CN216616919U - Masonry plastering control device - Google Patents
Masonry plastering control device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN216616919U CN216616919U CN202122903351.1U CN202122903351U CN216616919U CN 216616919 U CN216616919 U CN 216616919U CN 202122903351 U CN202122903351 U CN 202122903351U CN 216616919 U CN216616919 U CN 216616919U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- baffle
- masonry
- holes
- positioning
- dam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a masonry plastering control device, which is characterized in that the vertical position of a positioning piece is adjusted to adjust the distance between the bottom elevation of a plaster cutter and the bottom elevation of the positioning piece, namely the mortar joint thickness, the lower end of a left baffle and the lower end of a right baffle are respectively attached to the left side surface and the right side surface of a building block, the positioning piece is abutted against the top surface of the building block, mortar is placed on the top surface of the building block and positioned among the left baffle, the right baffle, a front baffle and a rear baffle, the plaster cutter is pushed in the front-back direction to level the mortar, and the mortar is accurate in thickness and full by the method. The masonry plastering control device can improve the mortar joint quality and the masonry efficiency, is simple and convenient to use so as to ensure that the requirement of efficient construction is met, has the advantages of ingenious design, simple structure, simplicity and convenience in manufacture and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to the technical field of masonry plastering, and specifically relates to a masonry plastering control device.
Background
The building engineering is an engineering entity which performs various technical works and completions such as planning, surveying, designing, constructing, completing and the like for newly building, reconstructing or extending building buildings and affiliated structures and installation engineering of lines, pipelines and equipment matched with the engineering entity.
The masonry engineering is also called masonry engineering, and refers to an engineering for building ordinary clay bricks, load-bearing clay hollow bricks, autoclaved sand-lime bricks, fly ash bricks, various small and medium-sized building blocks, stones and other materials in the building engineering. The method comprises the following steps of building bricks, stones, building blocks, light wallboards and other materials, and also comprises the content of the requirements of the brick and the masonry such as the building bricks, the stones, the building blocks and the like on the building materials, the building technology, the quality requirements, the prevention and treatment measures of common quality diseases and the like.
The masonry method of the brick masonry comprises a three-in-one brick laying method, a slurry extruding method, a slurry scraping method and a full-mouth ash method. Among them, the "three-in-one" bricking method and the squeezing method are most commonly used.
The 'three-one' bricklaying method comprises the following steps: namely a masonry method of one brick, one shoveling ash, one rolling and pressing and scraping the extruded mortar at will. The advantages of the masonry method are as follows: the mortar joint is easy to be full, the cohesiveness is good, and the wall surface is clean and tidy. Therefore, the solid brick masonry is preferably made by a 'three-in-one' brick laying method. In the field masonry process, the thickness and the fullness degree of mortar directly influence the quality of masonry engineering.
It is therefore desirable to provide a masonry plastering control apparatus which can improve mortar joint quality and masonry efficiency, and which is simple and convenient to use to ensure that the requirements for efficient construction are met.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a masonry plastering control device which can improve mortar joint quality and masonry efficiency, is simple and convenient to use, meets the requirement of efficient construction and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
The utility model also aims to provide a masonry plastering control device which is ingenious in design, simple in structure, simple and convenient to manufacture, low in cost and suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a masonry plastering control device, which is characterized by comprising a left baffle, a right baffle, a front baffle, a rear baffle, a plaster cutter and a positioning piece, wherein:
the left baffle and the right baffle are vertically arranged, are arranged along the front-back direction and are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction, and the distance between the left baffle and the right baffle is the width of the building block;
the ash knife is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction and is positioned between the left baffle and the right baffle, and the left side and the right side of the ash knife are movably arranged in the right side surface of the left baffle and the left side surface of the right baffle along the front-back direction respectively;
the front baffle and the rear baffle are vertically arranged, are arranged along the left-right direction and are arranged at intervals along the front-back direction, the front baffle is positioned on the ash knife and is positioned between the front end of the right side surface of the left baffle and the front end of the left side surface of the right baffle and is respectively connected with the front end of the right side surface of the left baffle and the front end of the left side surface of the right baffle, and the rear baffle is positioned on the ash knife and is positioned between the rear end of the right side surface of the left baffle and the rear end of the left side surface of the right baffle and is respectively connected with the rear end of the right side surface of the left baffle and the rear end of the left side surface of the right baffle;
setting element level setting is located under the grey sword, the figure of setting element is more than 3, more than 3 the setting element all is located same horizontal plane and can dismantle the connection respectively left side baffle with right side baffle and the adjustable setting of vertical position.
Preferably, the distance between the front baffle and the rear baffle is the length of the building block.
Preferably, a left guide groove is formed in the right side face of the left baffle plate along the front-back direction, a notch of the left guide groove is arranged towards the right, and the left side of the ash knife is movably arranged in the left guide groove along the front-back direction.
Preferably, a right guide groove is formed in the left side face of the right baffle plate along the front-back direction, a groove opening of the right guide groove is formed towards the left, and the right side of the ash knife is movably arranged in the right guide groove along the front-back direction.
Preferably, masonry plastering controlling means still includes vertical round of hole, vertical round of hole includes a plurality of locating holes, and is a plurality of the locating hole is all followed left right side direction sets up and vertical mutual interval sets up, the setting element is followed left right side direction sets up and follows left right side direction inserts and establishes in one of them of vertical round of hole in the locating hole, the figure of vertical round of hole with the figure of setting element the same, vertical round of hole sets up respectively in left side baffle with the right side baffle, the setting element with vertical round of hole one-to-one sets up.
Preferably, the positioning member is an adjusting screw, the positioning holes are adjusting screw holes, and the positioning member is inserted into and threadedly engaged with one of the positioning holes along the left-right direction.
Preferably, the number of the positioning pieces is 4, and the 4 positioning pieces are detachably connected with the front end and the rear end of the left baffle and the front end and the rear end of the right baffle respectively.
Preferably, the masonry plastering control device further comprises a fixing support and a dust hopper, the fixing support is arranged at the rear end of the left baffle and the rear end of the right baffle, the dust hopper is mounted on the fixing support, the upper end of the dust hopper is a feeding hole, the lower end of the dust hopper is a discharging hole, and the discharging hole is located above a position between the rear end of the left baffle and the rear end of the right baffle.
Preferably, the ash bucket is obliquely arranged along the front-back direction, the lower end of the ash bucket is in front, and the upper end of the ash bucket is at the back.
Preferably, the masonry plastering control device further comprises a push-pull handle, and the push-pull handle is positioned in front of the plaster cutter and connected with the plaster cutter.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. the masonry plastering control device provided by the utility model adjusts the distance between the bottom elevation of the plaster cutter and the bottom elevation of the positioning piece, namely the plaster seam thickness, through adjusting the vertical position of the positioning piece, the lower end of the left baffle and the lower end of the right baffle are respectively attached to the left side surface and the right side surface of the building block, the positioning piece is abutted against the top surface of the building block, the mortar is placed on the top surface of the building block and positioned among the left baffle, the right baffle, the front baffle and the rear baffle, and the mortar is leveled by pushing the plaster cutter in the front-back direction.
2. The masonry plastering control device adjusts the distance between the bottom elevation of the plaster cutter and the bottom elevation of the positioning piece, namely the plaster seam thickness, through adjusting the vertical position of the positioning piece, the lower end of the left baffle and the lower end of the right baffle are respectively attached to the left side surface and the right side surface of the building block, the positioning piece is abutted against the top surface of the building block, mortar is placed on the top surface of the building block and is positioned among the left baffle, the right baffle, the front baffle and the rear baffle, and the mortar is leveled by pushing the plaster cutter in the front-back direction.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of a masonry plastering control apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the assembly of the left baffle, the right baffle, and the front baffle of the particular embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the assembly of the left and right guards, the front guard, the gray knife and the push pull handle of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of the assembly of the left baffle, the front baffle, the gray knife and the positioning member of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 in use.
(symbol description)
1, a left baffle; 2, a right baffle plate; 3, a front baffle; 4, a rear baffle plate; 5, lime cutting; 6, positioning parts; 7, a right guide groove; 8, vertical hole arrangement; 9, positioning holes; 10 fixing a bracket; 11 an ash hopper; 12 push-pull handles; 13 building blocks; 14 mortar.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the technical contents of the present invention, the following examples are given in detail.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a masonry plastering control device includes a left baffle 1, a right baffle 2, a front baffle 3, a rear baffle 4, a plaster knife 5 and a positioning member 6, wherein:
the left baffle 1 and the right baffle 2 are both vertically arranged and are both arranged along the front-back direction and are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction, and the distance between the left baffle 1 and the right baffle 2 is the width of a building block 13 (see fig. 5);
the ash knife 5 is horizontally arranged and arranged along the front-back direction and is positioned between the left baffle plate 1 and the right baffle plate 2, and the left side and the right side of the ash knife 5 are movably arranged in the right side surface of the left baffle plate 1 and the left side surface of the right baffle plate 2 along the front-back direction respectively;
the front baffle 3 and the rear baffle 4 are vertically arranged, are arranged along the left-right direction and are arranged at intervals along the front-back direction, the front baffle 3 is positioned on the ash knife 5 and is positioned between the front end of the right side surface of the left baffle 1 and the front end of the left side surface of the right baffle 2 and is respectively connected with the front end of the right side surface of the left baffle 1 and the front end of the left side surface of the right baffle 2, and the rear baffle 4 is positioned on the ash knife 5 and is positioned between the rear end of the right side surface of the left baffle 1 and the rear end of the left side surface of the right baffle 2 and is respectively connected with the rear end of the right side surface of the left baffle 1 and the rear end of the left side surface of the right baffle 2;
6 horizontal settings of setting element are located under the ash sword 5, 6 figure of setting element is more than 3, more than 3 the setting element 6 all is located same horizontal plane and can dismantle the connection respectively left side baffle 1 with right side baffle 2 and the adjustable setting of vertical position.
With the above arrangement, the rectangular frame body formed by the left baffle 1, the right baffle 2, the front baffle 3 and the rear baffle 4 and slightly larger than the building block 13 enables mortar 14 (see fig. 5) for building not to leak outside in the frame body.
The distance between the front baffle 3 and the rear baffle 4 can be determined according to the requirement, and in a specific embodiment of the utility model, the distance between the front baffle 3 and the rear baffle 4 is the length of the building block 13.
The left side of the ash knife 5 is movably disposed in the front-back direction in the right side of the left baffle 1, and any suitable structure may be adopted, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a left guide groove (not shown in the drawings) is disposed in the front-back direction in the right side of the left baffle 1, a notch of the left guide groove is disposed toward the right, and the left side of the ash knife 5 is movably disposed in the left guide groove in the front-back direction.
The right side of the ash knife 5 is movably disposed in the left side surface of the right baffle 2 along the front-back direction, and any suitable structure may be adopted, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a right guide groove 7 is disposed in the left side surface of the right baffle 2 along the front-back direction, a notch of the right guide groove 7 is disposed toward the left, and the right side of the ash knife 5 is movably disposed in the right guide groove 7 along the front-back direction. In the case where the left guide groove is provided in the right side surface of the left baffle 1 in the front-rear direction, the left guide groove and the right guide groove 7 are provided at an interval in the left-right direction.
The positioning element 6 is detachably connected with the left baffle 1 and the right baffle 2 respectively, the vertical position of the positioning element is adjustable, any suitable structure can be adopted, please refer to fig. 2-4, in a specific embodiment of the utility model, the masonry plastering control device further comprises a vertical row hole 8, the vertical row hole 8 comprises a plurality of positioning holes 9, the positioning holes 9 are arranged along the left-right direction and are vertically arranged at intervals, the positioning element 6 is arranged along the left-right direction and is inserted into one of the positioning holes 9 of the vertical row hole 8 along the left-right direction, the number of the vertical row holes 8 is the same as that of the positioning element 6, the vertical row holes 8 are arranged in the left baffle 1 and the right baffle 2 respectively, and the positioning element 6 and the vertical row holes 8 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.
With the above arrangement, when the vertical position of the positioning member 6 needs to be adjusted, the positioning member 6 is pulled out of one of the positioning holes 9 and then inserted into the other positioning hole 9 at a desired position, so as to adjust the vertical position of the positioning member 6.
The positioning element 6 may be any suitable positioning element, in an embodiment of the present invention, the positioning element 6 is an adjusting screw, the positioning holes 9 are adjusting screw holes, and the positioning element 6 is inserted into and threadedly engaged with one of the positioning holes 9 along the left-right direction.
The number of the positioning members 6 can be determined as required, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of the positioning members 6 is 4, and the 4 positioning members 6 are detachably connected to the front end and the rear end of the left baffle 1 and the front end and the rear end of the right baffle 2, respectively. Under the condition that the masonry plastering control device further comprises vertical row holes 8, the number of the vertical row holes 8 is 4, and the 4 vertical row holes 8 are respectively arranged at the front end of the left baffle plate 1, the rear end of the left baffle plate 1, the front end of the right baffle plate 2 and the rear end of the right baffle plate 2.
The masonry plastering control device can also comprise any other suitable components, as shown in fig. 1, in a specific embodiment of the utility model, the masonry plastering control device further comprises a fixed support 10 and a mortar hopper 11, the fixed support 10 is arranged at the rear end of the left baffle plate 1 and the rear end of the right baffle plate 2, the mortar hopper 11 is arranged on the fixed support 10, the upper end of the mortar hopper 11 is a feeding hole, the lower end of the mortar hopper 11 is a discharging hole, and the discharging hole is positioned above the position between the rear end of the left baffle plate 1 and the rear end of the right baffle plate 2. The mortar 14 is filled in the ash bucket 11, the mortar 14 slowly flows out, and the mortar is placed at any time, so that the frequency of adding the mortar 14 by an operator is reduced.
The ash bucket 11 may be vertically arranged, or may be obliquely arranged along the front-back direction, as shown in fig. 1, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ash bucket 11 is obliquely arranged along the front-back direction, the lower end of the ash bucket 11 is in front, and the upper end of the ash bucket 11 is in back.
The masonry plastering control means may also comprise any other suitable construction, and in a particular embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the masonry plastering control means further comprises a push-pull handle 12, said push-pull handle 12 being located before said trowel 5 and being connected to said trowel 5. The plaster knife 5 is pushed by a push-pull handle 12.
The push-pull handle 12 may have any suitable shape, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, and in one embodiment of the present invention, the push-pull handle 12 is a crossbar.
During construction, please refer to fig. 5, taking the building block 13 as an example, the distance between the bottom elevation of the mortar knife 5 and the bottom elevation of the positioning element 6, i.e. the mortar joint thickness, is adjusted by adjusting the vertical position of the positioning element 6, the lower end of the left baffle 1 and the lower end of the right baffle 2 are respectively attached to the left side and the right side of the building block 13, the positioning element 6 abuts against the top surface of the building block 13, the mortar 14 is placed on the top surface of the building block 13 and is located between the left baffle 1, the right baffle 2, the front baffle 3 and the rear baffle 4, and the mortar 14 is leveled by pushing the mortar knife 5 in the front-back direction, so that the mortar 14 has accurate thickness and the mortar 14 is full.
Therefore, in order to optimize the existing masonry method and accelerate the masonry efficiency, the utility model is provided to solve the problems of difficult mortar joint thickness control, uneven mortar and lower efficiency. The utility model adopts a practical design principle, and the used material is suggested to be a light material such as a wood template, so that the utility model has the advantages of light weight, convenient disassembly, safe and simple use and the like, and simultaneously has extremely strong popularization because of low manufacturing cost.
In conclusion, the masonry plastering control device can improve the mortar joint quality and the masonry efficiency, is simple and convenient to use so as to ensure that the requirement of high-efficiency construction is met, has the advantages of ingenious design, simple structure, simplicity and convenience in manufacture and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
It will thus be seen that the objects of the utility model have been fully and effectively accomplished. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and the embodiments may be modified without departing from the principles. Therefore, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a masonry plastering controlling means which characterized in that, includes left baffle, right baffle, preceding baffle, backplate, grey sword and setting element, wherein:
the left baffle and the right baffle are vertically arranged, are arranged along the front-back direction and are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction, and the distance between the left baffle and the right baffle is the width of the building block;
the ash knife is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction and is positioned between the left baffle and the right baffle, and the left side and the right side of the ash knife are movably arranged in the right side surface of the left baffle and the left side surface of the right baffle along the front-back direction respectively;
the front baffle and the rear baffle are vertically arranged, are arranged along the left-right direction and are arranged at intervals along the front-back direction, the front baffle is positioned on the ash knife and is positioned between the front end of the right side surface of the left baffle and the front end of the left side surface of the right baffle and is respectively connected with the front end of the right side surface of the left baffle and the front end of the left side surface of the right baffle, and the rear baffle is positioned on the ash knife and is positioned between the rear end of the right side surface of the left baffle and the rear end of the left side surface of the right baffle and is respectively connected with the rear end of the right side surface of the left baffle and the rear end of the left side surface of the right baffle;
setting element level setting is located under the grey sword, the figure of setting element is more than 3, more than 3 the setting element all is located same horizontal plane and can dismantle the connection respectively left side baffle with right side baffle and the adjustable setting of vertical position.
2. A masonry plastering control apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spacing between said front dam and said rear dam is the length of said block.
3. A masonry plastering control device as defined in claim 1, wherein a left guide groove is provided in the right side of said left retainer in said forward and backward direction, a notch of said left guide groove is provided toward the right, and the left side of said plaster blade is movably provided in said left guide groove in said forward and backward direction.
4. A masonry plastering control device as defined in claim 1, wherein a right guide groove is provided in the left side surface of said right dam in said forward and backward direction, a notch of said right guide groove is provided toward the left, and the right side of said plaster blade is movably provided in said right guide groove in said forward and backward direction.
5. A masonry plastering control device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a vertical row of holes, wherein the vertical row of holes comprises a plurality of positioning holes, a plurality of positioning holes are arranged along the left-right direction and vertically spaced from each other, the positioning member is arranged along the left-right direction and inserted into one of the positioning holes of the vertical row of holes along the left-right direction, the number of the vertical row of holes is the same as that of the positioning member, the vertical row of holes are respectively arranged in the left baffle and the right baffle, and the positioning member and the vertical row of holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.
6. A masonry plastering control device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said positioning member is an adjusting screw, said positioning holes are adjusting screw holes, and said positioning member is inserted in said left-right direction and threadedly engaged with one of said positioning holes.
7. A masonry plastering control apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said positioning members are 4 in number, and 4 of said positioning members are detachably connected to the front and rear ends of said left dam and the front and rear ends of said right dam, respectively.
8. A masonry plastering control apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a fixing bracket and a hopper, wherein the fixing bracket is provided on the rear end of the left dam and the rear end of the right dam, the hopper is mounted on the fixing bracket, the upper end of the hopper is a feed port, the lower end of the hopper is a discharge port, and the discharge port is located above a position between the rear end of the left dam and the rear end of the right dam.
9. A masonry plastering control apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said hopper is inclined in said fore-and-aft direction with a lower end of said hopper forward and an upper end of said hopper rearward.
10. A masonry trowel control as defined in claim 1 further comprising a push-pull handle positioned before and connected to said trowel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122903351.1U CN216616919U (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Masonry plastering control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122903351.1U CN216616919U (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Masonry plastering control device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216616919U true CN216616919U (en) | 2022-05-27 |
Family
ID=81699934
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202122903351.1U Active CN216616919U (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Masonry plastering control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216616919U (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-11-25 CN CN202122903351.1U patent/CN216616919U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN214740067U (en) | Device of adjustable brickwork mortar joint width and thickness | |
| CN212389031U (en) | Mortar spreader for mortar joints of masonry | |
| CN111677251A (en) | Automatic floor tile pasting device for building construction and use method thereof | |
| CN105672632A (en) | Adjustable distance and perpendicularity based exposed corner guard board sand-lime dressing system and construction method | |
| CN110541541B (en) | Ceramic tile grouting machine, control system, working method and wall ceramic tile laying method | |
| CN216616919U (en) | Masonry plastering control device | |
| CN213204883U (en) | Floor tile plastering and leveling device for architectural decoration engineering | |
| CN212201376U (en) | Mortar spreading mold for building brick wall | |
| CN217581339U (en) | Masonry construction is with building by laying bricks or stones thick liquid box of spreading | |
| CN209976017U (en) | Telescopic turnover toilet falls board typical forms | |
| CN210685449U (en) | Masonry mortar spreading tool | |
| CN214658575U (en) | Plastering device for housing construction | |
| CN211974408U (en) | Mortar paving device | |
| CN210369797U (en) | Mortar control device for building engineering | |
| CN111005583B (en) | Wall building block transverse mortar joint and vertical mortar joint control device | |
| CN114535938A (en) | Manufacturing method of adjustable masonry mortar paving tool | |
| CN211666307U (en) | Masonry mortar thickness control trowel | |
| CN218623435U (en) | Multifunctional auxiliary tool for laying mortar | |
| CN219034082U (en) | Masonry tool | |
| CN214658977U (en) | Quick masonry tool | |
| CN216682639U (en) | Steel frame mortar mould for quickly building concrete hollow concrete building block | |
| CN210013430U (en) | Plastering bucket for plastering device in narrow space | |
| CN217602163U (en) | Masonry ash funnel for masonry engineering | |
| CN215907474U (en) | Cement smearing device for building wall in constructional engineering | |
| CN211850968U (en) | Masonry ash spreading mold |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |