlocking groove is an annular groove formed in the cylindrical surface of the second shift fork, the first interlocking groove and the second interlocking groove are corresponding in position, a connecting line of centers of sphere of the two interlocking steel balls is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first shift fork and the second shift fork, and the interlocking steel balls are suitable for being partially embedded into the first interlocking groove and the second interlocking groove.

Optionally, a mounting hole is formed in the transmission main shell, the length direction of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first gear shifting fork shaft and the second gear shifting fork shaft, and the interlocking steel balls are arranged in the mounting hole.

Optionally, the main casing body of the transmission is formed with an insertion hole with a size matched with the interlocking steel ball above the mounting hole, the limiting part comprises a steel ball limiting part, and the steel ball limiting part is suitable for being inserted into the insertion hole.

Optionally, at least one extension shaft is arranged between the two interlocking steel balls.

Optionally, the self-locking mechanism includes a compression spring, a self-locking steel ball and at least two self-locking grooves, the upper end of the compression spring is pressed and limited by the limiting part, the lower end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with the self-locking steel ball, the self-locking grooves are formed on the upper cylindrical surfaces of the first gear shifting fork shaft and the second gear shifting fork shaft, and the self-locking steel ball is suitable for being partially embedded into the self-locking grooves.

Optionally, on the first shift rail, one of the self-locking recesses is located in the first interlocking recess; on the second shift rail, one of the self-locking recesses is located in the second interlocking recess.

Optionally, the limiting part comprises a spring limiting part, and the upper end of the compression spring is pressed and limited by the spring limiting part.

A transmission comprises a transmission main shell, and the transmission gear shifting system is arranged in the transmission main shell.

A working machine comprises the transmission.

The utility model has the following advantages:

(1) according to the transmission gear shifting system provided by the utility model, the interlocking mechanism is arranged between the first gear shifting fork shaft and the second gear shifting fork shaft, the self-locking mechanisms are arranged on the first gear shifting fork shaft and the second gear shifting fork shaft, and the interlocking mechanism and the self-locking mechanism are limited by the same limiting piece, so that on one hand, misoperation of simultaneously hanging two gears can be avoided by arranging the interlocking mechanism, the structural damage is avoided, on the other hand, the failure of the gear shifting mechanism can be further prevented by arranging the self-locking mechanism, the service life of the transmission gear shifting system is ensured, in addition, the interlocking mechanism and the self-locking mechanism are limited by the same limiting piece, the parts can be reduced, the integral structure is compact, and the arrangement space is saved.

(2) According to the transmission gear shifting system provided by the utility model, one self-locking groove is arranged in the first interlocking groove, so that the interlocking mechanism and the self-locking mechanism are combined, the overall structure is more compact and reasonable, and the machining position can be conveniently determined during machining and forming.

(3) According to the transmission provided by the utility model, the transmission gear shifting system is arranged on the transmission main shell, so that misoperation can be effectively prevented, the transmission gear shifting system is not easy to damage, and the service life of the transmission can be ensured.

(4) The working machine comprises the transmission, the transmission can effectively prevent misoperation, is not easy to damage, has long service life, and is beneficial to stable operation of the working machine.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of a first embodiment of a transmission shifting system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a first embodiment of the transmission shifting system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a bottom view of a first embodiment of the transmission shifting system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 shows an enlarged view of a portion of a second embodiment of the transmission shifting system of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a main shell of the transmission, 101-a mounting hole and 102-an embedding hole;

2-first shift rail, 201-first interlock recess;

3-a second shift rail, 301-a second interlocking groove;

4-interlocking steel balls;

5-lengthening the shaft;

6-cover plate, 601-steel ball limiting part, 602-spring limiting part;

701-self-locking steel ball, 702-self-locking groove, 703-compression spring;

8-1/2 gear shift mechanisms;

9-3/4 gear shift mechanism.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1-4, a preferred embodiment of the transmission shifting system of the present invention.

The transmission shift system of the present embodiment is an AMT four-gear shift system provided in the transmission main casing 1, and includes 1/2- gear shift mechanism 8 and 3/4-gear shift mechanism 9. The 1/2-gear shifting mechanism 8 comprises a first shifting fork shaft 2, and the first shifting fork shaft 2 can reciprocate along the axial direction under the driving of the 1/2-gear shifting mechanism 8 to realize the shifting operation; similarly, the 3/4-gear shifting mechanism 9 includes a second shift rail 3, and the second shift rail 3 can be driven by the 3/4-gear shifting mechanism 9 to reciprocate axially to realize the shifting operation. The first and second shift rails 2, 3 are arranged axially in parallel, and the 1/2-speed and 3/4- speed shift mechanisms 8, 9 can each drive their respective rails to move axially independently.

In order to ensure that only one shift rail is in gear and to prevent incorrect operation, an interlock is provided between the first shift rail 2 and the second shift rail 3. Specifically, the interlocking mechanism comprises a first interlocking groove 201, a second interlocking groove 301 and two interlocking steel balls 4, the first interlocking groove 201 is an annular groove formed on the cylindrical surface of the first gear shifting fork shaft 2, and further the first interlocking groove 201 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the first gear shifting fork shaft 2; the second interlocking groove 301 is an annular groove formed in the cylindrical surface of the second shift rail 3, and further, the first interlocking groove 201 is provided along the circumferential direction of the second shift rail 3. And, the first interlocking groove 201 and the second interlocking groove 301 are positioned correspondingly, the center of sphere connecting line of the two interlocking steel balls 4 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first shift rail 2 and the second shift rail 3, and the interlocking steel balls 4 are adapted to be partially inserted into the first interlocking groove 201 and the second interlocking groove 301.

The transmission main shell 1 is formed with a mounting hole 101, the mounting hole 101 is a through hole, the length direction of the mounting hole 101 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first gear shifting fork shaft 2 and the second gear shifting fork shaft 3, the inner diameter of the mounting hole 101 is matched with the diameter of the interlocking steel ball 4, and the two interlocking steel balls 4 are arranged in the mounting hole 101. At both ends of the mounting hole 101, a part of the first shift rail 2 and the second shift rail 3 is placed in the mounting hole 101 to cooperate with the interlocking steel ball 4.

In order to prevent the shifting fork shaft from shifting in the axial direction after the gear shifting is finished, the first shifting fork shaft 2 and the second shifting fork shaft 3 are both provided with self-locking mechanisms. The self-locking mechanism comprises a compression spring 703, a self-locking steel ball 701 and at least two self-locking grooves 702, wherein the lower end of the compression spring 703 is fixedly connected with the self-locking steel ball 701, the self-locking grooves 702 are formed on the cylindrical surfaces of the upper portions of a first gear shifting fork shaft 2 and a second gear shifting fork shaft 3, namely the self-locking grooves 702 are formed in the positions, facing upwards, of the cylindrical surfaces of the first gear shifting fork shaft 2 and the second gear shifting fork shaft 3, and the self-locking steel ball 701 is suitable for being partially embedded into the self-locking grooves 702. In the present embodiment, three self-locking recesses 702 are provided, corresponding to the front gear, the neutral gear and the rear gear, respectively, the three self-locking recesses 702 are arranged along the axial direction of the first shift rail 2 and the second shift rail 3, and the distance between adjacent self-locking recesses 702 is determined according to the shift stroke of the transmission.

The interlocking mechanism and the self-locking mechanism are limited by the same limiting part, in this embodiment, the limiting part is a cover plate 6, the cover plate 6 includes a steel ball limiting part 601 and a spring limiting part 602, wherein the steel ball limiting part 601 is used for limiting the interlocking steel ball 4, and the spring limiting part 602 is used for limiting the compression spring 703.

An embedding hole 102 matched with the interlocking steel ball 4 in size is formed above the mounting hole 101 in the transmission main shell 1, the length direction of the embedding hole 102 is perpendicular to the length direction of the mounting hole 101, and the interlocking steel ball 4 is placed into the mounting hole 101 through the embedding hole 102. The steel ball limiting portion 601 is suitable for being inserted into the insertion hole 102, and the bottom of the steel ball limiting portion 601 is flush with the inner wall of the mounting hole 101, so that the insertion hole 102 is blocked, and the interlocking steel ball 4 is limited in the mounting hole 101 and cannot move out of the insertion hole 102.

The upper end of the compression spring 703 is compressed and limited by the spring limiting portion 602, the upper end of the compression spring 703 may be fixedly connected with the spring limiting portion 602, or may not be fixedly connected, as long as the spring limiting portion 602 is ensured to apply a downward force to the compression spring 703, so that the compression spring 703 keeps a compressed state, and the compression spring 703 further presses the self-locking steel ball 701 downward, so that the self-locking steel ball is limited in the self-locking groove 702.

In order to make the structure of the gear shifting system more compact and reasonable, on the first shift rail 2, one of the self-locking recesses 702 is located in the first interlocking recess 201, specifically, the self-locking recess 702 corresponding to the neutral gear is located in the first interlocking recess 201; likewise, on the second shift rail 3 one of the self-locking recesses 702 is located in the second interlocking recess 301, in particular the self-locking recess 702 corresponding to neutral is located in the second interlocking recess 301. In order to allow the self-locking balls 701 to move more smoothly between the respective locking grooves 702, the edges of the self-locking grooves 702 are rounded.

The present embodiment also provides a transmission, which includes a transmission main housing 1, and the transmission gear shifting system in the above embodiments is provided in the transmission main housing 1. The transmission can effectively prevent misoperation, the transmission gear shifting system is not easy to damage, and the service life of the transmission can be ensured.

The operation of the transmission shifting system is described below:

(1) gear shifting process

After the 1/2- gear shifting mechanism 8 or 3/4-gear shifting mechanism receives the shifting information, the worm wheel inside the 1/2- gear shifting mechanism 8 or 3/4-gear shifting mechanism 9 rotates to drive the corresponding first shifting fork shaft 2 or second shifting fork shaft 3 to move axially, and therefore shifting is achieved.

(2) Interlocking process

When both the 1/2 shift 8 and 3/4 shift are simultaneously informed of the shift, two interlocking balls will be activated to ensure that only one shift is engaged by the mechanical interlock. As shown in fig. 3, D1 is the distance from the bottom of the first interlocking groove 201 to the bottom of the second interlocking groove 301; d2 is the distance between the outer edges of the two interlocking steel balls 4; d3 is the distance from the inner cylindrical surface of the first shift rail 2 to the inner cylindrical surface of the second shift rail 3; d4 is the distance from the inner cylindrical surface of the first shift rail 2 to the bottom of the second interlock recess 301.

When both shifting mechanisms are in neutral, the distance D2 between the outer edges of the two interlocking steel balls 4 is smaller than the distance D1 from the bottom of the first interlocking groove 201 to the bottom of the second interlocking groove 301 at the position where the two interlocking steel balls 4 are centered in the mounting hole 101. When the TCU (Transmission Control Unit) determines that a Transmission is required to shift gears, the TCU drives the shift motor to rotate to drive the corresponding shift fork shaft to perform a shift action, and a certain shift fork shaft moves (in this embodiment, the first shift fork shaft 2 moves), the interlocking steel ball 4 close to the first shift fork shaft 2 passes through the first interlocking groove 201, and since the distance D2 between the outer edges of the two interlocking steel balls 4 is smaller than the distance D4 from the inner cylindrical surface of the first shift fork shaft 2 to the bottom of the second interlocking groove 301, it can be ensured that the first shift fork shaft 2 can slide freely, and the distance D2 between the outer edges of the two interlocking steel balls 4 is larger than the distance D3 from the inner cylindrical surface of the first shift fork shaft 2 to the inner cylindrical surface of the second shift fork shaft 3, so that the interlocking steel balls 4 lock the second shift fork shaft 3 at a neutral position. Therefore, even if the TCU gives a misoperation instruction, the transmission gear shifting mechanism can prevent two gears from being engaged simultaneously through a mechanical structure, and the purpose of protecting the gearbox is achieved.

(3) Self-locking process

Taking the first shift fork 2 as an example, when shifting gears, the shift motor applies a force to the first shift fork 2, the force is large enough to enable the first shift fork 2 to move axially, and the self-locking steel ball 701 moves from one self-locking groove 702 to the other self-locking groove 702. In the bumping process of the whole vehicle, the first shifting fork shaft 2 tends to shift along the axial direction, but the shifting force of the first shifting fork shaft 2 is small, and the self-locking steel ball 701 can be pressed in the self-locking groove 702 where the compression spring 703 is located, so that the shifting of the first shifting fork shaft 2 is prevented, and a shifting mechanism is protected.

The present embodiment also provides a work machine including the transmission of the above embodiment. The transmission can effectively prevent misoperation, is not easy to damage, has long service life and is beneficial to the stable operation of operation machinery.

Example two

As shown in fig. 5, the transmission shifting system of the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that:

according to different practical application requirements, the overall size of the transmission may be relatively large, so that the length of the mounting hole 101 in the transmission main shell 1 is relatively long, at the moment, the two interlocking steel balls 4 cannot be clamped between the first gear shifting fork shaft 2 and the second gear shifting fork shaft 3, at least one lengthened shaft 5 is arranged between the two interlocking steel balls 4, and the lengthened shaft 5 is placed in the mounting hole 101 when the transmission gear shifting mechanism is assembled and is positioned between the two interlocking steel balls 4. The number of the extension shafts 5 is determined according to the length of the mounting hole 101, and in the embodiment, one extension shaft 5 is arranged between two interlocking steel balls 4.

In other embodiments, two or three elongated shafts 5 may be provided according to the length of the mounting hole 101, and the object of the present invention can be achieved.

In other embodiments, two or four self-locking grooves 702 can be arranged in the self-locking mechanism according to the design requirements of the transmission, and the purpose of the utility model can also be achieved.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a derailleur shift system, sets up in derailleur main casing body (1), shifts declutch shift shaft (3) including first declutch shift shaft (2) and second, its characterized in that: an interlocking mechanism is arranged between the first gear shifting fork shaft (2) and the second gear shifting fork shaft (3), a self-locking mechanism is arranged on the first gear shifting fork shaft (2) and the second gear shifting fork shaft (3), and the interlocking mechanism and the self-locking mechanism are limited above through the same limiting part.

2. The transmission shifting system of claim 1, wherein: interlocking mechanism includes first interlocking recess (201), second interlocking recess (301) and two interlocking steel balls (4), first interlocking recess (201) are the shaping and are in annular groove on first shift fork axle (2) cylinder, second interlocking recess (301) are the shaping and are in annular groove on second shift fork axle (3) cylinder, just first interlocking recess (201) with the position of second interlocking recess (301) corresponds, two the centre of sphere line of interlocking steel ball (4) with first shift fork axle (2), the axial vertical of second shift fork axle (3), interlocking steel ball (4) are suitable for partial embedding in first interlocking recess (201) with in second interlocking recess (301).

3. The transmission shifting system of claim 2, wherein: the shaping has mounting hole (101) on the derailleur main casing body (1), the length direction of mounting hole (101) with first declutch shift shaft (2), the axial of second declutch shift shaft (3) is perpendicular, interlocking steel ball (4) set up in mounting hole (101).

4. The transmission shifting system of claim 3, wherein: the transmission main shell (1) is formed with an embedding hole (102) with the size matched with the interlocking steel ball (4) above the mounting hole (101), the limiting piece comprises a steel ball limiting portion (601), and the steel ball limiting portion (601) is suitable for being inserted into the embedding hole (102).

5. The transmission shifting system of claim 4, wherein: at least one lengthened shaft (5) is arranged between the two interlocking steel balls (4).

6. The transmission shifting system of any of claims 2-5, wherein: the self-locking mechanism comprises a compression spring (703), a self-locking steel ball (701) and at least two self-locking grooves (702), the upper end of the compression spring (703) is pressed and limited by the limiting piece, the lower end of the compression spring (703) is fixedly connected with the self-locking steel ball (701), the self-locking grooves (702) are formed in the upper cylindrical surfaces of the first gear shifting fork shaft (2) and the second gear shifting fork shaft (3), and the self-locking steel ball (701) is suitable for being partially embedded into the self-locking grooves (702).

7. The transmission shifting system of claim 6, wherein: -on the first shift rail (2), one of the self-locking recesses (702) is located in the first interlocking recess (201); on the second shift rail (3), one of the self-locking recesses (702) is located in the second interlocking recess (301).

8. The transmission shifting system of claim 7, wherein: the limiting piece comprises a spring limiting portion (602), and the upper end of the compression spring (703) is pressed and limited by the spring limiting portion (602).

9. A transmission comprising a transmission main housing (1), characterized in that: a transmission gear shifting system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is provided in the transmission main housing (1).

10. A working machine characterized in that: comprising the transmission of claim 9.

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