CN216538843U - Broken ore dressing system of magnetite ore - Google Patents
Broken ore dressing system of magnetite ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN216538843U CN216538843U CN202122701996.7U CN202122701996U CN216538843U CN 216538843 U CN216538843 U CN 216538843U CN 202122701996 U CN202122701996 U CN 202122701996U CN 216538843 U CN216538843 U CN 216538843U
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Abstract
A crushing and ore-dressing system adopts two-section closed circulation and twice tail throwing and consists of a transmission belt, a coarse crushing system, a fine crushing system, a screening system, a dry separation system, a tail throwing device and a product collecting device; the coarse crushing system is a circulating crushing system consisting of a coarse crushing device, a middle crushing device and a first micro-powder screening device; the fine crushing system is a circulating crushing system consisting of a fine crushing device and a second micro powder screening device. The dry separation system comprises a first dry separation device and a second dry separation device, the first dry separation device is positioned between the coarse crushing system and the fine crushing system, and the second dry separation device is positioned after the fine crushing system and before the product collecting device. And tail throwing devices are arranged behind the first dry separation device and the second dry separation device.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mine production system, in particular to a crushing system for magnetite beneficiation.
Background
At the present stage, the mFe grade of the ore in most iron mines in China is reduced sharply, the TFe grade of some mines is reduced from 20 percent (mFe grade 12 percent) to 18 percent (mFe grade 7 percent), the magnetite in the ore shows extremely poor and extremely fine characteristics, and the original traditional ore dressing process cannot meet the ore dressing requirement of the existing ore, so the ore dressing process needs to be redesigned and optimized.
The traditional iron ore crushing system is a 'three-section one-closed-circuit' system, namely, a closed-circuit circulation is formed by a conveying belt, a coarse crushing system, a medium crushing system, a fine crushing system and a screening system. The crushing system only crushes ores to a certain granularity step by step and does not purify and discard the ores. Along with the sharp reduction of the content of magnetite in the ore, the ore dressing difficulty also rises sharply, so that a great amount of waste rock content can be increased in the ore dressing process. Traditional crushing equipment is high-energy-consumption equipment, and the energy consumption of a crushing system is increased due to the large increase of waste rocks; meanwhile, if the tail of the ore is not thrown in advance in the crushing stage, a large amount of waste rocks enter a subsequent grinding and selecting system, so that the workload of ore grinding equipment is greatly increased, the abrasion of ore grinding parts is aggravated, and the operating cost of ore dressing is increased. Therefore, equipment with lower energy consumption is selected in the crushing system, and waste rocks are discarded in advance, so that the crushing system is a necessary choice for coping with ore grade reduction. However, the specific selection of which equipment, how to combine the equipments, and how to set the parameters of the equipments during the operation are always the subject of research and study by the mineral processing practitioners.
The utility model provides a crushing scheme of a beneficiation flow, which can realize the optimal balance point of efficiency, cost and energy conservation in the extremely poor and extremely fine magnetite beneficiation flow, thereby realizing the maximization of beneficiation profits.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the purposes of discarding tailings in advance, saving energy and reducing consumption, technicians decide to adopt a process of more crushing and less grinding after carrying out a large number of experiments, change the traditional three-section one-closed-circuit circulating crushing system, add two screening and two dry separation devices into the crushing system, and respectively set the ore dressing granularity of the two dry separation devices according to the TFe grade of concentrate, the TFe grade of tailings and the discarding yield; meanwhile, a crushing device and a screening device are combined, namely two-section closed circulation and two-time tail throwing are adopted, and a high-pressure roller mill is used for replacing the traditional fine crushing equipment, so that the crushing and ore dressing system with the optimal crushing efficiency is realized.
The utility model provides a crushing and mineral separation system, which consists of a coarse crushing system, a fine crushing system, a dry separation system, a tail throwing device and a product collecting device; the coarse crushing system comprises a coarse crushing device, a middle crushing device, a first micro-powder screening device and a circulating crushing system consisting of the middle crushing device and the first micro-powder screening device; the fine crushing system comprises a fine crushing device, a second micro powder screening device and a circulating crushing system consisting of the fine crushing device and the second micro powder screening device.
The dry separation system comprises a first dry separation device and a second dry separation device, the first dry separation device is positioned between the coarse crushing system and the fine crushing system, and the second dry separation device is positioned after the fine crushing system and before the product collecting device. And tail throwing devices are arranged behind the first dry separation device and the second dry separation device.
The dry separation granularity selection of the first dry separation device and the second dry separation device is as follows:
the first dry separation device carries out bulk dry separation, and experimental data analysis shows that (see table 1) when bulk dry separation granularity is set to be 30mm, compared with dry separation granularity of 50mm, 40mm and 20mm, concentrate TFe obtained by dry separation has the highest grade, tailings TFe have the lowest grade, tailing rejection rate can reach 15.82%, production effect is very prominent, and industrial production benefit is the highest.
The second dry separation device is dry separation of fine ores, and experimental data analysis shows that when the dry separation granularity of the fine ores is set to be 1mm, compared with the dry separation method which directly adopts the granularity of raw ores or the dry separation granularity of 2mm, the TFe grade of concentrate obtained by dry separation of the fine ores is highest, the TFe grade of tailings is lowest, the tailing rejection yield is highest, the production effect is very outstanding, and the industrial production benefit is highest. Meanwhile, compared with the dry separation granularity of 0.3mm (the next ore particle grade of 1 mm), the TFe tailings have slightly increased taste and increased tailing rejection yield, but the production efficiency of the mine is reduced, the energy consumption is increased, and the economic benefit is less. Therefore, the production efficiency, economic benefits, energy conservation, consumption reduction and other factors of the crushing system are comprehensively considered, and the dry separation granularity of the 1mm fine ore is the best choice of the second dry separation device.
TABLE 1 first Dry sizing (bulk Dry sizing) test results
TABLE 2 second Dry-sorting Screen (Dry-sorting of fines) test results
Therefore, the large dry separation particle size of the first dry separation device is set to be 30mm, and the fine ore dry separation particle size of the second dry separation device is set to be 1 mm.
Selecting a coarse crushing device, a middle crushing device, a first micro powder screening device and a second micro powder screening device:
the coarse crushing device is preferably a gyratory crusher, the intermediate crushing device is preferably a cone crusher, and the fine crushing device is preferably a high-pressure roller mill.
In view of the fact that the granularity of ores to be selected entering a dressing plant is large and the workload of mineral processing is large, a gyratory crusher with high production capacity is preferably selected as coarse crushing equipment (the crushing granularity of a common gyratory crusher on iron ores is 300 mm); because the granularity of the ore crushed by the coarse crushing equipment is smaller, the cone crusher with better crushing effect and higher production efficiency is selected as the medium crushing equipment; the fine crushing equipment is preferably a high-pressure roller mill; the first micro powder screening device and the second micro powder screening device are double-layer micro powder screening machines.
Thirdly, selecting crushing or screening granularity of the medium crushing device (cone crusher), the fine crushing equipment (high-pressure roller mill) and the first micro powder screening device and the second micro powder screening device:
the crushing granularity of the ore by the middle crushing device (cone crusher) is set to be 50mm, and the screening granularity of the ore by the first micro-powder screening device is set to be 40 mm; the crushing granularity of the ore by the fine crushing equipment (high-pressure roller mill) in the utility model is set to be 3 mm; the screening granularity of the second micro-powder screening device for the ores is set to be 3 mm. The reason is as follows:
1. in the present invention, the crushing grain size of the medium crushing apparatus (cone crusher) is set to 50 mm.
Because the hydraulic cone crusher has the layered crushing characteristic, the production efficiency of the crusher can be fully exerted only by using full ore feeding. In the actual operation of a concentrating mill, if the crushing granularity of the cone crusher is set to be 40mm, oversize materials of the micro-powder sieve are less, the amount of the fine powder returned to the cone crusher is less, the working efficiency of the crusher cannot be sufficiently exerted, and energy waste is caused. When the crushing granularity of the cone crusher is increased, oversize materials of the micro-powder sieve are increased, so that the working efficiency of the cone crusher can be fully exerted, and the loss and energy consumption of the crusher can be reduced (the smaller the crushing granularity of ore is, the larger the required crushing force is, the larger the loss of the crusher is, and the more the energy consumption is). However, if the size of the cone crusher is set to 60mm, the oversize product is larger after passing through the screening machine, and the returned ore exceeds the processing capacity of the crusher. When the crushing particle size of the cone crusher is set to be 50mm, the production efficiency of the crushing system is highest, and the weight ratio of oversize products to undersize products is 11:9, namely the ratio of undersize products to the treatment capacity of the crusher is 9/(11+9) =0.45, namely the content of undersize products is 45%. By the formula of calculating the circulation amount (R1) in a closed loop: r1= (100)3/Ey)-100
Wherein E is the efficiency of the micro-sieve, namely 96.6%; y is the undersize content, i.e., 45%. Calculated R1=130%, i.e. 130% of the circulation volume of one closed circuit.
In the utility model, a first micro powder sieve device with the sieving granularity of 40mm is adopted.
Because the granularity of the ore processed by the cone crusher is non-uniform and needs to be screened, the cone crusher and the first micro-powder screening device form a closed cycle, and oversize materials of the first micro-powder screening device are returned to the cone crusher again.
As can be seen from the test results (Table 1), the optimum dry separation particle size of the first dry separation (bulk dry separation) of the ore is 30 mm.
When the granularity of the first micro powder sieve device is set to be 30mm, more than 90% of crushed products have the granularity below 20mm, and at the moment, most of crushed ores enter a first dry separation device (bulk dry separation) with the dry separation granularity of 30mm, so that energy waste of a dry separation process is caused.
When the granularity of screening of first miropowder sieve device sets up to 40mm, the granularity of 90% about the product in its broken product is below 30mm, is better granularity interval, and is higher with the granularity goodness of fit of first dry separation device (bulk dry separation), and production efficiency and benefit are higher, consequently sets up the screening granularity of first miropowder sieve device to the ore to 40 mm.
Table 3 shows that when the granularity of the first fine powder sieve device is set to 40mm, the result of the ore granularity of the first fine powder sieve indicates that 87.08% of the ore with the granularity of 30mm or less is contained in the undersize, and at this time, the sieving efficiency of the fine powder sieve is 96.6%, and the sieving efficiency is high.
Table 3 table of results of ore particle size by first fine screen
3. According to the utility model, the crushing granularity of the high-pressure roller mill device on the ore is set to be 3mm, and the screening granularity of the second micro-powder screening device on the ore is set to be 3 mm.
The high-pressure roller mill has two modes of double-motor driving and single-motor driving at the present stage, and the double-motor driving is higher in price and more energy-consuming than the single-motor driving. On the premise of comprehensively considering two factors of energy conservation, ore dressing efficiency and the like, the largest single-motor-driven high-pressure roller mill capable of being produced in the prior art is selected, and the technical parameters are as follows: fully extruding and feeding materials, wherein the particle size of the fed materials is 0-40mm, the particle size of the product is more than or equal to 60 percent when the particle size is-3 mm, and still adopting a double-layer micro-powder sieve (a second micro-powder sieve device) for sieving.
The ore magnetically sorted by the bulk dry separator needs to be transported to a high-pressure roller mill for fine grinding. Because the daily throughput of the ore is large and the finer the ore is ground, the higher the concentrate grade on dry concentration. However, because the high-pressure roller mill adopts full-extrusion feeding, the grinding effect is achieved in the material bed through mutual extrusion among particles in the material, and coarse particles are not directly crushed on the surface of the roller. Thus, the finer the ore mill, the higher the energy consumed and the more oversize passes through the finer screen, the more the number of cycles of ore. Therefore, the amount of ore circulating also determines the size of the screened particle size.
Practical data show that if a sieve with the diameter of-1 mm or-2 mm is adopted, the sum of the circulating amount of the high-pressure roller mill and the newly-added ore amount is larger than the upper limit of the throughput; when the screening granularity of 3mm is selected, the undersize accounts for 37.1 percent of the specific gravity of the second micro powder screening device, the oversize accounts for 62.9 percent of the specific gravity of the second micro powder screening device, the oversize continuously returns to the high-pressure roller mill for continuous crushing, and the circulation rate is 103.8 percent.
By analyzing the particle size of undersize of the double-layer fine powder sieve with the particle size of 3mm (as shown in table 4), it can be known that the main particle size of the undersize ore is-1 mm and accounts for 87.77%, wherein-1 mm +50 meshes account for 32.07%, and-200 m accounts for 28.65%, and the particle size of the local ore reaches the particle size requirement of the ore grinding stage in the traditional system at the stage, so that a good condition is created for dry separation of the second dry powder ore, a solid foundation is laid for the subsequent ore grinding process, and the workload of subsequent ore grinding is greatly reduced.
TABLE 4 particle size composition after sieving with micro-powder sieve (-3 mm)
And the ores passing through the second micro powder sieve device are continuously subjected to tailing discarding through a fine ore dry magnetic separator.
The TFe grade of the tailings which are processed by the coarse crushing system, the first dry separation device, the fine crushing system and the second dry separation device in advance by the tailing discarding device can be as low as 8.67 percent, the mFe grade is as low as 0.6 percent, the tailing discarding rates of the first dry separation and the second dry separation are respectively 15 percent and 21.64 percent, and the total tailing discarding rate of the two dry separation is 36.64 percent. The ores dry-sorted by the second fine ores can be divided into dry-sorted middlings and dry-sorted concentrates. The yield of the dry separation middlings is 975.61t/h, the middlings are continuously returned to the high-pressure roller mill for grinding, screening and dry separation of fine ores, and the circulation rate is 75.75%; and (4) performing dry separation by using a second dry separation screening device, wherein the TFe grade of the dry separation concentrate collected by the product collecting device is as high as 26.35%, the TFe recovery rate is 83.48%, and the yield is 960 ten thousand t/h.
The ore dressing system designed by the technical scheme of the utility model changes the raw ore with the TFe grade of 20 percent into concentrate with the TFe grade of 26.35 percent, and carries out two-stage advanced tailing discarding: the tail throwing rate of the first section of tail throwing is 15 percent; the tailing discarding rate of the second stage tailing discarding is 21.64%. The mFe grade in the tailings after discarding the tailings is less than 1 percent. The efficiency and the quality of ore dressing are improved to a great extent.
The crushing system not only improves the ore grade, but also eliminates a large amount of waste rocks, and fully reduces the workload of later-stage ore grinding. Compared with the conventional crushing and grinding scheme, the design of the crushing system saves the consumption of a large amount of consumables such as grinding balls and lining plates in the later ore grinding stage, and creates huge economic value. Compared with the conventional crushing system, the crushing system has the advantages of more crushing and less grinding, low energy consumption for crushing ores, reduction of ore grinding power consumption, advanced coarse grain tailing throwing, reduction of grinding amount, capability of improving the treatment capacity of a subsequent mill and the like, is a preferred process flow of an ultra-lean magnet concentrating mill, and has good energy-saving effect and economic benefit. Aiming at the concentrating mill (processing 1000 thousand tons of raw ores every year), the crushing system can save more than 3900 ten thousand yuan of operating cost for concentrating each year, and has great economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art iron ore crushing dry separation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for crushing and dry separating iron ore according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a preferred configuration of a dry separation system for crushing iron ore according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a preferred configuration of the iron ore crushing dry separation system in example 3 of this invention;
fig. 5 is a preferred configuration of the iron ore crushing dry separation system in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the utility model are explained below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description of the utility model.
Example 1
Transporting iron ore raw ore (0-800 mm) from a stope to a concentrating mill by using an automobile, and then unloading into a coarse crushing device for coarse-grained crushing; the coarsely crushed ore is transferred to a middle crushing device through a belt conveyor to be crushed in a middle granularity; the crushed ore is screened by the first micro-powder screening device, oversize materials are conveyed to the middle crushing device through a belt and are crushed again, and the first micro-powder screening device and the middle crushing device form a closed-circuit screening.
And feeding the undersize of the first fine powder screening device into a first dry separation device. The product obtained by the first dry separation enters a fine crushing system; and (4) conveying the waste rocks subjected to dry separation to a tail discarding device through a belt conveyor for subsequent treatment.
And conveying the ores subjected to dry separation by the primary dry separation device to a fine crushing device through a belt for crushing, and transferring the crushed ores to a second micro powder sieve device through a belt conveyor for sieving operation. And transferring the oversize and fine ore dry separation middlings to a fine crushing device through a belt conveyor to be crushed again to form secondary closed-circuit screening.
And feeding the materials screened by the second fine powder screening device into a second dry separation device. The product obtained by the second dry separation enters a product collecting device to obtain a final product; and (4) conveying the tailings generated by the secondary dry separation to a tailing discarding device through a belt conveyor for subsequent treatment.
Example 2
Transporting the raw ore of the iron ore from a stope to a concentrating mill by using an automobile, and then unloading the raw ore into a gyratory crusher for coarse-grained crushing; transferring the coarsely crushed ore to a cone crusher through a belt conveyor for medium-granularity crushing; the crushed ore is screened by a first double-layer micro-powder screening machine, oversize materials are conveyed to a cone crusher through a belt and are crushed again, and the first double-layer micro-powder screening machine and the cone crusher form closed-circuit screening.
Undersize of the first double-layer micro powder screening machine is fed into a bulk dry separation machine. Feeding the product obtained by the bulk dry separator into a fine crushing system; and (4) conveying the waste stone subjected to dry separation to a tail polishing machine through a belt machine, and performing subsequent treatment.
The ore after the dry separation treatment of the bulk dry separator is conveyed to a high-pressure roller mill through a belt to be crushed, the crushed ore is transported to a second double-layer micropowder sieve machine through the belt conveyor to be sieved, and the oversize material is transported to the high-pressure roller mill through the belt conveyor to be crushed again to form secondary closed-circuit sieving.
Feeding undersize of the second micro powder screening machine into a powder ore dry separation machine, and feeding a product obtained by dry separation treatment of the powder ore dry separation machine into a product collection device to obtain a final product; and (4) conveying the tailings generated by the secondary dry separation to a tailing discarding device through a belt conveyor for subsequent treatment.
Example 3
Transporting the raw ore (0-800 mm) of the iron ore from a stope to a concentrating mill by using an automobile, unloading into a gyratory crusher with the crushing granularity of 300mm, and crushing with coarse granularity; transferring the coarsely crushed ore (0-300 mm) to a cone crusher with the crushing granularity of 50mm by a belt conveyor, and crushing with medium granularity; sieving the crushed ore (0-50 mm) by a first double-layer micro powder sieve machine with the sieving granularity of 40mm, returning oversize materials (the granularity is more than 40 mm) to a cone crusher of a middle crushing device by a belt, and crushing again; the first double-layer micro powder screening machine and the cone crusher form a closed-circuit screening.
Undersize of the first double-layer micro powder screening machine is fed into a bulk dry separation machine. The product obtained by the first dry separation enters a fine crushing system; and (4) conveying the waste rocks subjected to dry separation to a tail discarding device through a belt conveyor for subsequent treatment.
The ore subjected to dry separation treatment by the bulk dry separator is conveyed to a high-pressure roller mill with the crushing granularity of 3mm by a belt for fine crushing, and the ore subjected to fine crushing (0-3 mm) is conveyed to a double-layer micro powder sieve machine with the sieving granularity of 3mm by the belt conveyor for sieving operation. And transferring oversize materials (granularity is larger than 3 mm) to a high-pressure roller mill through a belt conveyor for crushing again to form secondary closed-circuit screening.
Feeding the undersize material of the double-layer micro powder screening machine with the screening granularity of 3mm into a powder ore dry separation machine, carrying out powder ore dry separation treatment, and feeding the product obtained by dry separation into a product collection device; and (4) conveying the tailings generated by the secondary dry separation to a tailing discarding device through a belt conveyor for subsequent treatment.
Example 4
According to the analysis of the data experiment results of tables 1-4, a first filtering system consisting of a sieving machine with the sieving granularity of 30mm is arranged before a coarse crushing system; and a second filtering system consisting of a screening machine with the screening granularity of 1mm is arranged in front of the fine crushing system, so that the mineral separation working efficiency of the crushing mineral separation system is improved to the maximum extent.
Arranging a coarse crushing system, conveying raw iron ore (0-800 mm) from a stope to a concentrating mill by using an automobile, screening by a first filtering system consisting of a screening machine with the screening granularity of 30mm, and directly feeding a small amount of undersize into a bulk dry separator; conveying a large amount of oversize products to a coarse crushing system, discharging into a gyratory crusher with the crushing granularity of 300mm, and crushing with coarse granularity; transferring the coarsely crushed ore (0-300 mm) to a cone crusher with the crushing granularity of 50mm by a belt conveyor, and crushing with medium granularity; sieving the crushed ore (0-50 mm) by a first double-layer micro powder sieve machine with the sieving granularity of 40mm, returning oversize materials (the granularity is more than 40 mm) to a cone crusher of a middle crushing device by a belt, and crushing again; the first double-layer micro powder screening machine and the cone crusher form a closed-circuit screening.
Undersize of the first double-layer micro powder screening machine is fed into a bulk dry separation machine. The waste stone after dry separation is transported to a tail throwing device through a belt conveyor for subsequent treatment; before the product after the dry separation machine enters a fine crushing system, a second filtering system consisting of a screening machine with the screening granularity of 1mm is used for filtering, and undersize products are collected as products; and (3) conveying the oversize products to a high-pressure roller mill with the crushing granularity of 3mm through a belt for fine crushing, conveying the finely crushed (0-3 mm) ore to a double-layer micro powder sieve machine with the sieving granularity of 3mm through the belt conveyor, and carrying out sieving operation. And transferring oversize materials (granularity is larger than 3 mm) to a high-pressure roller mill through a belt conveyor for crushing again to form secondary closed-circuit screening.
Feeding the undersize material of the double-layer micro powder screening machine with the screening granularity of 3mm into a powder ore dry separation machine, carrying out powder ore dry separation treatment, and feeding the product obtained by dry separation into a product collection device; and (4) conveying the tailings generated by the secondary dry separation to a tailing discarding device through a belt conveyor for subsequent treatment.
Be 30 mm's first filtration system and screening granularity for 1mm second filtration system through setting up the screening granularity for the ore can filter in early stage before getting into coarse crushing system and fine crushing system respectively, makes crushing system carry out effective broken operation in the at utmost, improves the output efficiency of crushing system.
Claims (4)
1. A magnetite ore crushing and beneficiation system comprises a coarse crushing system, a fine crushing system, a dry separation system, a conveying belt device, a product collecting device and a tailing discarding device, and is characterized in that the coarse crushing system comprises,
the coarse crushing system comprises a coarse crushing device, a middle crushing device and a first micro powder screening device, and the middle crushing device and the first micro powder screening device form closed circulation;
the fine crushing system comprises a fine crushing device and a second micro powder sieve device, and the fine crushing device and the second micro powder sieve device form closed circulation;
the dry separation system comprises a first dry separation device and a second dry separation device, the first dry separation device is positioned between the coarse crushing system and the fine crushing system, and the second dry separation device is positioned between the fine crushing system and the product collecting device.
2. A magnetite ore breaking beneficiation system according to claim 1,
the first dry separation device is a bulk dry separator,
the second dry separation device is a powder lump dry separator,
the first micro powder screening device is a double-layer micro powder screening machine,
the second micro powder screening device is a double-layer micro powder screening machine;
the coarse crushing device is a gyratory crusher,
the middle crushing device is a cone crusher,
the fine crushing device is a high-pressure roller mill.
3. A magnetite ore breaking beneficiation system according to claim 2,
the screening granularity of the first micro-screening device on the ore is 40 mm;
the screening granularity of the second micro-screening device for the ore is 3 mm;
the crushing granularity of the gyratory crusher to the ore is 300mm,
the crushing granularity of the cone crusher to the ore is 50mm,
the crushing granularity of the high-pressure roller mill on ores is 3 mm.
4. A magnetite ore breaking beneficiation system according to claim 3,
the magnetite ore crushing and concentrating system further comprises a first filtering system and a second filtering system; the first filtering system is arranged in front of the coarse crushing system, is composed of a screening machine with the screening granularity of 30mm, and conveys oversize materials to the coarse crushing system; the second filtering system is arranged between the bulk dry separator and the fine crushing system, is composed of a screening machine with the screening granularity of 1mm, and conveys oversize materials to the fine crushing system.
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