CN216617485U - Fine differential pressure regulating and controlling device suitable for gas injection process - Google Patents
Fine differential pressure regulating and controlling device suitable for gas injection process Download PDFInfo
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- CN216617485U CN216617485U CN202122734398.XU CN202122734398U CN216617485U CN 216617485 U CN216617485 U CN 216617485U CN 202122734398 U CN202122734398 U CN 202122734398U CN 216617485 U CN216617485 U CN 216617485U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fine differential pressure regulating device suitable for a gas injection process, which comprises the following components: a low-pressure buffer tank and a high-pressure buffer tank; the compressor cluster is connected between the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank; the compressor cluster comprises a plurality of high-pressure gas compressors connected in parallel; the master controller comprises a PLC and is connected with the compressor cluster, the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank. The utility model utilizes the characteristic of small displacement of the miniature high-pressure gas compressor, and adopts a device-based cluster assembly and intelligent control mode to realize accurate control of output gas.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of oilfield development, in particular to a fine pressure difference regulating and controlling device suitable for a gas injection process.
Background
The gas has the characteristic of low seepage resistance, can easily enter compact rock pores, and has obvious advantages in oil displacement development of oil reservoirs with low seepage, ultra-low seepage and the like. At present, gas injection technology is gradually popularized and applied in various types of oil reservoirs in China, and higher requirements are put forward on the gas injection technology.
The main device of the gas injection process is a high-pressure gas compressor, and gas can enter an oil layer after reaching or exceeding the injection pressure of the stratum. The initial pressure of the gas is usually low, the pressure of the reinjected hydrocarbon gas is between 0.1 and 3MPa, and the nitrogen-driven gas source is usually purified from air and has the pressure (P1) between 0.1 and 0.8 MPa. In water flooding development, the seepage pressure at the oil layer position can be judged through the water flooding pressure and the well depth. For example, if the well depth is 1000m and the pressure at the wellhead of the water injection is 10MPa, the seepage pressure (P3) at the oil reservoir site is 20 MPa. If gas (such as nitrogen) with the same volume (underground volume) is injected into the well, the gas density is less than that of water, and the gas density is greatly influenced by pressure, so that the wellhead pressure (P2) during gas injection is 15-20 MPa, namely the outlet pressure of the high-pressure gas compressor reaches 15-20 MPa. The site nodal pressure of the gas injection process is shown in FIG. 1.
In both stages of gas injection scheme design and implementation, there is usually a problem of compatibility of the equipment (high pressure gas compressor). For example: design gas injection quantity 10000Nm3D, the performance of the matched high-pressure gas compressor model can meet 10000Nm3Injection capability of/d.
The model of a high-pressure gas compressor commonly used in the existing gas injection technology generally meets 5000-20000 Nm3Capacity of/d displacement, and large market application amount. Less than 5000Nm3The model market of the/d is rare, the model needs to be customized generally, the processing cost of the model is not greatly different from that of the model with large discharge capacity, and therefore the cost performance is low.
The size of a compression cylinder is designed according to the displacement of a common high-pressure gas compressor, although a frequency conversion device is designed in a control system, the regulation and control interval of the high-pressure gas compressor is usually narrow, and the design of a scheme for randomly regulating the gas injection quantity cannot be met. For example: exhaust gas volume 10000Nm3The displacement range of the frequency modulation interval of the compressor is 8000-10000 Nm3And d is between. I.e., a displacement of 10000Nm3The compressor of/d can not meet the requirement that the injection amount is less than 8000Nm3The injection design of/d needs to change the model, which increases the difficulty of engineering implementation.
The following disadvantages also exist in conventional gas injection processes: 1. when gas injection is started, the pressure impact on parts such as pipelines and valves in the system flow is large; 2. when abnormal conditions such as blockage exist, the injection pressure is increased quickly, the safety risk is high, and the monitoring requirement is high. Obviously, this drawback is related to the displacement characteristics of the compressor.
The analysis shows that the large discharge capacity and the high pressure difference are the root causes that the conventional high-pressure gas compressor cannot realize stable gas injection at present, and the implementation effect of the gas injection technology is influenced. Namely, the conventional high-pressure gas compressor cannot realize stable gas injection and is limited by the large displacement and high pressure difference of the conventional high-pressure gas compressor.
In summary, the following problems exist in the prior art: the conventional high-pressure gas compressor cannot realize stable gas injection.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a gas injection device, which is also called a fine pressure difference regulation and control device suitable for a gas injection process, namely a fine pressure difference regulation and control intelligent device suitable for the gas injection process.
To this end, the present invention provides a fine pressure difference regulating device suitable for a gas injection process, comprising:
a low-pressure buffer tank and a high-pressure buffer tank;
the compressor cluster is connected between the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank; the compressor cluster comprises a plurality of high-pressure gas compressors connected in parallel;
the master controller comprises a PLC and is connected with the compressor cluster, the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank.
Further, the models of the high-pressure gas compressors are the same.
Further, the number of the high-pressure gas compressors is n, and the full-rated total output of the n high-pressure gas compressors connected in parallel is not lower than 1.5 times of the design amount.
Further, the fine pressure difference regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process further comprises: and the nitrogen making machine is connected with the low-pressure buffer tank.
Further, the fine pressure difference regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process further comprises: the number of the high-pressure buffer tanks is multiple, and the high-pressure buffer tanks are connected in parallel.
Furthermore, each high-pressure gas compressor adopts a four-stage compression pump head structure, power is provided by a motor, and the working voltage is 380V.
Further, under the engineering design requirements of 1000Nm3/d daily gas injection amount and 10MPa bottom hole seepage pressure, the fine differential pressure regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process comprises: 11 high-pressure gas compressors with the displacement of 100L/min.
Further, under the engineering design requirements of 1000Nm3/d daily gas injection amount and 10MPa bottom hole seepage pressure, the fine differential pressure regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process comprises: 7 high-pressure gas compressors with the displacement of 200L/min.
Further, the master controller further comprises: and the display screen is connected with the PLC.
Further, the master controller further comprises: and the control key is connected with the PLC.
The utility model has the following effects:
1. the utility model is suitable for fine pressure difference regulation and control of an oil field development gas injection process, utilizes the characteristic of small discharge capacity of a miniature high-pressure gas compressor, and adopts a device-based cluster assembly and intelligent control mode to realize the precise control of the output gas quantity;
2. the utility model discloses a device-based cluster equipment and intelligent control method realize the minimum consumption drive under the best discharge capacity condition, and automated control has improved whole security performance. One problem with many small displacement devices is that they are safe and easy to control, and are subject to little damage due to small displacement. Relatively speaking, large displacement devices have problems, slow evacuation and high pressure (large gas storage capacity) resulting in large potential safety hazards.
3. The device has the advantages of small volume, low price, convenient installation, simple operation and maintenance and obvious advantages.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the node pressure at the location of the gas injection process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the gas injection effect of the cluster gas injection method compared with the conventional method;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1. a nitrogen making machine; 2. a high pressure gas compressor; 4. a wellhead assembly; 6. a parameter module; 7. a membrane type nitrogen making machine; 8. A low-pressure buffer tank; 9. a master controller; 10. a compressor cluster; 11. a high-pressure buffer tank; 91. a display screen; 93. a control key; 81. a gas supply low pressure line; 19. a high pressure line; 21. a four-stage compression pump head; 22. a motor; y1, compressor 1; yn, compressor n; 23. and (3) an oil layer.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. Principle of method
The utility model is provided for the requirements of small gas injection displacement and fine pressure difference control. In industry, the required power of all the components of the device is matched, and on the premise of meeting the design, the modes of parallel connection, series connection and the like of parts are reduced so as to obtain the integral stability.
Taking water injection as an example, the water injection amount is designed to be 40m3And d, the injection pressure is 20 MPa. The number of the water injection pumps which are usually matched is 1, the working pressure is 0-30 MPa, and the flow is 20-60 m3And d. If 2 parallel water injection devices are designed, the working pressure is 0-30 MPa, and the single flow is 15-30 m3And d. The above injection target could be achieved theoretically, but because of the small compressibility of water (compression factor of 4.5X 10 at 20 ℃ C. under normal pressure)-4and/MPa), the interference between the two injection pumps can occur when the difference of the output pressures of the 2 devices is slightly large (for example, 0.1MPa), so that frequent electric frequency fluctuation is generated, and the power loss is increased.
Under the conditions of room temperature and normal pressure, the gas compression coefficient is about 1, and the compressibility is strong and far exceeds the compressibility of water. The gas pressure at the output position of the 2 gas compressors connected in parallel is almost equal, namely the plunger motion of the cylinder body of the 2 gas compressors is always in a balanced state, and the power is consistent with that of a single compressor in operation. The good linear relation between the number of the compressors and the air displacement lays a good foundation for the device assembly.
The micro gas compressor is easier to realize in frequency conversion operation and has low loss.
In order to design the injection amount, the accumulated gas injection amount is usually used as a main assessment index and the instantaneous flow rate is used as an auxiliary index in a conventional mode. Satisfies equation 1:
in the formula: vTAnd VCDesigning gas injection amount for the accumulated gas injection amount and the scheme respectively;
VI、Vminand VmaxAverage injection velocity, minimum and maximum injection velocity, respectively;
PIand PForehead (forehead)Average power and rated power, respectively.
After the device clustering mode is adopted, the accumulated gas injection amount and the instantaneous flow are main assessment indexes. Satisfies equation 2:
in the formula: vxi、VxminAnd VxmaxThe average injection speed, the minimum injection speed and the maximum injection speed of a single compressor are respectively set;
Viand n is the total injection speed (injection amount) of n compressors and the number of compressors;
Piand PxiThe total power of the n compressors and the rated power of the single compressor are respectively.
The actual measurement result shows that: the injection speed fluctuation amplitude of the conventional mode is larger than the sum of the injection speed fluctuation amplitudes of the n compressors, and the power is the same rule. As shown in equation (3) and fig. 3:
the development of the automatic control technology and the network technology also ensures the implementation of the device-based cluster assembly and intelligent control, thereby realizing the fine pressure difference regulation and control on the gas injection process.
2. Device structure
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the core of the intelligent device of the present invention is a compressor cluster 10 and a (PLC) master controller 9, which combine a low pressure buffer tank 8, a low pressure gas supply pipeline 81, a high pressure pipeline 19, a high pressure buffer tank 11, etc. to realize the output of high pressure gas.
In fig. 4, the compressors are of the same type, and the compressors 1Y1 and nYn are of the same structure, size and performance, and taking the compressor 1 as an example, the parameters are as follows: c 1: inlet pressure in MPa; c 2: compressor pump head temperature in units; c 3: outlet pressure in MPa; c 4: operating current, unit a; c 5: compressor ambient temperature warning, unit ℃.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the fine pressure difference controlling apparatus for a gas injection process according to the present invention includes:
a low-pressure buffer tank and a high-pressure buffer tank;
the compressor cluster is connected between the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank; the compressor cluster comprises a plurality of high-pressure gas compressors 2 connected in parallel; the high-pressure gas compressor 2 has an output pressure of 5MPa or more, for example, 10MPa, 20MPa, 2510MPa, 30MPa, 35MPa, 40 MPa.
The main controller comprises a PLC, is connected with the compressor cluster, the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank, receives parameter information of the compressor cluster, the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank, and controls starting and working of the compressor cluster.
Further, each of the high pressure gas compressors is of the same type for modular handling and operation.
Further, the number of the high-pressure gas compressors is n, and the full-rated total output of the n high-pressure gas compressors connected in parallel is not lower than 1.5 times of the design amount. So that the single machine has enough time to naturally cool and tolerate a certain damage rate.
Furthermore, each high-pressure gas compressor (single machine) adopts a structure of a four-stage compression pump head 21, and is powered by a motor 22, and the working voltage is 380V, so that the high-pressure gas compressor is suitable for industrial application.
Further, under the engineering design requirements of 1000Nm3/d daily gas injection amount and 10MPa bottom hole seepage pressure, the fine differential pressure regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process comprises: 11 high-pressure gas compressors with the displacement of 100L/min.
Further, under the engineering design requirements of 1000Nm3/d daily gas injection amount and 10MPa bottom hole seepage pressure, the fine differential pressure regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process comprises: 7 high-pressure gas compressors with the displacement of 200L/min.
The compressor cluster is connected in parallel between the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank, the air inlet is connected with the outlet of the low-pressure buffer tank, and the pressure is not more than 1.2 MPa. The air outlet is connected with the outlet of the high-pressure buffer tank, the pressure is designed pressure, and the highest pressure is the highest working pressure of the compressor.
Each compressor adopts the structure of four-stage compression pump heads, and the motor provides power and has the voltage of 380V, which is matched with industrial application conditions. The number of the compressors can be comprehensively considered by combining factors such as total displacement, control pressure difference precision, total power consumption and purchase cost. 1000Nm in daily gas injection (nitrogen)3The flow rate of a single micro gas high-pressure compressor is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 micro gas high pressure compressor parameters
Note: and setting the compressor with the displacement less than 1000L/min as a micro compressor.
According to the existing conventional engineering design idea, the machine type with the displacement of 900 or 1000L/min is most suitable, and a single machine meets the displacement requirement.
The cluster type modular design of the utility model adopts the following principles:
fine control requirements; secondly, the number of the modularized single machines is accumulated in a parallel connection mode, and the total full output quantity is not less than 1.5 times of the design quantity; the principle ensures that the single machine has sufficient time to naturally cool and tolerate a certain damage rate; thirdly, adopting the same model type; the complexity of the equipment is reduced, and the high efficiency of control is highlighted.
The method highlights the simplification principle of industrial application, and realizes high-precision control on the basis of reducing the complexity of equipment. The design is carried out according to the principle:
scheme 1: the discharge capacity is 100L/min, 11 models; the average working time is 16 h; the control precision is 0.01 MPa;
scheme 2: the discharge capacity is 200L/min, 7 models; the average working time is 12 h; the control precision is 0.02 MPa;
(PLC) master controller, including PLC, for example using: siemens CPU1212ADR
The (PLC) master controller, as shown in fig. 4, monitors signals including:
c 1: inlet pressure, maximum fluctuation amplitude 0.5 MPa; c 2: the temperature of a pump head of the compressor is not more than 150 ℃; c 3: outlet pressure, maximum fluctuation amplitude 0.1 MPa; c 4: working current is not greater than the maximum current 2/3, and the maximum fluctuation amplitude is 0.5A; c 5: the ambient temperature of the compressor is preferably 0-50 ℃.
Further, the master controller further comprises: and a display screen 91 connected to the PLC.
Further, the master controller further comprises: and a control key 93 connected to the PLC.
The control of PLC master controller includes:
firstly, displaying and controlling parameters of an air supply source;
secondly, displaying and controlling working parameters of the module compressor: the program can adopt the modes of working in uniform time, distributing working time according to output pressure, regulating and controlling working hours according to temperature parameters of the compressor and the like;
thirdly, outputting high-pressure gas parameter display and control: adjusting the number and duration of working compressors according to the pressure fluctuation condition;
warning and reminding: reminding of temperature and pressure overrun; compressor damage alerts, etc.;
safety emergency stop: the emergency stop device has two modes of automatic safety emergency stop and manual emergency stop buttons.
Further, the fine pressure difference regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process further comprises: and the nitrogen generator 1 is connected with the low-pressure buffer tank 8 to realize underground injection of nitrogen. The nitrogen generator is, for example, a membrane nitrogen generator 7, and is suitable for downhole gas injection.
The high-pressure buffer tank is a high-pressure resistant steel container, and the pressure resistance of the high-pressure buffer tank is matched with the highest design pressure. The pressure resistance is 40MPa, and a standard gas high-pressure tank of 30L can meet the requirement. In order to ensure that the pressure fluctuation of the output gas accords with the design precision, the total volume of the high-pressure buffer tank can be amplified in parallel. Further, the fine pressure difference regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process further comprises: the number of the high-pressure buffer tanks is multiple, and the high-pressure buffer tanks are connected in parallel. In an embodiment, 4 buffer tanks up to 0.12Nm in volume may be used3In the extreme case that 7 compressors are started or stopped simultaneously within 1s, the pressure fluctuation is less than 0.005 MPa.
3. Working process
The workflow is as shown in fig. 2. Taking the nitrogen injection at the ground as an example, the daily gas injection rate is 1000Nm3The bottom hole seepage pressure is 10MPa, and the designed injection pressure is not higher than 25 MPa.
(1) In addition to the compressor, other line connections may be made according to conventional gas injection processes. Namely: the membrane type nitrogen making machine produces low-pressure and high-purity nitrogen; after the high-pressure nitrogen is treated by the modularized compressor cluster, high-pressure nitrogen is produced; and injected into a downhole reservoir 23 via the wellhead 4.
(2) Scheme selection
With scheme 1: the discharge capacity is 100L/min, 11 models; the average working time is 16 h; the control precision is 0.01 MPa;
1 low-pressure buffer tank with pressure resistance of 3MPa, working pressure of 0.8MPa and volume of 0.3Nm3;
4 high-pressure buffer tanks with pressure resistance of 40MPa, working pressure of not higher than 35MPa and total volume of 0.12Nm3;
(3) Gas injection operation
Operating the membrane type nitrogen making machine, and starting a compressor cluster after the produced nitrogen meets the purity requirement (99%) and the pressure of the low-pressure buffer tank is greater than 0.5 MPa;
the PLC master controller intelligently controls the operation of the modular compressor (compressor cluster), and when the pressure of the high-pressure buffer tank is 10MPa greater than the bottom hole seepage pressure, a well head valve of an injection well is opened, namely gas enters a shaft;
when the pressure in the shaft does not rise basically, the gas can enter the oil layer, and the pressure of the injected well head is usually within the range of 15-20 MPa.
Observing display parameters of the PLC main controller, and if the injection is kept in a stable state for more than 20min, considering that the injection process meets the requirements; if the fluctuation is too large, the information such as warning and the like exists, the reasons can be checked in sequence.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In order that the components of the present invention may be combined without conflict, it is intended that all equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fine pressure difference regulating device suitable for a gas injection process, comprising:
a low-pressure buffer tank and a high-pressure buffer tank;
the compressor cluster is connected between the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank; the compressor cluster comprises a plurality of high-pressure gas compressors connected in parallel;
the master controller comprises a PLC and is connected with the compressor cluster, the low-pressure buffer tank and the high-pressure buffer tank.
2. The fine pressure differential regulation device suitable for a gas injection process of claim 1, wherein each of the high pressure gas compressors is the same type.
3. The fine pressure difference regulating device suitable for a gas injection process of claim 2, wherein the number of the high-pressure gas compressors is n, and the total full output of the n parallel high-pressure gas compressors is not less than 1.5 times of the design amount.
4. The fine pressure difference regulating device suitable for a gas injection process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the high pressure buffer tanks is plural, and the plural high pressure buffer tanks are connected in parallel.
5. The fine pressure difference regulating device for a gas injection process according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: and the nitrogen making machine is connected with the low-pressure buffer tank.
6. The fine pressure difference regulating device suitable for the gas injection process according to claim 2, wherein each high-pressure gas compressor adopts a four-stage compression pump head structure, is powered by a motor, and has an operating voltage of 380V.
7. The fine pressure difference control device for gas injection process according to claim 2, wherein the gas injection amount per day is 1000Nm3And d, under the engineering design requirement of bottom hole seepage pressure of 10MPa, the fine differential pressure regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process comprises: 11 high-pressure gas compressors with the displacement of 100L/min.
8. The fine pressure difference control device for gas injection process according to claim 2, wherein the gas injection amount per day is 1000Nm3And d, under the engineering design requirement of bottom hole seepage pressure of 10MPa, the fine differential pressure regulating and controlling device suitable for the gas injection process comprises: 7 high-pressure gas compressors with the displacement of 200L/min.
9. The fine pressure differential manipulation apparatus suitable for use in a gas injection process of claim 1, wherein the master controller further comprises: and the display screen is connected with the PLC.
10. The fine pressure differential manipulation apparatus suitable for use in a gas injection process of claim 1, wherein the master controller further comprises: and the control key is connected with the PLC.
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