CN216621056U

CN216621056U - Three-coordinate flexible clamping structure

Info

Publication number: CN216621056U
Application number: CN202220116323.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨选; 王珂
Original assignee: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-17
Filing date: 2022-01-17
Publication date: 2022-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-coordinate flexible clamping structure.A substrate is provided with a plurality of threaded holes and three or more equal-height blocks; the equal-height block is sequentially provided with a section of threaded hole and a section of sliding chute from the end head along the length direction, and the size of the inner cavity of the sliding chute is smaller than the diameter of the threaded hole; a spring is arranged in the sliding chute, and a spiral top which is correspondingly matched with the sliding chute in shape can slide in the sliding chute; the stud is in running fit with the threaded hole; the front side and the rear side of the spiral top are respectively provided with a spring and a stud; the upper end of a vertical pressure rod arranged on the base plate is provided with a transverse pressing sheet, and the pressing sheet moving in the Z direction generates a vertical pressing force. According to the clamping structure, the mounting position of the equal-height block on the substrate and the linear movement amount of the spiral top in the sliding groove are adjusted, so that the large linear flexible adjustment and positioning in the X, Y direction with different positioning requirements are quickly realized; the Z-direction linear flexible positioning is quickly realized through the extension of the spiral top in the height direction and the adjustment of the height position of the pressing sheet.

Description

Three-coordinate flexible clamping structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of clamping for workpiece performance measurement, in particular to a three-coordinate flexible clamping structure.

Background

The three-coordinate detection technology is a commonly used measure with higher measurement precision in mechanical measurement, is comprehensively applied to measurement of size, shape and form and position tolerance of industrial parts such as automobiles, aviation, machines, molds and the like, and completes tasks such as detection, shape measurement, process control and the like of the industrial parts. However, in order to position components with different sizes or different structures, a large number of types of clamps are required, and the feasibility of simultaneous flexible expansion of the same clamp in X, Y, Z directions is not sufficient.

In the prior art, for example, the utility model patent of CN208223332U provides a quick positioning and measuring device for a three-coordinate fixture, which comprises a measuring platform, a multi-threaded hole protective bottom plate, a part fixture, a measuring machine, a positioning pin pressing column, a quick elastic clamp and a quick adjustable device for the measuring fixture; the positioning pin pressing column and the quick elastic clamp adopt a three-point layout to lock and position the part clamp; the quick adjustable device of measurement anchor clamps is the rectangular shape structure who sets up in the bottom plate side of part anchor clamps, its one end and the bottom plate fixed connection of part anchor clamps, the other end set up with the relative position fine setting part of the bottom plate of part anchor clamps, the side of middle part back to the bottom plate between both ends supports to lean on laminating three-point type locating pin to compress tightly one of the post for this relative position fine setting part's fine setting obtains the support counter-force from this locating pin compresses tightly post and promotes the bottom plate and remove, with the parallel state of adjusting the part that awaits measuring and the relative measuring machine of part anchor clamps. The utility model has the advantages of simple and optimized structure, and high coarse adjustment and fine adjustment positioning precision. However, the measuring device flexibly expands and clamps heavy parts with large differences of positioning structures, especially large or large differences of positioning point distances in the XY directions of the measuring machine, and large differences of positioning point distances in the Z directions, and is not easy to realize.

The linear flexible adjustment of the clamp is needed aiming at batch measurement of the same part or quick switching of clamping modes of different types of parts, the maximum adaptation degree of the clamp and the part is ensured, so that the clamp resource can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the cost and the efficiency are optimal. However, the three-coordinate flexible clamp in the prior art still has the defects of being difficult to meet the requirements and meeting the requirements of the market and users.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a three-coordinate flexible clamping structure, so that the workpiece can be limited in an XY plane and pressed in a Z direction when being clamped, and the workpiece clamping is completed; in addition, when clamping workpieces of different sizes, the clamping device can be quickly switched to perform linear flexible adjustment, and the fixture and the workpieces are guaranteed to achieve better adaptation degree.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

the utility model provides a flexible clamping structure of three coordinates, includes the base plate, be provided with a plurality of screw holes along the X, Y direction on the base plate, its characterized in that: three or more equal-height blocks are arranged on the substrate; the equal-height block is sequentially provided with a section of threaded hole and a section of sliding chute from the end head along the length direction, and the size of the inner cavity of the sliding chute is smaller than the diameter of the threaded hole; a spring is arranged in the chute, and a spiral top which is correspondingly matched with the chute in shape is arranged in the chute and can slide in the chute; the stud is matched with the threaded hole and rotates in the threaded hole to move forward or backward; the front side and the rear side of the spiral top are respectively provided with a spring and a stud; the base plate is provided with a vertical compression bar, the upper end of the vertical compression bar is provided with a transverse pressing sheet, and the pressing sheet capable of moving in the height direction generates a vertical pressing acting force.

Therefore, the clamping structure of the utility model can quickly realize the linear flexible adjustment and positioning of different positioning requirements in a large range in the direction of X, Y by adjusting the mounting position of the equal-height block on the substrate and the linear movement amount of the spiral top in the sliding chute; by means of the extension of the spiral top in the height direction and the adjustment of the height position of the pressing sheet, the linear flexible positioning in a large range in the Z direction is quickly realized.

Further: the chutes of the equal-height blocks are T-shaped grooves or dovetail grooves. Therefore, the screw top can be matched with the screw top for limiting through the T-shaped groove or the dovetail groove, and the screw top can move linearly.

Further: the spiral top comprises a base and a supporting screw rod, the base is matched with the sliding groove, the supporting screw rod is in threaded fit with the base, and the height of the supporting screw rod in the Z direction can be adjusted through rotation. Like this, the spiral top skill passes through base and spout cooperation, and the support screw of upper end can conveniently adjust again in the height of Z to.

Further: the top end of the supporting screw rod of the spiral top is provided with a section of conical column with the diameter gradually reduced, and the end face of the top end is a plane. Therefore, the clamping fixture can be matched with a round hole or a plane of a workpiece, clamping and positioning are facilitated, and the working efficiency of the clamping fixture is improved.

Further: the vertical compression bar is a double-head screw, the lower end of the vertical compression bar is connected with a screw hole in the base plate in a threaded fit manner, and the upper end of the vertical compression bar is connected with the screw hole in the base plate in a threaded fit manner

The pressing sheet is matched through screw threads. Therefore, the quick connection and height adjustment can be realized, and the work efficiency of the clamping tool is improved.

Further: the vertical compression bar is an elastic rod piece, and the lower end of the vertical compression bar is inserted into a screw hole on the substrate or inserted onto the substrate

Form clearance fit in the unthreaded hole; the preforming setting that has elasticity passes vertical depression bar and sets up on vertical depression bar through the mounting hole on the preforming in the upper end of vertical depression bar, forms clearance fit between mounting hole and the vertical depression bar upper end. Like this, elastic vertical depression bar and preforming produce the combined action, and these two parts form a combination, and depression bar and preforming all have elastic deformation, and between vertical depression bar and the base plate, all be clearance fit between preforming and the vertical depression bar, receive downward effort when compressing tightly, and this decurrent effort makes vertical depression bar produce certain slope, and the counter force conduction that vertical depression bar slope produced gives the preforming, and the preforming also correspondingly warp and produces elasticity, further compresses tightly on waiting to detect the work piece.

Further: the clearance of the clearance fit is more than 0 to within 0.5 mm. Such a range of clearance can be ensured

The pressing sheet can be pressed on the workpiece to be detected by generating deformation and elasticity.

Further: the connecting end of the pressing sheet is provided with a mounting hole, one end far away from the connecting end is provided with a pressing end,

and an arc sheet is arranged between the connecting end and the pressing end, and the bending direction of the arc sheet is the same as that of the pressing end. Therefore, after the elastic rod piece is inclined and generates the elastic force, the pressing piece can generate larger elastic deformation, and the pressing piece can be pressed on the workpiece to be detected with larger acting force.

Further: the arc-shaped sheet and the pressing end are bent downwards. Thus, the downward workpiece is deformed and the sheet is pressed

And the workpiece to be detected is pressed with larger acting force.

Further: the length of the threaded hole in the equal-height block is smaller than that of the sliding groove. The transverse threaded hole only needs a small section, so that the whole layout is convenient, and the fastening effect is generated.

In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. this device can be to the different location demands of equidimension spare part or setpoint interval not, through the linear displacement of adjusting high piece threaded hole position and spiral top in the spout on the base plate, and then realize different location demands linear flexible adjustment location in X, Y directions on a large scale fast.

2. This device can be to the location demand of Z to the difference, through the regulation of the flexible and preforming high position of spiral top, realizes Z fast and interior linear flexible location on a large scale.

3. The device can rapidly switch the clamping modes of different types of parts, ensures the maximum adaptation degree of the clamp and the parts, maximally utilizes the clamp resources, reduces the cost and improves the clamping efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general assembly schematic diagram of a clamping structure of the utility model;

FIG. 2-1, top view of an contour block structure; 2-2, assembly structure schematic diagram of equal height blocks and springs and studs;

2-3, the assembly structure of the equal-height block and the screw top is schematic;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a substrate according to the present invention;

FIG. 4-1, front view of the wafer structure; fig. 4-2, top view of the preform structure.

In the figure, 1-base plate, 2-equal-height blocks, 3-spiral top, 4-vertical compression bar, 5-pressing sheet, 6-spring, 7-stud, 51-mounting hole, 52-pressing end and 53-arc sheet.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the utility model refers to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the three-coordinate flexible clamping structure of the utility model comprises a substrate 1, wherein a plurality of screw holes are formed in the substrate 1 along the direction X, Y to form a plurality of rows of screw holes along the direction X, Y, and each row of screw holes is provided with a plurality of screw holes; the optimal structure is that the screw holes in each row are uniformly arranged at equal intervals to form screw holes which are arranged in a matrix at equal intervals. During installation, the base plate 1 is horizontally placed on an adapted measuring machine platform according to measurement requirements, the base plate is connected with the measuring machine platform through bolts (such as a marble platform), the specification of the bolts is matched with the size of a threaded hole in the measuring machine platform when the measuring machine platform leaves a factory, the bolts are screwed to exceed a platform bolt hole, and the base plate 1 is connected to the measuring machine platform after being fastened.

Three or more equal-height blocks 2 are arranged on a substrate 1, specifically, studs or bolts are adopted to position one ends of the equal-height blocks 2 on screw holes of the substrate 1, initial fastening is started, and after the accurate positions are determined, hot melt adhesive is adopted to fasten the other ends of the equal-height blocks 2.

The equal-height block 2 is sequentially provided with a section of threaded hole and a section of sliding groove from the end head along the length direction, the size of an inner cavity of the sliding groove is smaller than the diameter of the threaded hole, and the length of the threaded hole is smaller than that of the sliding groove. The stud 7 is engaged with the threaded hole, and rotates in the threaded hole to advance or retreat. The sliding grooves in the equal-height blocks 2 are T-shaped grooves or dovetail grooves and the like, springs 6 are arranged in the sliding grooves, and the springs 6 can be installed from the ends of the equal-height blocks 2, as shown in FIG. 2; the spiral top 3 which is correspondingly matched with the chute in shape is arranged in the chute and can slide in the chute, the front end of the spiral top 3 is contacted with one end of the spring 6, the rear end of the spiral top is contacted with the stud 7, and the stud 7 rotates forwards to push the spiral top 3 to move forwards in the chute; the front side and the rear side of the spiral top 3 are respectively provided with a spring 6 and a stud 7, and the stud 7 rotates to generate forward feeding amount limiting spiral top 3; after the stud 7 is reversely rotated and retreated, the spring 6 pushes the screw top 3 to retreat. Spiral top 3 includes base and supporting screw, base and spout cooperation, screw-thread fit between supporting screw and the base, through rotatory adjustable supporting screw in the height of Z to. The top end of the spiral top 3 is provided with a conical column with gradually reduced diameter, and the end surface of the top end is a plane. Three or more spiral tops 3 form three or more supporting points with adjustable height in the Z direction, and the supporting points are supported on the workpiece to be detected, so that the workpiece to be detected is limited in the direction X, Y.

The vertical compression bar 4 is arranged on the base plate 1, the specific structure in the figure is that the vertical compression bar 4 is inserted into a screw hole on the base plate 1, the upper end of the vertical compression bar 4 is provided with a transverse pressing sheet 5, and the pressing sheet 5 which can move in the height direction generates vertical compression acting force.

The first structure of vertical depression bar 4 is double threaded screw, and the lower extreme passes through screw-thread fit with the screw on the base plate 1 and is connected and form vertical member, and the upper end passes through screw-thread fit with preforming 5, and preforming 5 is through the rotation on vertical depression bar 4 and adjust Z to the height, compresses tightly on waiting to detect the work piece.

The second structure of the vertical compression bar 4 is an elastic rod piece, the lower end of the vertical compression bar 4 is inserted into a screw hole on the substrate 1, or a plurality of unthreaded holes are formed in the substrate, so that the lower end of the vertical compression bar 4 is conveniently inserted into the unthreaded holes on the substrate 1 to form clearance fit; namely, a gap is arranged between the lower end of the vertical compression bar 4 and the screw hole or the unthreaded hole of the substrate 1, and the range of the gap is more than 0-0.5 mm; the pressing sheet 5 with elasticity is arranged at the upper end of the vertical pressing rod 4, the mounting hole 51 on the pressing sheet 5 penetrates through the vertical pressing rod 4 to be arranged on the vertical pressing rod 4, a clearance fit is formed between the mounting hole 51 and the upper end of the vertical pressing rod 4, and the range of the clearance is more than 0-0.5 mm. The vertical compression bar 4 and the pressing sheet 5 are usually made of aluminum alloy materials, have certain elasticity, and meet the requirements on strength and rigidity.

According to the second structure, the elastic vertical compression bar 4 and the pressing sheet 5 generate combined action, the compression bar and the pressing sheet are both in elastic deformation, the vertical compression bar 4 and the base plate 1 and the pressing sheet 5 and the vertical compression bar 4 are in clearance fit, and are subjected to downward acting force during pressing, the downward acting force enables the vertical compression bar 4 to generate certain inclination, the reverse acting force generated by the inclination of the vertical compression bar 4 is transmitted to the pressing sheet 5, and the pressing sheet 5 is correspondingly deformed to generate elastic force to further press the pressing sheet on a workpiece to be detected.

In fig. 4, the connecting end of the pressing sheet 5 of the present invention is provided with a mounting hole 51, and the mounting hole 51 penetrates through the vertical pressing rod 4 to form clearance fit with the upper end of the vertical pressing rod 4; the pressing end is arranged at one end, far away from the connecting end, of the pressing sheet 5, the pressing end head 52 is arranged, an arc-shaped sheet 53 is arranged between the connecting end and the pressing end, namely between the mounting hole 51 and the pressing end head 52, the bending directions of the arc-shaped sheet 53 and the pressing end head 52 are the same, namely the arc-shaped sheet 53 and the pressing end head 52 are bent towards the lower part in the figure, and the workpiece to be detected towards the lower part is bent. The structure of the pressing sheet 5 is matched with the vertical pressing rod 4 and is in clearance fit, the reverse acting force generated by the inclination of the vertical pressing rod 4 is transmitted to the pressing sheet 5, the pressing sheet 5 is correspondingly deformed to generate elastic force, the arc-shaped sheet 53 is correspondingly deformed, and the pressing end 52 generates downward acting force to be further pressed on a workpiece to be detected.

According to the clamping structure, three or more equal-height blocks are fixed on the substrate, and the spiral top is connected to the equal-height blocks on the substrate, so that a three-point supporting and limiting principle is formed; aiming at different sizes and structures of clamping elements of a workpiece to be detected, for a hole-type workpiece, a conical column on a spiral top is preferentially adopted for limiting; for a plane workpiece, the plane on the end surface of the top end is directly adopted for supporting, but at least one limiting hole adopts a conical cylinder to determine X, Y zero point. And after the limiting of the workpiece to be detected on the XY plane is completed, pressing the workpiece to be detected along the Z direction by using a pressing sheet, and completing clamping.

The clamping structure of the utility model can also be used for flexible expansion: aiming at different workpiece types or different application scenes, the application expanding method comprises the following steps:

scene 1: the distance between the positioning points is increased immediately when the small parts are switched to the large parts for detection, the threaded fastening positions of the equal-height blocks on the substrate need to be changed, the three-point positioning distance is enlarged from the source, and meanwhile, the positions of the points are marked and directly assembled for use when the next batch replacement is carried out.

Scene 2: the linear adjustment on the XY plane requires the screw to be pushed against the sliding groove to slide in order to adapt to different distances of workpieces, and after the sliding position is determined, the stud 7 is adopted for fastening to determine the specific position. Linear expansion under a specific angle is realized. If the linear expansion is not enough, the equal-height blocks need to be swung, and the two-dimensional linear adjustment in the XY plane is realized.

Scene 3: in the Z direction, the Z direction sizes of the 3 positioning holes are different, and the supporting screw rod of the spiral top needs to be adjusted. If the Z-direction requirement exceeds the spiral adjusting stroke, equal-height blocks are required to be superposed below the spiral top, the equal-height blocks are still connected through a stud, and then the spiral top is adjusted.

Scene 4: aiming at different parts, different positioning distances and X, Y, Z relative positions need to be met at the same time, and at the same time, the adjusting methods in the

scenes

1, 2 and 3 need to be linked at the same time, so that the clamping requirement can be met.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned examples of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications can be made based on the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a flexible clamping structure of three coordinates, includes base plate (1), be provided with a plurality of screw holes along the X, Y direction on base plate (1), its characterized in that: three or more equal-height blocks (2) are arranged on the substrate (1); the equal-height block (2) is sequentially provided with a section of threaded hole and a section of sliding groove from the end head along the length direction, and the size of the inner cavity of the sliding groove is smaller than the diameter of the threaded hole; a spring (6) is arranged in the sliding chute, and a spiral top (3) which is correspondingly matched with the sliding chute in shape is arranged in the sliding chute and can slide in the sliding chute; the stud (7) is matched with the threaded hole and rotates in the threaded hole to move forward or backward; the front side and the rear side of the spiral top (3) are respectively provided with a spring (6) and a stud (7); a vertical compression bar (4) is arranged on the base plate (1), a transverse pressing sheet (5) is arranged at the upper end of the vertical compression bar (4), and the pressing sheet (5) capable of moving in the height direction generates a vertical pressing acting force.

2. The three-coordinate flexible clamping structure according to claim 1, wherein: the sliding grooves of the equal-height blocks (2) are T-shaped grooves or dovetail grooves.

3. The three-coordinate flexible clamping structure according to claim 2, wherein: the spiral top (3) comprises a base and a supporting screw rod, the base is matched with the sliding groove, the supporting screw rod is in threaded fit with the base, and the height of the supporting screw rod in the Z direction can be adjusted by rotating.

4. A three-dimensional flexible clamping structure according to claim 3, wherein: the top end of the supporting screw rod of the spiral top (3) is provided with a section of tapered column with gradually reduced diameter, and the end surface of the top end is a plane.

5. A three-dimensional flexible clamping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the vertical pressure

The rod (4) is a double-thread screw, the lower end of the rod is connected with a screw hole in the base plate (1) in a thread fit mode, and the upper end of the rod is matched with the pressing plate (5) in a thread fit mode.

6. A three-dimensional flexible clamping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the vertical pressure

The rod (4) is an elastic rod piece, and the lower end of the rod is inserted into a screw hole on the substrate (1) or a light hole on the substrate (1) to form clearance fit; the preforming (5) that has elasticity sets up in the upper end of vertical depression bar (4), passes vertical depression bar (4) and sets up on vertical depression bar (4) through mounting hole (51) on preforming (5), forms clearance fit between mounting hole (51) and vertical depression bar (4) upper end.

7. The three-coordinate flexible clamping structure according to claim 6, wherein: the clearance fit chamber

The gap is more than 0 to 0.5 mm.

8. The three-coordinate flexible clamping structure according to claim 6, wherein: the pressing sheet (5) is provided,

the connecting end of the device is provided with a mounting hole (51), the end far away from the connecting end is provided with a pressing end head (52), an arc-shaped sheet (53) is arranged between the connecting end and the pressing end head (52), and the bending directions of the arc-shaped sheet (53) and the pressing end head (52) are the same.

9. A three-dimensional flexible clamping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the equal-height blocks

(2) The length of the threaded hole is smaller than that of the sliding chute.

10. The three-coordinate flexible clamping structure according to claim 6, wherein: the vertical compression bar (4) and the pressing sheet (5) are made of aluminum alloy materials.