CN216542656U

CN216542656U - Honing machine of high efficiency, high accuracy

Info

Publication number: CN216542656U
Application number: CN202123145947.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Jiangsu Haichuan Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Haichuan Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-14
Filing date: 2021-12-14
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-14

Abstract

The invention provides a high-efficiency and high-precision honing machine, which comprises: the feeding mechanism comprises an aluminum sliding seat, a main shaft, a feeding seat, a first linear motor, a first grating ruler, a pressure sensor and a push column, and the reciprocating mechanism comprises a rack, a second linear motor, a second grating ruler and a guide rail. The invention has the advantages that: through setting up the grating chi, can directly feed back the displacement volume of feeding the seat to linear electric motor driver, can realize full closed-loop control, and moment amplification drive mechanism is few, and control sensitivity is high, pressure sensor directly feeds back linear electric motor's thrust load to the user, because there is not miscellaneous moment amplification drive mechanism between linear electric motor and the oilstone expansion mechanism, so the expanding force size of feedback oilstone that original mechanism can be comparatively accurate is compared to its thrust, can realize feeding the full closed-loop control that the seat reciprocated, its control accuracy is high, feedback sensitivity is high, can improve the precision of feed amount and the size of minimum feed amount.

Description

Honing machine of high efficiency, high accuracy

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of honing machines, in particular to an efficient and high-precision honing machine.

Background

The honing machine is a grinding machine for honing the finish machining surface of a workpiece by using a honing head, and mainly processes various high-precision difficult-to-machine holes in parts, such as small holes in a hydraulic cylinder body and a valve body, holes in an engine cylinder body and the like. The difficulty in machining these holes is small (up to 2mm minimum), high precision (0.0005 mm roundness and 0.001mm hole diameter precision), and good surface quality (Ra0.05 μm roughness). To meet these machining requirements, a high-precision feed mechanism plays a very important role. At present, numerical control feeding is mainly divided into constant pressure feeding and quantitative feeding.

1) Constant pressure feeding

The total feed pressure is constant in this manner, but during the honing process, the roughness of the machined surface is continuously reduced, the contact point of the oilstone (also called honing stick) with the surface is continuously increased, and the unit pressure of the oilstone acting on the surface is correspondingly reduced, so that the cutting action of the oilstone is continuously reduced. In the rough machining, when a high point is met, the machining mode is used for machining in a constant-pressure mode, so that the load of a spindle motor cannot be suddenly increased. The controllable and uniformly distributed pressure in the finish machining process can obtain a very excellent machined surface, and the highest precision can reach Ra0.2.

2) Quantitative feeding

The oilstone is always forced to expand and feed at a preset speed. After the honing head enters the hole and expands rapidly to approach the surface of the workpiece, the oilstone is forced to expand, and the oilstone can generate a self-sharpening effect. This feeding mode has the ability to correct errors in the geometry of the hole in addition to achieving a lower surface roughness. Meanwhile, the quantitative feeding can realize that the set machining amount is very close to the actual machining amount, so that the batch and automation of parts can be realized. The higher the quantitative feeding accuracy, the less the detection intervention, the higher the machining accuracy and the higher the machining efficiency. Accurate quantitative feeding is an important development direction of the honing feeding mechanism at present. Further, the constant pressure feed and the constant feed to the combined mixed feed are one direction to further improve the honing precision and efficiency.

The main feeding mechanisms of the existing honing machine are a hydraulic feeding mechanism and a feeding mechanism with a speed reducer and a servo motor driving a rolling screw rod. The former can only feed at a fixed pressure, but can not feed quantitatively, while the latter is mainly used for quantitative feeding, and a few of the former also have a fixed pressure feeding function, but the reaction sensitivity is low because a large number of transmission mechanisms influence the feeding amount, and the pressure feedback is inaccurate. This function has not been widely popularized in high precision vertical honing machines.

In addition, the reciprocating mechanism of the honing machine plays an important role in the processing efficiency and the processing precision of the hole. Efficient honing requires that the reciprocating motion of the main shaft of the honing machine has the characteristics of large stroke, high speed, high reversing frequency and the like. Meanwhile, the stability of the reciprocating motion speed, the accuracy of the reversing position, the size of reversing impact and the speed of the reversing process all influence the shape accuracy and the reticulate pattern quality of the workpiece.

The traditional reciprocating mechanism adopts a servo motor to increase a lead ball screw. Because the inertia of the mechanism is large, the reversing is difficult to take into account in high frequency and stability, the precision of the reversing position is low, the reversing impact is large, the machining precision of blind holes and stepped holes is influenced to a certain extent, and the rigidity requirement of a machine tool is high.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new honing machine to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an efficient and high-precision honing machine, and solves the technical problems that the existing transmission mechanism influences the feeding amount, the pressure feedback is inaccurate, and the reaction sensitivity is low.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an efficient and high-precision honing machine, including: the top of the machine tool stand column is connected with a beam in a matching manner, the feeding mechanism comprises an aluminum sliding seat, a main shaft, a feeding seat, a first linear motor, a pressure sensor and a push column, the first linear motor is arranged on one side of the feeding seat and fixedly connected with the feeding seat, a first grating ruler is arranged on the first linear motor, the pressure sensor is arranged on one side of the first linear motor and used for detecting the feeding pressure of the feeding seat, the main shaft is fixed on the aluminum sliding seat through a fixing piece, two ends of the main shaft penetrate through the aluminum sliding seat, honing oilstones are installed at the lower end part of the main shaft, the push column is arranged above the honing oilstones and fixedly connected with the feeding seat, the first linear motor is used for driving the feeding seat to move up and down, the feeding seat drives the push column to move so as to control the expansion of the honing oilstones, reciprocating mechanism includes frame, second linear electric motor and guide rail, second linear electric motor fixed mounting be in the frame, the guide rail symmetry sets up the both sides in the frame, second linear electric motor pass through the mounting with aluminium slide fixed connection is used for driving the aluminium slide and is in up-and-down motion in the guide rail.

The further technical scheme is as follows:

the reciprocating mechanism further comprises a counterweight part, and the counterweight part is fixedly arranged on the cross beam.

And a second grating ruler is arranged on the second linear motor.

The further technical scheme is as follows:

the honing machine also comprises a cooling mechanism, wherein the cooling mechanism comprises a honing oil through pipeline communicated with an oil tank of the honing machine, the tail end of the honing oil through pipeline is connected with a spray head, and the spray head is arranged on one side of the honing oilstone.

Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,

the counterweight component is a counterweight cylinder.

And a pump and a regulating valve are arranged on the cooling medium circulation pipeline.

Compared with the related art, the honing machine provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the honing machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the mechanism is in a straight dragging structure from the mechanical structure, and the linear motor has a high thrust characteristic, so that compared with the conventional honing machine in which a servo motor drives a speed reducer and a rolling screw, the honing machine does not need to convert the rotary motion into the linear motion, a large number of transmission structures and moment amplification structures (the speed reducer and the ball screw) are omitted, and the precision of quantitative feeding can be improved.

2. According to the honing machine provided by the invention, the first grating ruler directly feeds back the displacement of the feeding seat to the first linear motor driver from the control structure, so that full closed-loop control can be realized, and the control sensitivity is high. Thus realizing high-precision and micro-feeding quantitative feeding. The error of the feeding amount can be controlled to be 0.5 μm, and the minimum feeding amount can reach 1 μm. The first linear motor can also realize the detection and closed-loop control of the feeding pressure by combining with the pressure sensor, and the thrust value of the first linear motor can feed back the expansion force of the oilstone more accurately than that of the original mechanism, so that the accurate constant-pressure feeding is realized, the change of the pressure can be detected in real time in the quantitative feeding, the feeding amount is adjusted in real time, and the honing head is prevented from being locked. Therefore, the mechanism adopts a feeding mode which can realize the alternative combination of constant pressure and fixed quantity, thereby exerting the advantages of both fixed quantity and constant pressure.

3. Compared with the original driving mechanism with a servo motor and a ball screw, the honing machine provided by the invention has the following advantages that: high-speed reciprocating motion can be realized, and the highest reciprocating speed can reach 80 m/min; the full closed-loop control of the position precision is realized, the servo sensitivity is high, so that the high-speed precision positioning is realized, when the speed reaches the highest speed, the precision of a reciprocating point can reach 0.02mm by matching with the grating closed-loop control, and the full closed-loop control is very important for blind hole processing and stepped hole processing; the motion inertia is reduced, high-frequency forward and reverse motion is realized without a lead screw, and the reversing impact is small; the straightness of the movement of the sliding block is only controlled by the guide rail and cannot be influenced by the lead screw, so that the debugging is simplified; the mechanism is more compact and has longer service life.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reciprocating mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a structure a in fig. 1.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. the device comprises an aluminum sliding seat, 2, a main shaft, 3, a feeding seat, 4, a first linear motor, 5, a pressure sensor, 6, a pushing column, 7, a first grating ruler, 8, honing oilstones, 9, a counterweight component, 10, a frame, 11, a second linear motor, 12, a guide rail, 13, a second grating ruler, 14, a cooling medium circulation pipeline, 15, a spray head, 16, a pump, 17 and a regulating valve.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.

First embodiment

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention discloses an efficient and high-precision honing machine, which comprises: the top of the machine tool stand column is connected with a beam in a matching manner, the feeding mechanism comprises an aluminum sliding seat 1, a main shaft 2, a feeding seat 3, a first linear motor 4, a pressure sensor 5 and a push column 6, the first linear motor 4 is arranged on one side of the feeding seat 3 and is fixedly connected with the feeding seat 3, a first grating ruler 7 is arranged on the first linear motor 4, the pressure sensor 5 is arranged on one side of the first linear motor 4 and is used for detecting the feeding pressure of the feeding seat 3, the main shaft 2 is fixed on the aluminum sliding seat 1 through a fixing piece, two ends of the main shaft 2 penetrate through the aluminum sliding seat 1, a honing oilstone 8 is arranged at the lower end part of the main shaft 2, the push column 6 is arranged above the honing oilstone 8 and is fixedly connected with the feeding seat 3, the first linear motor 4 is used for driving the feeding seat 3 to move up and down, feed seat 3 and drive and push away post 6 motion to control honing stone 8's inflation, reciprocating mechanism includes frame 10, second linear electric motor 11 and guide rail 12, second linear electric motor 11 fixed mounting be in frame 10, be provided with second grating chi 13 on the second linear electric motor 11, guide rail 12 symmetry sets up the both sides in frame 10, second linear electric motor 11 through the mounting with 1 fixed connection of aluminium slide for it is in to drive aluminium slide 1 up-and-down motion in the guide rail 11.

In the embodiment, the first linear motor 4 adopted by the feeding mechanism has a characteristic of high thrust, and compared with an original servo motor driving a speed reducer and a rolling screw, the feeding mechanism does not need to convert the rotary motion into linear motion, so that a large number of transmission structures and moment amplification structures (the speed reducer and the ball screw) are eliminated, and the precision of quantitative feeding can be improved. And the first grating ruler 7 directly feeds back the displacement of the feeding seat 3 to the driver of the first linear motor 4, so that full closed-loop control can be realized, and the control sensitivity is high. Thus realizing high-precision and micro-feeding quantitative feeding. The error of the feeding amount can be controlled to be 0.5 μm, and the minimum feeding amount can reach 1 μm. The first linear motor 11 can also realize the detection and closed-loop control of the feeding pressure by combining the pressure sensor 5, and the thrust value of the first linear motor can feed back the expansion force of the oilstone more accurately than that of the original mechanism, so that the accurate constant-pressure feeding is realized, the pressure change can be detected in real time in the quantitative feeding, the feeding amount is adjusted in real time, and the honing head is prevented from being locked.

In the embodiment, compared with the original driving mechanism with a servo motor and a ball screw, the direct-drive reciprocating mechanism can realize high-speed reciprocating motion, and the highest reciprocating speed can reach 80 m/min; the high-speed precision positioning can be realized, when the speed reaches the highest speed, the grating closed-loop control is matched, the positioning precision of a reciprocating point can reach 0.02mm, the movement inertia is reduced, high-frequency forward and reverse movement is realized without a lead screw, and the reversing impact is small; the straightness of the movement of the sliding block is only controlled by the guide rail and cannot be influenced by the lead screw, so that the debugging is simplified; the mechanism is more compact and has longer service life.

Preferably, as a second embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment is a further improvement of the first embodiment, and the reciprocating mechanism further includes a weight member 9, and the weight member 9 is mounted and fixed on the cross beam. In the present embodiment, the weight member 9 is a cylinder. The counterweight cylinder is arranged, so that the stability of the reciprocating mechanism during working can be further improved, and the requirements of large stroke, high speed, high reversing frequency and the like required by the reciprocating motion of the main shaft can be met.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, as a third embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment is a further improvement of the first embodiment, and the high-precision honing machine of the present invention further includes a cooling mechanism, the cooling mechanism includes a honing oil circulating pipeline 14 for communicating with an oil tank of the honing machine, a spray head 15 is connected to a terminal of the honing oil circulating pipeline 14, and the spray head 15 is disposed on one side of the honing oilstone 8. In use, the staff can open pump 16 and make the honing oil in the honing oil case enter into honing oil through pipe 14 inside to from the inside blowout of shower nozzle 15, and fall the surface of honing oilstone 8, cool off honing oilstone 8, thereby prolong honing oilstone 8's life, improve its result of use.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient, high precision honing machine comprising: the top of the machine tool stand column is connected with a cross beam in a matching manner, the feeding mechanism comprises an aluminum sliding seat (1), a main shaft (2), a feeding seat (3), a first linear motor (4), a pressure sensor (5) and a pushing column (6), the first linear motor (4) is arranged on one side of the feeding seat (3) and is fixedly connected with the feeding seat (3), a first grating ruler (7) is arranged on the first linear motor (4), the pressure sensor (5) is arranged on one side of the first linear motor (4) and is used for detecting the feeding pressure of the feeding seat (3), the main shaft (2) is fixed on the aluminum sliding seat (1) through a fixing piece, two ends of the main shaft (2) penetrate through the aluminum sliding seat (1), a honing oilstone (8) is installed at the lower end part of the main shaft (2), and the pushing column (6) is arranged above the honing oilstone (8), and with feed seat (3) fixed connection, first linear electric motor (4) are used for the drive feed seat (3) up-and-down motion, feed seat (3) and drive and push away post (6) motion, in order to control the inflation of honing oilstone (8), reciprocating mechanism includes frame (10), second linear electric motor (11) and guide rail (12), second linear electric motor (11) fixed mounting in frame (10), guide rail (12) symmetry sets up the both sides in frame (10), second linear electric motor (11) through the mounting with aluminium slide (1) fixed connection for drive aluminium slide (1) up-and-down motion in guide rail (12).

2. An efficient and high precision honing machine according to claim 1, wherein said reciprocating mechanism further comprises a weight member (9), said weight member (9) being fixedly mounted on said beam.

3. An efficient and high precision honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the second linear motor (11) is provided with a second grating scale (13).

4. An efficient and high precision honing machine according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling mechanism, wherein the cooling mechanism comprises a honing oil circulating pipe (14) for communicating with an oil tank of the honing machine, the honing oil circulating pipe (14) is connected with a spray head (15) at the end, and the spray head (15) is arranged at one side of the honing oilstone (8).

5. An efficient and high precision honing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the weight member (9) is a weight cylinder.

6. A highly efficient and highly accurate honing machine according to claim 3, wherein the honing oil flow channel (14) is provided with a pump (16) and a regulating valve (17).