CN216545749U - Power protection system, power supply system and electric vehicle for efficiently suppressing fire - Google Patents
Power protection system, power supply system and electric vehicle for efficiently suppressing fire Download PDFInfo
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- CN216545749U CN216545749U CN202122168333.3U CN202122168333U CN216545749U CN 216545749 U CN216545749 U CN 216545749U CN 202122168333 U CN202122168333 U CN 202122168333U CN 216545749 U CN216545749 U CN 216545749U
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The utility model relates to a power protection system for efficiently suppressing a fire, a power supply system for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles. The power protection system for the electric vehicle for efficiently suppressing the fire comprises an air separation nitrogen making device, wherein a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device is used for being connected with a battery box; the power protection system for the electric vehicle further comprises a main controller, a monitoring sensor is arranged in the battery box, the monitoring sensor is connected with the main controller, and the liquid nitrogen valve is also connected with the main controller. The power supply protection system disclosed by the utility model adopts nitrogen to inhibit fire in the conventional use process, and adopts liquid nitrogen to realize rapid fire extinguishing in the thermal runaway state of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power protection system for an electric vehicle, a power supply system for the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, which can efficiently suppress fire, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles.
Background
With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, a fuel vehicle market-returning schedule is proposed by a plurality of countries in the world, and the development of the electric vehicle industry is further promoted.
The main factors influencing the development of the electric vehicle are the endurance mileage and the safety, and along with the continuous improvement of the state on the threshold of the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle, the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle on the market at present can basically meet the requirement, but the safety problem of the electric vehicle is still an important factor influencing the popularization of the electric vehicle.
Because the power batteries adopted by the conventional electric vehicle are basically lithium batteries, the thermal runaway of the lithium batteries can easily cause the electric vehicle to catch fire, smoke or even explode. After the lithium cell thermal runaway, the battery state worsens very fast, and current electric vehicle battery box adopts cartridge-packed dry powder fire extinguisher to put out a fire, puts out a fire with the interior dry powder fire extinguishing agent blowout of a section of thick bamboo when the condition of a fire appears, because the tube-shape shell of putting out a fire can't arrange inside the battery box, can only solve the outside low-voltage apparatus of battery box and pencil conflagration, the efficiency of this kind of mode of putting out a fire is lower moreover.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a power supply protection system, a power supply system and an electric vehicle for efficiently suppressing fire, which aim to improve the fire extinguishing efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a power protection system for an electric vehicle for efficiently suppressing fire comprises an air separation nitrogen making device, wherein a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device is used for being connected with a battery box so as to introduce nitrogen into the battery box; the power protection system for the electric vehicle further comprises a main controller and a monitoring sensor, wherein the monitoring sensor is used for monitoring the state of the battery box and is arranged in the battery box, the monitoring sensor is connected with the main controller, and the liquid nitrogen valve is also connected with the main controller.
The battery box monitoring sensor comprises a smoke sensor, a CO sensor and a temperature sensor.
The battery box monitoring sensor further comprises a VOC sensor.
The battery box monitoring sensor further comprises an oxygen concentration sensor.
The battery box monitoring sensor also comprises a gas pressure sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor.
The nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device is also connected with a nitrogen storage bottle, and the nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen storage bottle is connected with the battery box.
The nitrogen storage bottle is also provided with a temperature adjusting device for adjusting the temperature of the nitrogen storage bottle.
The air inlet that is provided with on the empty nitrogen plant that makes still is connected with air preprocessing device, air preprocessing device includes that the air lets in the pipeline, and the air lets in and is provided with the desicator on the pipeline.
A power supply system for an electric vehicle comprises a battery box and a power supply protection system connected with the battery box, wherein the power supply protection system comprises an air separation nitrogen making device, a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device is connected with the battery box so as to introduce nitrogen into the battery box, a nitrogen liquefying device is connected to a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device, a liquid nitrogen bottle for storing liquid nitrogen is connected to the nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen liquefying device, a liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle is connected with the battery box so as to introduce liquid nitrogen into the battery box, and a liquid nitrogen valve is arranged on the liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle; the power protection system for the electric vehicle further comprises a main controller and a battery box monitoring sensor which is connected with the main controller and arranged in the battery box, and the liquid nitrogen valve is also connected with the main controller.
An electric vehicle comprises a power supply system, wherein the power supply system comprises a battery box and a power supply protection system connected with the battery box, the power supply protection system comprises an air separation nitrogen making device, a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device is connected with the battery box so as to introduce nitrogen into the battery box, a nitrogen liquefying device is connected to a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device, a liquid nitrogen bottle used for storing liquid nitrogen is connected to a nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen liquefying device, a liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle is connected with the battery box so as to introduce liquid nitrogen into the battery box, and a liquid nitrogen valve is arranged on a liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle; the power protection system for the electric vehicle further comprises a main controller and a battery box monitoring sensor which is connected with the main controller and arranged in the battery box, and the liquid nitrogen valve is also connected with the main controller.
Has the advantages that:
the power supply protection system is characterized in that a nitrogen bottle and a liquid nitrogen bottle are arranged on a battery box at the same time and are respectively used for storing nitrogen and liquid nitrogen of gas, when the battery box normally works, the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle is used as inert gas, the power battery box is continuously inflated for 24 hours, combustible gas and oxygen in the battery box are replaced, and the oxygen concentration and the combustible gas concentration in the battery box are reduced to be lower than ignition critical values. The nitrogen gas in the battery box body is filled around the module and the high-voltage component in the box body, so that oxygen is isolated, combustion-supporting gas is isolated, and the safety of the battery box is improved. Namely, the electric box is filled with high-purity nitrogen in the conventional use process of the power battery, so that the content of combustion-supporting gas oxygen is reduced, and the occurrence of fire is inhibited. However, in the thermal runaway state of the battery, the low-temperature liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid nitrogen bottle is started in an emergency, and is rapidly filled into the electric box, so that the temperature in the electric box is rapidly reduced to be below the ignition point of combustible substances, and combustion-supporting gas is isolated, thereby realizing rapid fire extinguishing and ensuring the safety of the electric box and equipment. And simultaneously, the low-temperature liquid nitrogen quickly reduces the activity of the battery cell, so that the power battery stops supplying power. At the moment, the main controller of the device communicates with the main controller of the whole vehicle, the high voltage of the whole vehicle is cut off, and the safety of the battery and the equipment is ensured.
Furthermore, a high-pressure gas source in the conventional auxiliary gas cylinder can be shared on vehicles, ships and warships, and in other fields such as energy storage stations, the high-pressure gas source needs to be independently arranged, is used as a power source of a nitrogen making device to realize nitrogen-oxygen separation, separates out high-purity nitrogen and stores the nitrogen in a nitrogen cylinder.
The nitrogen cylinder is connected with the power battery box through the electromagnetic valve, and the nitrogen pressure sensor and the oxygen concentration sensor inside the power battery box communicate with the main controller, give electromagnetic valve on-off signals according to detected different state values, and the electromagnetic valve on-off control nitrogen enters the power battery box, and keeps nitrogen pressure and concentration in the power electromagnetic box, and inhibits the module and the high-voltage component in the power battery box from catching fire. After the nitrogen concentration reaches the set concentration in the electric box, gaseous nitrogen is converted into liquid nitrogen through pressurization and cooling and is stored in the nitrogen storage tank, when the sensor in the electric box detects abnormal conditions in the electric box, the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve is started, low-temperature liquid nitrogen is rapidly filled into the electric box, the temperature in the electric box is rapidly reduced to be below the ignition point of combustible materials, and combustion-supporting gas is isolated. The low-temperature liquid nitrogen reduces the activity of the battery, the battery stops supplying power, meanwhile, the main controller communicates with the whole vehicle, and the whole vehicle controller cuts off the high voltage of the equipment, so that the safety of the battery and the equipment is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle power protection system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle power protection system of the present embodiment includes a nitrogen generator 19, which is an air membrane separation nitrogen generator, and the air membrane separation nitrogen generator 19 is provided with an air inlet, a nitrogen outlet, and an oxygen outlet.
An air inlet of the air membrane separation nitrogen-making device 19 is connected with an air pretreatment device, and the air pretreatment device comprises an auxiliary gas cylinder 1, a main electromagnetic valve 2 and a dryer 3 of the whole vehicle which are sequentially connected by pipelines. The general electromagnetic valve 2 is used for controlling the gas outflow speed in the auxiliary brake gas cylinder 1, and the dryer 3 is used for drying the gas flowing out of the auxiliary brake gas cylinder to remove moisture and partial impurities in the gas.
The nitrogen outlet of the air membrane separation nitrogen making device 19 is connected with the battery boxes 9 through a pipeline, the pipeline between the nitrogen outlet and the battery boxes 9 comprises a main connecting pipe, one end of the main connecting pipe is connected with the nitrogen outlet of the air membrane separation nitrogen making device, the other end of the main connecting pipe is connected with a plurality of connecting branch pipes, one ends of the connecting branch pipes are connected with the main connecting pipe, and the other ends of the connecting branch pipes are respectively connected with the battery boxes 9. Each connecting branch pipe is connected with one battery box, one end of each connecting branch pipe, which is far away from the connecting main pipe, is connected to the air inlet of the battery box 9, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on each connecting branch pipe to control the amount of nitrogen introduced into the battery box 9.
The air membrane separation nitrogen making device 19 is also provided with a stored nitrogen outlet, and the stored nitrogen outlet is connected with a nitrogen storage bottle 5 which can be used for storing nitrogen prepared by the nitrogen making device. The nitrogen storage bottle is connected with the battery box through a pipeline, and a nitrogen storage one-way valve 6 is arranged on the pipeline. The nitrogen liquefying device is connected to the nitrogen storage outlet and can be an air separation oxygen-nitrogen liquefying device or a pressurizing cooling liquefying device to liquefy nitrogen into liquid nitrogen. The nitrogen liquefying device is also connected with a liquid nitrogen bottle 20 for storing the liquefied liquid nitrogen.
The air outlets of the nitrogen storage bottle 5 and the liquid nitrogen bottle 20 are respectively connected with each battery box through pipelines so as to introduce nitrogen or liquid nitrogen into the battery boxes. The nitrogen storage bottle is provided with a nitrogen storage pressure sensor 4. And a nitrogen storage bottle temperature sensor is also arranged on the gas outlet of the nitrogen storage bottle, and is used for monitoring the temperature of the nitrogen at the gas outlet. The nitrogen storage bottle is also provided with a nitrogen storage temperature adjusting device 7 for adjusting the temperature of the nitrogen storage bottle. The nitrogen storage temperature adjusting device comprises a constant temperature box and a constant temperature medium arranged in the constant temperature box. The liquid nitrogen bottle is also externally provided with a liquid nitrogen temperature adjusting device 21 for adjusting the temperature of the liquid nitrogen bottle.
The gas outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle is connected with each battery box through a pipeline and is used for controlling the output of liquid nitrogen. Specifically, a main valve is arranged in the nitrogen making device, a tee joint is arranged in front of the main valve, the nitrogen storage bottle and the liquid nitrogen are respectively connected with the main valve, and then the liquid nitrogen is provided for each battery box through the main valve to serve as an inhibitor and a fire extinguishing agent. The pipeline connecting the liquid nitrogen and the tee is connected with a liquid nitrogen one-way valve 22.
Each battery box is internally provided with a hydrogen concentration sensor 10, a smoke concentration sensor 11, a VOC sensor 12, a CO sensor 13, a temperature sensor 14, an oxygen concentration sensor 15 and a pressure sensor 16, and various indexes in the battery box are monitored in real time. When the ternary lithium battery is adopted, once thermal runaway occurs, a large amount of hydrogen is released, and the hydrogen content can be detected at the early stage of the thermal runaway through the hydrogen concentration sensor 10, so that early discovery, early warning and early intervention can be realized.
The battery protection system further comprises a main controller 8, and a memory is further connected to the main controller. And a hydrogen concentration sensor 10, a smoke concentration sensor 11, a VOC sensor 12, a CO sensor 13, a temperature sensor 14, an oxygen concentration sensor 15 and a pressure sensor 16 in the battery box are all connected with the main controller. The main electromagnetic valve and the electromagnetic valve on each battery box are also connected with the main controller.
The nitrogen storage bottle is provided with a pressure sensor 4 for monitoring the gas pressure in the nitrogen storage bottle, and the pressure sensor is also connected with the main controller. And a pressure sensor is also arranged at the air outlet of the nitrogen making device.
The main controller is also connected with an equipment controller 23, and the equipment controller is connected with an equipment high-voltage circuit 24 and used for opening or closing the equipment high-voltage circuit.
The main controller judges the surplus of the nitrogen in the nitrogen storage bottle according to the signal monitored by the pressure sensor of the nitrogen storage bottle, and according to the set control logic, when the gas pressure in the nitrogen storage bottle is smaller than a set value, the main controller controls the main electromagnetic valve to be opened, the high-pressure air in the auxiliary gas bottle is output, moisture and impurities in the air are filtered by the drier, the high-purity nitrogen enters the nitrogen making device, the high-purity nitrogen is separated, and the high-purity nitrogen enters the nitrogen storage bottle to be stored.
The hydrogen concentration sensor 10, the smoke concentration sensor 11, the VOC sensor 12, the CO sensor 13, the temperature sensor 14, the oxygen concentration sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 in the battery box monitor all indexes in the battery box, and transmit the monitored signals to the main controller, the main controller compares data measured by the sensors with parameters in set logic, comprehensively judges whether all the parameters exceed set thresholds, and then determines whether to open the electromagnetic valves of the connecting branch pipes on the corresponding battery box, the electromagnetic valves are multiple, and the electromagnetic valves comprise a first electromagnetic valve 17 and a second electromagnetic valve 18. And if the monitoring parameters in the battery boxes exceed the set threshold values, the corresponding electromagnetic valves are opened, and the nitrogen in the nitrogen storage bottles is filled into the corresponding battery boxes.
Specifically, a hydrogen concentration sensor detects the hydrogen content in the electric box, a smoke concentration sensor detects the smoke concentration when the battery is out of control thermally, a VOC sensor detects the organic matter content released when the battery is out of control thermally, a CO sensor detects the CO content released when the battery is out of control thermally, a temperature sensor detects the temperature in the electric box, an oxygen concentration sensor detects the oxygen concentration in the electric box, and a pressure sensor detects the gas pressure value in the electric box. The detection values of all the sensors are communicated with the controller, and the controller judges whether to charge nitrogen gas into the electric box or charge liquid nitrogen into the electric box according to a set value and a judgment logic, and simultaneously gives out an audible and visual alarm to cut off high voltage.
When the concentration of the nitrogen in the battery box reaches a set value, the introduction of the nitrogen into the battery box is stopped, and the nitrogen liquefying device is started to convert the redundant nitrogen into liquid nitrogen which is stored in the liquid nitrogen bottle 20.
When a sensor in the battery box judges that thermal runaway occurs in the battery box, the main controller controls the check valve on the liquid nitrogen bottle to open, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the battery box through the corresponding pipeline, the temperature in the battery box is rapidly reduced to be below the ignition point of combustible materials, and meanwhile, the main controller controls the switch of the battery box to stop supplying power to the PACK.
The main controller controls the equipment controller to disconnect a high-voltage circuit of the equipment, so that the safety of the battery box is ensured.
The electric motor car of this embodiment is [ electric ] motor coach, like electric bus etc. including the automobile body, installs power supply system on the automobile body, and power supply system includes a plurality of battery boxes and BMS system, still includes above-mentioned power protection system.
Claims (10)
1. A power protection system for efficiently suppressing fire is characterized by comprising an air separation nitrogen making device, wherein a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device is used for being connected with a battery box so as to introduce nitrogen into the battery box; the power protection system further comprises a main controller, a monitoring sensor used for monitoring the state of the battery box is arranged in the battery box, the monitoring sensor is connected with the main controller, and the liquid nitrogen valve is also connected with the main controller.
2. A power protection system with high fire suppression efficiency according to claim 1, wherein said monitoring sensors comprise smoke sensors, CO sensors, and temperature sensors.
3. The power protection system with high fire suppression efficiency according to claim 2, wherein said monitoring sensor further comprises a VOC sensor.
4. The power protection system with high fire suppression efficiency according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring sensor further comprises an oxygen concentration sensor.
5. The power protection system with high fire suppression efficiency according to claim 4, wherein the monitoring sensor further comprises a gas pressure sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor.
6. The power protection system for suppressing fire disaster with high efficiency as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a nitrogen storage bottle is further connected to the nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen generating device, and the nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen storage bottle is connected to the battery box.
7. The power protection system for suppressing fire with high efficiency as claimed in claim 6, wherein said nitrogen storage bottle is further provided with a nitrogen storage temperature adjusting device for adjusting the temperature of the nitrogen storage bottle.
8. The power protection system for suppressing fire effectively as claimed in claim 7, wherein the air inlet of the air separation nitrogen generating device is connected with an air pre-treatment device, the air pre-treatment device comprises an air inlet pipeline, and a dryer is arranged on the air inlet pipeline.
9. A power supply system for an electric vehicle is characterized by comprising a battery box and a power supply protection system connected with the battery box, wherein the power supply protection system comprises an air separation nitrogen making device, a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device is connected with the battery box so as to introduce nitrogen into the battery box, a nitrogen liquefying device is connected to a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device, a liquid nitrogen bottle for storing liquid nitrogen is connected to the nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen liquefying device, a liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle is connected with the battery box so as to introduce liquid nitrogen into the battery box, and a liquid nitrogen valve is arranged on the liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle; the power protection system for the electric vehicle further comprises a main controller and a battery box monitoring sensor which is connected with the main controller and arranged in the battery box, and the liquid nitrogen valve is also connected with the main controller.
10. An electric vehicle comprises a power supply system and is characterized in that the power supply system comprises a battery box and a power supply protection system connected with the battery box, the power supply protection system comprises an air separation nitrogen making device, a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device is connected with the battery box so as to introduce nitrogen into the battery box, a nitrogen liquefying device is connected to a nitrogen outlet of the air separation nitrogen making device, a liquid nitrogen bottle used for storing liquid nitrogen is connected to a nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen liquefying device, a liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle is connected with the battery box so as to introduce liquid nitrogen into the battery box, and a liquid nitrogen valve is arranged on a liquid nitrogen outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle; the power protection system for the electric vehicle further comprises a main controller and a battery box monitoring sensor which is connected with the main controller and arranged in the battery box, and the liquid nitrogen valve is also connected with the main controller.
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| CN202122168333.3U CN216545749U (en) | 2021-09-08 | 2021-09-08 | Power protection system, power supply system and electric vehicle for efficiently suppressing fire |
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| CN202122168333.3U CN216545749U (en) | 2021-09-08 | 2021-09-08 | Power protection system, power supply system and electric vehicle for efficiently suppressing fire |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114821941A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-29 | 河南工程学院 | Automobile fire early-stage defense system and working method thereof |
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- 2021-09-08 CN CN202122168333.3U patent/CN216545749U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114821941A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-29 | 河南工程学院 | Automobile fire early-stage defense system and working method thereof |
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