CN216589544U

CN216589544U - Crankshaft assembly

Info

Publication number: CN216589544U
Application number: CN202123052076.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牛军军; 宋雅丽; 屠丹红; 刘腾; 何军
Original assignee: China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-07
Filing date: 2021-12-07
Publication date: 2022-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crankshaft assembly, and relates to the technical field of engine crankshafts. The crankshaft assembly comprises a crankshaft, a balance piece and a positioning ring. The crankshaft comprises a main shaft and a plurality of crank throw assemblies, the main shaft comprises a plurality of coaxial main journals which are arranged at intervals, each crank throw assembly comprises a connecting rod journal and two crank arms, the first ends of the two crank arms are respectively connected to one end of the connecting rod journal, the second end of at least one crank arm is provided with a first counter bore, the two crank arms are respectively connected with the two adjacent main journals, and the connecting rod journals and the main journals are not coaxially arranged; the balance piece is detachably arranged at the second end of the crank arm and is provided with a second counter bore which is opposite to the first counter bore; one end of the positioning ring is arranged in the first counter bore, and the other end of the positioning ring is arranged in the corresponding second counter bore. The crankshaft assembly can ensure the accuracy of the position of the balance piece and prevent the balance piece from interfering with the piston.

Description

Crankshaft assembly

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of engine crankshafts, in particular to a crankshaft assembly.

Background

The crankshaft is one of the most important components in the engine, and is subjected to the combined action of centrifugal force of rotating mass, gas inertia force of periodic variation and reciprocating inertia force, so that the crankshaft is subjected to the action of bending and twisting load. The crankshaft rotates at high speed during operation, the balance piece is used for adjusting balance, and the balance aims at reducing vibration amplitude and frequency of the crankshaft after high-speed rotation.

The connecting rod is mounted on a connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, and the connecting rod journal is spaced from the center of the main journal by a certain distance. Because the two journals are not concentric, when the crankshaft rotates, the inertial mass of the piston and the connecting rod causes the crankshaft to lose balance, a large centrifugal force is generated, and the unbalanced force acts on the main journal, so that the load is increased. In order to eliminate the unbalance, a balance piece is required to be installed on the crankshaft, and the mass size, the shape and the installation position of the balance piece need to be reasonably designed so as to overcome the centrifugal force generated in the rotation of the crankshaft and reduce the load of the main journal.

Because reasons such as assembly precision, the balancing piece produces the deviation with being connected of bent axle easily, leads to the clearance undersize between balancing piece and the piston, and the rotation in-process takes place the interference easily.

To the above problems, a crankshaft assembly needs to be developed to solve the problem that the balance member and the piston interfere with each other in the rotation process due to the fact that the balance member and the crankshaft are easily connected to generate deviation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a crankshaft assembly which can ensure the accuracy of the position of a balancing piece and prevent the balancing piece from interfering with a piston.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a crankshaft assembly, comprising:

the crankshaft comprises a main shaft and a plurality of crank throw assemblies, the main shaft comprises a plurality of coaxial main journals which are arranged at intervals, each crank throw assembly comprises a connecting rod journal and two crank arms, the first ends of the two crank arms are respectively connected to one end of each connecting rod journal, the second end of at least one crank arm is provided with a first counter bore, the two crank arms are respectively connected with the two adjacent main journals, and the connecting rod journals and the main journals are not arranged coaxially;

the balance piece is detachably arranged at the second end of the crank arm, and is provided with a second counter bore opposite to the first counter bore;

and one end of the positioning ring is arranged in the first counter bore, and the other end of the positioning ring is arranged in the corresponding second counter bore.

Preferably, the retaining ring is in close fit with the first counterbore and the second counterbore.

Preferably, the crank arms of the bell crank assembly are each provided with one said counterbalance.

Preferably, the number of the crank throw assemblies is even, the central radial section of the main shaft is a symmetry plane, and the crank throw assemblies are symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetry plane.

Preferably, the two crank arms closest to the plane of symmetry are provided with a thrust surface, which is provided on the side of the crank arms closest to the plane of symmetry.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the flywheel assembly comprises a flywheel adapter and a flywheel, and the flywheel adapter is provided with a first positioning hole;

the flywheel adapter comprises a first fixing cover plate, wherein a first cone is coaxially arranged at the output end of the main shaft, the first fixing cover plate and the first cone are respectively positioned at two ends of the first positioning hole, a first screw rod is arranged at the end part of the first cone, the first cone partially extends into the first positioning hole, the first fixing cover plate is in threaded connection with the first screw rod and abuts against the flywheel adapter to enable the first positioning hole to abut against the conical surface of the first cone.

Preferably, the flywheel assembly further comprises a positioning pin, third positioning holes are formed in the flywheel and the flywheel adapter, and two ends of the positioning pin are respectively arranged in the third positioning hole of the flywheel and the third positioning hole of the flywheel adapter.

Preferably, the flywheel adapter includes a first oil path, and two ends of the first oil path are respectively opened on the inner wall of the first positioning hole and the end surface of the flywheel adapter departing from the crankshaft.

Preferably, the inner wall of the first positioning hole is provided with a spiral groove.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the shock absorber is provided with a second positioning hole;

the free end of the main shaft is coaxially provided with a second cone, the second fixed cover plate and the second cone are respectively positioned at two ends of the second positioning hole, the end part of the second cone is provided with a second screw rod, the second cone partially extends into the second positioning hole, and the second fixed cover plate is in threaded connection with the second screw rod and abuts against the shock absorber to enable the second positioning hole to abut against the conical surface of the second cone.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the utility model provides a crankshaft assembly. In this crankshaft assembly, the bent axle has been constituteed jointly with a plurality of crank throw subassemblies to a plurality of main journals of main shaft, and connecting rod journal and the setting of main journal disalignment for the bent axle can convert the linear reciprocating motion of the piston of cylinder into the rotary motion of bent axle, thereby exports power through the output of bent axle. When the crankshaft rotates, a large centrifugal force is generated, and this unbalanced force acts on the main journal, increasing the load. To eliminate this imbalance, a balancer needs to be installed on the crankshaft to overcome the centrifugal force generated during rotation of the crankshaft, and to reduce the main journal load.

The second counter bore of the balance piece can be just opposite to the first counter bore of the crank arm through the positioning ring, so that the balance piece is positioned, the accuracy of the position of the balance piece is guaranteed, and the balance piece is prevented from interfering with the piston due to the position deviation of the balance piece.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a crankshaft assembly provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a portion of a crankshaft assembly provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an output end of a crankshaft assembly provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of a crankshaft assembly provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the free end of the crankshaft assembly provided by the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a crankshaft; 2. a balance member; 3. a positioning ring; 4. a plane of symmetry; 5. a thrust surface; 6. a flywheel assembly; 7. a shock absorber; 8. a free end gear; 9. an output end gear;

11. a main shaft; 12. a bell crank assembly; 13. a second oil passage; 21. a second counterbore; 61. a flywheel adapter; 62. a flywheel; 63. positioning pins; 64. a helical groove; 65. a first oil passage; 71. a second positioning hole;

111. a main journal; 112. an output end; 113. a first fixed cover plate; 114. a free end; 115. a second stationary cover plate; 121. a connecting rod neck; 122. a crank arm;

1111. a third oil passage; 1121. a first cone; 1122. a first screw; 1141. a second cone; 1142. a second screw; 1211. a fourth oil passage; 1221. a first end; 1222. a second end; 1223. a first counterbore.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the utility model and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "secured" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature but being in contact with the second feature by another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The technical scheme of the utility model is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The present embodiment provides a crankshaft assembly. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the crankshaft assembly includes a crankshaft 1, a balance member 2, and a positioning ring 3. The crankshaft 1 comprises a main shaft 11 and a plurality of crank throw assemblies 12, the main shaft 11 comprises a plurality of main journals 111 which are arranged at intervals and are coaxial, each crank throw assembly 12 comprises a connecting journal 121 and two crank arms 122, first ends 1221 of the two crank arms 122 are respectively connected to one end of each connecting journal 121, a first counter bore 1223 is formed in a second end 1222 of at least one crank arm 122, the two crank arms 122 are respectively connected with the two adjacent main journals 111, and the connecting journals 121 and the main journals 111 are not arranged coaxially. The balance member 2 is detachably disposed at the second end 1222 of the crank arm 122, and the balance member 2 is opened with a second counter bore 21 facing the first counter bore 1223. One end of the positioning ring 3 is disposed in the first counterbore 1223, and the other end is disposed in the corresponding second counterbore 21.

In the crankshaft assembly, the main journals 111 and the crank throw components 12 of the main shaft 11 together form the crankshaft 1, and the connecting journals 121 and the main journals 111 are not coaxially arranged, so that the crankshaft 1 can convert the linear reciprocating motion of the piston of the cylinder into the rotary motion of the crankshaft 1, and the power is output through the output end 112 of the crankshaft 1. In order to reduce the vibration amplitude of the crankshaft 1 during rotation and prevent excessive bearing load from being generated, it is generally necessary to provide the balance member 2 at the opposite side of the connecting rod journal 121 so as to reduce the bearing load.

The second counter bore 21 of the balance member 2 can be aligned with the first counter bore 1223 of the crank arm 122 by the positioning ring 3, so that the balance member 2 is positioned, the accuracy of the position of the balance member 2 is ensured, and the balance member 2 is prevented from interfering with the piston due to the deviation of the installation position of the balance member 2.

To prevent the balancing member 2 from rotating around the positioning ring 3 when mounted at the second end 1222 of the crank arm 122, the second end 1222 is provided with at least two positioning rings 3. Accordingly, the first counter bore 1223 of the crank arm 122 and the second counter bore 21 of the balance 2 are also provided in the same number and one-to-one correspondence with the retaining ring 3.

Further, the retaining ring 3 is tightly fitted with the first and second counter bores 1223 and 21. The positioning ring 3 prevents relative movement between the crank arm 122 and the balance 2, improving the accuracy of the position of the balance 2.

Preferably, both crank arms 122 of the bell crank assembly 12 are provided with one counterbalance 2. On one hand, the mounting process can be simplified, and the bearing load can be reduced. On the other hand, the volume of the balance 2 must not be too large, otherwise a large installation space is required, which results in a limited weight of the individual balance 2. If the rod neck 121 is heavy, limited by the volume of the balance 2, the torque of the first end 1221 may not be cancelled out by a single balance 2. And two balance pieces 2 are arranged, so that the requirement of balance of inertia force of the crank throw can be met, and the requirement of balance of inertia moment can be met.

As shown in fig. 1, the number of the bell crank assemblies 12 is even, the central radial section of the main shaft 11 is the symmetry plane 4, and the bell crank assemblies 12 are symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetry plane 4. The crank throw components 12 which are symmetrically arranged can balance the inertia force and the inertia moment borne by the crankshaft 1, and the crankshaft is convenient to produce and process.

In the present embodiment, the crankshaft 1 includes 10 crank throw assemblies 12, and 5 crank throw assemblies 12 are respectively disposed on two sides of the symmetry plane 4 and are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the main shaft 11. The crankshaft 1 is connected to pistons of 10 cylinders, and 5 cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of a symmetrical plane 4.

Preferably, the two crank arms 122 closest to the plane of symmetry 4 are provided with a thrust surface 5, the thrust surface 5 being provided on the side of the crank arms 122 close to the plane of symmetry 4. Since the two thrust surfaces 5 are respectively located at two sides of the symmetry plane 4, the thrust bearings are disposed at the symmetry plane 4 and respectively abut against the two thrust surfaces 5, thereby limiting the axial displacement of the crankshaft 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the crankshaft assembly further includes a flywheel assembly 6 and a first fixed cover plate 113. The flywheel assembly 6 comprises a flywheel adapter 61 and a flywheel 62, and the flywheel adapter 61 is provided with a first positioning hole. The output end 112 of the main shaft 11 is coaxially provided with a first cone 1121, the first fixed cover plate 113 and the first cone 1121 are respectively located at two ends of the first positioning hole, the end of the first cone 1121 is provided with a first screw 1122, the first cone 1121 partially extends into the first positioning hole, the first fixed cover plate 113 and the first screw 1122 are in threaded connection and abut against the flywheel adapter 61, so that the first positioning hole abuts against the conical surface of the first cone 1121.

Since the conical surface has a slope, the flywheel adapter 61 is clamped from both sides by the conical surfaces of the first fixing cover plate 113 and the first cone 1121, the requirement for the machining accuracy is low, and even if the machined dimension is slightly deviated, the flywheel adapter 61 can be pressed by the first fixing cover plate 113 against the conical surface of the first cone 1121 without a gap, so that the flywheel 62 is tightly connected to the crankshaft 1.

Preferably, the flywheel assembly 6 further includes a positioning pin 63, the flywheel 62 and the flywheel adapter 61 are both provided with a third positioning hole, and two ends of the positioning pin 63 are respectively disposed in the third positioning hole of the flywheel 62 and the third positioning hole of the flywheel adapter 61. The positioning pin 63 prevents the flywheel 62 and the flywheel adapter 61 from relative displacement, and ensures the stability of the flywheel 62.

In order to facilitate the detachment and installation between the first positioning hole of the flywheel adapter 61 and the first cone 1121, the flywheel adapter 61 includes a first oil path 65, and two ends of the first oil path 65 are respectively opened on the inner wall of the first positioning hole and the end surface of the flywheel adapter 61 departing from the crankshaft 1. An operator can supply high-pressure oil into the first positioning hole through the first oil passage 65, thereby realizing the mounting and dismounting of the flywheel adapter 61.

In order to make the high-pressure oil have a large dispersion area when entering the first positioning hole through the first oil path 65 and make the flywheel adapter 61 uniformly stressed, a spiral groove 64 is formed on the inner wall of the first positioning hole. The helical groove 64 guides the high-pressure oil, so that the high-pressure oil flows along the helical groove 64, thereby increasing the force-bearing area of the flywheel adaptor 61.

Preferably, the outer race of the flywheel adaptor 61 is fitted with bearing pads to reduce wear.

Further, a lip seal is installed between the output end 112 and the flywheel adapter 61, and oil leakage from the output end 112 is prevented.

Wherein, the output end 112 of the main shaft 11 is sleeved with an output end gear 9, and the free end 114 of the main shaft 11 is sleeved with a free end gear 8. The free end gear 8 is used for driving the high-temperature water pump, the low-temperature water pump, the oil pump and the like to rotate, and the output end gear 9 is used for driving the camshaft to rotate.

As shown in fig. 4, the crankshaft assembly further includes a second oil path 13, a third oil path 1111 is disposed in the main journal 111, both ends of the third oil path 1111 are open to the surface of the main journal 111, a fourth oil path 1211 is disposed in the connecting rod journal 121, both ends of the fourth oil path 1211 are open to the surface of the connecting rod journal 121, and the second oil path 13 connects the third oil path 1111 of one main journal 111 and the fourth oil path 1211 in one connecting rod journal 121 adjacent to the main journal.

In order to facilitate cleaning of the first oil passage 65, the second oil passage 13, the third oil passage 1111 and the fourth oil passage 1211 during blockage, the first oil passage 65, the second oil passage 13, the third oil passage 1111 and the fourth oil passage 1211 extend along a straight line.

Preferably, one end of the second oil passage 13 opens to a side of the crank arm 122 facing away from the connecting rod journal 121. The opening is not blocked, so that an operator can clean the second oil path 13 conveniently.

In order to prevent the oil from flowing out from the second oil passage 13 from the opening of the crank arm 122 on the side away from the connecting rod journal 121 when the crank assembly is in operation, the crank assembly further comprises a blocking screw, and the blocking screw is in threaded connection with the opening of the second oil passage 13 to block the opening of the second oil passage 13.

As shown in fig. 5, the crankshaft assembly further includes a damper 7 and a second stationary cover plate 115. The damper 7 is provided with a second positioning hole 71, a second cone 1141 is coaxially arranged at the free end 114 of the main shaft 11, the second fixed cover plate 115 and the second cone 1141 are respectively positioned at two ends of the second positioning hole 71, a second screw 1142 is arranged at the end part of the second cone 1141, the second cone 1141 partially extends into the second positioning hole 71, the second fixed cover plate 115 is in threaded connection with the second screw 1142, and the damper 7 is pressed to enable the second positioning hole 71 to be abutted against the conical surface of the second cone 1141.

Further, the second oil passage 13 is provided with a plugging piece at the opening of the crank arm 122 for plugging the second oil passage 13. Wherein, the driving ring of the shock absorber 7 is provided with a bearing bush which can reduce the abrasion.

Further, a lip seal is installed in a gap between the damper and the free end 114 to prevent oil at the free end 114 from leaking out.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.

Claims

1. A crankshaft assembly, comprising:

the crankshaft (1) comprises a main shaft (11) and a plurality of crank throw assemblies (12), the main shaft (11) comprises a plurality of main journals (111) which are arranged at intervals and are coaxial, each crank throw assembly (12) comprises a connecting rod journal (121) and two crank arms (122), first ends (1221) of the two crank arms (122) are respectively connected to one end of each connecting rod journal (121), a second end (1222) of at least one crank arm (122) is provided with a first counter bore (1223), the two crank arms (122) are respectively connected with the two adjacent main journals (111), and the connecting rod journals (121) and the main journals (111) are not coaxially arranged;

the balance piece (2) is detachably arranged at the second end (1222) of the crank arm (122), and the balance piece (2) is provided with a second counter bore (21) which is opposite to the first counter bore (1223);

and one end of the positioning ring (3) is arranged in the first counter bore (1223), and the other end of the positioning ring (3) is arranged in the corresponding second counter bore (21).

2. The crankshaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining ring (3) is a tight fit with the first counter bore (1223) and the second counter bore (21).

3. A crank assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that both crank arms (122) of the bell crank assembly (12) are provided with one said balance (2).

4. A crankshaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the bell crank components (12) is an even number, the central radial section of the main shaft (11) is a symmetry plane (4), and the bell crank components (12) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetry plane (4).

5. A crank assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that the two crank arms (122) closest to the plane of symmetry (4) are provided with a thrust surface (5), which thrust surfaces (5) are provided on the side of the crank arms (122) close to the plane of symmetry (4).

6. The crankshaft assembly as in claim 1, further comprising:

the flywheel assembly (6), the flywheel assembly (6) comprises a flywheel adapter (61) and a flywheel (62), and the flywheel adapter (61) is provided with a first positioning hole;

the spindle comprises a first fixing cover plate (113), a first cone (1121) is coaxially arranged at an output end (112) of the spindle (11), the first fixing cover plate (113) and the first cone (1121) are respectively located at two ends of the first positioning hole, a first screw (1122) is arranged at the end of the first cone (1121), the first cone (1121) partially extends into the first positioning hole, the first fixing cover plate (113) is in threaded connection with the first screw (1122), and presses against the flywheel adapter (61) to enable the first positioning hole to be abutted to a conical surface of the first cone (1121).

7. The crankshaft assembly according to claim 6, wherein the flywheel assembly (6) further comprises a positioning pin (63), the flywheel (62) and the flywheel adapter (61) are both provided with a third positioning hole, and two ends of the positioning pin (63) are respectively disposed in the third positioning hole of the flywheel (62) and the third positioning hole of the flywheel adapter (61).

8. A crank assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the flywheel adapter (61) comprises a first oil passage (65), and both ends of the first oil passage (65) are respectively opened on the inner wall of the first positioning hole and the end surface of the flywheel adapter (61) facing away from the crankshaft (1).

9. The crankshaft assembly as in claim 6, wherein the inner wall of the first positioning hole is provided with a spiral groove (64).

10. The crankshaft assembly as in claim 1, further comprising:

the shock absorber (7), the said shock absorber (7) offers the second locating hole (71);

the free end (114) of the main shaft (11) is coaxially provided with a second cone (1141), the second fixed cover plate (115) and the second cone (1141) are respectively located at two ends of the second positioning hole (71), a second screw (1142) is arranged at the end part of the second cone (1141), part of the second cone (1141) extends into the second positioning hole (71), the second fixed cover plate (115) is in threaded connection with the second screw (1142), and the shock absorber (7) is pressed to enable the second positioning hole (71) to be abutted to the conical surface of the second cone (1141).