CN216561298U - Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device, wherein the liquid crystal touch panel comprises a first liquid crystal box, the first liquid crystal box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate; the viewing angle controller is arranged on the first liquid crystal box and comprises a second liquid crystal layer and a third substrate, and the second liquid crystal layer is positioned between the second substrate and the third substrate; the viewing angle controller and the other side of the second substrate form a second liquid crystal cell to prevent the second liquid crystal cell from being separated from the first liquid crystal cell, and the second liquid crystal cell is used for controlling the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles of the liquid crystal display panel. The utility model adopts a new liquid crystal display panel structure, avoids the gap generated in the prior art, reduces the thickness of the liquid crystal display panel and simplifies the manufacturing process.

Description

Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device.

Background

The liquid crystal display device has the advantages of small volume, good picture quality, low driving voltage, relatively low manufacturing cost and the like, and occupies a leading position in the field of flat panel display.

With the continuous development of liquid crystal display technology, the existing display devices are gradually developed towards a wide viewing angle. People seek to effectively protect personal privacy from being peeped by others while pursuing a wide viewing angle, and therefore, a display device having a function of switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle is required.

The prior art solutions generally provide two liquid crystal cells, wherein the lower liquid crystal cell is used to display an image, referred to as the display liquid crystal cell; the upper layer liquid crystal cell is used for switching wide and narrow viewing angles, and is called a viewing angle control liquid crystal cell. The two are superposed up and down, and the edges are adhered together, so that the two liquid crystal boxes are integrated. In the prior art, the cover plate is required to be arranged on the outer side of the upper liquid crystal box, and the air between the display panel and the cover plate needs to be exhausted in the process of covering the cover plate, but the display liquid crystal box and the visual angle control liquid crystal box are only adhered through edges, so that the air pressure difference between the upper side and the lower side of the visual angle control liquid crystal box is easily caused when the air is exhausted, the visual angle control liquid crystal box is deformed, an air gap is generated between the two liquid crystal boxes, the air gap easily causes the display liquid crystal box on the lower layer to fall out of the depth range of human eyes, and the display pattern of the liquid crystal display panel is blurred.

In summary, there is a need to further improve the liquid crystal display panel in the prior art, eliminate the air gap between the upper and lower liquid crystal cells, and simplify the structure, reduce the size and reduce the cost of the liquid crystal display panel.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the foregoing problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device, in which a display liquid crystal cell and a liquid crystal cell with a narrow control viewing angle are formed by using a common substrate, so as to eliminate an air gap that may be generated between the two liquid crystal cells and ensure the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display panel including: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first liquid crystal box and a second liquid crystal box, wherein the first liquid crystal box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, and one side of the first substrate is opposite to one side of the second substrate; the viewing angle controller is arranged on the first liquid crystal box and comprises a second liquid crystal layer and a third substrate, the third substrate is arranged opposite to the other side of the second substrate, and the second liquid crystal layer is positioned between the second substrate and the third substrate; the viewing angle controller and the other side of the second substrate form a second liquid crystal cell to prevent the second liquid crystal cell from being separated from the first liquid crystal cell, and the second liquid crystal cell is used for controlling the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles of the liquid crystal display panel.

Preferably, the third substrate includes a touch electrode to implement a touch function.

Preferably, the first liquid crystal cell further includes a first electrode layer including a pixel electrode and a common electrode, and the first electrode layer is disposed on the first substrate and configured to control the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer.

Preferably, the viewing angle controller further includes a second electrode layer, the second electrode layer also includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode, and the second electrode layer is disposed on a side of the second substrate facing the third substrate and is used for controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer.

Preferably, the viewing angle controller includes a light shielding layer disposed on one side of the third substrate facing the second substrate or one side of the third substrate facing away from the second substrate.

Preferably, the first liquid crystal cell further includes a color filter disposed between the second substrate and the first liquid crystal layer.

Preferably, the liquid crystal display panel includes a first polarizer and a third polarizer, the first polarizer is disposed on a side of the first substrate departing from the second substrate, and the third polarizer is disposed on a side of the third substrate departing from the second substrate.

Preferably, the liquid crystal display panel includes a second polarizer, and the second polarizer is disposed between the color filter and the second substrate.

Preferably, the sidewall of the liquid crystal display panel is provided with at least one conductive channel, and the conductive channel electrically connects at least one of the second substrate and the third substrate with the first substrate.

Preferably, the conductive channels are located on different sidewalls of the liquid crystal display panel to electrically connect the second substrate with the first substrate and the third substrate with the first substrate, respectively.

In addition, because the common substrate is designed, only one layer of substrate is arranged between the upper liquid crystal layer and the lower liquid crystal layer, the two liquid crystal boxes in the prior art are prevented from being respectively provided with the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and the thickness of the liquid crystal display panel is reduced; in the embodiment of the utility model, the cover plate is directly used as the upper substrate of the liquid crystal box for controlling the viewing angle width, so that the manufacturing steps are simplified, and the product appearance is optimized.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention has a conductive channel at an edge thereof, the conductive channel connects the conductive layers in the two liquid crystal cells, and the liquid crystal display panel further includes a control chip for controlling the working states of liquid crystal molecules in the two liquid crystal cells through the conductive channel.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1a shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display panel according to the prior art;

FIG. 1b shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display panel with a cover plate according to the prior art;

FIG. 2 shows a three-dimensional view of a first embodiment according to the utility model;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment according to the utility model;

fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment according to the utility model.

Detailed Description

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the various figures, the same elements or modules are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Also, certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This patent specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function.

Moreover, it is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Fig. 1a shows a structure of a related art liquid crystal display panel, and fig. 1b shows a cross-sectional view of the related art liquid crystal display panel with a cover plate. As shown in fig. 1a, in the prior art, a first liquid crystal cell 110 for displaying an image and a second liquid crystal cell 120 for controlling a viewing angle switching display are overlapped with each other, and the edges are bonded by using a sealant 130. In the prior art, the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell are overlapped to form the liquid crystal display panel after being independently formed into the cells, and only the edges of the two cells are connected, so that the second liquid crystal cell 120 is deformed when the cover plate is added. As shown in fig. 1b, when the cover plate is added, the gas between the cover plate 140 and the second liquid crystal cell 120 needs to be evacuated to make the cover plate 140 closely attached to the second liquid crystal cell 120, but as can be seen from the above, a part of gas still exists between the second liquid crystal cell 120 and the first liquid crystal cell 110, so that a pressure difference is generated between the upper side and the lower side of the second liquid crystal cell 120, and further the second liquid crystal cell 120 is deformed, an air gap is generated between the second liquid crystal cell 120 and the first liquid crystal cell 110, and the air gap causes the thickness of the whole liquid crystal display panel to increase, so that the thickness of the lower display liquid crystal cell exceeds the depth range of human eyes, and the image displayed by the liquid crystal display panel is blurred.

The utility model provides a liquid crystal display panel, which is used for solving the problems, simplifying the structure of the existing liquid crystal display panel, reducing the thickness of the liquid crystal display panel and simplifying the manufacturing process.

Fig. 2 and 3 are a three-dimensional view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, showing a first embodiment of a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention, which includes, as shown in fig. 2 and 3: a first liquid crystal cell 210 for displaying an image; and a viewing angle controller 220 disposed at the light exit side of the first liquid crystal cell 210, wherein the viewing angle controller 220 and the outer side of the substrate of the first liquid crystal cell 210 form a second liquid crystal cell for switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle of the liquid crystal display panel.

The first liquid crystal cell 210 is a conventional liquid crystal cell structure, specifically, a transparent first substrate 211 and a transparent second substrate 212 are respectively disposed on two sides of the first liquid crystal cell 210, a space is formed between the two substrates for filling the first liquid crystal layer 219, the viewing angle controller 220 includes a second liquid crystal layer 229 and a third substrate 223, the third substrate 223 and the second substrate 212 are oppositely disposed away from the outer side of the first liquid crystal layer 219, and the space between the second substrate 212 and the third substrate 223 is for filling the second liquid crystal layer 229; the third substrate 223 serves as both a substrate of the viewing angle controller 220 and a cover plate of the liquid crystal display panel. Through the arrangement, the first liquid crystal box for displaying images and the second liquid crystal box for adjusting the visual angle in the liquid crystal display panel are combined into a whole, so that the problem that the displayed images are unclear due to the fact that the whole thickness of the liquid crystal display panel is too thick and the depth of field of human eyes is exceeded due to the gap between the first liquid crystal box and the second liquid crystal box in the prior art is solved; meanwhile, compared with the prior art, the second substrate 212 in the liquid crystal display panel is simultaneously used as the substrate of two liquid crystal boxes, and the third substrate 223 is simultaneously used as the substrate of the liquid crystal box and the cover plate of the liquid crystal display panel, so that the structure of the liquid crystal display panel is simplified, the thickness of the liquid crystal display panel is reduced, and the manufacturing process is simplified. In some embodiments of the present invention, a touch electrode may be further disposed on or under the third substrate 223 to provide a touch function.

Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first liquid crystal layer 219 and the second liquid crystal layer 229 are both nematic liquid crystals, in which the liquid crystal molecules have a rod shape, and the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the direction of the electric field. Specifically, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 219 controls the gradation of an image, and the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 229 is used to control the switching of the wide viewing angle state and the narrow viewing angle state of the liquid crystal display panel.

Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first and second liquid crystal layers 219 and 229 are provided at their edges with first and second sealing members 215 and 225, respectively, and the first and second sealing members 215 and 225 have a frame shape and function to enclose the liquid crystal layer and to connect upper and lower plates of the liquid crystal layer. Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first and second sealing members 215 and 225 are made using UV glue hardening.

Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first electrode layer 214 is disposed between the first liquid crystal layer 219 and the first substrate 211, and the second electrode layer 224 is disposed between the second liquid crystal layer 229 and the second substrate 212. The first electrode layer 214 and the second electrode layer 224 are used for receiving external control signals and adjusting electric fields in the first liquid crystal cell 210 and the viewing angle controller 220, respectively. It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, for example, the liquid crystal molecules are driven to rotate by using a fringe field, the first electrode layer 214 includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode, and similarly, the second electrode layer 224 also includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode, and a fringe field is generated by the cooperation of the pixel electrode and the common electrode to control the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. In addition, a plurality of thin film transistors are disposed on the first substrate 211 and the second substrate 212, and the plurality of thin film transistors are connected to a single pixel electrode and used as switches to control the on and off of a single pixel unit in the pixel electrode layer. Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the peripheral lines of the first electrode layer 214 and the second electrode layer 224 are electrically connected to the first flexible circuit board 241 and the second flexible circuit board 242, respectively, and are connected to external control signals and driving signals through the first flexible circuit board 241 and the second flexible circuit board 242.

Further, a color filter 216 is disposed between the first liquid crystal layer 219 and the second substrate 212 for controlling the color of the image displayed by the liquid crystal display panel. The color filter 216 includes a color resist layer and a black matrix for passing light of a target color and absorbing excessive light, respectively.

Of course, the first liquid crystal layer 219 and the second liquid crystal layer 229 may be driven by a vertical electric field, and the first electrode layer 214 may be replaced with a pixel electrode layer and a common electrode layer which are provided on the upper and lower sides of the first liquid crystal layer 219, and similarly, the second electrode layer 214 may be replaced with a pixel electrode layer and a common electrode layer which are provided on the upper and lower sides of the second liquid crystal layer 229. In this way the liquid crystal can be driven to rotate as well.

The viewing angle controller 220 further includes a light shielding layer 226, wherein the light shielding layer 226 is disposed on a side of the third substrate 223 facing the second substrate 212, and the light shielding layer 226 is used to prevent light inside from leaking out of the liquid crystal display panel and ambient light outside from entering the liquid crystal display panel. Of course, the light-shielding layer 226 may also be disposed on a side of the third substrate 223 facing away from the second substrate 212.

The first alignment film 217a and the second alignment film 217b are disposed on two sides of the first liquid crystal layer 219, and the first alignment film 217a, the second alignment film 217b and the first liquid crystal layer 219 are disposed in close contact with each other to provide an initial orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 219. Of course, a similar third alignment film (not shown) and a similar fourth alignment film (not shown) are disposed on both sides of the second liquid crystal layer 229 to control the initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 229.

In some embodiments, at least one support 2291 is further included in the second liquid crystal layer 229 for ensuring a distance between the second substrate 212 and the third substrate 223 during the preparation process. For example, the support 2291 is a resin ball. Of course, the first liquid crystal layer 219 may have a similar arrangement, and will not be described in detail.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a second polarizer 232, wherein the second polarizer 232 is disposed between the first liquid crystal cell 210 and the viewing angle controller 220 in some embodiments, and the second polarizer 232 is disposed between the color filter 216 and the second substrate 212 in other embodiments. It should be noted that the position of the second polarizer 232 may be determined according to different situations, and the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel is not affected.

Specifically, the transmission axis direction of the third polarizer 233 is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the second polarizer 232, and the transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 231 is perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the second polarizer 232. An angle between the direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer 233 and the second polarizer 232 and the alignment direction of the second liquid crystal layer 229 is acute, and preferably, the angle may be 45 °. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the polarization angle of the third polarizer 233 is 90 °, the polarization angle of the second polarizer 232 is 0 °, and the polarization angle of the first polarizer 231 is 90 °. It is understood that the transmission axis of each polarizer may be in other directions.

The process of the liquid crystal display panel of the utility model mainly comprises the following steps: a film formation step on a substrate, a cell formation step of the first liquid crystal cell 210, a cell formation step of the second liquid crystal cell 220, and a back-end process, each of which will be described in detail below.

Specifically, the step of forming a film on a substrate includes: a thin film transistor is arranged on the first substrate 211, a first electrode layer 214 is formed on the thin film transistor, a thin film transistor is also formed on the second substrate 212, and a second electrode layer 224 is formed, in this embodiment, the first electrode layer 214 and the second electrode layer 224 both include a pixel electrode and a common electrode to realize adjustment of the orientation of liquid crystal molecules, and the forming method can refer to the prior art; specifically, the thin film transistor is made of an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) material; forming a second polarizer 232 on one surface of the second substrate 212 by using photoalignment or nanoimprint technology, as can be seen from the above, the second polarizer 232 does not affect the display effect of the liquid crystal display template no matter on the upper and lower sides of the second substrate 212; after the second polarizer 232 is formed, a color filter 216 and a black matrix are formed on a side of the second substrate 212 opposite to the first substrate 211. A light-shielding layer 226 is formed under the third substrate 323.

In some embodiments, the black matrix and the light-shielding layer are made of black ink.

In some embodiments, the substrate is further subjected to single-sided thinning and surface hardness treatment after film formation to reduce the thickness and deformation of the panel and reduce surface damage during the manufacturing process.

A display liquid crystal box is formed in the first liquid crystal box forming step, specifically, a first alignment film 217a and a second alignment film 217b are coated on the opposite surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, the first alignment film 217a and the second alignment film 217b allow the alignment direction to be selected, and liquid crystal molecules are distributed along the alignment direction when not being subjected to an electric field; after the alignment is completed, a sealant is coated, and the sealant serves as the sealing element 215, and it should be noted that an opening should be left in the sealant in this step, so that the first liquid crystal layer 219 can be filled into the first liquid crystal cell 210 by using a capillary phenomenon and a pressure difference; and filling liquid crystal, sealing, coating a hardening agent on the frame glue, and then irradiating and hardening.

In some embodiments, the first liquid crystal cell forming step further comprises thinning and cutting the first liquid crystal cell into a number of pixel cells.

The second liquid crystal cell forming step is substantially the same as the first liquid crystal cell forming step, and is different in that a plurality of supporting members 2291 are added after the second substrate 212 and the third substrate 223 are aligned on the opposite surfaces, the frame glue 225 is coated and cured after the supporting members are added, and then the second liquid crystal layer 229 is poured into and the opening is sealed by the frame glue. Of course, the first liquid crystal layer 219 may also be provided with a similar support, which is not described herein.

The back end process includes forming a first polarizer 231 and a third polarizer 233 on both sides of the overlapped liquid crystal cells; forming flexible circuit boards 241 and 242 at one ends of the first electrode layer 214 and the second electrode layer 224; and adding a backlight plate as a light source at the lower side.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the above embodiments in that a flexible circuit board is not used to connect two liquid crystal cells, but a plurality of conductive vias 440 are disposed on the sidewalls of the liquid crystal display panel, the conductive vias 440 electrically connect the second substrate and the second substrate with the first substrate, and a driving chip 450 is disposed on the first substrate to provide driving signals to the first liquid crystal cell and the second liquid crystal cell. The method has the advantages of simplifying the structure of the liquid crystal display panel and improving the circuit integration level. Obviously, the modification of the present embodiment can be applied to the above two embodiments.

In some embodiments, the conductive vias 440 are silver paste, and the conductive vias 440 connecting the third substrate and the first substrate and the conductive vias 440 connecting the second substrate and the first substrate are respectively located on different sides of the liquid crystal display panel.

In accordance with the present invention, as described above, these embodiments do not set forth all of the details or limit the utility model to only the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the utility model and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the utility model and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The scope of the utility model should be determined with reference to the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A liquid crystal display panel, comprising:

the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first liquid crystal box and a second liquid crystal box, wherein the first liquid crystal box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, and one side of the first substrate is opposite to one side of the second substrate;

the viewing angle controller is arranged on the first liquid crystal box and comprises a second liquid crystal layer and a third substrate, the third substrate is arranged opposite to the other side of the second substrate, and the second liquid crystal layer is positioned between the second substrate and the third substrate;

the viewing angle controller and the other side of the second substrate form a second liquid crystal cell to prevent the second liquid crystal cell from being separated from the first liquid crystal cell, and the second liquid crystal cell is used for controlling the switching of the wide and narrow viewing angles of the liquid crystal display panel.

2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the third substrate comprises a touch electrode to implement a touch function.

3. The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1, wherein the first liquid crystal cell further comprises a first electrode layer including a pixel electrode and a common electrode, the first electrode layer being disposed on the first substrate for controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer.

4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the viewing angle controller further comprises a second electrode layer also including a pixel electrode and a common electrode, the second electrode layer being provided on a side of the second substrate facing the third substrate for controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer.

5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the viewing angle controller includes a light shielding layer provided on a side of the third substrate facing the second substrate or a side of the third substrate facing away from the second substrate.

6. The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1, wherein the first liquid crystal cell further comprises a color filter disposed between the second substrate and the first liquid crystal layer.

7. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first polarizer and a third polarizer, the first polarizer is disposed on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, and the third polarizer is disposed on a side of the third substrate facing away from the second substrate.

8. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 7, wherein the liquid crystal display panel comprises a second polarizer, and the second polarizer is disposed between the color filter and the second substrate.

9. The panel of claim 1, wherein the sidewall of the panel is provided with at least one conductive via electrically connecting at least one of the second and third substrates to the first substrate.

10. The panel of claim 9, wherein the conductive vias are located on different sidewalls of the panel to electrically connect the second substrate to the first substrate and the third substrate to the first substrate, respectively.

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