CN216541342U

CN216541342U - Electron beam welding device

Info

Publication number: CN216541342U
Application number: CN202123301009.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨丛莱; 牟智慧; 赵辉; 郭润兵; 张占军; 郑晓冰
Original assignee: Beijing High Energy Ruixin Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing High Energy Ruixin Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-24
Filing date: 2021-12-24
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electron beam welding device which comprises a welding chamber, wherein the welding chamber is arranged in a sealing mode, an air suction port and an air charging port are arranged on the welding chamber, the air charging port is connected with a protective gas pipeline through a first valve, and the air charging port is connected with an atmosphere pipeline through a second valve; the air pumping port is connected with an air pumping pump through a third valve. According to the electron beam welding device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, under the original heat dissipation condition, the heat convection heat exchange of the protective gas is increased, the heat dissipation speed is improved, the welding part can be effectively protected, the cooling time after welding is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Electron beam welding device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electron beam welding, in particular to an electron beam welding device.

Background

The electron beam welding is to bombard a welding surface placed in vacuum or non-vacuum by using accelerated and focused electron beams to melt a workpiece to be welded so as to realize welding. Electron beam welding is the most widely used electron beam welding for vacuum electron beam welding. The electron beam welding has the advantages of no solder, difficult oxidation, good process repeatability and small thermal deformation, and is widely applied to various industries such as aerospace, atomic energy, national defense, military industry, automobiles and the like.

The heat conduction modes of the welded workpiece comprise three modes, namely heat convection, heat conduction and heat radiation. In the electron beam vacuum environment, the gas is thin, the heat convection heat transfer effect can be ignored, and if protective gas (such as nitrogen) can be introduced at a proper temperature of the workpiece, the heat convection heat transfer effect can be greatly increased; the heat conduction can transfer part of heat to components such as the tool, the turntable and the like, but when the components are continuously welded, residual heat of the tool and the turntable is accumulated for a long time, so that the heat conduction effect is not ideal; thermal radiation heat transfer can transfer heat to metal objects such as the inner wall of a vacuum chamber without depending on a medium, so whether vacuum is used or not has a limited effect on the manner.

In the existing postweld cooling mode, postweld is required to be kept stand for waiting in a vacuum state (the time is 0.5 h-2 h), and when the temperature is lower than a specified value, the postweld can be discharged to release vacuum, so that the weldment is fully cooled. In the prior art, the cooling time after welding is too long, the heat dissipation efficiency after welding is low, the whole welding period is too long, and the production efficiency is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks or disadvantages of the prior art, it is desirable to provide an electron beam welding apparatus that can improve the post-weld cooling efficiency.

An electron beam welding device comprises a welding chamber which is arranged in a sealing mode, wherein an air suction port and an air inflation port are arranged on the welding chamber, the air inflation port is connected with a protective gas pipeline through a first valve, and the air inflation port is connected with an atmosphere pipeline through a second valve; the air pumping port is connected with an air pumping pump through a third valve.

Optionally, the third valve is configured to maintain an open state during welding, and the vacuum state in the welding chamber is maintained by continuously pumping air through the air pump.

Optionally, the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are kept closed for a first time after welding, so that a vacuum state is maintained in the welding chamber.

Optionally, the first valve is configured to remain open for a second time after the first time and to close after the gas pressure within the welding chamber is maintained in equilibrium; and the second valve and the third valve are kept in a closed state in the second time.

Optionally, the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are kept in a closed state for a third time after the second time, so that the workpiece in the welding chamber is still cooled to the temperature in the closed state.

Optionally, the third valve is configured to remain in an open state for a fourth time after the third time, and the first and second valves are configured to remain in a closed state for the fourth time.

Optionally, the second valve is configured to remain in an open state after the fourth time, and the first and third valves are configured to remain in a closed state after the fourth time.

Optionally, the air pump further comprises a control device electrically connected to the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the air pump.

Optionally, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor connected with the control device are arranged in the welding chamber.

Optionally, the device further comprises an air storage tank connected with the protective gas pipeline.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model can have the following beneficial effects:

according to the electron beam welding device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, under the original heat dissipation condition, the heat convection heat exchange of the protective gas is increased, the heat dissipation speed is improved, the welding part can be effectively protected, the cooling time after welding is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum evacuation apparatus for a welding chamber according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electron beam welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electron beam welding apparatus (with a welding chamber housing removed) according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the interior of a weld chamber provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pitching rotating platform provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a weld chamber interior provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a top view of another weld chamber interior provided by embodiments of the present application.

In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,

1. a welding chamber; 2. a first displacement mechanism; 3. a first rotating mechanism; 4. a second rotating mechanism; 5. an electron gun; 6. a second displacement mechanism; 7. a pitching rotary table; 8. a transmission mechanism; 9. a first vacuum extractor; 10. a second vacuum extractor;

101. a clamp; 102. a fixed seat; 103. a first drive gear set; 104. a second drive gear set; 105. a first gear; 106. a second gear; 107. a driving gear; 108. a driven gear; 109. a third drive gear set; 110. a third gear; 111. a fourth gear; 112. a first bracket; 113. a second bracket; 114. an accommodating chamber;

201. an air extraction opening; 202. an inflation inlet; 203. a first valve; 204. a shielding gas duct; 205. a gas storage tank; 206. a second valve; 207. an atmospheric duct; 208. a third valve; 209. an air pump;

301. a pipe in a shape of a Chinese character 'hui'; 302. cold trap; 303. and (4) a cold trap host.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the utility model. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 in detail, the present application provides an electron beam welding apparatus including a welding chamber 1 and an electron gun 5 located on the welding chamber 1.

The welding chamber 1 is provided with an extraction opening 201 and an inflation opening 202, wherein the inflation opening 202 is connected with a protective gas pipeline 204 through a first valve 203, the protective gas pipeline 204 is connected with a gas storage tank 205 for storing protective gas, and the inflation opening 202 is connected with an atmosphere pipeline 207 through a second valve 206; the pumping port 201 is provided with a third vacuum pumping device connected with a pumping pump 209 through a third valve 208.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first valve 203, the second valve 206, the third valve 208, and the suction pump 209 are electrically connected to a control device. In addition, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor connected with the control device are arranged in the welding chamber 1.

In the embodiment of the application, the electron beam welding device can realize one-time installation, vacuum pumping and multiple continuous welding. By using the device, the times of opening and closing the vacuum chamber can be reduced, the times of installation can be reduced, the times of vacuumizing can be reduced, and the like, so that the working time for auxiliary welding can be reduced, the proportion of the welding time can be increased, and the purpose of improving the welding working efficiency can be realized.

When the welding machine is applied, welding postures (welding height and welding angle) of workpieces to be welded at different stations can be synchronously adjusted, meanwhile, the workpieces to be welded can synchronously rotate, and the rotating speed is consistent with that of an output shaft, so that the programming workload is reduced during continuous welding, and the aim of welding work efficiency is further fulfilled.

When welding certain welding seams with high requirements or special materials (such as low-temperature superconducting equipment and the like), the local temperature of the welding seams reaches the melting point of the materials, welding is carried out in a strict high-vacuum environment in order to prevent the materials from generating adverse changes in a high-temperature state, and after welding, a workpiece needs to be cooled below a specified temperature so as to be communicated with the atmosphere to be contacted with air, particularly oxygen.

The heat conduction mode of the welded workpiece comprises three modes, namely heat convection, heat conduction and heat radiation. In the electron beam vacuum environment, the gas is thin, the heat convection heat transfer effect can be ignored, and if protective gas (such as nitrogen) can be introduced at a proper temperature of the workpiece, the heat convection heat transfer effect can be greatly increased; the heat conduction can transfer part of heat to components such as the tool, the turntable and the like, but when the components are continuously welded, residual heat of the tool and the turntable is accumulated for a long time, so that the heat conduction effect is not ideal; thermal radiation heat transfer can transfer heat to metal objects such as the inner wall of a vacuum chamber without depending on a medium, so whether vacuum is used or not has a limited effect on the manner.

Specifically, the third valve 208 is configured to maintain an open state during welding, and the vacuum state in the welding chamber is maintained by continuously pumping air through the suction pump. The first valve 203, the second valve 206, and the third valve 208 are kept closed for a first time after welding to maintain a vacuum state in the welding chamber.

The first valve 203 is configured to remain open for a second time after the first time and to close after the gas pressure within the welding chamber remains balanced; the second valve 206 and the third valve 208 are kept closed for the second time.

The first valve 203, the second valve 206 and the third valve 208 are kept in a closed state in a third time after the second time, so that the workpieces in the welding chamber are still cooled to the temperature in the closed state.

The third valve 208 is configured to remain open for a fourth time after the third time, and the first and

second valves

203, 206 are configured to remain closed for the fourth time.

The second valve 206 is configured to remain open after the fourth time, and the first and

third valves

203, 208 are configured to remain closed after the fourth time.

In the present embodiment, nitrogen or an inert gas may be used as the protective gas as needed. In specific application, the gas can be adjusted to other gases according to the protection requirement of parts. When the workpiece is cooled after welding, due to the local high temperature of the electron beam molten pool, the protective gas is filled at the moment to generate adverse influence on the welding seam, and after the workpiece is cooled after standing for 3-5 min, the whole temperature of the workpiece is basically uniform. And (3) closing the third valve 208 (at the moment, the first valve 203 and the second valve 206 are in a closed state), keeping the welding chamber 1 in a vacuum isolation state, then opening the first valve 203 to fill protective gas, closing the first valve 203 after the gas pressure of the welding chamber 1 is balanced, keeping the state, standing and cooling, and monitoring the temperature of the weldment at any time. When the temperature of the weldment reaches the specified temperature (such as 100 ℃), the third valve 208 is opened, the pump set pumps out the hot shielding gas in the welding chamber 1 and exhausts the hot shielding gas to the atmosphere, and the third valve 208 can be closed after about 3 min. Then the second valve 206 is opened, the atmosphere is charged, the vacuum is released, the welding chamber 1 is opened, and the workpiece to be welded can be replaced after further cooling.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, in the embodiment of the present application, a first displacement mechanism 2, a first rotating mechanism 3, and a second rotating mechanism 4 are provided in the welding chamber 1, and a second displacement mechanism 6 is further provided on the welding chamber 1.

The first displacement mechanism 2 is used for driving a workpiece to move along a first direction X; the second shifting mechanism 6 is configured to drive the electron gun 5 to move along a second direction Y, where the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y; a plurality of stations are arranged on the first displacement mechanism 2, and a clamp 101 for clamping the workpiece is arranged on each station; the first rotating mechanism 3 is used for driving the clamp 101 to rotate around the axis of the clamp 101; the second rotating mechanism 4 is configured to drive the clamp 101 to rotate along a third direction Z.

In the embodiment of the present application, a fixing base 102 fixedly connected to the first displacement mechanism 2 and a pitching rotary table 7 disposed on the fixing base 102 and pivotally connected to the fixing base 102 are further disposed in the welding chamber 1, and the pitching rotary table 7 is driven by the second rotating mechanism 4 to rotate along the third direction Z.

It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the moving direction of the first shifting mechanism 2 is defined as a first direction X, and the moving direction of the second shifting mechanism 6 is defined as a second direction Y, where the first direction X and the second direction Y are vertically arranged, and in some embodiments, the first direction X and the second direction Y may be interchanged.

In the embodiment of the present application, the movement directions of the first displacement mechanism 2, the second displacement mechanism 6, the first rotation mechanism 3, and the second rotation mechanism 4 are divided by the machining direction of the workpiece. Through setting up second displacement mechanism 6 outside welding chamber 1, can reduce the inside occupation space of welding chamber 1, simultaneously, be used for driving electron gun 5's motion with second displacement mechanism 6, reduce the work piece stroke that is used for welding chamber 1 inside more, improve space utilization.

As shown in fig. 5, the pitching rotary table 7 is provided with a plurality of clamps 101 and a transmission mechanism 8 engaged with the clamps 101, and the transmission mechanism 8 is driven by the first rotating mechanism 3 to realize rotation of each clamp 101 around the axis of the clamp 101.

As shown in fig. 6, the transmission mechanism 8 includes a first transmission gear set 103 and a second transmission gear set 104, wherein the first transmission gear set 103 includes first gears 105 connected to the clamps 101 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second transmission gear set 104 includes a second gear 106 disposed between two adjacent first gears 105. One of the first gears 105 is a driving gear 107, and the other is a driven gear 108, wherein the driving gear 107 drives the driven gear 108 through the second gear 106 engaged with the driving gear 107.

The transmission mechanism 8 includes a third transmission gear set 109, the transmission gear set includes a third gear 110 connected to the driving gear 107 and a fourth gear 111 connected to the first rotating mechanism 3, the third gear 110 is engaged with the fourth gear 111, the first rotating mechanism 3 drives the fourth gear 111 to rotate while pushing the third gear 110, so as to rotate the driving gear 107 connected to the third gear 110.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, a third transmission gear set including two gears is shown according to the position of the transmission mechanism, the number of the gears of the third transmission gear set may be increased or decreased according to the different application positions during the setting, when there is an offset, a plurality of gears may be used, and when there is no offset, the transmission gear may be eliminated.

In the embodiment of the present application, when the number of the stations is an odd number, in the embodiment of the present application, 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of three stations. The centerline of the first displacement mechanism 2 is aligned with the centerline of the welding chamber 1, the centerline of the drive gear 107 is aligned with the centerline of the first displacement mechanism 2, and the midpoint of the second displacement mechanism 6 is also located on the centerline of the welding chamber 1 (L1 in fig. 7), so that the axis of the drive gear 107 overlaps with the centerline of the welding stroke range of the electron gun 5.

In the embodiment of the application, through setting up the mode that the central line aligns, but the welding gesture (welding height, welding angle) of the weldment of treating of combining different stations can synchronous adjustment, treat simultaneously that the weldment can carry out synchronous slewing motion, and characteristics such as rotational speed and output shaft unanimity for programming work volume reduces during continuous welding, thereby further realizes the purpose of welding work efficiency.

However, since the pitching rotary table 7 also provided on the first displacement mechanism 2 needs to be driven to rotate by the first rotating mechanism 3, the first rotating mechanism 3 includes a motor and a speed reducing mechanism, a bearing mechanism, and the like that cooperate with the motor when provided. Therefore, in the arrangement where the first rotating mechanism 3 is provided on one side of the pitching turret 7, in the first shifting mechanism 2, the pitching turret 7 and the first rotating mechanism 3 need to jointly occupy the lateral width of the first shifting mechanism 2, resulting in a situation where the center of the pitching turret 7 is not coincident with the center line of the first shifting mechanism 2, resulting in an offset, the axis of the first rotating mechanism is shown as L2 in fig. 7.

In the embodiment of the present application, in order to drive the first transmission gear set 103 and the second transmission gear set 104 under the condition that the center lines of the pitching turntable 7 and the first shifting mechanism 2 are offset, the third transmission gear set 109 is provided, and the third transmission gear set 109 is matched with the second rotating mechanism 4, so that the accurate driving under the offset condition is realized. Thereby make this device can follow pitching revolving stage 7 and carry out the adjustment at inclination, satisfy the welding of different angles, co-altitude not, pitching angle (about 90 °) is unanimous with former revolving stage to realize the unanimity of a plurality of station welding gesture.

In the embodiment of the present application, an exemplary view of an even number (e.g., four) of stations is shown in fig. 8, and the offset will be more obvious as the number of stations increases, and in the embodiment of the present application, the number of the third transmission gear sets 109 can be set as required, and the present application does not limit the present application. The problem that space cannot be reused is effectively solved through the third transmission gear set 109.

When an even number of stations are provided, the median line of the first displacement means 2 is aligned with the median line of said welding chamber 1, and the median point of the second displacement means 6 is also located on the median line of the welding chamber 1 (L1 in fig. 8); the centerline of the drive gear 107 may be offset from the centerline of the weld chamber 1, and the axis of the first rotation mechanism (e.g., L1 in fig. 8) may be offset from the centerline of the weld chamber 1 as the drive gear is driven in rotation.

The third transmission gear set 109 can be adjusted in position as needed. Thereby make this device can follow pitching revolving stage 7 and carry out the adjustment at inclination, satisfy the welding of different angles, co-altitude not, pitching angle (about 90 °) is unanimous with former revolving stage to realize the unanimity of a plurality of station welding gesture.

In the embodiment of the present application, in order to improve the space utilization, the pitching rotary table 7 includes a first support 112 and a second support 113 fixedly connected to the first support 112, and the support is provided with an accommodating cavity 114 for fixing the first rotating mechanism 3; the second bracket 113 is used to fix the transmission mechanism 8 and the clamp 101.

It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings that is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. Terms such as "disposed" and the like, as used herein, may refer to one element being directly attached to another element or one element being attached to another element through intervening elements. Features described herein in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment, either alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is otherwise inapplicable or otherwise stated in the other embodiment.

The present invention has been described in terms of the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are for purposes of illustration and description only and are not intended to limit the utility model to the scope of the described embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many variations and modifications may be made to the teachings of the utility model, which fall within the scope of the utility model as claimed.

Claims

1. An electron beam welding device is characterized by comprising a welding chamber which is arranged in a sealing mode, wherein an air suction port and an air inflation port are arranged on the welding chamber, the air inflation port is connected with a protective gas pipeline through a first valve, and the air inflation port is connected with an atmosphere pipeline through a second valve; the air pumping port is connected with an air pumping pump through a third valve.

2. The electron beam welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the third valve is configured to maintain an open state during welding, and a vacuum state within the welding chamber is maintained by continuing pumping with the pump.

3. The electron beam welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve are kept closed for a first time after welding to maintain a vacuum state in the welding chamber.

4. The electron beam welding apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first valve is configured to remain open for a second time after the first time and to close after the gas pressure within the welding chamber remains balanced; and the second valve and the third valve are kept in a closed state in the second time.

5. The electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve are kept closed for a third time after the second time, so that the workpiece in the welding chamber is left to cool to a temperature in this state.

6. The electron beam welding apparatus of claim 5, wherein the third valve is configured to remain open for a fourth time after the third time, and the first and second valves are configured to remain closed for the fourth time.

7. The electron beam welding apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second valve is configured to remain open after the fourth time, and the first and third valves are configured to remain closed after the fourth time.

8. The electron beam welding apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a control device electrically connected to the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the pump.

9. An electron beam welding apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor connected to said control means are provided in said welding chamber.

10. The electron beam welding apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a gas reservoir connected to the shielding gas conduit.